Trigonometric Identities

By David Coppit
http://www.cs.virginia.edu/~dwc3q
/ |
h / |
/ |o
/t_____|
a
sin(t) = o/h
cos(t) = b/c
tan(t) = sin(t)/cos(t)
= a/b
csc(t) = 1/sin(t) = c/a
sec(t) = 1/cos(t) = c/b
cot(t) = 1/tan(t) = b/a
--------------------------------------
sin(-x) = -sin(x)
cos(-x) = cos(x)
tan(-x) = -tan(x)
csc(-x) = -csc(x)
sec(-x) = sec(x)
cot(-x) = -cot(x)
--------------------------------------
sin^2(x) + cos^2(x) = 1
tan^2(x) + 1 = sec^2(x)
cot^2(x) + 1 = csc^2(x)
--------------------------------------
sin(x +- y) = sin x cos y +- cos x sin y
cos(x +- y) = cos x cosy -+ sin x sin y
tan(x +- y) = (tan x +- tan y) /
(1 -+ tan x tan y)
sin(2x) = 2 sin x cos x
cos(2x) = cos^2(x) - sin^2(x)
= 2 cos^2(x) - 1
= 1 - 2 sin^2(x)
tan(2x) = 2 tan(x) / (1 - tan^2(x))
sin(x/2) = sqrt( 1/2 - 1/2 cos x )
cos(x/2) = sqrt( 1/2 + 1/2 cos x )
sin x - sin y = 2 sin( (x-y)/2 )
cos( (x+y)/2 )
cos x - cos y = -2 sin( (x-y)/2 )
sin( (x+y)/2 )
--------------------------------------
/\
/ C \
b / \ a
/ \
/A _________ B\
c
Law of Sines:
a/sin(A) = b/sin(B) = c/sin(C)
Law of Cosines:
c^2 = a^2 + b^2 - 2ab cos(C)
b^2 = a^2 + c^2 - 2ac cos(B)
a^2 = b^2 + c^2 - 2bc cos(A)
--------------------------------------
**Trig Table of Common Angles**
angle: 0 30 45 60 90
sin^2(a) 0 1/4 2/4 3/4 1
cos^2(a) 1 3/4 2/4 1/4 0
tan^2(a) 1 1/3 1 3 4