Beginner's Guide to Aviation Biofuels (PDF)

Beginner’s Guideto

Aviation Biouels

May 2009

Introduction Page 1What are biouels? Page 2What are second-generation aviation biouels? Page 4Why use biouels or aviation? Page 6Biouels or aviation – technical challenges Page 8Biouels or aviation – sustainability challenges Page 9Flightpath to a biouelled uture Page 10Biouels or aviation – testing Page 12Biouels or aviation – the certication process Page 14Biouels or aviation – economic viability Page 16From the elds to the wings Page 18The next steps Page 20Denitions Page 21

Contents

Sources or diagrams and a reerence version o this document are available at www.enviro.aero/biouelsThis brochure is or inormation purposes only. While every eort has been made to ensure the quality and accuracy o inormation in this brochure, it is made available withoutany warranty o any kind.• Aviation provides the only rapid worldwide transportation network, is indispensable ortourism and acilitates world trade. Air transport improves quality o lie in countless ways.• Air transport moves over 2.2 billion passengers annually.• The air transport industry generates a total o 32 million jobs globally.• Aviation’s global economic impact (direct, indirect, induced and catalytic) isestimated at USD 3,560 billion, equivalent to 7.5% o world gross domestic product.• Aviation is responsibly reducing its environmental impact.• Air transport’s contribution to climate change represents 2% o man-made CO

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emissions and this could reach 3% by 2050, according to updated gures romthe Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).• This evolution is based on a growth in aviation CO

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emissions o 2-3% per year, withan annual trac growth o 5%. The air transport industry is now working towardscarbon-neutral growth – no increase in carbon emissions in spite o trac growth –as a rst step towards a carbon-ree uture.• Aircrat entering today’s feet are 70% more uel-ecient than 40 years ago,consuming 3.5 litres per passenger per 100km. The Airbus A380 and the Boeing 787 –consuming less than 3 litres/100 km – compare avourably with small amily cars.

The importance o aviation

Beginner’s Guide to Aviation Biouels:Page 1

In the early days o the jet age, speed and luxury were the drivers o intercontinental travel.Today, our engines are at the cutting edge o eciency. Our aircrat are more aerodynamicand lighter than ever beore. We are making huge improvements in our air trac controleciency, how we fy our aircrat and in developing more environmentally-riendlyoperations at airports. But we are still using the same uel.

That’s about to change

.The world is turning to governments and business to reduce the human impacton climate change. And the aviation industry is about to embark on a new journey.Sustainable biouels are crucial to providing a cleaner source o uel to powerthe world’s feet o aircrat and help the billions o people who travel by aireach year to lower the impact o their journey on our planet.This guide looks at the opportunities and challenges in developing sustainablebiouels or aviation. To discover the other technology, operations and inrastructureimprovements underway across the aviation industry, check out

www.enviro.aero

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Introduction