Assalamualaikum

Pre Hospital Trauma

Keperawatan Gawat Darurat I

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General Trauma Assessment
1. Scene size up
2. Initial assessment/ primary survey
3. Rapid trauma survey or focus
assessment/ secondary survey
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Scene size up
Universal precaution?
Lihat keadaan sekitar
Prioritas utama: keselamatan penolong
lingkungan yang aman untuk bekerja
Initial triage. Berapa jumlah korban?
Mekanisme cedera?
Rapid extrication?
Aktifkan EMS
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Alat yang diperlukan
Proteksi penolong
Long back board/scoop stretcher
Cervical collar
OPT, suction
Oksigen

Cervical collar

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Oropharyngeal tube

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Airway Equipment

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Dressing and Bandages

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Long Back Board

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Scoop stretcher

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Primary survey
Gambaran umum korban
Tentukan respon pasien tingkat
kesadaran AVPU
Kaji airway, breathing & circulation
lakukan tindakan jika terdapat gangguan
bebaskan airway, stabilkan spine, support
pernafasan dan kontrol perdarahan mayor
Tentukan prioritas keputusan transfer
ke trauma centre
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Rapid Trauma Survey
Pemeriksaan secara sistematis dari
kepala, leher, dada, abdomen, pelvis dan
ekstremitas dengan melihat, mendengar,
meraba untuk menemukan kasus life
threatening
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Secondary survey
SAMPLE (Symptoms, Allergies, Medications,
Past medical history, Last oral intake, Events
preceding the incident)
Vital sign
Deformities, Contusion, Abrasion, Penetration,
Burn, Laceration, Swelling (DCAP-BLS)
Tenderness, Instability, Crepitation (TIC)
Pulse, Movement, Sensation (PMS)
LOC AVPU
Pulse oxymetry
Intervensi lanjut: balut & bidai

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Critical Interventions and
Transport Decision
1. Initial assessment
Penurunan kesadaran
Respirasi abnormal
Sirkulasi abnormal syok, perdarahan tidak terkontrol
2. Rapid trauma survey
Abnormal chest exam flail chest, etc
Tender/distended abdomen
Pelvic instability
Bilateral femur fractures
3. High risk group

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Transport
Jenis transportasi?
Transfer ke trauma centre berdasar
prioritas pasien!
Wassalamualaikum
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