You are on page 1of 9

1

2
Malayan Law Journal Reports/1998/Volume 7/RE GO AH LEK E! " #$%&E' MALA(A$
)A$K%$G *OR" )H' + ,1998- 7 MLJ 1./ + 2/ $o0em1er 1998
7 pa2es
,1998- 7 MLJ 1./
RE GO AH LEK; EX P UNITED MALAYAN BANKING CORP BHD
HIGH COURT (JOHOR BAHRU)
ABDUL MALIK ISHAK J
BANKRUPTCY NO 29-1260 O 1996
20 N!"#$%#& 199'
Bankruptcy -- Notice -- Application to set aside -- Notice did not follow prescribed form --
Judgment not satisfied and execution not stayed -- Whether court has basis to strike out notice --
Bankruptcy Rules 1!" #orm $
&3e 4u52ment 6re57tor o1ta7ne5 a 4u52ment a2a7nst t3e 4u52ment 5e1tor on 8 Au2ust 19929
E:e6ut7on on t3e 4u52ment 3a5 not 1een staye5 an5 t3e 4u52ment 3a5 not 1een sat7s;7e59 On 1<
Au2ust 199.= a 1an>rupt6y not76e was 7ssue5 a2a7nst t3e 4u52ment 5e1tor9 &3e 4u52ment 5e1tor
;a7le5 to 6omply w7t3 t3e 1an>rupt6y not76e an5 t3e 4u52ment 6re57tor t3en too> out t3e 6re57tor?s
pet7t7on9 &3e 4u52ment 5e1tor appl7e5 to set as75e t3e 1an>rupt6y not76e 1y ;7l7n2 en6l 189 %t
state5= 7nter al7a= t3at t3e 1an>rupt6y not76e was 1a5 7n law an5 o; no e;;e6t as 7t ;a7le5 to 6omply
w7t3 t3e pro07s7ons o; t3e )an>rupt6y A6t 19.7 an5 t3e )an>rupt6y Rules 19.99 &3e 4u52ment
5e1tor also 63allen2e5 t3e ;72ures 7tem7@e5 7n t3e 4u52ment an5 6onten5e5 t3at 3e 575 not owe
any money to t3e 4u52ment 6re57tor9
H#()*57sm7ss7n2 t3e appl76at7onA
1) En6losure 18 ;a7le5 to ;ollow Borm 7 o; t3e )an>rupt6y Rules 19.99 %t merely
5en7e5 t3e Cuantum as set out 7n t3e 4u52ment 1ut ;a7le5 to 57s6lose t3at t3e
4u52ment 5e1tor 3a5 a 6ounter6la7m= set+o;; or 6ross+5eman5 a2a7nst t3e 4u52ment
6re57tor= a reCu7rement un5er s 8D1ED7E o; t3e )an>rupt6y A6t 19.7 Dsee p 1.8B+GE
%atuk &im 'heng 'im ( )alayan Banking Bhd ,1998- 2 MLJ 298 ;ollowe59
1) %n re2ar5 to t3e 6re57tor?s pet7t7on= t3ere was no 1as7s at all ;or t3e 6ourt a6t7n2 7n 7ts
1an>rupt6y 4ur7s576t7on to str7>e out t3e pet7t7on9 &3e 4u52ment was not sat7s;7e5 an5
t3e e:e6ut7on t3ereo; was also not staye59 &3e 6ourt was 7n no pos7t7on to 57spute
t3e 4u52ment Dsee p 1.<A+)E *o(ereign +eneral ,nsurance *dn Bhd ( 'oh -ian
Bee ,1988- 1 MLJ 8/F ;ollowe59
+B,-,., M,(,/.0, .1$$,&/
"em7utan2 pen23a>7man tela3 men5apat suatu pen23a>7man ter3a5ap pen23utan2
pen23a>7man pa5a 8 O2os 19929 "ela>sanaan >e atas pen23a>7man terse1ut t75a> 572antun2
5an pen23a>7man terse1ut 1elum la27 57penu379 "a5a 1< O2os 199.= suatu not7s >e1an>rapan
tela3 57>eluar>an ter3a5ap pen23utan2 pen23a>7man9 "en23utan2 pen23a>7man tela3 2a2al
mematu37 not7s >e1an>rapan terse1ut 5an pem7utan2 pen23a>7man tela3 >emu57annya
men2eluar>an pet7syen pem7utan29 "en23utan2 pen23a>7man tela3
8
1. $ )&J 1!/ at 1!1
memo3on untu> men2etep7>an not7s >e1an>rapan terse1ut 5en2an mem;a7l>an lamp7ran 189 %a
menyata>an= antara la7n= 1a3awa not7s >e1an>rapan terse1ut a5ala3 t75a> sa3 menurut un5an2+
un5an2 5an t75a> mempunya7 se1aran2 >esan meman5an2>an 7a t75a> mematu37 peruntu>an+
peruntu>an A>ta Ke1an>rapan 19.7 5an Kae5a3 Ke1an>rapan 19.99 "en23utan2 pen23a>7man
terse1ut 4u2a tela3 men6a1ar 4umla3 yan2 57senara7>an 57 5alam pen23a>7man 5an mene2as>an
1a3awa 1el7au t75a> 1er3utan2 se1aran2 wan2 5en2an pem7utan2 pen23a>7man 7tu9
D02131.4,5*menola> permo3onanA
2) Lamp7ran 18 tela3 2a2al mematu37 )oran2 7 Kae5a3 Ke1an>rapan 19.99 %a 6uma
tela3 mena;7>an 4umla3 yan2 tela3 57nyata>an 57 5alam pen23a>7man terse1ut
tetap7 tela3 2a2al untu> men5e5a3>an 1a3awa pen23utan2 pen23a>7man terse1ut
mempunya7 tuntutan 1alas= tola>an atau tuntutan 1ers7lan2 ter3a5ap pem7utan2
pen23a>7man= satu >eperluan 57 1awa3 s 8D1ED7E A>ta Ke1an>rapan 19.7 Dl73at ms
1.8B+GE %atuk &im 'heng 'im ( )alayan Banking Bhd ,1998- 2 MLJ 298 577>ut9
2) )er>enan 5en2an pet7syen pem7utan2 7tu= t75a> a5a asas lan2sun2 1a27 ma3>ama3
untu> 1ert7n5a> 57 1awa3 175an2 >uasa >e1an>rapannya untu> mem1atal>an
pet7syen terse1ut9 "en23a>7man terse1ut tela3 t75a> 57penu37 5an pela>sanaannya
4u2a tela3 t75a> 572antun29 Ma3>ama3 t75a> 1ole3 mempert7>a7>an pen23a>7man
terse1ut Dl73at ms 1.<A+)E *o(ereign +eneral ,nsurance *dn Bhd ( 'oh -ian Bee
,1988- 1 MLJ 8/F 577>ut9-
N!3#.
Bor 6ases on appl76at7on to set as75e a not76e o; 1an>rupt6y= see 1 Mallal?s '72est DFt3 E5= 1998
Re7ssueE paras 17/8+172F9
C,.#. &#6#&&#) 3!
%atuk &im 'heng 'im ( )alayan Banking Bhd ,1998- 2 MLJ 298 D;oll5E
#redericke and Whitworth" ex parte 0ibbard" Re ,1927- 1 *3 2<8 Dre;5E
*o(ereign +eneral ,nsurance *dn Bhd ( 'oh -ian Bee ,1988- 1 MLJ 8/F D;oll5E
L#70.(,30!5 &#6#&&#) 3!
)an>rupt6y A6t 19.7 s 8D1ED7E
)an>rupt6y Rules 19.9 Borm 7
&3e 4u52ment 5e1tor 7n person9
+oh )ey #oon 1&eng 2 3o4 ;or t3e 4u52ment 6re57tor9
1. $ )&J 1!/ at 1!5
ABDUL MALIK ISHAK J8
On 8 Au2ust 1992= t3e 4u52ment 6re57tor D#n7te5 Malayan )an>7n2 *orp )35E o1ta7ne5 a
4u52ment 7n t3e Jo3or )a3ru H723 *ourt 075e *707l Gu7t $o 22+2<9 o; 1991 a2a7nst Lun5an2
Realty G5n )35= Go A3 Le> Dt3e present 4u52ment 5e1torE an5 L7m *3ew Huat 7n t3e ;ollow7n2
terms as seen 7n en6l 21A
F
D7E Jumla3 se1anya> RM12/=9189F2 1a27 p7n4aman o0er5ra; yan2 57>7ra seta>at 27 Jula7
1992 5en2an ;ae5a3 seterusnya pa5a >a5arA
DaE 119<H seta3un 1er5asar>an >a5ar 1ulanan 5ar7 28 Jula7 1992 pa5a
RM8/=/// yan2 pertama 5an
D1E 189<H seta3un 1er5asar>an >a5ar 1ulanan 5ar7 28 Jula7 1992 1a27
1a>7 yan2 mas73 ter3utan2 57 1awa3 >emu5a3an o0er5ra;t terse1ut
yan2 mele1737 RM8/=///=
37n22a >e tar7>3 pem1ayaran penyelesa7an
D77E 4umla3 se1anya> RM1.8=/9897. 1a27 p7n4aman tetap yan2 57>7ra seta>at 27 Jula7
1992 5en2an ;ae5a3 seterusnya pa5a >a5ar 12H seta3un 1er5asar>an >a5ar 1ulanan
5ar7 28 Jula7 1992 37n22a >e tar7>3 pem1ayaran/penyelesa7an 5an ;ae5a3 penalt7
se4umla3 RM8.1987 yan2 57>7ra seta>at Jula7 1992 5an
D777E >os atas penetapan pe2uam6ara+>l7en 571ayar ole3 5e;en5an pertama= >e5ua 5an
>et72a >epa5a pla7nt7;9
E:e6ut7on on t3e sa75 4u52ment 3a5 not 1een staye5 an5 t3e 4u52ment 3a5 not 1een sat7s;7e59
On 1< Au2ust 199.= Messrs Len2 I *o= sol767tors ;or t3e 4u52ment 6re57tor= reCueste5 t3e Jo3or
)a3ru H723 *ourt to 7ssue 1an>rupt6y not76e a2a7nst t3e 4u52ment 5e1tor ;or ;a7lure to sat7s;y t3e
4u52ment 5ate5 8 Au2ust 19929 On 1< Au2ust 199.= a 1an>rupt6y not76e was 7ssue5 an5
a55resse5 to t3e 4u52ment 5e1tor at $o 7= Loron2 1= Jalan Gon2>7t 12= &aman Gentosa= 8/1</
Jo3or )a3ru= Jo3or9 )ut t3e 1an>rupt6y not76e 6oul5 not 1e ser0e59 &3at 1an>rupt6y not76e sets
out t3e part76ulars o; t3e 5e1t 7n some 5eta7l totall7n2 RM82=18F9.89 &37s ;72ure woul5 5e;7n7tely
3a0e to 1e 6orre6te5 w3en t3e ;7nal amount 3as 1een wor>e5 out9 &3e t7me ;or ser076e o; t3e
1an>rupt6y not76e a2a7nst t3e 4u52ment 5e1tor was enlar2e5 an5 e:ten5e5 ;or a per7o5 o; n7ne
mont3s ;rom 1< $o0em1er 199. to 1F Au2ust 1997 1y or5er o; t3e sen7or ass7stant re27strar D?t3e
GAR?E on 1. 'e6em1er 199.9 &3e GAR also or5ere5 t3at t3e 1an>rupt6y not76e 1e ser0e5 on t3e
4u52ment 5e1tor 1y way o; su1st7tute5 ser076e 1y post7n2 a seale5 6opy t3ereo; to2et3er w7t3 a
seale5 6opy o; t3e or5er o; t3e GAR on t3e not76e 1oar5 o; t3e H723 *ourt an5 1y a50ert7s7n2 t3e
7ssuan6e o; su63 1an>rupt6y not76e 7n one 7nsert7on 7n t3e G7n *3ew J7t "o3= a 5a7ly *37nese
lan2ua2e newspaper 67r6ulat7n2 7n Jest Malays7a9 &3e GAR also or5ere5 t3at t3e su1st7tute5
ser076e o; t3e 1an>rupt6y not76e s3all 1e 5eeme5 su;;767ent an5 0al75 ser076e on t3e 4u52ment
5e1tor on t3e e:p7ry o; se0en 5ays a;ter t3e last 5ate o; su63 post7n2 or a50ert7sement9 B7nally=
t3e GAR or5ere5 t3at t3e 6osts o; t3e appl76at7on 1e 6osts 7n t3e 6ause9
&3e 4u52ment 5e1tor ;a7le5 to 6omply w7t3 t3e 1an>rupt6y not76e9 &3e 4u52ment 6re57tor t3en too>
out t3e 6re57tor?s pet7t7on stat7n2 t3at t3e 4u52ment 5e1tor was 4ustly an5 truly 7n5e1te5 7n t3e
a22re2ate o;
1. $ )&J 1!/ at 1!6
RM8/=.8F9.8= 1e7n2 t3e amount 5ue on t3e ;7nal 4u52ment 5ate5 8 Au2ust 1992= o1ta7ne5 1y t3e
4u52ment 6re57tor9 &3e 6re57tor?s pet7t7on also state5 t3at t3e 4u52ment 5e1tor ;a7le5 to 6omply
w7t3 t3e 1an>rupt6y not76e 7ssue5 on 1< Au2ust 199. 1y t3e Jo3or )a3ru H723 *ourt 075e
)an>rupt6y $o 29+12./ o; 199. w3763 was ser0e5 on t3e 4u52ment 5e1tor on 28 May 19979 &3e
6re57tor?s pet7t7on state5 t3e a6t o; 1an>rupt6y was 6omm7tte5 on 22 Au2ust 19979 &3e 6re57tor?s
pet7t7on was 5ate5 1/ January 1998 an5 6an 1e seen 7n en6l 279
&3e 4u52ment 5e1tor 63allen2e5 t3e 1an>rupt6y not76e 1y ;7l7n2 en6l 189 &3at en6losure was 7n
;a6t an a;;75a07t ;7le5 on 17 'e6em1er 199. 1y t3e 4u52ment 5e1tor w3763 1ore t3e 6apt7on
?A;;75a07t on an Appl76at7on to Get As75e )an>rupt6y $ot76e?9 En6losure 18 6erta7nly ma>es ;or
<
7nterest7n2 rea57n29 %t state5= 7nter al7a= t3at t3e 1an>rupt6y not76e 7ssue5 on 1< Au2ust 199. was
1a5 7n law an5 o; no e;;e6t as 7t ;a7le5 to 6omply w7t3 t3e pro07s7ons o; t3e )an>rupt6y A6t 19.7
an5 t3e )an>rupt6y Rules 19.99 %t t3en praye5 ;or t3e sett7n2 as75e o; t3e 1an>rupt6y not76e9
&3ere was also a prayer t3at all ;urt3er pro6ee57n2s su1seCuent to t3e 7ssue o; t3e 1an>rupt6y
not76e 1e staye5 unt7l ;7nal 57sposal o; t3e 4u52ment 5e1tor?s appl76at7on to set as75e t3e
1an>rupt6y not76e9 &3e 2roun5s o; t3e appl76at7on were also set out 7n en6l 18 w3763 re;erre5 to
t3e 4u52ment o1ta7ne5 1y t3e 4u52ment 6re57tor on 8 Au2ust 1992 an5 t3e 4u52ment 5e1tor
63allen2e5 t3e ;72ures 7tem7@e5 7n t3at 4u52ment9 %t was t3e 4u52ment 5e1tor?s stan5 t3at 3e 575
not owe any money to t3e 4u52ment 6re57tor as 3e 3a5 settle5 t3e ;ull sum outstan57n2 un5er t3e
63ar2e9 %t was sa75 t3at t3e ;7rst 1an>rupt6y not76e was w7t35rawn on F O6to1er 199. 1y t3e
4u52ment 6re57tor 1ut t37s was ;ollowe5 1y a ;res3 1an>rupt6y not76e9 %t was 5epose5 t3at t3e
4u52ment 6re57tor an5 t3e7r sol767tors were respons71le ;or t3e 4u52ment 5e1tor?s loss 7n personal
reputat7on 6ompute5 at RM898m9 &3e 4u52ment 5e1tor t3en praye5 ;or t3e 57sm7ssal o; t3e
1an>rupt6y not76e w7t3 6osts9
&wo t37n2s must 1e 3723l723te5 7n re2ar5 to en6l 189 B7rstly= 7; 7t was meant to 1e an a;;75a07t to set
as75e t3e 1an>rupt6y not76e= 7t ;a7le5 to ;ollow Borm 7 o; t3e )an>rupt6y Rules 19.99 Ge6on5ly= 7t
merely 5en7e5 t3e Cuantum as set out 7n t3e 4u52ment 5ate5 8 Au2ust 1992= 1ut ;a7le5 to 57s6lose
t3at t3e 4u52ment 5e1tor 3as a 6ounter6la7m= set+o;; or 6ross+5eman5 a2a7nst t3e 4u52ment
6re57tor= a reCu7rement un5er s 8D1ED7E o; t3e )an>rupt6y A6t 19.79 %; aut3or7ty 7s reCu7re5 ;or
t3ese s7mple propos7t7ons= re;eren6e s3oul5 1e ma5e to t3e 6ase o; %atuk &im 'heng 'im (
)alayan Banking Bhd ,1998- 2 MLJ 298= w3ere at p 8/8 o; t3e report Mo3ame5 '@a7557n G*J
3a5 t37s to sayA
Je are 6on6erne5 3ere w7t3 t3e 6ontent o; t3e sa75 a;;75a07t9 lt merely 5en7es an5 57sputes t3at t3e
appellant was 7n5e1te5 to t3e respon5ent 7n t3e sum o; RM2=./8=918928= 1ut ;a7ls to 57s6lose t3at 3e 3as
a 6ounter6la7m= set+o;; or 6ross 5eman5= et6 a2a7nst t3e respon5ent= w3763 3e 7s reCu7re5 to 5epose
un5er s 8D1ED7E o; t3e )an>rupt6y A6t D?t3e A6t?E an5 pro075e5 ;or 7n Borm 79 Bollow7n2 t3e a1o0e 5e67s7on
an5 7n t3e ;a6e o; t3e a1o0e a;;75a07t= we are o; t3e op7n7on t3at t3e sa75 a;;75a07t 6annot operate as an
appl76at7on to set as75e t3e 1an>rupt6y not76e w7t37n t3e 6ontemplat7on o; s 8D1ED7E o; t3e A6t= an5 t3e
1. $ )&J 1!/ at 1!7
6ase s3oul5 3a0e 1een treate5 as 7; no a;;75a07t un5er r 9< 3a5 7n ;a6t 1een ;7le59
At para 792 o; en6l 18= t3e 4u52ment 5e1tor merely 5epose5 as ;ollowsA
&3e 4u52ment 6re57tor o1ta7ne5 4u52ment a2a7nst Lun5an2 Realty G5n )35 an5 ot3erDsE 7n Jo3or )a3ru
H723 *ourt *707l Gu7t $o 22+2<9 o; 1991 ;or RM12/=9189F2 on t3e o0er5ra;t a66ount an5 RM1.8=/9897.
on t3e ;7:e5 loans a66ount o; Lun5an2 Realty G5n )359 &3e two sums 7n t3e sa75 4u52ment are 7n6orre6t
1e7n2 6al6ulate5 not a66or57n2 to t3e letter o; o;;er o; t3e 5e;en5ant 5ate5 8 O6to1er 199/9 % en6lose5
letter o; o;;er 5ate5 8 O6to1er 199/ mar>e5 ?GAL+1?9
"art76ulars
a O0er5ra;t was o;;ere5 as ;ollowsA
D7E RM8<=/// at 7nterest o; )LR K FHpa
D77E RM8/=/// at 7nterest o; )LR K 2Hpa
D777E E:6ess o; o0er5ra;t at 7nterest o; )LR K FHpa
1 B7:e5 loans were o;;ere5 at 7nterest o; )LR K 2Hpa
an5 7n a 1an>rupt6y pro6ee57n2= t37s 6ourt 6erta7nly 6annot 2o 1e37n5 t3e 4u52ment 5ate5 8
Au2ust 19929 &3e t3en Gupreme *ourt 7n t3e 6ase o; *o(ereign +eneral ,nsurance *dn Bhd (
'oh -ian Bee ,1988- 1 MLJ 8/F 7n stron2 lan2ua2e 6ast72ate5 t3e tr7al 6ourt ;or 2o7n2 1e37n5 t3e
.
4u52ment9 &37s was w3at t3e Gupreme *ourt sa75 t3rou23 Lee Hun Hoe *J D)orneoE at p 8/< o;
t3e reportA
%n t3e e:er67se o; 37s 4ur7s576t7on 7n 1an>rupt6y pro6ee57n2s= t3e learne5 4u52e 6annot 2o 1e37n5 t3e
4u52ment9 &3us on an appl76at7on to set as75e a 1an>rupt6y not76e= 7t was la75 5own as early as 1898 t3at
t3e 6ourt 6oul5 not 2o 1e37n5 t3e 4u52ment9 Gee Re 8aston D1898E 1/ Mor 111 9 &LR F/99 E0en 7; t3ere
3as 1een an 7rre2ular7ty 7n t3e ser076e o; t3e not76e o; sale= 7t 7s not open to t3e respon5ent 7n t37s 6ase to
63allen2e t3e e:e6ut7on pro6ee57n2s9 #n5er s 8D1ED7E o; t3e )an>rupt6y A6t 19.7= a 5e1tor 6omm7ts a6t
o; 1an>rupt6y 7; a 6re57tor 3as o1ta7ne5 a ;7nal 4u52ment ;or any amount an5 3as ser0e5 on 37m a
1an>rupt6y not76e reCu7r7n2 37m to pay t3e 4u52ment 5e1t or sum or5ere5 to 1e pa75 7n a66or5an6e w7t3
t3e terms o; t3e 4u52ment9
)e;ore me= 7n 63am1ers= t3e 4u52ment 5e1tor too> e:6ept7on to t3e ;a6t t3at a ;res3 1an>rupt6y
not76e was 7ssue59 &3e s3ort answer 6an 1e ;oun5 7n t3e 6ase o; Re #redericke and Whitworth"
ex p 0ibbard ,1927- 1 *3 2<89 &3at 6ase 1r7e;ly state5 t3at w3ere a pet7t7on7n2 6re57tor 3as
7ssue5 an5 ser0e5 upon a 5e1tor a 1an>rupt6y not76e w3763 3as not 1een 6ompl7e5 w7t3= 3e 7s not
t3ere1y pre6lu5e5 ;rom 7ssu7n2 an5 ser07n2 a se6on5 1an>rupt6y not76e upon t3e 5e1tor 7n
respe6t o; t3e same 5e1t an5 t3e 5e1tor 7s not ent7tle5 to e:6use 37msel; ;rom 6ompl7an6e w7t3
t3e se6on5 not76e on t3e 2roun5 t3at t3ere 7s an e:7st7n2 a0a7la1le a6t o; 1an>rupt6y un5er t3e
;7rst not76e9
&3e 4u52ment 5e1tor too ra7se5 up anot3er tr707al po7nt9 %t was po7nte5 out t3at t3e 1an>rupt6y
not76e was not re27stere5 nor s72ne5 1y t3e 1an>rupt6y 6ler>9 A perusal o; t3at 1an>rupt6y not76e
part76ularly at p . 7n576ates t3at only t3e GAR s72ne5 t3at not76e an5 t3e seal o; t3e H723 *ourt
appears t3ere7n9 %n5ee5= t3ere 7s no le2al reCu7rement un5er t3e
1. $ )&J 1!/ at 1!9
)an>rupt6y A6t 19.7 or e0en un5er t3e )an>rupt6y Rules 19.9 ;or t3e 1an>rupt6y 6ler> to s72n
t3e 1an>rupt6y not76e9
%n re2ar5 to t3e 6re57tor?s pet7t7on= t3ere was no 1as7s at all ;or t37s 6ourt a6t7n2 7n 7ts 1an>rupt6y
4ur7s576t7on to str7>e out t3e 6re57tor?s pet7t7on9 %t must 1e 1orne 7n m7n5= ;or ;ear o; repet7t7on= t3at
t3e 4u52ment 5ate5 8 Au2ust 1992 was not sat7s;7e5 an5 e:e6ut7on t3ereo; was also not staye59 %
am 7n no pos7t7on to 57spute t3e 4u52ment 5ate5 8 Au2ust 19929 At t37s 4un6ture= 7t 7s 2ermane to
repro5u6e passa2es ;rom t3e 4u52ment o; Lee Hun Hoe *J D)orneoE 7n t3e 6ase o; *o(ereign
+eneral ,nsurance *dn Bhd ( 'oh -ian Bee o; t3e reportA
Burt3er= we 5o not t37n> 7t 7s open to t3e learne5 4u52e 7n t3e e:er67se o; 37s 4ur7s576t7on 7n 1an>rupt6y
pro6ee57n2s to str7>e out t3e 6re57tors? pet7t7on 1y 57sput7n2 t3e 0al757ty o; t3e or5ers ma5e 7n earl7er
e:e6ut7on pro6ee57n2s w3en t3e or5ers 3a5 not 1een set as75e9 &37s 7s part76ularly so w3en t3ere 3as
1een no appl76at7on 1y t3e respon5ent to set as75e t3e e:e6ut7on or5ers9 &3e two or5ers were ma5e on
2< January 198/ an5 2/ June 198/9 )y an or5er 5ate5 2< January 198/= t3e s3ares 7n t3e respon5ent?s
name were ta>en 7n e:e6ut7on an5 7ssue5 7n t3e s3er7;;?s name9 #nless an5 unt7l t37s or5er 3as 1een set
as75e= 7t 7s 17n57n2 an5 e;;e6t70e9 &3e respon5ent 3as not at any t7me ta>en any step to 3a0e 7t set as75e9
As Lor5 '7plo6>= 5el70er7n2 t3e 4u52ment o; t3e "r70y *oun67l= 7n ,saacs ( Robertson ,198F- 8 All ER 1F/
e:pla7ne5 7n t3e ;ollow7n2 passa2e at p 1F8A
?&3e7r Lor5s37ps woul5= 3owe0er= ta>e t37s opportun7ty to po7nt out t3at 7n relat7on to
or5ers o; a 6ourt o; unl7m7te5 4ur7s576t7on 7t 7s m7slea57n2 to see> to 5raw 57st7n6t7ons
1etween or5ers t3at are ?0o75? 7n t3e sense t3at t3ey 6an 1e 72nore5 w7t3 7mpun7ty 1y
t3ose persons to w3om t3ey are a55resse5= an5 or5ers t3at are ?0o75a1le? an5 may 1e
en;or6e5 unless an5 unt7l t3ey are set as75e 9999?
A;ter po7nt7n2 out t3at 7n ne7t3er o; t3e two "r70y *oun67l 6ases o; )arsh ( )arsh ,19F<- A* 271 an5
)ac#oy ( :nited Africa 3o &td ,19.2- A* 1<2 nor 7n any ot3er 6ase 6oul5 7t 1e ;oun5 t3at any or5er o; a
6ourt o; unl7m7te5 4ur7s576t7on 3a5 1een 3el5 to ;all 7n a 6ate2ory o; 6ourt or5ers t3at 6oul5 1e 72nore5
1e6ause t3ey were 0o75 7pso ;a6to w7t3out t3ere 1e7n2 any nee5 ;or pro6ee57n2s to 3a0e t3em set as75e=
3e went on to stressA
7
?999 &3e 6ontrast7n2 le2al 6on6epts o; 0o75ness an5 0o75a17l7ty ;orm part o; t3e En2l7s3
law o; 6ontra6t9 &3ey are 7nappl76a1le to or5ers ma5e 1y a 6ourt o; unl7m7te5 4ur7s576t7on
7n t3e 6ourse o; 6ontent7ous l7t72at7on9 Gu63 an or5er 7s e7t3er 7rre2ular or re2ular9 %; 7t 7s
7rre2ular= 7t 6an 1e set as75e 1y t3e 6ourt t3at ma5e 7t on appl76at7on to t3at 6ourt 7; 7t 7s
re2ular= 7t 6an only 1e set as75e 1y an appellate 6ourt on appeal 7; t3ere 7s one to w3763
an appeal l7es9?
An 7rre2ular7ty or ;ormal 5e;e6t 7n t3e 4u52ment 7s no su;;767ent reason ;or 2o7n2 1e37n5 7tA Re Beauchamp
,19/F- 1 K) <729 As a 2eneral pr7n67ple= t3e 0al757ty o; t3e 4u52ment 5e1t w7ll only 1e 7nCu7re5 7nto w3en
t3ere 7s e075en6e o; ;rau5 or 6ollus7on or m7s6arr7a2e o; 4ust76eA Re #latau D1889E 22 L)' 88 Re 0owell
D191<E 8F LJK) 18999
%t 7s not 6lear w3et3er t3e respon5ent was also ma>7n2 a 6ross 5eman5 or 63allen27n2 t3e amount
a6tually ow7n2 as 6ounsel ;or t3e respon5ent 6onten5e5 t3at all or5ers ma5e pre07ously were null an5
0o759 %; t3e respon5ent was ma>7n2 a 6ross+5eman5= 3e must Cuant7;y 7t9 He 4ust 6oul5
1. $ )&J 1!/ at 1!!
not 6ome to 6ourt an5 sa75 37s s3ares were wort3 6ons75era1ly more9 &3e 1ur5en o; proo; 7s on t3e
respon5ent to s3ow 1y t3e a;;75a07t or a;;75a07ts t3ree t37n2s w3763 were state5 6learly 1y Jarner J 7n Re
a debtor 1No $9N of 1.5" Warrington4" ex p -he %ebtor ( National Westminster Bank ,1988- 8 All ER
<F< at p <<8 as ;ollowsA
?999 B7rst= t3e a;;75a07t or a;;75a07ts must s3ow t3at 3e 3as a 6ross+5eman5 a2a7nst t3e
6re57tor w3763 7s 2enu7ne9 &o sat7s;y t3at reCu7rement= t3e 6ross+5eman5 must 1e put
;orwar5 7n 2oo5 ;a7t3 an5 must 3a0e a reasona1le pro1a17l7ty o; su66ess= or= as 7t 3as
also 1een e:presse5= must 270e r7se to a 3&0,%(# 7ssue9 %n t3e latter respe6t= t3ere 7s no
3ar5 an5 ;ast rule as to t3e 5e2ree o; proo; reCu7re59 %t 5epen5s 7n ea63 6ase on t3e
part76ular ;a6ts an5 67r6umstan6es o; t3at 6ase9 Ge6on5= t3e a;;75a07t or a;;75a07ts must
s3ow t3at t3e 6ross+5eman5 6oul5 not 3a0e 1een set up 7n t3e a6t7on 7n w3763 t3e
4u52ment rel7e5 on 1y t3e 6re57tor was o1ta7ne59 &37r5= t3e a;;75a07t or a;;75a07ts must
s3ow t3at t3e 6ross+5eman5 nee5 not 1e ;or a l7Cu75ate5 sum or e0en ;or a sum o;
money at all9 )ut 7t must 1e 6apa1le o; 1e7n2 Cuant7;7e5 7n terms o; money an5 t3e
a;;75a07t or a;;75a07ts must Cuant7;y 7t9?
"ro07so D77E to su1+s D2E o; s 8 rea5sA
? A 1an>rupt6y not76e un5er t37s a6t s3all 1e 7n t3e pres6r71e5 ;orm an5 s3all state t3e
6onseCuen6es o; non+6ompl7an6e t3erew7t3 an5 s3all 1e ser0e5 7n t3e pres6r71e5
mannerA
"ro075e5 t3at a 1an>rupt6y not76e ++
D7E 999
D77E s3all not 1e 7n0al75ate5 1y reason only t3at t3e sum spe67;7e5 7n t3e not76e as t3e
amount 5ue e:6ee5s t3e amount a6tually 5ue unless t3e 5e1tor w7t37n t3e t7me allowe5
;or payment 270es not76e to t3e 6re57tor t3at 3e 57sputes t3e 0al757ty o; t3e not76e on t3e
2roun5 o; su63 m7sta>e 1ut 7; t3e 5e1tor 5oes not 270e su63 not76e 3e s3all 1e 5eeme5
to 3a0e 6ompl7e5 w7t3 t3e 1an>rupt6y not76e= 7; w7t37n t3e t7me allowe5 3e ta>es su63
steps as woul5 3a0e 6onst7tute5 6ompl7an6e w7t3 t3e not76e 3a5 t3e a6tual amount 5ue
1een 6orre6tly spe67;7e5 t3ere7n9?
#n5er pro07so D77E= a not76e 5eman57n2 a 2reater amount woul5 not 1e l7a1le to 1e 3el5 1a5 an5 7n6apa1le
o; amen5ment9
Williams and )uir 0unter on -he &aw and ;ractice of Bankruptcy D19t3 E5E at p F92 un5er t3e 3ea57n2
?Bormal 'e;e6t $ot &o %n0al75ate "ro6ee57n2s?= re;ers to s 1F7D7E o; t3e En2l7s3 )an>rupt6y A6t 191F
w3763 7s wor5 ;or wor5 t3e same as our s 181A
?1F7D7E $o pro6ee57n2 7n 1an>rupt6y s3all 1e 7n0al75ate5 1y any ;ormal 5e;e6t or 1y 7rre2ular7ty= unless t3e 6ourt 1e;ore w3763
an o14e6t7on 7s ma5e to t3e pro6ee57n2 7s o; op7n7on t3at su1stant7al 7n4ust76e 3as 1een 6ause5 1y t3e 5e;e6t or
7rre2ular7ty= an5 t3at t3e 7n4ust76e 6annot 1e reme57e5 1y any or5er o; t3at 6ourt9?
8
J3ere a 1an>rupt6y not76e 3as 1een ser0e5= an5 not 6ompl7e5 w7t3= 7n respe6t o; a 4u52ment 5e1t w3763
3as su1seCuently 1een re5u6e5 on appeal= t3at re5u6t7on 5oes not retrospe6t70ely per se 6ause t3e
not76e to 1e6ome 5e;e6t70e or 7rre2ular= so as to reCu7re t3e prote6t7on o; t37s se6t7on9
&3e respon5ent 2a0e not76e o; 7ntent7on to oppose t3e pet7t7on 1ut ma5e no ment7on o; any 7rre2ular7ty9 %t
7s ;a7r to say t3at 7; one wants to 63allen2e
1. $ )&J 1!/ at 1!$
t3e 0al757ty o; a 1an>rupt6y not76e= one must 270e proper not76e9 Je are una1le= as t3e respon5ent ur2e5
us= to say t3at t3e 1an>rupt6y not76e 7s 7rre2ular an5 7n0al75 an5 t3at t3e respon5ent 3as not 6omm7tte5
an a6t o; 1an>rupt6y w7t37n t3e mean7n2 o; s 8D1ED6E o; t3e )an>rupt6y A6t 19.7 ent7tl7n2 t3e pet7t7on7n2
6re57tors to pet7t7on 3ere7n9
Bor reasons 270en= we allowe5 t3e appeal9
&3ese rat3er lon2 passa2es ser0e as a solemn rem7n5er t3at 7t woul5 not 1e an easy tas> to
63allen2e t3e 1an>rupt6y not76e an5 t3e 6re57tor?s pet7t7on9 &3e 4u52ment 5e1tor must now real7@e
t3at 3e was 2o7n2 on an up37ll tas> 7n 37s attempts to appeal a2a7nst t3e 5e67s7ons o; t3e GAR?s as
e:empl7;7e5 7n en6l 88 Dw3ere t3e 4u52ment 5e1tor?s appl76at7on to oppose t3e 6re57tor?s pet7t7on
was 57sm7sse5 1y t3e GAR w7t3 6ostsE an5 en6l F/ Dw3ere t3e GAR 57sm7sse5 t3e 4u52ment
5e1tor?s appl76at7on to set as75e t3e 1an>rupt6y not76eE9 %n675entally= en6ls 88 an5 F/ were
appeals 1y t3e 4u52ment 5e1tor to t3e 4u52e 7n 63am1ers an5 t3e su1m7ss7ons were 6on5u6te5
personally 1y t3e 4u52ment 5e1tor w37le M5m Go3 Mey Boon a6te5 on 1e3al; o; t3e 4u52ment
6re57tor9
&3e 4u52ment 5e1tor was most un3appy w7t3 t3e ;72ures t3at appeare5 7n t3e 1an>rupt6y not76e 7n
en6l 8 an5 3e su1m7tte5 t3at t3ese ;72ures 575 not tally w7t3 t3e 4u52ment 6re57tor?s 1an>7n2
a66ounts as e:3717te5 7n e:3717t mar>e5 ?GAL+<? 7n t3e a;;75a07t ent7tle5 ?A;;75a07t A2a7nst *re57tor?s
"et7t7on? ;7le5 1y t3e 4u52ment 5e1tor on 8 July 1998 as seen 7n en6l 8/9 As t3e 2o7n2 2ot tou23=
t3e 4u52ment 5e1tor 3a5 t3e au5a67ty to la1el t3e learne5 6ounsel ;or t3e 4u52ment 6re57tor as a
?l7ar?9 Gu63 5ero2atory remar> was un6alle5 ;or an5 must surely 1e ma5e 7n t3e 3eat o; pass7on 7n
t3e 6ourse o; an oral su1m7ss7on9 %t must 1e emp3as7@e5 t3at t3e 1an>7n2 a66ounts o; t3e
4u52ment s3owe5 ;72ures w3763 were 3723er t3an t3ose 6re57tor 6la7me5 1y t3e 4u52ment 6re57tor
7n t3e 1an>rupt6y not76e9 &3e ;72ures 7n t3e 1an>rupt6y not76e were 6ompute5 on t3e 1as7s o; t3e
4u52ment 5ate5 8 Au2ust 1992 an5= 6onseCuently= t3ese were t3e 6orre6t ;72ures9 E0en Lee Hun
Hoe *J D)orneoE 7n Go0ere72n General %nsuran6e G5n )35 0 Ko3 &7an )ee 3a5 o66as7on to
remar> 7n t3e 6onte:t o; t3e part76ulars o; 5e1t 7n t3e 1an>rupt6y not76e t3at t3e Cuantum ?w7ll
3a0e to 1e 6orre6te5 w3en t3e ;7nal amount 7s wor>e5 out? Dsee p 8/F r723t 3an5 6olumn 1etween
?G? to ?H?E9 At any rate= as % sa75 t3e 63allen2e to t3e 1an>rupt6y not76e was mounte5 7n 1rea63 o;
Borm 7 o; t3e )an>rupt6y Rules 19.9 rea5 w7t3 s 8D1ED7E o; t3e )an>rupt6y A6t 19.79
Bor t3ese 0ar7e5 reasons= % 57sm7sse5 en6ls 88 an5 F/ w7t3 6osts9
Application dismissed<
Reporte5 1y Ja;7sa3 Jaa;ar

You might also like