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Optimization GSM
Statistic Handling Tool NWS (C); SPOS&Turle, Statics (I)
Training
DESIGN & ROLLOUT PHASE
Network Integration Test
Parameter Settings:
• MS, BTS Power Control
• HCS
• Idle Mode Behavior
• Locating Algorithm
• Frequency Hopping
• Intra-cell Handover
OPERATION & IMPROVEMENT
PHASE
Verification of Network Changes
Clear objective Check equipment Save logfile Find problem Give answer
areas to objective
Why should this Get input files Take notes
measurement be Find solutions
Prepare route Monitor
done
External Antenna?
Statistics
Report
Analysis
Problem Cases
Low Signal Strength
• Interference
• Handover
• Call Setup Failure
• Dropped Call
• Misc.
Signal Strength Case
TEMS
INPUT Logfiles
• Identify areas with low signal strength e.g. SS < -100dBm (outdoor)
• Look at RxLev distribution (for acceptance)
• Compare with design level or new requirements
Signal Strength Case
– Possible Reasons
• Shadowed Antenna
• Antenna Direction
• Antenna Height / down tilt
• Output Power
• Missing Neighbor Relation
• Site Location
• Faulty Hardware e.g. antenna & TMA
• Cell is down
Signal Strength Case
– Analysis
Shadowed Antenna Output Power Faulty Hardware
Visit site Check output power Check alarm & BTS Error
Check antenna installation Parameters log
Add reduce down tilt? Is the call dragged? Possible to move site?
Can antenna be placed Is low SS due to missing New antenna location at
lower or higher to give neighbor relations same site? Is it necessary to
better coverage? expand and build a new
site?
Signal Strength Case
– Possible Solutions
• Change parameter BSPWR , BSPWRT.
• Add neighbor relation.
• Physical changes:
• Antenna direction
• Antenna height, tilt or position
• New site as last option.
Interference Case
TEMS
INPUT Logfiles
BCCH 590
BCCH 590
BCCH 590
BCCH 590
Interference Case
– Possible Reasons
• Poor frequency plan
• No dominant cell --> low C/I ---> increased Rxqual
• Frequency Hopping is off
• External interference e.g. jammer
Look for:
CELL A CELL B
• No dominant server
• Locating penalty settings
e.g. PSSBQ, PTIMBQ
• Too small hysterisis
setting
Repeated Handover (Ping Pong)
– Possible Solutions
Antenna direction
Antenna Tilts
Hysterisis
CELL A CELL B
Handover
From A to B
Handover Case
– Handover Reversion
Handover command?
BSC
610_12
606_33
610_31 610_31
Serving cell
Neighbor cell 2
Neighbor cell 1
608_32
608_32
Road
Handover Reversion
– Other Reasons
Uplink interference in target cell
Downlink interference at MS
Solutions
Interference Investigation
• MRR
• Statistics
• Scanning
Handover Case
– Repeated Intra-cell Handover
Possible Reasons
Wrong intra-cell handover settings
External Uplink Interference
Possible Solutions
Consider to change parameters:
• SSOFFSETUL, SSOFFSETDL
• QOFFSETUL, QOFFSETDL
A wrong setting of parameters will cause “unnecessary” IHO
Turn off Intra-cell Handover?
Handover Case
– Unrealistic Handover
Unrealistic Handover
– Reason & Solution
Possible Reasons
Wrong locating settings, in Serving or Target cell
Note: Could be on purpose e.g. Dual Band network with HCS
Solution
• Fix locating settings e.g. MSRXSUFF, BSRXSUFF
Call Setup Failure
Call Setup Failure
– Input Activities, Initial Tuning
Activities
Measurement Type
•Large Area Drive Test
Initial Tuning
•Short Call Sequences
(Acceptance Test)
Analysis
• Since DL SS & Rxqual is good
Suspect UL problems e.g. external uplink interference
Conclusion
TMA power turned off
Miscellaneous Case 2
From TEMS Logfile
• TCH has lower Signal strength than BCCH (Own BCCH included in
BA-list)
• BTS power control = OFF
Conclusion
Antenna cable for TCH is swapped between sectors (CDU-A)
SEKTOR C
Configuration/cell
SEKTOR A
TCH
TCH
TCH
TCH
TCH
TCH
TCH
TCH
CHG1
SDCCH\8
BCCH
CHG0
TCH
TCH
TCH
TCH
TCH
TCH
SEKTOR B
Miscellaneous Case 3
From TEMS Logfile
• Fail to perform Call Setup
Analysis
• Check if any success call setup to the same cell No
• Check if handover is possible Yes
• Suspected wrong cell definition in MSC but Cell is properly
defined in MCS and LA
Conclusion
• Corrupted block in MSC
GPRS Verification &
Optimization
with TEMS Investigation
GPRS Measurement Activities
• GPRS Performance Prediction
• GPRS Field Measurement
GPRS Performance Prediction
- Overview
• GPRS RNAP Service uses TEMS Inv to predict
following performance:
– Throughput
– Cell Reselection & Routing Area Update
GPRS Throughput Prediction
• Perform Throughput prediction for each
coding scheme
Cell Reselection Prediction
• Dedicated mode drive
test
HO types
LA HO (10)
HO int. (220)
LA HO at BQ (1)
HO int. at BQ (11)
BSC3 serving
Other BSC
Cell Reselection Prediction
• BCCH Scanning
• Simulate the cell update with different CRH
values CRH = 4 dB CRH = 8 dB
CRH # HO
0 365
2 246
4 211
6 178
8 156
10 147
12 138
14 130
GPRS Field Measurement
- Procedure
Set up files
TEMS,
IP Sniffers GIMS
…
Excel
Report
GPRS Field Measurement
- Type of Measurements
• Application Performance Test
– Ping
– WWW
– FTP
– WAP
• Mobility Performance Investigation
– Cell Reselection
– RA Update
GPRS Field Measurement
- Application Performance Test
• Attached performance
– Attached Time = Attach Complete msg – Attach
Request msg
– Attach Success Rate
• PDP context activation performance
– PDP context activation = Activate PDP Context
Accept msg – Activate PDP context request
• Throughput on RLC level
•
GPRS Application Test Tools
• General
– Windump, Commview, Ethereal, Protocol Analyser
for Gb
• PING
– MS DOS ping command
• WWW
– IE, Netscape
• FTP
– DOS FTP, WS_FTP, TEMS built in sequence
GPRS Field Measurement
- Mobility Performance
Investigation
• Number of Cell Reselection & RA Update
• TCP Outage Time
• Cell Reselection Failure
Mobility test CRH = 4, CRO = 4
Cell Reselection. Sample Report
Routing Area Time Cell Target Reselection Result Comments
Cell time
BSC1 16:30:42 D0241A D0241C 2s OK NA
BSC1 16:33:18 D0241B D0242A 2s OK NA
BSC1 16:35:04 D0242A D0248C 21 s OK This cell reselection was
made to a cell located quite
far away (not the closest),
thus the RxLev was quite
bad!
BSC1 16:37:44 D0244B D0248C -- NA No throughput before or
after the cell reselection.
This is due to that the cell
DF0242B were halted by
some reason!
BSC1 16:38:11 D0248C D0244B -- Failed The through put was never
resumed and the FTP
connection was aborted by
the ftp-server!