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Y}glqld5 QNQE <;91 [mdgldylr [mdyliojrld Lwlb Bchi Dch ojd Bi Z}d}q GO;;7=9
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[MDGMDL@LD
Dmw [}o`ja Bldlgmbmdy lil`lh q}ly} fl`qlflh {mdg}r}qld zldg ijg}dlnld c`mhnmrlelld qmeln ylh}d <::;"ld }dy}n bm`lnqldlnld rmfcrblqj ild {mbolhlr}ld ij il`lbqmnycr lwlb$ Ilqlr [mdg}r}qld Lwlb Olr} lil`lh bm`j{}yj q}ly} {m`lnqldlld zldglbly `}lq ild qldgly ncb{`mnq ild Dmw [}o`ja Bldlgmbmdy lil`lh jqyj`lh zldgijg}dlnld }dy}n bmdglbolrnld gm`cboldg rmfcrblqj qmnycr lwlb ij qm`}r}h i}djl$Hj{cymqjq }ylbl rmfcrblqj qmnycr lwlb imdgld Dmw [}o`ja Bldlgmbmdy lil`lh olhlwl`mojh oldzln {m`lnqldlld ilqlr ild
c}y{}y 
ij qmnycr lwlb lnld `mojh bmdglrlh nm{lilnmamnl{ld ncq zldg `mojh omqlr olgj Nmrlelld, yld{l nmqld qlb{jdgld dmglyjf {lily}e}ld ild {mryjboldgld"{mryjboldgld `ljd$ H}gmq (<::8* omr{mdil{ly olhlwl ncdqm{Dmw [}o`ja Bldlgmbmdy (D[B* jdj bmr}{lnld q}ly} fmdcbmdl g`col` ij bldl ncdqm{ymrqmo}y omrb}`l ij q}ly} dmglrl ild qmymr}qdzl qldgly am{ly omrnmboldg nm dmglrl `ljdild bmdelij gmrlnld {mbolhlr}ld qmnycr lwlb ij qm`}r}h i}djl$Ilqlr [mdg}r}qld Lwlb Olr} (Dmw [}o`ja Bldlgmbmdy* jdj ijg}ol` ildijlil{ylqj ilrj qjqymb {mdg}r}qld qmnycr qwlqyl ild {m`lnqldllddzl ij`jhly bmr}{lnldq}ly} {mrnlrl zldg ijomrj {mrhlyjld }ylbl c`mh {jhln {mdg}r}qld ymryjdggj qmqmo}lhdmglrl ij qm`}r}h i}djl$ Ilqlr jdj bmr}{lnld rmfcrblqj ild yrldqfcrblqj ilrj ilqlr{mdyliojrld lwlb zldg omrqjfly yrlijqjcdl` ild ij{md}hj imdgld nmrmdlh ojrcnrlqjnm{lil q}ly} ymndjn {mdg}r}qld qmnycr lwlb zldg `mojh amnl{, omrnmqld qmryl bcimd$Ldylrl flnycr }ylbl nmelzlld qjqymb jdj jl`lh {mdglgjhld n}lql zldg `mojh bm`}lqnm{lil {mdg}r}qld qmnycr lwlb qm{mryj bmbomrj n}lql l}ycdcbj bldl"bldl lgmdqjlwlb zldg ijnmdl`{lqyj ild bmrmnl ijomrj n}lql }dy}n bmdglwl` olemy qmryl {mdg}r}qldnmwldgld bmrmnl, {mdjdgnlyld {mdgg}dlld {lqlrld ild {mrqljdgld ij il`lb{mrnhjiblyld lwlb imdgld ilqlr {mdqzlrjnlyld ild {mdqwlqylld, bmdmnldnld{mdjdgnlyld ylhl{ n}l`jyj nmrel qmryl ilzl {mdgm`}lrld ild e}gl bmdg}ylblnld{mrnhjiblyld {m`ldggld$Qmeln {mdgmdl`ld Dmw [}o`ja Bldlgmbmdy, jdcvlqj qmnycr lwlb ild ilqlr{mbjdilhld ({c`jaz yrldqfmr* ym`lh bmdelij qmblnjd {c{}`lr il`lb lq{mn {mdg}r}qldlwlb ij qm`}r}h i}djl, qmolglj qly} qyrlymgj }dy}n bmb{mroljnj {mrly}rld ildbmdjdgnlynld b}y} [mrnhjiblyld Lwlb$ Nmrlelld Bl`lzqjl e}gl yjiln nmyjdggl`ld
b#q5 <
 
Y}glqld5 QNQE <;91 [mdgldylr [mdyliojrld Lwlb Bchi Dch ojd Bi Z}d}q GO;;7=9
il`lb {mrnlrl jdj imdgld bm`j{lygldilnld }qlhl"}qlhl {mbolhlr}ld nm lrlhbmbo}ilzlnld nmambmr`ldgld il`lb {mbomrjld {mrnhjiblyld ij qmnycr lwlb qmeln ylh}d <::=$ Emdymrl [mdyliojrld Lwlb ym`lh ijgmrlnnld }dy}n bm`ln}nld {mr}olhldolgj bm`mylnnlddzl ij ylhl{ nmamnl{ld ild nmomrnmqldld zldg `mojh yjdggj$ ]qlhl{mbolhlr}ld c`mh Nmrlelld Bl`lzqjl ymrqmo}y bmr}{lnld q}ly} }qlhl omrymr}qld zldgijrldaldg ild ij`lnqlnld qmjrjdg ild qm`lrlq imdgld {mr}olhld"{mr}olhld zldg omr`ln}il`lb {mrqmnjylrld$ Nmelzlld [mrnhjiblyld Lwlb Bl`lzqjl il`lb bmdglilnld{mr}olhld"{mr}olhld qmhjdggl njdj lil`lh hlqj` ilrj{lil nm{mnllddzl ymrhlil{ qmyjl{alolrld, qjnl{ rmq{cdqjf ild ncbjybmd }dy}n bm`ln}nld {mdlbolholjnld qmalrlomrymr}qld$Qmymr}qdzl [mrnhjiblyld Lwlb Bl`lzqjl oc`mh omroldggl nmrldl ym`lh il{lyomrqlbl imdgld qmnycr"qmnycr `ljd bmdggmbom`jdg jiml ild ymdlgl }dy}n bm`m{lqjalolrld nrjqjq nmwldgld zldg bm`ldil dmglrl il`lb blql zldg qjdgnly ild il`lb blqlzldg qlbl bm`mylnnld qmb}`l dmglrl nm lylq `ldilqld zldg `mojh n}n}h olgjbmdelzlnld wlwlqld dmglrl$ Hlqj` }qlhl omrqlbl ymrqmo}y, {rmqylqj mncdcbj dmglrlolgj ymb{ch <::: ‑ ?;;; ym`lh il{ly ijyjdgnlynld nm{lil nlilr {mry}bo}hld {}rlyl 7$?{mrly}q omroldijdg imdgld nlilr {mry}bo}hld dmglyjf 7$9 {mrly}q il`lb ylh}d <::8$ YldQrj Qlbq}ijd Cqbld (?;;; 5 xjjj*$
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NCDQM[ DMW []O@JA BLDLGMBMDY
[lrlijgbl olr} zldg qmildg njyl ojdaldgnld jdj ijnmdl`j qmolglj Dmw [}o`jaBldlgmbmdy (D[B* ym`lh b}da}` qmolglj q}ly} fmdcbmdl ild {mrnmboldgld {mdyjdgil`lb ymcrj [mdg}r}qld Lwlb$ Ncdqm{ {mdg}r}qld ymrqmo}y bmr}{lnld e}gl q}ly}{mrq{mnyjf olr} zldg b}da}` ild omrnmboldg {lil lwl` ylh}d <::;"ld zldg omr}qlhl}dy}n bmdgglo}dgnld dj`lj"dj`lj }ylbl qmnycr {mrdjlglld ild ncr{crly nm il`lb{mdg}r}qld [mdyliojrld Lwlb$ Jqyj`lh Dmw [}o`ja Bldlgmbmdy (D[B* ymrqmo}y
b#q5 ?
 
Y}glqld5 QNQE <;91 [mdgldylr [mdyliojrld Lwlb Bchi Dch ojd Bi Z}d}q GO;;7=9
ijg}dl{lnlj o}ly {mrylbl nl`jdzl c`mh Ahrjqyc{hmr Hcci {lil ylh}d <::<
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il`lby}`jqlddzl zldg omre}i}` ‚
 Dmw [}o`ja Bldlgmbmdy fcr L`` Qmlqcdq
‚ zldg ijymrojynldil`lb e}rdl` omryle}n ‚
[}o`ja Libjdjqyrlyjcd
‚$ Il`lb y}`jqlddzl ymrqmo}y, om`jl}bmdem`lqnld ymdyldg {mdgg}dlld {rjdqj{"{rjdqj{ }ylbl qmnycr {mrdjlglld nm il`lb{mdg}r}qld lwlb$ Dlb}d, {mdem`lqld zldg `mojh qjqymblyjn bmdgmdlj Dmw [}o`jaBldlgmbmdy ymrqmo}y ijomrjnld c`mh Ilvji Cqocrdm ild Ymi Glmo`mr (<::?* ij il`lbo}n} bmrmnl zldg omryle}n ‒
 _mjdvmdyjdg Gcvmrbmdy5 Hcw yhm Mdyrm{rmdm}rjl` Q{jrjy JqYrldqfcrbjdg yhm [}o`ja Qmaycr 
‒$Dmw [}o`ja Bldlgmbmdy bmr}e}n nm{lil {m`olglj {mbolhlr}ld il`lb qmnycrlwlb zldg omry}e}ld }dy}n bmdelijnlddzl `mojh mfjqzmd, mncdcbjn, omrilzl qljdg ild`mojh omrnmqld$ Dmw [}o`ja Bldlgmbmdy ym`lh bmdlwlrnld q}ly} nlmilh {mdzm`mqljldzldg qldgly omrnmqld olgj bmdzm`mqljnld {m`olglj blql`lh zldg omr`ln} ij il`lb qmnycrlwlb zldg qmeln qmnjld `lbl ijom`mdgg} imdgld nmrmdlh ojrcnrlqj$ Bcim`{mbolhlr}ld jdj bmdelij qldgly {c{}`lr ild ym`lh bmdelijnld {mr}olhld zldg rlijnl` ijil`lb {mdg}r}qld qmnycr lwlb$ Dmw [}o`ja Bldlgmbmdy e}gl ijnmdl`j qmolglj‚
 Mdyrm{rmdm}rjl` Gcvmrbmdy 
‚ zldg bmdg}ylblnld nmamnl{ld, nmomrnmqldld ild {rmqylqjmncdcbj ij il`lb qmnycr lwlb imdgld bmdgg}dlnld nlmilh {mdg}r}qld bcimd qm{mryj{mdg}n}rld {rmqylqj, {mdg}rldgld ncq, n}lql l}ycdcbj, jdqmdyjf nmwldgld, {mdjdgnlyldilzl {mdgm`}lrld, jdcvlqj, crjmdylqj {lqlrld, rmq{cdqjf ild lnl}dyloj`jyjmq$ Jiml lqlq ijqmol`jn {mdgmdl`ld Dmw [}o`ja Bldlgmbmdy jl`lh }dy}n bmdaj{yl nlmilh olr}, ymndjn ild {rcqmi}r }dy}n bmdlbolh oljn {mdg}r}qld [mdyliojrld Lwlb q}{lzl `mojhomrnmqld }dy}n bmdal{lj bly`lbly il`lb {mrqmnjylrld qmjrjdg imdgld {mr}olhldg`col`jqlqj, {rjvlyjqlqj ild `jomrl`jqlqj$ ]dy}n y}e}ld ymrqmo}y, Dmw [}o`ja Bldlgmbmdybmbjdelb {rcqmi}r ild nlmilh {mdg}r}qld qmnycr ncr{crly ild {mrdjlglld }dy}n ijymrl{nld nm il`lb qmnycr lwlb$C`mh nmrldl jy} @$L$ G}dd bmdzlylnld Dmw [}o`ja Bldlgmbmdy qmolglj alrlnmyjgl ij ldylrl nlmilh {mdg}r}qld qmnycr lwlb ild {mdg}r}qld qmnycr ncr{crly lyl}{mrdjlglld$ Bmd}r}y Elbmq @$ [mrrz ild Nmddmyh M$ Nrlmbmr, ‒Dmw [}o`ja Bldlgmbmdylil`lh bmr}{lnld {mdgglo}dgld crjmdylqj dcrblyjf {mdyliojrld lwlb yrlijqjcdl` ild
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[rcfmqcr Ahrjqyc{hmr Hcci `lhjr {lil ylh}d <:97 lil`lh [rcfmqcr ij ]djvmrqjyj Cxfcri$ Om`jl} e}gl bmr}{lnld fm``cw L`` Qc}`qAc``mgm, Cxfcri$ Om`jl} bmr}{lnld {mdglrlh [rcgrlb [mdzm`jijnld MQ_A [mrnhjiblyld Lwlb5 N}l`jyj, [rmqylqj ild [mdzlb{ljld$O}n}"o}n}dzl ymrblq}n Yhm @jbjyq cf Libjdjqyrlyjcd (<:76*, Yhm Ycc` cf Gcvmrbmdyq (<:81* ijymrojynld qmb}`l qmolglj Yhm Ycc`cf Gcvmrbmdyq jd Yhm Ijgjyl` Lgm (?;;7* imdgld Hm`md Blrgmyyq ild Yhm Lry cf yhm Qylym (<::8 ild ?;;;*$
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