kXyw \oXn {]mam-Ww

No

22

hcn-kwJy
H {]Xn : 25 cq]
hjw : 100 cq]
Zznhjw : 200 cq]
hntZiw : 500 cq]

ln.1435 dPv_v da-fzm

2014 sabv Pqsse

saUn- tImtf-Pn-s\bpw
hnip--]-Z-hn-bn-te-p-bpI .................. 8
ac-W-s--h Pohn-p--sX-s\? .......... 12
em \-_n _AvZo'
F\np tijw \_n-bn Xs ................ 16
am-an-m {]]-h
- y-h amp-h
- ...... 27
amXr-\n! {]IrXn hncp-X! ..................... 31
J_-dnse in ......................................... 37
Xdm-holv: sI. sP. bp. hns ^Xvh ........ 40
ahm-Jo-p-en-mkn ................................... 41
\ap-sm-cp-anp t]mcmSmw ....................... 43
\mi-aS- b
- p {]Ir-Xnbpw
\mi-an-m Cuiz-c\pw ........................... 45
kwKo-Xhpw D]-I-c-W-fpw...................... 47
apow hn[hbp-sS "C'sbp-dnv
Nne-Nn--I ............................................. 49
Ime-am-a- d- n-bm tIcf lnem Inn . 54
F.-F.-kp--an-sb
`n-p--h-cm-scm-s? ........................... 56
Dp-ldmw \_n-bpsS D-_p Xs
idlp apkvenw .......................................... 61
JmZn-bm-\n-bpsS s]cpw-I-- ............. 64
_lp-`m-cymXzw \oXn-s-Xntcm? ................ 67
ssZhnI ZrjvSm-
- Iap-n! ....... 69
D-bpsS Imo-gn-emWv kzKw ........... 72
Kw`o-cao \
- m-a
- ..................................... 74

CkvemanI _mv
bmYmy-am-Ip-tm

hnpw sImSp-hm-fpw

- nse
62 hnNn-\w hmcn-Ib

\bn ba _w

51 apPm-lnZv ]nfn-tev

19

33

23 {io\m-cm-b-W-Kp-cp-hns
ssZh-Z-i-Ihpw
Xzco-J-p-Im-cpsS
emC-eml C-mbpw

tcmK-
ipo-I-c-W--

Vol: 1 Issue: 8 Reg. No. KERMAL 14999/11/1/2012-TC RNI No. 2012/45754 Price Rs. 25/-

No^v FUn-
{]^. tUm. Sn.-hn. tImb-pn ^mdqJn
alfanarmagazine@gmail.com
Mail: hitechdtp@gmail.com

drkkfarooqui@gmail.com

A^-\m
^mdqJv tImtfPv ]n.-H.
tImgn-tmSv 673 632
tIc-f, Cy.
0495 2441429, 9446258195

Un.-n.-]n & teHuv : sslsSIv Npw: 9947 41 46 47

Ip-I

A^-\m C\nbpw Pm{KssX

A^-\m FUn- AhIv,

\nkm AlvaZv Xe-tcn- Fgp-Xnb Iv ImWp-hm-\n-Sb
- m-bn. ""C\nbp-ff e-n B hnjbw (N-{-am-k\
- nbw, Ie-) thWsa-n- F-`n-{]m-bs
- -Spp''. Ctlw th{X Nnn-m-sX-bm-WnXv
]d-bp-s
- Xp hyw. N{-n-X
- n-Is
- f-
- n-bp-ff t_m[w apkveow
temIp \jvSs-n-cn-p-p. Cu Ime-L-
- n Cu hnjbw C\nbp-ff e-f
- n Hgn-hm-W
- s
- a-mWv Atlw A`n-{]m-bs
- -Sp-Xv.
C-gn Ppam-Zn A amkw XpS-n-bXv FmWv Fp teJ-I\p sXfn-bnm ]ptam? Am-lp-hns {]]-h
- y-h
bpw Iev]\
- {- ]-Im-chpw Cu amkw XpSnbXv Rmb-dm-gvNb
- m-Wv. kuZn-At- d-_y-bnepw Ata-cn-b
- nepw Rmb-dmgvN Ppam-Zn A
XpS-n-b-tm ChnsS Cy-bn XpS-n-bXp Xn-fm-gvN-bm-Wv. ]ntbpw Nne-bn-S-fn sNmm-gvNb
- pw. CXn \npw a\-n-em-bXv teJ-I\pw temIv Cp Pohn-n-cn-pff aX-]
n-X
- mpw Fp th ]e tUmIvSt- d-p-I t\Snb Bfp-Ip t]mepw
XnXnt_m[w \jvSs
- -n-pv Fm-Wv.
kuZn-bnse ^lZv cmPm-hn\p tUm. Da A^vkepw Iqcpw DpJpdm Ie-
\nb-a
- amp-hm Fgp-XnbX-Sn-m-\
- n imkv{Xo-bI
- e
-
- \nb-a
- Ah amn
shbvp-Ibpw sNbvX hnhcw teJ-I\v Adnbn-. teJ-I ]d-bp-Xp Xmsg sImSp-pXp icn-bm-sW-m-tWm?
1435H - 15 Rmb | 1435H - 15 Xn | 1435H - 15 sNm.
Hscm Xn-Xnp aqv Znh-k
- .

CXp icn-bm-sWp hmZn-p--hsc t_m[y-s-Sp-p-hm N{-am-k-s--n-bp-ff

At\Iw teJ-\
- A^-\m-dn \nc-cw C\nbpw hcp-sap {]Xo-n-p-p.
Fw. Aen-a-Wn-Iv^m

k-ao amknI
""apPmlnZv {]m-\s XIm kwL-S\
- b
- n Ib-dn-q-Snb apkven-bm-
- msc
Xncn-d
- n-bm Ign-bmsX hXpw, kpn-I ke-^n-If
- mbn Ishv sNbvXXpw Ahn-izm-k
- Xulo-Zns Im-Sn-bn-eqsS ImWm {ian-p-Xpw apPm-lnZv ]n-X
- m
a\-n-em-msX t]mbn'' F Fw.-F. amd-t-cn-bpsS A`n-{]mbw (A^-\m ew 21)
\qdp iX-am\w icn-bmbn tXmp-p. sFIy-kwLw t\Xm- cq]o-Ic
- n tIcfm \Zvhp apPm-ln-Zo Hcp \qmv ]nn-Sp-tm ]nfp-Isf A`n-ap-Jo-Ic
- n-tn hXv
ta]-d Xncn-d
- nhv \jvSs
- -h
- kwL-S\m Xe-v Fn-bX
- p-sImv Xs-bmWv
Fv Ctm-gs kw`h hnIm-k
- hnfn-tm-Xp-p. hn-hI
- c
- hpw bmYmy-t_m-[yap-Xpw kXy-k
- h
- p-amb \ncq-]Ww \S-nb teJ-I\p A`n-\
- \
-
- . A^-\m-dns
Xmfp-If
- n k-X Hcp-p Ccw Xqen-II
- AXy-]qw Xs. teJ-I\pw ]{Xm[n-]pw \ hc-s.
DkvamtIm-b, Xncq

ImgvNs- b-Sp-p ann-W

ako-lp-
- m-ep-If
- psS ^nXv\I
- f
- n \nv A_vZp-emw kp-ansb Amlp Im-s. lZokv
\ntj[n Fv Bt-]n-p `bm-\I
- c
- mb Akq-bm-ep- Xmp Npn-ep-ap-v. shn-shfnw hnX-dp Kw`o-ca
- mb A-bpsS teJ-\
- A-Im-c
- n Xn-S- b
- p-h
- p shfnw
\tI-X
- m-Wv. ]t, B an]n-Wd
- n Ah-cpsS ImgvNI
- dm-s-Sp-Ib
- m-Wv. AXn-i
- amb A-bpsS Xqen-Ip apn, \ymb-f
- psSbpw sXfn-hp-If
- p-sSbpw apn ]nSnp \nm\m-Im-h
- Xm-fpsS XI kz]v\w ImWp-p. hnd-Ins\ An Xnp t]mse Xm-fpsS
ip`m]vXn hnizmkw Ah-cpsS Ak-ln-jvWp-Xsb Imp Xnpw. kwi-ba
- n-. Xm Hpw `bs-SmsX aptmp t]mhp-I. Xm-sf-tmse ASn-bp-d BZi-im-en-bmb A^-\m FUn-pw
Amlp sscyw \I-s. Ime-ns shp-hnfn a\-n-emn kss[cyw H-bm-\mbn
A^\m \S-n-sm-p-t]m-Ip-Xv `mcn _m[yX Xs. AXv `wKn-bmbn \n-ln-p-sImn-cn-p A^-\m-dn\v Fm Biw-kI
- fpw t\cp-p.

A_vZp-
- pn, atcn

kz]v\hnizm-kn-I
A^-\m 21mw e-nse Fs teJ-\t- ijw Nne `oj-Wn-
- p-I t]mepw hp-sImn-cn-p-p. JmZn-bm-\n-k-s-p-dnv \nc--camb ]T-\hpw teJ-\-fpw A^-\m-dn A\nhm-cy-am-Wv. kz]v\t- em-I
- mWv AlvaZo AwK-f
- psS hf ImWp-X
- v. 2014 amv ew kXyZq-X\
- n henb ZrjvSm-
- f
- mbn ]d-bp-Xv Ipsd Bfp-I kz]v\
- n-eqsS AlvaZ- n-If
- m-bX
- ns\
Ipdn-m-Wv. C{X Zp_-eamb hnizm-kn-Itfm Ch F-Xn Ap-Xs
- -Sp-Ib
- m-Wv. Hcp-]mSv kz]v\-fpsS IY. kz]v\-n akolv auDu-Zns\ ImWp-p. Atlw Wn-pp. kz]v\m-S-I
DSs\ hnizm-kn-bm-Ip-p. \ Xam-ib
- m-Wv Cu ]pXp-\_nhmZ-m-cpsS P]-\
- . Ckvem-ans\
ASn-m-\-]-c-ambn a\-n-em-n-b-h-cpsS apn JmZn-bm-\n-I-fpsS bmsXmcp ]cnpw thhp-I-bn. Alva-Zn-IXv a\-n-em-Im--Xn kl-X-]n-p-I-b-m-sXp sNpw.
A_vZp amen-Iv, Xncp-hn-ezm-ae

{]tXyI Adn-bnv
A-Sn-n-e-hp-I-fpsS h-\hp ImcWw A^-\m km-nI {]Xn-k-nbn-em-Wv. Bpw kuP-\y-ambn Ab-p-n-. \mep e-sa-nepw Inn-b-h
hmjnI hcn-kwJy ASv kl-Ic
- n-m-\t- ]-n-p-p. hcn-kwJy Xosc AS-msX
amknI ssI-n-sm-n-cn-p-h
- smw IpSn-nI Xo-Ws
- a-d
- n-bnv Ib-n-p-v. Bh-iy-an-m-h
- B hnhcw t^mWn-eq-sStbm sat-Pn-eq-sStbm Adnbn-p-hm k-\v ImWn-p-Ibpw AXp-h-sc-bp IpSn-n-Im-_m-[yX XopIbpw sN-Ww. kw`m-h\
- I
- f
- b
- pw Cu kwcw-`s hnP-bn-n-m apgp-h A^\m hmb-\
- m-tcmSpw A`yn-p-p. hmbn-m D]-Im-cs
- -Sp-sap tXmp-hv
DZm-ca
- X
- n-I tImn kvt]mk sNbvX A{U-p-If
- b
- v kl-Ic
- n-p-I. Amlp
A\p-{K-ln--s.
sNv/UnUn FSp-t-Xv

KOYAKUTTY T.V
A/c No. 57064977570 SBT FEROKE
Br. 70191 IFSC: 0000191

aWn-HmU-dp-I
Manager, Alfanar, Nuz'ha Complex
Farook College P.O 673632, Kozhikode

]pXp-nb hcn-kwJy
H-{]Xn
30/
hmjnIw
120/
ZznhmjnIw 240/
5 hjw
550/

FUn-tm-dn-b

cn-{X-sa-gpXn Fm-aXv apPm-lnZv kwm\ kt-f\w AXn-Kw-`o-c-ambn

\S-p. apPm-lnZv {]m-\
- n Ign Zi-I
- n-ep-mb I\ \mi-\j
- vS sImv a\v ZpxJn At\-Im-bn-c
- p sXsmcp Bizm-khpw {]Xobpw a\x-ka
- m-[m-\hpw \Inb alm-kt- -f\
- a
- m-bn-cpp FS-cn-tmv \S-Xv. apkvenw-If
- nse Fm hn`m-Ks
- bpw ktm-jn-n-n-pv F-XmWv kXyw.
Iqm-bva, A-S
- w, Kuc-ht- a-dnb N-I, skan-\m-dp-I, {]_-
- , emfnXyw, kv{Xo kmn-yw Fm-samw FSpp ]d-bm-hp--hn[w sa-s-Xpw
Kw`o-ch
- p-am-bn-cp-p. 43 sk-\p-If
- n-embn \qdp-IW
-
- n hnj-b
- N sNs-p. (H-sm-gn-sI, temIw apgp-h tIcf apkvenw-I {]tXy-Inpw N
sNp N{-amk \nWb am\-Z
s
- av FXv). Hcp ew {]Xn-\n-[n-I
\mep-Zn-hkw Ign-p-Iq-n. Ap e-n-e[
- nIw Bfp-If
- psS ]m-fn-a
- p-mbn. Hcp \qm-mbn tIcf apkvenw-Ip shfnw \In-h \thm-m-\ns XpS{]-h-\
- fp-ambn aptmv Fv Blzm\w sNbvXmWv B almk-t-f\w ]ncn-X
- v. Am-lp-hn\v Bbn-ca
- m-bncw kvXpXn-I.
Fn-bm-sem-Sp-m \-I \thm-m\ {]h-\--fn-eqsS tIcf
apkvenw P\-Xv ImgvN-sh Cu {]m\w Ctm t\cn-p-sIm-n-cn-p
{]Xn-kn hfsc ZpLSw ]nSn-Xp Xs. AsX-s\ ]cn-lc
- n-p-sa-X
- n\p
Hcp tbmPn Xocp-am\w Dcp-n-cn-tb-X
- p-v. ISp-t- a-dnb kwL-S\m kp-NnX-Xzam-Wn-s Ghpw henb apkzo-_
- v. hnp-hogvN, kln-jvWp-X, klhn-Xzw, kmtlm-Zc
- yw, sFIyw, Fsms AXn-Kw-`o-chpw at\m-lc
- h
- p-ambn
]d-bm-\-msX {]tbm-K-h-cW cwKv h-q-Py-amWnh. Cu A-amb
"XJveoZv' \thm-m\ {]m\w XI-Xm-bn-cp-p. Fm-eXv ]q intbmsS Xncnv hn-cn-p-p. Xulo-Zn \nv hyXn-N-en--h Fv aS-hq
hn`m-Ks Bt-]n-h
- Xs inns NmW-I
- p-gn-bnse H-\S- p-hn
sNp hoWp. acn-p-t]mb Huen-bm, An-bm, alm-msc hnfnp klmbw
tXSmw Fp ]d-bp bmYm-n-Xn-Isc IS-n-shn Pnp-I-tfmSv klmbw
tNmZn- in F-Xn Fn-s-sp am{X-a
- , At-cn \thm-m\
{]m-\-sa s]cpwI s\Sp-sI-n-fp. temI apkvenw Ncn-{X-n
F{Xbpw Zp_-ea
- mb Hcp lZo-kns t]cn C{X henb ]nfv apkvenw Dn Dm-bn-n-. henb alm-m-cmbn kzbw sImn-mSn \S "]n-Xh
- r-m' hoWn-Xtm InS-pp in ]Sp-Ip-gn-bn Fv \njv]
- p t_m[yam-bn. Amlp Fm-hs
- cbpw cn-s
- .
kt-f-\-n apg-nb "\thm-m-\-ns XpS{]-h-\-fpambn
aptmv' F {]kvXmhw kmmI-cn-pI Xs thWw. Im\q-m-n\p
apv Ah-km-\-ambn \thm-m-\-ns cp ine-Ip IqSn \thm-m\
\mb-I
- m ASn-d
- b
- n-n-cp-p. Hv: hnhm-l, km-n-I, Poh-Im-cpWy, {]t_m[-\c
- w-Ks kmaq-ly-ta \thm-m-\
- n-\p- th-n-bp hn-hI
- c
- a
- mb amw
Ipdn-m "_nkvan' cq]o-Ic
- n-s
- -p. _yqtdm Hm^v Ckvem-anIv tkmjy B v
anjy-\dn C^ta-j (BISMI) Fm-WX
- ns ]q-cq-]w. _nkvan 1978emWv
cq]o-I-cn--Xv. sI.-]n. apl-Zv aue-hn-bpsS t\Xr-Xz-n hnhw krjvSn-psIm-p-Xs AXv apt-dn. _nkvan-bpsS `c-WL
- S- \
- b
- n At\Iw ey-
{]Jym-]n-n-cp-p. tIhew kv{Xo[-\c
- l
- nX hnhm-l
- n\p cn-WI
- sf ]nSnp
tNp-sIm-Sp-m thn am{X-am-bn-cp-n AXv. kmaq-ly-t-aw, Poh-Im-cpWyw, CXc aX-c
- n-te-p {]t_m-[\w, hnZym-tI-{-f
- psS m]-\w, km-

\thm-m\w Af-ap-p-tm!

1435 dP_vd- a-fm

1435 dP_vd- a-fm

nI Agn-aX
- n-Ipw [qn-\p-sa-Xn-cn-ep t]mcmw XpSn hnhm-lZ- p-cm-Nmc- hsc, At\Iw Imcy-.
]noSv Hcp ]S-tbmw Xs-bm-bn-cp-p. _nkvan tIcfw \nd-p-\n-p. ]utcmlnXyw sRn-hn-d
- p. {]m-\
- nse aq-m-cmb Nne tImSo-iz-c
- m Cf-In-him-bn. AtXmsS kwL-S-\bvv A]w ISn-m-Wn-tSn hp. sI.-]n.-bpsS
ac-W-tmsS ]pXnb t\XrXzw AtX-s-Sp--h-tcmSv shdpw s]p-sI-n-p-Xn am{Xw AXns\ HXp-n-\nm I]n-p. AtXmsS _nkvan "N-Xns\m-ptam Pohn-n-cn-nepw' F-Xp-t]m-se-bm-bn. Ctm Gnse B ]ip
]pp Xnp-n-. AtXmsS AXnse \thm-m\w kvXw`n-p. ]s, al-\o-bamb B BZiw ap GXm-sm apkvenw hn`m-K
- fpw kwL-S\
- I
- fpw Gs-Spp. AXp am{Xta t\-ambn ImWm-\m-Iq. ]s, ]qW-ambn hnP-bn-n-s-Spm aph-lvln-Zp-Ip am{Xta Ignbq F bmYmyw ad-p-Iq-Sm.
cm-at- -Xv, 1978 Xs asmcp \thm-m\ hn-ha
- mbn tIcfm lnem
Innbpw cq]o-Ir-Xa
- m-bn. Lw-L- a
- mb ]cn-h-\
- n-eqsS IrXy-amb {]]
hyh-
- \
- p-kc
- n IWv {]Im-ca
- p Xn-Xn-If
- n Xs Ckvem-anse Bcm[-\-I sNp--hn[w N{-am-k-\nW-b-nse imkv{Xo-b-hiw \S-n-em-p-I,
Ckvem-anI Ie- apkvenw-In-Sb
- n i-ambn {]N-cn-n-p-I, Jmkn-am-cS- -ap ]utcm-ln-Xy-ns CXp-kw-_--amb lpv Ah-km-\n-n-pI AhcpsS sXmb amk-ap-d
- n- ]cn-]mSn Ah-km-\n-np t\mp s]cp-m-fp-If
- n
sFIy-ap-m-pI XpS-n-bh
- s
- bm-s-bm-bn-cpp tIcf lnem In-n-bpsS cq]oI-cW ey-f
- mbn R-sf-sbms t\Xm- ]Tn-n-X
- v. (C-tm-gs t\Xm ]nSn-p-\nm ]mI-n Zphym-Jym-\n-p-p-sh-n-epw). CXpw Kw`o-camb hnhw krjvSnp cwK-s-n. Jmkn-am-cn-fI
- n-bm-Sn. ]utcm-lnXyw \np
hnd-p. P\- amk-\nW-b
- n-sbpw apkvenw sFIy-n-sbpw {]m[m-\yhpw
Ckvem-anI hyh-bpw a\-n-em-n, tIcf lnem In-n-bpsS Xocp-am-\p apkvenw tIcfw ImtXmp. P\- ey-n-tev IpXn-p-Ib
- mbn-cp-p. s]cp-m-fp-I t]mepw Hbvp \S-s
- -p. hnI-ehpw Aim-kv{Xo-bhp-amb coXn-bn-ep amk-ap-d
- n- hyh {]Im-ca
- m-sW-nepw tIcfw apgp-hs\-nepw Htc Znh-k-n t\mv, s]cp-m-fp-I \S--s-Sp Ah--bntep hp-tNp. Fm, CXnepw tImSo-iz-c
- m CS-s]-p. _nkn-\k
- p-Im
\nb-{n-p. cmjv{Sob X-m Ip-cp-n. Bo-b-t\-Xm- ]W-m-scbpw
cmjv{So-b-m-scbpw Iqp-]n-Sn-p. k-ns hgn-bn \thm-m\ {]m\s Xf-p. da-km-\n ]-\-{X tlm-ep-I-fn Nocm-n IpSn-v,
]mbkw \pWv sIn-n-Snp D-shv \a-kvI-cnp ]ncn-bp--Xn tIcfm
lnem Inn _en \S-n. Ctm Jmkn-am-cpsS amk-ap-d
- n-e
- n\p dmwap-fnI-fmbn \thm-m\ t\Xm- Xcw-Xm-Wp. C-d-Xv kXy-a-sp ]d-bm
ss[cy-ap--h ]d-b-s.
Npcp-
- n \thm-m\w Af-apn \np-Ib
- m-Wn-tm. ]dbq: "Im \qmn-\p-n' apPm-lnZv {]m\w Fp ]pXnb \thm-m-\-amWv apkvenw-I-fnep-m-n-bXv? Ass\-Iy-n\pw Xn Xn\pw kpcamXrI krjvSn--X-msX. Fsmm-sm-cm-\
- mv AXns Xgv Fs ]rjvS
- n-enXm Fp
]d-h
- s
- \-tmse \thm-m-\
- ns A\-c
- m-hI
- m-in-If
- mbn thj-an-Sp-h
-
_Smbn hnSp-Ib
- m-Wv. \thm-m-\
- ns XpS{]-h-\h
- p-ambn aptmv Fv
]d-bp-h
- c
- S- w BZyw thXv Cu {]m-\
- nse BZy-Im-es sFIy-kwL-n-te-p-hc
- n-I. AN-e
- a
- mbn Xulo-Zn ASn-bp-dp \nv ]c-temIw eyamn Ckvem-ans\ imkv{Xo-b-ambn ]pXp-tem-I-n\p kan-m Xm-dm-hpI. "_nkvan'bpsSbpw tIcf lnem In-n-bp-sSbpw {]kn Xncn-d
- nv B
XpS-n-sh \thm-m\w ]qo-I-cn-p-I. \thm-m-\-n\p apPm-lnZv
{]m\w ]pXnb AP Xm-dm-p-I. inn-m apkvenw tIcfw; Pmd-fpw
J_]q-PI
- fpw BssZ-h
- f
- p-an-m apkvenw D; km-nI Agn-aX
- n-Ifpw
Po-X-I-fp-an-m kaq-l-krjvSn; ]hn{X IpSpw__---fp kap-Zmbw;
imkv{Xo-b-amb ImgvN-m-Sn-eqsS Ckvem-an-s\bpw Jp-B-\n-s\bpw CX-c-a-Xv ]cn-N-bvs-Sp-p kwhn-[m-\w. aZy-]m-\n-I-fn-m-, \a-kvImcw Dt]n-m hn\-bm-n-X-cmb apkvenw-I-fpsS \mSv. CXp-t]m-ephbmWv \thmm-\
- n\p AP-I
- fmbn C\n htc-X
- v. Amlp A\p-{l-ln-s
- .'
FUn-

hnizmk Zi\w 20
tImb-pn ^mdqJn

saUn- tImtf-Pn-s\bpw
hnip--]-Z-hn-bn-te-p-bpI
a\p-jysc alm-hn-ip--cmbn {]Jym-]n-m amm-v am{Xw
ssZhw A[n-Imcw \Intbm? A amm ssZhw Xstbm?
Cs\ hnip--cm--s--h-cpsS Xncp-\m-fp-I BtLm-jn-mw.
Xncp- k z- c q- ] - {]Xn- j v T n- mw, Bm- c - b n hW- mw,
Ahv t\ hgn-]m-Sp-If
- n-Smw, B hyn-bpsS {]m-\I
- fpw
Nn{X-fpw A-Sn-mw. Ah-tcmSp a\-ap-cpIn {]mn-mw.

bmsXm-cm-fp-sSbpw

bmsXmcp hkvXp-hn-sbpw cq]-tfm hn{K-ltfm Dm-n-sh-bv-cp-sXpw Ahsb Bcm-[n--cp-sXpw (ss__n) Ii-\a

- mbn hne-nb aX-amWv ss{IkvXh aXw. Fm temIw
apgp-h tbip-hns {]Xn-ab
- p-mn thZ-{K-s A]-lk
- npw hn[w
alm-\mb Hcp ssZh-kr-jvSnbpw a\p-jy\pamb tbip-hns\ \new
Bcm-[n-p--h-cmWv {InkvXym-\n-I.
Hcp \qm-n\p apv acnp a-Sn Nmh-db
-
- s
- \bpw Fhp-{]m-kym-sbbpw Ctm amm hnip ]Zhn \In ss{IkvXh Itmenm temI-n\p ]qPn-m\pw Bcm-[n-m\pw cp hn{K-l
- IqSn
\In-bn-cn-p-p. ]t hmgvs
- -h
- c
- m-bn-cp Ah J_-dn InSv
Pohn-n-cn-p--h-cn Ap-X- krjvSn-n-cn-p-I-bm-W-s{X. CXv
{^mknkv amm AwKo-Ic
- n-t- XmsS Ah alm-hn-ip-c
- m-bn-op!

hnip Nmh-d
-
At^mk-bvp tijw Im-enIv `mc-Xk
- `
- bvv e`n hnip-cm-Wn-h cp-t]-cpw. 19mw \qm-n tIcf k`-bpsS shfn--am-bncp Nmh-d-b- 1805 P\n-p. 1829 sshZn-I-]w e`n-p. Atlw
1831 am\w kn.-Fw.-sF. k` m]n-p. 1846 {]pw kwkvIrX
kvIqfpw Bcw-`n-p. ]n-I tXmdpw ]n-q-S-fpw \{km-Wn-Zo-]nI
]{Xhpw XpS-n. BZy D]-hn-ime tIc-f
- n XpS-n-bXpw At-la
- mWv. 1871 Znhw-KX
- \
- m-bn. Hcp \qm-n\p tijw 1986 At^mk-bvsmw Nmh-db
-
- s
- \bpw tPmt]m cm-a amm hmgvs
- -h-cmbn {]Jym-]n-p.

Fhp-{]m-ky
Nmh-d-b- m]n kn.-Fw.kn k\ym-kn\n k`-bnse AwK-am-bncp Fhp-{]m-kym 1877 P\n-p. 1896 Bo-bP
- o-hn-X
- n\p A-g8

1435 dP_vd- a-fm

mv aT- n tNp.
1900 k\ym-k{- hXw kzoIcn-p. 1913 apX 1916 hsc
Hq sk v tacokv aTn aZ kp{]n-b-dm-bn-cpp. 1952 Znhw-K-X-bm-bn.
A-bpsS {]m\m a[y- X - b n At\- I v
tcmK-im-n-bn-eqsS Ap-X Ap-Xs \S-n-cpp-h-s{X. 1990 Ah-cpsS
Id Xpdv `uXn-Im-h-injvS- aTw It-f-bvpn-tep amn. 2002 Ah
"[\y'bmbn {]Jym-]n--sp. 2006 taP Bv
_njv In-\m hn
hnX- b - n Fhp- { ]m- k ysb hmgv-s--h-fmbpw
{]Jym- ] n- p. Cu hcp
HIvtSm-_ 2014 Nmh-d-b-s\bpw Fhp- { ]m- k y- sbbpw hnip-c
- mbn {]Jym]n-p NSv \S-s
- -Sp-Xm-Wv.

tijw cq]Xm tImSXn CXv

nco- I - c n- p. ]noSv
{]tXyI ss{S_yq- W
m]nv ]T\w \S- pIbpw hnh-c
- tiJ-cn-pIbpw XpSv In\mamcpsS o\dn Akw
n tcJ-I ]cn-tim-[np
AwKo-I-cnp hn-ms
]cn- K - W - \ - - b - p. {^m
knkv amm-p Nmh-db
- s J_-dn \nv "ApX-hc
-
- ' shfn-s-Sp-Ibpw
sNbvXn-cn-p-p. AXn-\m
Nmh-db
-
- s\ amm hnip-\mbn {]Jym-]np!
(apkvenw bmYm-n-XnI
hn`m-K-ns acn-p-t]mb
Huen- b m- - s f- p- d n- p
k-, hnizm-k
- ,
[mc-W-I, {]Nm-c-W-
Ah- c n- t e- s - n- t
hgn Ctm hmb-\
- mp
\mbn a\-n-em-bn-cn-p-atm. \_n(- k ) ]dp:

hnip-\
- mIpw hgn:
Pohn-XI
- m-ev ]cn-ip-nbpsS ]cn- a fw ]c- nb
kmaq- l nI ]cn- j v I mhmbncpp Nmh- d - b - .
1807 acn-p-t]mb A
2009 sabv 27\v ssZh-tmSp a[y- - X - b n (apkv e nw- I - f psS `mj- b n
i^m-Av/kq^m/
hkzoe Fp- ] - d - b mw)
]mem Io-{U CS-h-Ibnse sImm-c
- n tPmknsbpw
tacn- b p- s Sbpw
aIfmb adn-b-bpsS tImp-I {]m-\-bn-eqsS
kpJ-s-Sp-n-sm-Sp-p-hs{X. tUmIvSamcpw apw
CXp kmy- s - S p- n- b 1435 dP_vd- a-fm

""NmWn\p NmWm-bn,
apg-n\p apg-ambn
blq-Zn-\-{km-Wn-Isf
Fs A\p-bm-bn-Ifn-ep Nne ]n]pI Xs sNpw.
Hcp DSp-n amfn sRn-sRcpn Hcm-hi
- y-hp-anmsX Ah Ib-dpXp Im
Chcpw ap]n
Nnn-msX
]nmse Ib-dpw.''

""NmWn\p NmWm- b n, apgn\p apg-ambn blq-Zn -\{km-Wn-Isf Fs A\p-bmbn-I-fn-ep Nne ]n]pI Xs sNpw. Hcp DSpn amf-n sRn-sRcpn Hcm-h-iy-hp-an-msX
Ah Ib-dp-Xp Im
Chcpw ap]n NnnmsX ]nmse Ib-dpw'').

hmgv-s-m:
Ccn- m- e - pS ItnI-cbvv kao]w ]pen-md-pv IIp-n-ho-n
sPk-sbpw do\-bp-sSbpw
aI-\mb It-pw-Ic _n.-hn.Fw. kvIq HXmw mkpIm-c\
- mb Pqh-en-\mWv Fhp{]m-ky-b
- psS a[yw hgn
sXm-bn-ep-m-bn-cp amcI-amb apg ssXtdm-tmkknv t`Z-amn Innb-Xv. ]g-Inb Syqa, izk-\\m-f
- n\pw A-\m-f
- n-\pan-Sb
- n, ikv{X-{Inb Akm[y- a m- b , BZyw kwkm- c tijn \jvS-s, Poh-\pt]mepw A]- I - S - I - c - a m- b ncp Cu tcmK-n\p XpS
NnIn t]mep- a n- m- b ncpp! A-tbmSv a\-ap-cpIn
{]mnp. A a[y
bmbn kpJ-s-Spn Ap
Xw krjv S n- p. Ccw
Ap-X- ]cn-K-Wn-p
tdmanse tImS-Xn-bn-enXp
kan-p. Fhp-{]m-ky
hmgv-s--h-fm-bn-o-cm
CXn-t\-m C\n Fv?
As\ a\p-jysc almhn-ip-c
- mbn {]Jym-]n-m
amm-v am{Xw ssZhw
A[n-Imcw \Intbm? A
amm ssZhw Xstbm?
9

Cs\ hnip-c
- m-s
- -h
- cpsS Xncp-\m-fp-I BtLmjn-mw. Xncp-kz-cq-]-
{]Xn-jvTn-mw, Bm-cbn hW- mw, Ahv
t\ hgn-]m-Sp-If
- n-Smw, B
hyn-bpsS {]m-\I
- fpw
Nn{X-fpw A-Sn-mw. AhtcmSp a\-ap-cpIn {]mnmw.

ssZhw
cq]w sImpp
Cu hnip--]-Z-hn-bn-sem IS--I [mcm-f-apv. IrXy-amb am-tc-Jb
- p-

t]mkvp-e-tm ]cntim- [ nv hne- b n- c pn

AwKo-I-cn-m hynsb
"[\y' ]Z- h n- b n- t e- pbpw. [\y-bm-bm AhcpsS {]m-\-Ifpw Nn{Xfpw A- S n- mw. ac- W tijw hyn- b psS a[y
w hgn ApXw \S-Ww. CXv \ma-Ic
- W tImSXnp sXfn-bW
- w. Atm
hmgvs
- -h
- c
- psS KW-nem-bn. HXv ssZh-im-kv{X AS- nb kanXn
hni-Ie
- \w sNbvXp nco-

Imcy-n \ma-Ic
- W \S-]Sn- I - f n Cf- h p- v . AXn\m c- k m- n- I - f mbn
acn-h
- sc Npcp-nb kabw
sImv hnip-c
- m-m Ignbpw.

ssZhw Na-bp
BssZ-h-
Hcm ]cn- i p- - s \v
Xocp-am-\n-m Cu {]]-n Am-lp-hn-\-msX
Bp Ignbpw? hnip-cmbn {]Jym-]n-p A[nIm- c n- b mb amm- - a msc
hsc sImSpw ]m]--fn

hmgv-s tijw hyn-bpsS a[y--X-bn hopw Hc-pXw

kwi-bm-Xo-X-ambn sXfn-bn--s-S-Ww. CXpw apn-e-t-Xp-t]m-sesbmw ]cn-tim-[nv t_m[y-s-m AwKo-Ic
- n-pw. XpSv Xncp-kwL-ns ip]mi ]cn-tim-[nv amm hnip-\
- mbn {]Jym-]n-p-Xn\p A\p-aXn \Ipw. c-km-n-If
- psS Imcy-n \ma-Ic
- W
\S-]S- n-If
- n Cf-hp-v. AXn-\m c-km-n-If
- mbn acn-h
- sc Npcpnb kabw sImv hnip-c
- m-m Ign-bpw.

v. Hcm hnip-\
- m-sWv
hnizm-kn-Iv t_m[y-ambm cq]- X m - X - e - n
sa{Xms\ Adn- b n- pw.
hyn acnv 5 hjw ]nnm \ma-Ic
- W \S-]Sn XpSpw. hnip- mbp
Xncp- k w- L - n \nv
A\p-aXn Inn-bm sa{Xm
kan- X nsb \nb- a n- pw.
Akm- [ m- c W ]pWy-
t_m[y- s - m Abmsf
ssZh-Zm-k Fv {]Jym-]npw. CXv hn-ms\ Adnbn- pw. hn- m AXv
Xncp-kw-L
- n\p ssIam-dpw.
Xncp- k w- L - - e - h

10

I-cn-pw. kwi-ba
- p-m-bm
sa{Xm-mcpw In-\mamcpw
AS-p kanXn hopw
]cn- t im- [ n- pw. thn- h m thmn-\n-Spw. hmgvs tijw hyn- b psS
a[y--X-bn hopw HcpXw kwi-bm-Xo-X-ambn
sXfn-bn--s-S-Ww. CXpw
apn-et- -Xp-t]m-se-sbmw
]cn-tim-[nv t_m[y-s-m
AwKo- I - c n- pw. XpSv
Xncp-kw-L
- ns ip]mi
]cn-tim-[nv amm Atls hnip-\
- mbn {]Jym]n- p- - X n\p A\p- a Xn
\Ipw. c-km-n-If
- psS

]nSn-s
- Ncn{Xw Itmenm k`m Ncn- { X- n
Xs-bp-m-bn-p-v. ]mXn-cnamcpw In-\mamcpw sa{Xmmcpw apw F{Xtbm t]
k`-sbbpw ssZh-sbpw
hnv k`- b psS ISp
inm-\-S-]-Sn-Ip hnt[b-cm--s-n-p-v. ""\nm-cam-b-sXm-gnv alm-]m-]-fn \npw \oN-I-fn \npw AIp \nhv \ns \mYs
hnime ]m]-tam-N-\-ap-v.
\nsf `qan- b n \nv
krjvSn-p-m-nb k`nepw amXm-f
- psS K`m1435 dP_vd- a-fm

i- b - n inip- - f m- b ncp k`-nepw Amlp-hm-Ipp \n-sf-n

Ghpw Adn-h
- . AXn\m \n \nsf
s hnip- - c m- - .
Ghpw kqv a X ]menp--h-\m-scp Am-lphmWv Adn-bp-h
- .''
(hn.-Jp. 53: 32)
apkvenw-I-fnse Xzco-Jp-Imcpw bmYm-n-XnI
_lp- ] - hpw acn- - h
Am-lp-hnt\mSv a[yw
]dv Imcy- t\Sn-cp CS- b m- f - m
kq^m a[y-hn-I
hkzoe ip]mi-m
ip^- B - A - v BsWp
Ddv hniz-kn-p-Ibpw AhtcmSv {]mn- p- I bpw
t\ hgn-]m-Sp-I-fn-pIbpw B{K-lm-`n-em-j-
Gp-sNm-p-Ibpw {]m-\Ifpw hnfn-Ifpw tIv Dcw
sNp- s av hniz- k n- pIbpw
sNp- - X ns
bYm
t{kmXv
ss{IkvX-h-X-bpsS tad ]-bmb sXfn-hp-I
Xs- b m- W v . ssZh- n
ebnp tNcp- I , ssZhns hnip-n-bn \nmW-s-Sp-I, Hcp-thf ssZh-ambn- - s - b m- b n- o- c p- I ,
ssZhhpw a\p-jy\pw Hmbn-t-cpI XpS-nb k-ev]. AXn-tev Jpe-^mAv \pP-_m-Av Jp-_mAv AJvm_v Huen-bmAv Fn-XymZn ]Z-hn-Ifpw
m\- a m- \ - fpw ]dv
bYm GI-ssZh hnizmkn-Isf Ipgn-bn NmSnp
sImn- c n- p- p. kv { Xo
1435 dP_vd- a-fm

apkvenw-If
- nse Xzco-Jp-Imcpw bmYm-nXnI _lp-]
- hpw acn-h Am-lp-hnt\mSv
a[yw ]dv Imcy t\Sn-c
- p CSbm-f
- m kq^m
a[y-hn-I
hkzoe ip]mi-m
ip^-BA
- v-
BsWp Ddv hniz-knp-Ibpw Ah-tcmSv
{]mn-p-Ibpw t\
hgn-]m-Sp-I-fn-pIbpw B{K-lm-`n-em-j Gp-sNm-p-Ibpw
{]m-\I
- fpw hnfnIfpw tIv Dcw
sNp-sav hniz-kn-pIbpw sNp-X
- ns
bYm t{kmXv
ss{IkvX-h-X-bpsS
ta-d ]-bmb
sXfn-hp-I Xs-bm-Wv.

]pcpj BssZ- h - ,
Bob t\Xm-, kq^oh-cy-m, Huen-bm- Ahscmw tcmK-imn \Ipas{X! ChnsS aZ sXtc-kIfpw At^mk-a
- m-cpw,
Nmh-db
-
- \pw Fhp-{]m-ky-amcpw Ah-cpsS I-dI
- f
- n
InSv `qan-bn Pohn-p-sImn-cn-p--h-cpsS \ne-hn-fnIfpw A`y-\I
- f
- pw thZ
\m -bm-X-\-I-fpw {]m-\Ifpw tIv ssZh- t mSv

a[yw ]d-v tcmK-imn-bp-m-nbpw IjvS\

- j
- vS ]cn- l - c npw Zpcn- X fpw Zpc-
- fpw XSppw
A\p-{K-lm-in-p-I
sNmcnpw ]m]-
s]mdppw temIw hmgp-Ibm-sW-n Fmw ImWpIbpw tIp-Ibpw \nb{n-p-Ibpw krjvSnv kwcn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp-sImn-cn-p alm-Im-cp-Wyhm\pw Icp- W m- \ n- [ n- b psams Bbn-p {]]-\m-Y-\mb Amlp ]ns
Fn- \ mWv ?
Fn\p
Ahs\ Bcm- [ n- Ww?
c-I\
- mbn kzoI-cn-Ww?
tImp J_- d n \nv
kpJs- S p- n- s m- S p
Nmh-db
-
- \pw sXm-bnse
apg kpJ-s-Sp-nb Fhp{]m-ky-bpw alm-hn-ip-s
- cn At\- I m- b ncw a\pjyv lrZ- b hpw IpIfpw Ic-fp-I-fpw InUv\n-Ifpw XpS- nb ico- c m- c
_mlym- h - b - h - amnshpw kpJ-s-Sp-nbpw
sImSp- p- s Im- t - b n- c np saUn- tImtf-PpI, Bip-]{- Xn-I, sshZyim-eI
- Fmw hnip-]
- Z- hn-bn-tev km Db
n {]Jym- ] n- - W - s av
Bh-iy-s-Sm-a-tm.

Nncn-m ad-p-t]mb
Znh- k - a mWv Pohn- X nse Ghpw D]-tbmK-iq-\y-amb Znh-kw.
(Nmfn Nmn)
11

Jp-B Nn-I
A_p _\mv, Ipn-nd

12

""Fs cn-Xm-th, ac-Ws

- -h
- tc \o Fs\ Pohn-n-pp-shv F\n-smv ImWn-p-X-cptam? Fp C{_mlow
]d k`w! Amlp tNmZnp: \n\-sm AXn hnizmk-ant? C{_mlow ]dp: F\np hnizm-ka
- m-Wv. Fnepw
Fs a\x-a
- m-[m-\
- n-Xp thW-atm! Amlp ]dp: \o
\mep ]n-Isf ]nSn-q. Ahsb sImn-\p-dpn Iqn-eq. Ah-bpsS Hmtcm Awihpw Hmtcm ae-bnepw sImp-hbvp-I. Fn-h
- sb \o hnfn-p-I. Ah \ns-bS- p-t- e-tmSn
hcp-X
- m-Wv. Amlp {]Xm-]h
- m\pw bpn-\
- p-am-Wv.''
(hn.Jp: 2: 260)
Cu {]]-s ip-iq-\y-X-bn \nv krjvSn-p-m-nb
Am-lp-hns Cu hN\w hnizm-kn-Ipw Ahn-izm-kn-Ipw
Ap-Xhpw A-cpw Dm-p-sa-Xn kwi-b-an-. hnizm-knI Am-lp-hn\p Fmw Ign-bp-sapw Ah k--\p-amsWpw hniz-kn-p-X
- n-\m Ahm-iz-kn-mw. hnip JpB-\n {]Xn-]m-Zn-p-h
- s
- bmw sFXn-ly-tfm sIp-IY
- I
- tfm
BsW-mWv \nco-iz-c, bpn, `uXn-Ih
- m-Zn-If
- mb \ntj-[n-I ]dbm-dp-X
- v. icocw sImn-\p-dpn Iqn-e
- nb tijw ]e-`mK-f
- n NnX-dnb amwk, ico-c`- m-K
- s
- fmw Hcp a\p-jy-\mb C{_mlow(-A)s hnfn-bm IqSn-tp hopw ]q cq] ]n-Ifmbn HmSn-h-cn-I-sb-Xv sIp-I-Y-b-msX as-mWv? CXm-W-hcpsS bpn-kl
- a
- mb Nn-sb-mWv [cn-p-X
- v. hnip Jp-B
Ah-Xc
- n-n Imes Ad-_n-Ifpw Ahn-izm-kn-Ifpw CXv ]qnI-cpsS sFXn-ly-am-sWv ]d-bm Imc-Whpw Cn-[-n-ep

ac-W-s--h
Pohn-p--sX-s\?

1435 dP_vd- a-fm

Nnm-a-c-hn-nepw ]Wbw
sh-hc
- m-Wv. R almhn-hc
-
cpw _pn-cm-k
- mcpw hnZym-k
-
- c
- p-am-Wv.
AXp-sImv thZ-{K--fpsSsbms Zmky-th-ev
R-sf-sbm-cn-epw Inn. R _lp-am-\n-Ifmbn kzbw Db-]-Z-hnbn \np- - h - c m- W v .
\mw ]e-tmgpw _-sSp `uXn-Ih
- m-Zn-I _lp`q-cn-`m-Khpw Ccw hmZm-cm-Wv.
hn.- J p- B cmw

sFXn-ly-fpw sIp-IY-Ifpw Fp tXmp-hbpw bYm

Ncn{X bmYmyfpw Hcp-t]m-se-b
- .
hnip Jp-B CXnlm-kI
- r-Xn-b
- . GXp
IY-I, Ncn-{X-,
kw`-h
- D-cnmepw AXn
Aeo-\a
- mb KpW-]mT-fpw Nnm-iI
- e
-
- fpw FSpp ]d-bpIbpw AXn-eqsS hnizmkn-It- fmSv Pm{K-Xc
- mIm\pw Blzm\w sNpp-v. Jp-B {]Xn]m-Zn Hscm IY-\nepw IY-bn-mbva
ImWp-Ib
- n-. KpW-]m-Tan-m Hcp-]t- Z-it- am,
XXz-tam, BZitam
Jp-B\
- n ImWpI
Akw-`-hy-am-Wv.

Aymbw 260mw kqns Bi-ba

- mWv ta]d-X
- v. \nco-iz-c\pw bpnhm-Znbpw `c-Wm-[n-]-\p-amb
\wdq-Zn-t\m-Sp {]hm-NI
-
C{_m-lo-ans hmKzm-Zm-\cw Amlp At-ls
AN-e Nn-\m-m-\p-XIp Hcp DZm-l-cWw ]Tnn-p-p. Fmw XISn Hcp \mn-eq-sS-bp
Hcp km- c n- b psS IY.
khpw \inp \mam-ht- ij-amb B \mSv BmWv
AXp-t]mse hopw ]p\xkr- j v S n- m- \ m- h pI Fbm Bi--s-Sp-I-bm-Wv.
Atm B Nnm-i
- s\
acWw ]nSn-Iq-Sn. XpSv
Hcp \qm- n\p tijw
Abm Poh Xncn-p-Inn
Dbns- g p- t - p. AbmtfmSv Amlp tNmZn-p. \o
F{X-Imew acn-p-In-Sp?
Abm: Hcp Znh- k tam
GXm\pw aWn-q-dp-I-tfm.
Amlp: A, \o \qdphjw Ignp Iqn-bn-cn-pp. Ap Ign-m-s\m-cpnb Blm- c - ] m- \ o- b v tIsSmpw ]n-bn. Fm \ns hml-\am- b n- c p IgpX t\sc
adnpw \pcpn {Zhn FpI IqSn- t v amwkw
hp s]mXnv AXntm Fgp-tp-p. \o
P\-smcp ZrjvSm
a\p-jy-\m-Im-\m-WnXp \mw
sNbvXn-cn-p--Xv. \nohm-h--bn \nv GXpw
]p\x-krjvSn \S-m-\m-Ipsapw ka- b hpw Cm- i nbpw A\n- h m- c y- a mb
Imn- c npw ITn- \ - { ]- b Xv\hpw AXy-\n-hm-cy-am-sWp- a p al- \ ob ]mTw
Abm kzbw A\p- ` - h -

Ap-XI
- Y
- I
- apl-Z- v(k
- )
]d-X
- n-\m-em-Wv. CsXmw
Cpw sIp-I-Y-I Xs!
Ingp
\np- Z n- p
kqcys\ ]Sn-mdp \np-Znn-pI F Imcyw \wdqZn\v Ign- b n- ! CX- d n- b p
C{_m-low(-A) shp-hn-fn-p.
Fn AXv Am-lp-hn\pw
Ign- b n. bpn- h m- Z n- b mb
Rm Fmw tIp
Am-lp-hns\ shp-hn-fn-pp. Ingp \np-Zn-p
kqcy-N{- -msc \msf apX
]S-h
- ]Sn-m-dp-\nv DZnn-s! bpn-hm-Zn-I-fpsS
Ccw At\Iw tNmZy,
\ymb- h m- Z -
Dbp-h-cp-p. Fm-Wnhbvv hnizm-kn-I adp-]Sn
]d-bpI!?
sFXn-ly-fpw sIp-IY
- Ifpw Fp tXmp-h
- bpw
bYm Ncn{X bmYmyfpw Hcp- t ]m- s e- b - .
hnip Jp-B CXn-lm-kIr-Xn-b
- . GXp IY-I, Ncn{X-, kw`-h- D-cnmepw AXn Aeo-\amb KpW-]m-T
- fpw Nnmi-Ie
-
- f
- pw FSpp ]d-bpIbpw AXn-eqsS hnizm-kn-ItfmSv Pm{K- X - c m- I m\pw
Blzm\w sNp-p-v. JpB {]Xn-]m-Zn Hscm IY\- nepw IY- b n- mbv a
ImWp- I - b n- . KpW- ] m- T - a nm Hcp-]-tZ-i-tam, XXztam, BZitam Jp-B\
- n
ImWpI Akw- ` - h y- a m- W v .
]Zm-tem-Is imkv{Xob-X
-
- pdw Ah-bnse ]cws]m-cp-fp-Ipw _unI
a-e-n\pw {]m[m-\y-apXp adp hbvp-I-bmWv
bpn-hm-Zn-I A[n-Ihpw
sNm- d p- - X v . hnizm- k nIv Fpw hniz-kn-mw.
Ah _pnsb aX-nepw
1435 dP_vd- a-fm

13

bm- b n- I - s fbpw temI- k aw amXr- I m- a- l - \ o- b cmn

kan- p- p.
]nXmhpw \mp-Imcpw `c-WIq- S hpw _ln- j v - c n- pIbpw Bn HmSn-p-Ibpw
XIm {ian-p-Ib
- p-sams- b m- b npw AXn- s \sbmw XrW- h KWnv
A\- i z- c - \ m- b n- o- c p- p.
temI- a nv At- l s
kvacn-p-sIm-t-bn-cn-p-p.
a\p-jy-a-\-p-Isf
kq- a mbpw \in- np k A-hn-izm-k\m- N mc Zpjv N n- - I - f n
\npw a\p- j y- I p- e s
tamNn-n-m-\p-X-Ip
BZi-n\p AkvXn-Xz-taIp-p. {]]-
- ns almkr- j v S m- h ns\ temIp

Igp-Xb
- psS Fp-Ifpw icocm- h - b - h - fpw Abm
t\mn- \ ns
]p\
\nm-W{- ]-{In-bp hnt[b-am-Ip-p. Atlw AXv
Ip-\nv kvX_v[-\m-bno-cp-p. Ccw Ap-X-fpsS AXy-]q-IY Hcp
alm- a - \ o- j n- b mb C{_mlow(-A)\p AXn-i--amb
{]tNm-Z-\hpw Bth-ihpw
AKm-[
X
- bpw \Im-\pX-Ip-p.
]no- S Xm B C{_mlow(-A) \wdq-Zns An-Ips AXn-P-bn-p-p.
acp`q a[y-n A\-izc
ssZh- t Klw ]Wn- b p- p.
XymK- ns aqo- ` m- h ambn amdp-p. Xs IpSpw_-sbpw At\Iw A\p-

n \np ]Tn-p-shpw
Amlp C{_m-lo(-A)s\
sXcy-s-Sp-n. Abmp
bmYmyw t_m[y- a msbpw Amlp DWpp. XIv PoWnv \inp- t ]mb
\mSn- s \bpw
Cn[w ]p\\nn- msapw Abmsf ]Tn-n-pp.
temI- m- \ hpw im
kv{X-Nn--bp-ap Hcmv
Hcp-]mSv Imcy- CXn
\npw {Kln-m-\m-Ipw. ITn\-{]-b-Xv\w, XymK-t_m-[w,
km-ci
- oew, AKm-[N
- n-,
Pnm-k, XnI ip`m]v X n- h n- i zm- k w, krjv S n- I fnse ssPhnI hyXn-bm-\]
- T-\w, {]Ir-Xn-bnse ApX
{]Xn-`m-k
- s
- f-p-dn Nn
F-sXms a\p-jy-kn-nI-fm-n-bm A-c-m
D- X cpw amXr- I - I fpw
ZrjvSm--fpsS \m-p-dnI- f p- a m- b n- c n- p- s a ]mT. `-W]
- m-\o-b
- f
- psS
\miw s]sp kw`-hn-pw.
tImSm-\p-tImSn _mIvSo-cn-bI \nan-j- sImh
\in- n- pw. km[m- c W
{]IrXw AXm-Wv. Pohn-IfpsS ico- c hpw s]sp
\in-pw. Fp-Ifpw {Zhn-tmw.
Fm C- Y - b n
{]Ir- X n- h y- h - - I - s fmw
AXy- ] q kw`- h - a mbn
Iem-in-n-cn-p-p. temIsc
Ap- X - s - S p- n- b n- c n- pp. \qdp-hjw Hcp a\p-jyi-co-c-n\p ac-Wm-\-cw
Hpw kw`-hn-n-n-. AtX
ico- c - h p- a mbn
Abm
]p\P-\n-p-p. Dd-n
\np- W - h - s \- t mse
`- W - ] m- \ o- b - pw
bmsXmpw kw`-hn-n-n-.
14

1435 dP_vd- a-fm

sshd- k n- s \- b m- W v , `qX- e n \nv 30 ao XmgvNbn Is- n- b - X v . 10

hjw apv Is- nb
Hcp `oa sshd-kns hn`mK- ns- - X mWv Cu
ssk_o- c nbw sshd- k pw.
hen- - I q- S p- X - e p Cu
sshd- k ns\ km[m- c W
ssat{Im- k vtIm- n- e qsS
Xs \nco-n-m Ignp-shpw D-cn--s-Spp.
Atm Cu alm-{]-]-nse Hcp ]pn-bpsS
m\w t]mep- a n- m
`qtKm- f - nse a\p- j y
F-dn-n-m-Wn-{X-b-[nIw
Al--cn-p--sX Nn
ta Jp- B hmIyw
DWn-hn-Sp-p. A-ISm-l--fp-sS-sbmw
{kjvSmhpw {]]-\
- m-Y\pw
\nb- mhpw k- - \ pamb Am-lp-hns hnm`-m-c-nse Hc-Wp-am-{XamWv takq- - nse
Bibw Fp \apv {Klnmw. bpn-bn-m-, Al- \ n- d lrZ- b - - f n
hnizm-k
- n\p Ib-dm CSap- m- I m- d n- . ]cabmYmy- sf \ncm- I - c nm\pw \ntj-[n-m\pw Hcp
hn\o-X\
- mb a\p-jy-Kp-W
- fp-h
- p Ign-bp-Ib
- p-an-.
Amlp alm-{]-Xm-]h
- m\pw
bpn-am-\p-amWv Fv ]dmWv Cu hN\w kam-]np-Xv FXv IqSp-X
{]kn \nd- - X - s {X.
Poh F {]tl-fn-Ib
- psS
A\- - k m- [ y- X - I - s f- p- d np
a\p- j y- m\w
hfsc Zp_- e - s a almb ]mThpw Cu kqw
\apv \Ip-p.

p- d an- - S n- b n
30000 hjw kpip-]vXn-bn-embn-cp "]ntm sshdkv
ssk_o-cnb' F `oa
sshd-kn\p Poh shp-hs{X. s]a- t {^mv Fv
hnfn-p D-c{- [p-ht- a-Je
- bnse XWp-p-d ann-S-bn \nmWo sshdkns\ Is-n-b-Xv. ]pdsa-bp km[m-cW Xm]-\ne-bn-tev Cu sshd-kns\
sImp-h--tm-gmWv
Poh XpSn-Xv Fv ]mcoknse {^v Kth- j - I
dntmp
sNp- p.
ssk_o-cnbw A]-I-S-Im-cnbmb sshd-k
- . BtKm-fX
- m]\ ^e-ambn s]a-t{^mv
Dcp-Ip-tmgpw F J\-\n-\mbn Ipgn-p-tm-gpw
`ojWn Dbp
{]m No\ sshd-kpI hopw k{In-bam-Im-\p km[y-XbmWv ]T\w \
Ip kt-iw. kpZo
L-Imew \n-ea
- mbn-cp tijw sshdkn\p Poh shbv
p-Xv imkv{X-temIv BZym-\p-`h
- a
- mWn-Xv. {^mknse
FbvIvkvam-sc-skn
bqWn-th-gvkn-n-bnse
\mj- W sk
Hm^v kb n- ^ nIv
dnknse s{]m^k gmMv ssa
sh-dn-bm-WnXp
dntmv sNp-X
- v.
(s{]m-ko-UnwKv Hm^v
\mj-W Am-Zan
Hm^v kbkv ]pXn
b ew ImWp-I).
\nbm-sm
a\p- j y `qap- J v
Ign-n-cp-p-shp
]d- b p Imes

1435 dP_vd- a-fm

F hm \mw Cu
ASp--Zn-hkw Adn-p.
ssk_o-cn-bm-bnse XWp-

"ap-Xn-\m-bncw hjn-\p-tijw sshd

kn\p Poh shp'

]cn-N-b-s-Sp-n-sm-Sp-pp. C- Y - s b- p- d nv
CsXmcp sFXnlyw am{Xsap ]d- b m shp
bpn-hmZn lrZbw alm-aen-\hpw `ocpXzw \nd-Xpw
N]- e hpw \no- c yhpw
bmYmy-t_m-[-an-m
anYy-bn hncm-Nn-p-X
- p-ambn-cn-pw. \n-bw. Fm
Cs IY-I-sf-mWv?
bpn- h m- Z n- I - f psS henb
{]am-Wa
- mb imkv{Xw Fp]-d-bpp?

15

Xncp-sam-gn-sm-cp
\nZm-Dd-lvam. hn.Sn

"em \-_n _AvZo'

F\np tijw \_n-bn
Xs

16

""A_q- l m- k nw(- d ) ]d- b pp: Rm A_q- l p- s sd- b n- d (- d )

tbmsSmw Ap-hjw Ignp Iqn-bn-p-v. Atlw ]d-bp-Xv
Rm tIp. "\_n (k) ]d-p : C{km-bo-eysc {]hm-NI
-
- mcmWv \bn-p-sIm-n-cp-X
- v. Hmtcm \_nbpw Imew \op-tm
Xm-\p asmcp \_n Xs ]nKm-an-bmbn hcpw. Fm
F\np tijw {]hm-N-I C Xs. Jeo-^-am Dm-bn-cnpw. Ah At\-Ia
- p-m-Ipw' A\p-Nc
-
- m tNmZn-p. Atm
R Fp sN-W-sa-mWv Xm \nZt-in-p--Xv?
Atlw ]dp: \n Ah- Hmtcm-cp-t- cm-Sp-ap-ff {]Xn
\nd--th-p-I. Ah-tcm-Sp-ff IS-m-Sp-I \n-ln-p-I. ]ns,
Amlp Ahsc Npa-Xe
- s
- -Sp-n-bX
- n-s\-p-dnp Ah Xs
tNmZyw sNbvXp-sIm-f-fpw.''
(_pJ-cn, apkznw, AlvaZ
- v, C_v\p-am-P)
{]hm- N - I - \ n \nv At\Iw hnm- \ - temI- n\p
\Inb alm-\mb A_q-lp-ssd-bvdt- bm-sSmw Ap-hj-mew
Ignp Iqnb A_q-lmknw dntmv sNp Cu lZokv Ip-a
{]kn-amb \_n-h-N-\-am-Wv. GsXmcp P\-X-tbbpw {]hm-N-I-mcpsS kmn-yw sImv [\y-am-bm AXncw A\p-{Klw thsdbn-. C{km-bo kap-Zm-ba
- m-Is {]hm-NI
-
- m-cpsS irwJ-eb
- m \bn-s--h-cmWv. Hmtcm {]hm-N-I\pw ac-W-s-p-t]m-bm Xm\p asmcp \_nsbs Amlp \ntbm-Knn-cp-p. Fn-s\m ITn-\-lr-Z-bcpw hmin-mcpw Zpc-l-m-cn-Ifpw \ntj-[-`mhw
IqSn- b - h - c p- a mb blq- Z - h s \_n- a m- msX \nb- { np
sImp t]mhpI Akm-[y-am-bn-cp-p. {]hm-N-m-sc-tmepw ]o-Unn-p--Xnepw ]e-tmgpw sImp--Xnepw Ah Hcp Xcw lcw
ImWp-h
- c
- m-bn-cp-p. henb alm-\mb Ah-cpsS Ghpw D-X\
- mb
{]hm-NI
- aqkm (A) bmbn-cp-p. At-ls
- -tmepw Ah hw
Id-n-b-Xn\p IW-n-m-bn-cp-p. ss__n-fnepw hnip Jp-B\nepw B Ncn-{X-s
- fms hni-Za
- mbn {]Xn-]m-Zn-n-p-v.
a\pjyhwi-n\p ]IzX hp tNp. hy]m-c h
- n-\n-ab Bhiy--mbn Ad-_n-I temI-hp-ambn ]e-hn-[- _---en-eqsS
i-amb kvt\l-irw-Je m]n-p. Atm-gmWv apl-Zv(k) Ahcn {]hm-NI-\mbn \ntbm-Kn-X\
- m-Ip-X
- v. GXmv `qtKm-f
- ns
\Sp-hn \np a tI{o-Ic
- n-m-WnXv Bcw`n-p-X
- v. temInse {]_-e -a-Xhpw in-I-fp-am-bn-cp PqX, ss{IkvX-h-cpsS
]nXm-a-l-\mb C{_mlnw (A) s aX-amb bYm Cm-ans
1435 dP_vd- a-fm

p- - h , kXy- h - g n- b n
\npw Hcnpw amdm
\nkzmXY tkh-Imcmb
]cn-jvm-, Ahsc
\njvIf
-
- a
- mbn ]nXp-Sc
- p
A\p-bmbnhr-. temI
p Ch-scmw IqSn apow
D-ns\ sISm-hn-f
- mbn
kqnp kwc-n-p-sImn-cn-p-p. C-s\-bp-ff
Kw`o- c - a mb kwhn- [ m\w
temIv asmcp aXnt\m {]m-\-nt\m
C. Cu h ]-X
- n-sbp-dn-m-Wn-hnsS ZqX {]hNn-p--Xv.
F\np tijw C\n-

bmbn Xeapd Xe- a pd

ssIamdn Ay-\m hsc
In-b-- msX \ne-\n-sSm kw-hn-[m-\-ap-m-n.
Ap-XI
- c
- a
- mb XymK-hg
- n-Ifn-eqsS Cpw B JpB
temIv \ne-\np-p.
apl- Zv \_n(- k ) bpsS
Ime-tijw Hp cp \qmn- \ p- f - f n Xs AhnSps I- - f p- t Sbpw
hmp-If
- p-tSbpw AwKo-Im-cn-tbpw kXy-k--amb
Ncn-{Xhpw Pohn-X-N-cym- hn-hc-W-amb kppw Bcy-I-c-amb {]{In-b-I-fn-eqsS
kwc-n--s-p.

kqn-mbn apl-Zv
\_n (k) ssZh-Zq-Xp-ambn,
a\p-jy-hw-i-n-te-m-I-am\- a mbn \ntbm- K n- - s - p.
Xs 40 mw hbp apX
64 hbv XnI-bp-Xv hscbp-ff Ime-b-f-hn kw`-h_- l p- e - a mb amXr- I m- P ohnXw am\- h mbn A
tlw Iv g v N sh- p. Xm
{]Jym- ] n apgp- h XXzfpw BZi-fpw IrXyamb I-k-c-Wn-bn-eqsS
{]mtbm- K n- I - a m- n- s mv
Atlw imiz- X - \ m- b nop. Pn{_o amem-Jbn-eqsS e`n Znhy-t_m-[\
- -

\qmpI F{X ]nnmepw, Xe- a p- d - I F{X

amdn- a - d np hmepw
bYm Cm-ans\ JpB-\n-eq-sSbpw Ip-a \_nN-cym- hn-h-c-W -{]-am-W--fneq-sSbpw Is-m bm
sXmcp {]bm-k-hp-an-msX
i-amb N-q-Sp-ap-m-bn.
Fm-epw AXv X\-Xmb
cq]- n bpKm- - c - - f ntep ]I-cm tbmKy-cm-bh - kzlm-_n-I, Xm_nD-I, Xm_n-D
- m-_n-DI
- ,
Ah-cpsS ]mXbn \nv
hyXn-N-en-msX A\p-K-an-

amb hnip-J
- p-B A\pk- c nv \qdp iX- a m\w
tbmKyX t\Snb Hcp h
Xe-ap-dsb Xs {l-kz-Ime-n-\p-f-fn At-lneqsS kan-Xa
- m-bn. temIN- c n- { X- n AXp- h sc
In-n-m-Xpw C\n-sbm-cnepw Bhn--s-Sm
km[y-Xb
- n-m-X
- p-amb Hcpa kwLs (kz-lm-_nI) bmWv AXn- e qsS
temI-n\p Inn-bX
- v.
hnip--Jp-B-\ns
A{]-am-ZnXzw \ne-\nnsmv Imem- X n- h n1435 dP_vd- a-fm

\qmpI F{X ]nn-mepw, Xe-ap-dI

- F{X amdn-ad
- np hmepw bYm
Cm-ans\ Jp-B\
- n-eq-sSbpw Ip-a \_n-Nc
- ym- hn-hc
- W
- - {]-am-W
- f
- n-eq-sSbpw
Is-m bmsXmcp {]bm-kh
- p-an-msX i-amb N-q-Sp-ap-m-bn. Fmepw AXv X\-Xmb cq]-n bpKm--c--fn-tep ]I-cm tbmKy-cm-bh - kzlm-_n-I, Xm_n-DI
- , Xm_n-D
- m-_n-DI
- , Ah-cpsS ]mXbn \nv
hyXn-N-en--msX A\p-K-an-p--h, kXy-h-gn-bn \npw Hcnpw amdm
\nkzmXY tkh-Imcmb ]cn-jvm-, Ahsc \njvIf
-
- a
- mbn ]nXpS-cp A\p-bmbnhr-. temIp Ch-scmw IqSn apow D-ns\ sISmhn-f-mbn kqnp kwc-n-p-sIm-n-cn-p-p. C-s\-bp-ff Kw`o-c-amb
kwhn-[m\w temIv asmcp aX-nt\m {]m-\
- nt\m C.

sbmcp {]hm-NI
- hcm-\n-.
Imc-Ww, Bh-iy-an-m-X
- psIm-p--X-s. Jeo-^-am-cpm- I pw. Ah- s cs _m
[yX Gs-Sp-p Fs
]nKm- a n- I - f m- W v . Ah
Imem-Im-e-ambn At\-I-apm- I pw. Ncn{Xw AXn\p
kmn-bm-W-tm. Jeo^
F t]cnepw Am-sXbpw
]n- X - m, ]cn- j v
m-, aX-t\-Xr-Xz-kw-LS-\I
- GXp-am-Imw. {]hm-NIs ZuXyw - {]t_m- [ \hpw kwkv - c - W - h pw Ah Gs- S p- p- s Imv
17

mn \_n-thjw sIn-bmSph ]e Bh- i ypw {]hm-N-Is at\Iw hN-\

- kt`mNnXw FSp-p-c
- n-m-dp-v.
Fm Cu \_n- h- N\w
Ahv ISp AePn-bmWv . Alv a Zv _pJm- c n,
apkznw, C_v\p-amP XpSn
GXm-sm lZokp {Kfnepw Ip-a ]c-c
- b
- n
hyXy-kvX]
- Z-
- e
- n-eqsS CXm At\Iw lZo-kp-If
- neq-tSbpw apl-Zv \_np
tijw
{]hm- N - I - \ n- ;
Pn{_o amemJ sImp-h `qan- b n- t e- p- f f Znhyt_m-[\
- a
- mb hlvbv Fst-p-ambn \ne-p; {]hmNI tImbpsS hnS-hp-m-bncp GI-aq-e
- v Rm\m-bncp- p; Fs \ntbm- K tmsS B Iv shv B
tIm ]q-am-bn; {K-fn Jp- B An- a - { Kw, {]hm-N-I-irw-J-e-bn
Rm\-y-I-n-bm-Wv; F\n
p tijw \_n hcm-\n-;
aqkmv tijw klm- b nbmbn lmdq \_nsb
\nb-an--s-n-cp-p;
F\np tijw \_n-Xz-aps-n Da-dns\ Amlp
\_n-bm-p-am-bn-cp-p; Fn-s\-bp-ff At\-I-a-t\-I
\- _ n- h - N - \ - - f m Bbncn Ccp-\qdv sIm-mew
apow temIw AwKo-Ic
- n
bmYmys \ntj-[nv
\ntj- [ n- I - f mbn Xo
AlvaZ- n-Is
- f JmZn-bm-\nI DXnp hnSp apgph P-\
- pw ta
\_n- h - N \w \nXy- i mn
\Ip-p.

\n \n-fpsS ISm-Sp-I `wKn-bmn

\n-ln-p-I. Ah
h-Xnepw hogvN hcpn-bm \n {]tIm]n-Xtcm A-S
- e
- w-LItcm AXn-{I-an-Itfm
BImsX Ah-cpsS
Ana Xocp-am\w Amlp-hn-tev hnSp-I.
Fmw ImWp-,
tIp-, \nb-np kc-I\
- mb
Amlp AXp Xocp-am\n-p-sIm-ffpw F
ip`m]vXn hnizm-ktmsS Xh-t- emsS
im-ambn Pohn-p-I.

18

I `wKn-bmn \n-ln-pI. Ah h-Xnepw hogvN

hcp-n-bm \n {]tIm]n-Xtcm A-S
- e
- w-LI
- tcm
AXn- { I- a n- I tfm BImsX
Ah-cpsS Ana Xocp-am\w
Am- l p- h n- t ev hnSp- I .
Fmw ImWp-, tIp, \nb- n- p k
c-I\
- mb Amlp AXp
Xocp-am-\n-p-sIm-ffpw F
ip`m]vXn hnizm-k-tmsS
Xh- - t emsS im- a mbn
Pohn-p-I.
C{Xbpw kzjv S - a mb
tah-N-\-n kwi-b-cln-Xa
- t\y F\np tijw
\_n- b n Xs Fp
hy-am--s-Sp-p.
Fm \_nXzw Nav
{]hmNI- X- k v X n- I - b p-

temI-s-hn-tSbpw Ckvemw
] ]nSnp \n-s-Sp
kwhn- [ m- \ w. Cmw Hcp
temI-{]-m-\a
- mbn. Hscm
Jeo^ temIw apgp-h `cnm thW- s a hminsbmpw Cm-an-\n-. AXv
Fm-epw {]mtbm-Kn-Ih
- pa- . cmPy- fpw cmjv { Sfpw kaq- l - fpw `qan
apgps ]Sp ]-enp
InS- p- p. `mjm, tZi,
h, h, PmXn t`Z-sfm- p- a n- msX Am- l phns Zo -hnip- - J pB -\_n-Ncy -Cm-an-Ikw-kvmcw CsXms Ipa coXn- b n GXmv
temI-ns app-aq-e-I-fnsemw Cpw \ne-sIm-ff
- pXv \ap--\p-`-h-t`-Zy-am-Wtm. {]hm-N-I ]dp:
cv alm- I mcyw Rm
\nmbn Ah-ti-jn-nn-cn-p-p. Am-lp-hns
hN-\a
- mb Jp-B. Fs
amXrIm Poh-X-N-cy. CXp
apdpsI ]nSnpw Ime- a {Xbpw \n ]ngp
t]mIn Xs. (_pJm-cn,
apkznw)
apkveow-temIw Fhn-sSsb-nepw kz]w ]ng-pt]m-Ip-p-s-n, ImcWw
Cu cv {]am- W -
ssIhn-Sp--Xm-sW-mWtm {]hm-NI
- ]d-Xns s]mcp. \mw FpsN- - W - s av {]hm- N - I
]d-bp-Xpw AXp-Xs
- .- \n Fs ]nKm-an-Isf
A\p-K-an-p-Ibpw Ahh- I m- i - s - Xv hI- s hp
sImSp- p-- I bpw Ahsc
A\p- k - c np
aptmp
t]mhp- I bpw
sNp- I .
\n \n-fpsS IS-m-Sp-

1435 dP_vd- a-fm

[\-hn-Nmcw
tUm.-Sn.-Fw.-tXm-akv sFkIv

CkvemanI _mv
bmYmy-am-Ip-tm

tI

c-f-n km ]np-W-tbmsS Hcp CkvemanI

[\-Im-cy- m-]\
-
- n\p thn Ap hj-ambn \S-p
{]bmWw ^e-{]m-]vXn-bn-em-bn. 'A_-dm' FmWv BZyw
Cn-cp t]cv. AXv "tNc-am ^n\mjy kokv ss{]hv
enan-Uv' Fm-n. Ckvemw Fp tIm lmen-fI
- p Nnecp-v. CkvemanI [\-Imcy m]\w Fv t]cp tIt
Xmakw kp{_-Wyw kzman ssltm-SX
- n-bn tIkv ^b
sNbvXp. ico-A-ns ASn-m-\-n {]hnp
_mv cq]-hX
- vc
- n-p-X
- n \nv tIcf kmdns\ XSb-W-sa-m-bn-cpp Bh-iyw.
Ign CS-Xp-]
- - P-\m-[n-]X
- ya
- p-Wn km FSp
Cu apssI tZio-b, AtZ-iob {i t\Sn. Fs
Chyq sNm h Hcp ]mmXy sSen-hn-j Soans
tNmZyhpw CXm-bn-cp-p. "Iyq-Wn-mb \n Ccw aXmNm-c{- ]-Im-ca
- p-ff m]\w Bcw-`n-p-X
- v FpsImv?'
Ahp-ff adp-]Sn CXm-bn-cp-p. "Fs hnizm-k-a
Imcyw, P\--fpsS hnizm-k-amWv. ap-f-f-hv lm\n-I-c-asn GXv aX-hnizm-knpw kzw hnizm-k {- ]-Imcw Pohnp- - X n- \ p- f f kuI- c y- s am- c p- p- - X n- \ v aX\nc- t ]
kmdn\pw IS- a - b p- v . Ckv e mw aX- h nizm- k - { ]- I mcw
1435 dP_vd- a-fm

19

{]hn p Hcp ]en-ic-ln-X-[-\-Imcy m]\w

XpS-m-\p-ff apssI FSpm\pw CS-Xp-]w Xs
thn hp.
]ecpw Icp- X pXp
t]mse Ckv e manIv [\Imcy m]\w Fp ]dm apkveosf [\-]c- a mbn klm- b n- m- \ p- f f
Hcp m]-\-a-. GXv aX\pw Cu m]-\
- ns
klmbw kzoI- c n- mw.
Fm, Hcp \n_--\-bpv.
]n-bn-dn sImp-ff
DXv]
-
- , aZyw, ab-p-acpv XpSn Ckvemw \njn- s av Icp- X p- - h - b psS
Dev ] m- Z - \ - nt\m Aoe
hnt\m-Z-{]-h\
tm thn m]\w
klmbw \Ip-Ib
- n-. I\n- b n apX apS- m
Xm-dp-ff GXv aX-\pw
Ub- d - I v S t_mUn
AwK-am-Ip-X
- n\pw XS-a
- n. A _dm-ns Ub-dIv S t_mUn XpSw
apXte Aapkv e ofpw
Dm-bn-cp-p.
Ckv e mw aXn\v B
ob hnizmk {]am- W smw kmaq- l n- I ,
km- n- I - { Iaw kw_npw Imgv - N - m- S p- v .
kzn\pw Itm-f-n\pw
]c-am-[nImcw In-p
H AXv . temIs
kv Am- l p- h ns
Ir]-bm-Wv. AXns {Sn
am{X-amWv DS-a
. Irjn,
hyh- k m- b w, hmWnPyw
Fn-hb
- n-eqsS Cu kv
hnn-pI FXv a\pjys IS-a-bm-Wv. ]t,
]Ww sImv ]Ww s]cp20

n- p {]h\
]mSn-.-Im-cWw ]W-n\v
AXn Xs aqey-an-.- AXp-sIm-mWv "dn_' Asn ]eni CS-]m-Sp-Isf
ldm-ambn AYhm \njn-ambn Ckv emw Icp-Xp-X
- v.
]en-i am{Xa, Dul-
- h
- Shpw NqXm-hpw Agn-aX
- nbpw
ldm-am-Wv. Itm-f-ns
]c- a m- [ n- I mcw Ckv e mw
AwKo-I-cn-p-n-. IpIbpw AXncp Ihn
Ak-a-Xzhpw ]mSn-. Fmh-cp-tSbpw ASn-m\ Bhiy- \n-ln-s-SW
- w.
Fm- h - c p- w
Ah- c psS
kzns Hcp `mKw ]mh-

2009-1- 0 se _P-n-em-bncpp CkvemanI [\Imcy m]-\s

- -p-dnp-ff \ntiw
aptmp sh-Xv.
CXns\ XpSv
'GWv BUv bv'
F Ik
knsb-smv hni-Zamb km[yXm ]T\w
\S-n. I-\nbpw cPn sNbvXp. Fm,
Hcp Imcyw hy-am-bn-cpp. Cy-bn \ne-hn-epff \nb-aN
- -
- q-Sn-\p-ffn ]en-ic
- l
- n-X_
- mv
Bcw-`nm Ign-bn-.
AXp-sImv Hcp _mnXc [\-Im-cy-m-]\
- a
- mbn-mWv I\n cPn-
sNbvX-Xv.

p \evI-Ww. kmn-tbpw kZ-Jn-t

bpw ASn-m-\
- n-ep-ff D
t hnI-k\ kamWv Ckv e man- t - X v . I
tmfw kmaq-lnI\n-b-{W-n\v Iogvs-SW
- w. Cu
Bi-b
- f
- psS XpS-bmbn
HcnkvemanI tkmjy-env
Nnm- [ mc Ncn{X- n
\apv ImWm Ign- b pw.
tkmhn-bv hn-h-Im-ev
at[y-jy-bnepw AXv Adp]-Xp-If
- n Ad_v tZio-bX
- bnepw \ap- nXv kv ] jv S ambn ImWm- \ m- I pw. Cu
NnI- f psS Df- f - S - s
pdnpw ]cn-Wm-as-pdnpw hyXykvX A`n-{]m-b Dv . ]t, AhnXn-Xa
- mb Hcp Imcy-ap-v.
Cs BtKmf apX-emfn {Ia-tmSv Ckveman\v
s]mcp- - s - S m- \ m- h n- .
^n\mkv aqe-[-\-ns
B[n-]X
- y-amWv ChnsS \Sam-Sp--Xv. Dul---h-Shpw
NqXm-h
- p-amWv CXns apJap-{Z. 1980- ^n\mjy
BkvXn-I 12 ew tImSn
tUmf- d m- b n- c p- p. 2001--
CXns XpI 206 ew
tImSn tUmf-dm-Wv. temI
Dev]m-Z\w 65 ew tImSn
am{Xw. cm- b n- c - n
temI-hym-]mcw 606 ew
tImSn tUmf. ]t, hntZi- \ m- W - b - hn- \ n- a bw 1500
tImSn tUmf. \mep Znhks hntZ-ih
- n-\n-abw aXn
Hcp hjs I-hS-
- n-\v.
_lp-cmjv{S I-\n-I-fpsS
20-50 iX-am\w em`hpw ]Wan- S - ] m- S p- I - f n \nm- W v .
]Ww sImv ]Ww Dmp, As-n hyh-kmb-nepw Irjn-bnepw I1435 dP_vd- a-fm

h- S - nepw
Dm- I p
ans XnsbSp- p
hyh- - b mWv B[p- \ nI
^n\mkv Imn-e
- n-kw. Cu
nXn hntijw tkmjy-enkhpw Ckv e map- a m- b p- f f
kl- I - c - W - ns hensbmcp km[yX Xpd-p-pv.
2009--10 se _P-n-em-bncpp CkvemanI [\-Imcy
m]- \ - s - p- d n- p- f f
\ntiw aptmp sh-Xv.
CXns\ XpSv 'GWv
BUv
bv '
F
Ik knsb-smv
hni-Za
- mb km[yXm ]T\w
\S-n. I-\nbpw cPn-
sNbv X p. Fm, Hcp
Imcyw hy- a m- b n- c p- p.
Cy-bn \ne-hn-ep-ff \nba- N - - q- S n- \ p- f - f n ]en- i
cln-X-_mv Bcw-`nm
Ign-bn-. AXp-sImv Hcp
_mn-Xc [\-Im-cy-m-]\
- am-bn-mWv I\n cPn-
sNbvX-Xv.
_mv Am- b n- c p- - X n1435 dP_vd- a-fm

\m Cu m]- \ - n\v
sNnS]mSp- I ]mSn- .
]t, Hmlcn hnX- c Ww
sNmw. dnkv _mv A\ph- Z n- m sUtm- k npw
kzoI-cn-mw. Cu sUtmknpIv ]en-ib
- {]Xn^-ew. ImcWw I\n ]eni-c-ln-X-amb CS-]m-Sp-Itf
\S- q. AXn \np- f f
em`-hn-ln-X-amWv \nt-]Ip \evIp-I. Fs\
]en-i-c-ln-X-amb CS-]m-SpI B[p- \ nI temIv
\Smw F-Xn-\v \psS
\mn Xs At\Iw
amXr-II
- f
- p-v. CXn\p ]pdsa, temIv Htsd ]co-W- fpw \S- p- p- v .
Hcm ]Ww apSn asmcm I- h - S - t am Dev ] m- Z \tam
\Sn
em`w
]pshbv p
"ap- Z md_'bmWv {][m-\s
- Hcp
coXn. shz Imn
^p- I - f psS {]h\w
t]mse-bm-Wn-Xv. Cu ^pI kwcw-`-Iv hmbv]

\evIp-I-b-. adnv kwcw-`ns hmWn-Py -km-[y-XI ]cn- K - W n- p- s Imv

apX
apS- p- I - b mWv
sNp-Xv. em`-n Hcp
]v ^n\p e`n-p-p.
IqSnb hnebvv Xncnp
hmm-sa Icm-dns ASnm-\
- n-ep-ff hnev]\
- sb
'apdm-_l' Fp hnfn-pp. hmbv]b
- n-m CS-]mSp-I CXp-hgn \S-m
]pw. Ctm Cu XXzns ASn-m-\
- n-ep-ff
Ckv e manIv t_mp- I
]e cmPy-f
- nepw {]m_-eyn-ep-v. _n.-H.Sn CS-]m-SpI-tfbpw Hcp ]en-i-c-ln-Xkw- c w- ` - a m- mw. tNc- a m
^n\mjy kokv
I\n Ctm hJ^v
kzp- CXp-t]m-semcp
amXr-Ib
- n hnI-kn-n-p-Xn- \ p- f f ]co- - W - n\v
Iq- c n XpS- - a nv Ignp. Cy- b n Cv
GXmv
Ap- e w
21

G hJ^v kzp-
Dv FtmWw. Xh-Wbmbn ASp Xom-hp
Hn- b n- e qsS b{- k m- a - { KnIfpw sInSfpw apw
hmn \Ip k{- Z mbhpw I\n Bhn-jv-cnn-p-v. CPm-d-lns Hcp
hIt`Z- a mbn CXns\ Im
Wmw. hntZi Cy-m-cS-
- ap-ff hyn-Ipw m]\- pw I- \ n- b n
sjb-dp-I-sf-Sp-mw.
Ccw Hcp ]co-Ww
tIc-f
- n Bcw-`n-X
- ns
km- nI bpn ]enisb Xf-fn-d
- b
- p \mnse
aX-hnizm-kn-If
- psS km-Zy am{X-a-, temIs
Ckv e manI ^p- I - f psS
hym]vXnbpw IW-n-se-Spp- I - b p- m- b n.
Cv
CkvemanIv ^v BkvXnI 1.6 ew tImSn tUmf
hcpw. {]Xn-hjw 20 iXam\w shmWv Ah hf-cp-Xv. Ad_n cmPy-v
s]t{Sm hnp Inp AXn`o- a - a mb tUmf tiJcw
^n\mkv Imn- - e ns
Atm-kvX-e-m-cmb _lpcmjv { S IpI _mp- I fpsS ]-emWv kqn-p-Xv. thsd t]mwh-gn-I
C. Cu `oa s]t{Sm-tUmf tiJcw BtKm- f - ^ n\mkv k-Zvhyh-bpsS
Hcp kp{]-[m\ LS-Ia
- m-Wv.
Cu ^p-I BIjn-m\mbn _lp-cmjv{S IpI
_mp-I X-fpsS km[mcW _mnv CS- ] m- S pIsmw Ckv e manIv
hntUm Xpdp XpS-n-bnp-v.
Cu kev ] w tIc- f nse {Sj-dn-bn {]mh
22

Ccw Hcp ]co-Ww

tIc-f
- n Bcw-`n-Xns km-nI bpn
]en-isb Xf-fn-d
- b
- p
\mnse aX-hnizm-kn-IfpsS km-Zy- am{X-a, temIs CkvemanI
^p-If
- psS hym]vXnbpw
IW-n-se-Sp-p-I-bp-mbn. Cv CkvemanIv
^v BkvXn-I 1.6
ew tImSn tUmf
hcpw. {]Xn-hjw 20 iXam\w shmWv Ah hfcp-X
- v. Ad_n cmPyv s]t{Sm hnp
Inp AXn-`o-aa
- mb
tUmf tiJcw
^n\mkv Imn-e
- ns
Atm-kvX-e-m-cmb
_lp-cmjv{S IpI
_mp-If
- psS ]-emWv
kqn-p--Xv.
n-Ia
- m-p-sa-mWv bp.-Un.F^v kmdns BZy
_Pn {]Jym-]n-X
- v. Hcp
kzX{ [\-Imcy m]\w
Ipdp \m {Xni-p-hn-embn. ]pXnb \ow XnIpw
A{]-mtbm-Kn-Ihpw Ckvem
anIv Xzv hncp-h
- pam-Wv F hnai\w Ap
Xs Dbn-cp-p. {Sj-dnbnse CkvemanIv hntUmbn-eqsS kzoI-cn-p ]Ww
ldm-amb Imcy-v D]tbm- K - s - S p- n Fv
Fs\ Ddp hcp-pw?
A\p-`h
-
- ns ASn-m-\n-em-bn-cn--Ww. Ipdp
\mfs Aam- - n\p

tijw Ctm tNc- a m

^n\mjy kokv enanUv Bcw-`n-m Xocp-am-\am-b-Xv.
]t, dnkv _mn\v
]pXnb kwcw- ` - ns
km[y-XI
- t_m[y-s-n-.
CkvemanIv [\-Im-cy-m-]\- ns km[y- X - I sf
A\p- I q- e nv dntmv
\Inb ]n- X - \ mWv
Cs dnkv _mv
Kh cLpdmw cmP.
Cu dntmmbn-cpp tIcf
km Cm- c y- n- s eSp apssIbvv {]tNmZ-\a
- mb Hcp Imcyw. ]t,
Atlw Kh- d mbnpw
dnkv _mns ]ncn-apdpw Ab-bp-n-. Hmlcn
aqe-[\
-
- n-eqsS ^v kzcq]n-mw. ]t, sUtmknp-I kzoI-cn-m ]mSn
FmWv Ah-cpsS Ctmgs \ne-]m-Sv. \ne-hn-ep-ff
\nb-a{- ]-Imcw sUtmknv
kzoI-cn-p m]-\
-
Ah \Ip ]en-i-\ncv \nbnv dnkv
_mns\ Adnbn- t - Xpv. ]en-ic
- l
- nX [\-Imcy-m-]\w Fs\-bmWv
]eni \nbnpI? Hcp
]t ]qPyw ]eni \n
bnv dnkv _mns\
Adnbn- p- I - b m- b n- c npw
{]Xn-hn-[n. hntZ-i^
-
- p-Isf
BIjn-p-X
- n\p thn
If- f - - W - n\pw \nIpXn
shn- n\pw hsc Hmi
sNbvXp-sIm-Sp-p `c-Wm[n-Im-cn-I Cm-cy-n
ImWn-p Imiyw Hcp
Xam-i-bm-Wv.
(I-S-mSv: amXr-`q-an)

1435 dP_vd- a-fm

]T\w
\_o- lwk _mwq

{io\m-cm-b-W-Kp-cp-hns ssZh-Z-i-Ihpw
Xzco-J
- p-Im-cpsS emC-eml C-mbpw
Am-ep apkvenw \thm-m\ \mb-I
- m-cp-ambn CuSp _w
]pen-bn-cp \mcm-bW Kpcp-hn Ckvem-anse GI-ssZ-h-knmw i-ambn kzm[o-\n-n-cp-p. AtXm-sSmw lnp--fnse
Xmgv PmXn-msc D-Xn-bn-se-n-t-X
- p-ap-m-bn-cpp. Ahsc
BIjn-m\pw sslh [m-[n-jvTn-Xm-Zi- ssIsh-Sn-bm\p hnap-JX
- bpw At-ls \njv]
- \
- mb aXm-Nm-cn-bmn amnbn-cp-p. PmXo-bi
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- n \nv c-s-Sm Ckvem-an tNpsIm-m IogvPm-Xn-mv Atlw au\m-\p-hmZw \In.

kzman

{io\m-cm-b-WKpcp \qdp hj- v

apv 1914 "ssZh-Z-iIw'
F t]cn efn-Xa
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{]m-\m-IrXn cNn-n-p-v.
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kvtXm{X-Io-\--fnepw
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BXynIamb kXyw Isnb Hcp Ejn-h-cy-\m-bncpp At- l - s a- mWv
Fm-hcpw hniz-knp t]mcp- X v . PmXn- N n- - b psS
A- a n- mbv a hy- a mm "PmXn-e-W'sa
IrXn Atlw cNn--Xn\p
]pd- s a,
Poh- I m- c pWy
alXzw hnh-cn-p "PohIm- c p- W y- ] - Iw' F
IrXnbpw A\p-I-m-Z-iIw
F ]pkvXI
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\S- c m- P - K pcp ]d- b p- p- v .
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ssZhw a\p- j y\v , Hcp
tbm\n- s bm- c m- I m- c w, Hcp
t`Z- h p- a n- - X n'' F
1435 dP_vd- a-fm

kp{]-kn hN\w PmXn-Nn-bpsS IS-bv In-shbvp-X

- m-bn-cp-p. PmXn-t`Z-an-m H a\p-jy-hw-isbpw GI- \ mb ssZhsbpw Atlw kz]v\w
Ip.

Kpcp-hns Ckvemw
a\v
Am- e p apkv e nw
\thm- m\ \mb- I - m- c pambn CuSp _w
]pen-bn-cp \mcm-bW
Kpcp-hn Ckvem-anse GIssZ-h-kn-mw i-ambn
kzm[o- \ n- n- c p- p. AtXmsSmw lnp-f
- nse Xmgv
PmXn-msc D-Xn-bn-se-nt- - X p- a p- m- b n- c pp.
Ahsc BIjn- m\pw
sslh [m-[n-jvTn-XmZi- ssIsh-Sn-bm-\p
hnap- J - X bpw At- l s
\njv ] - - \ mb aXm- N m- c nbmn amn-bn-cp-p. PmXo-bim-]-n \nv c-sSm Ckv e m- a n tNp-

sIm-m IogvPm-Xn-mv
Atlw au\m- \ p- h mZw
\In. {]hm- N I aXp k- X - a m- b n- p
ssZh- k - ]w At- l n cq]-s--X--s\-bmWv. kzw aX-n \nv
ap-am-Im Ign-bp-p-an-.
Am-e
- W
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- v. inh-Kncn
aT- nse Xs hfp_m- e - mp
kym
{]m- \ - mbn ae- b m- f nsegp- X nb efn- X - a mb
sImp-Ir-Xn-bm-W-Xv.
AXnse ssZh- t m- S p
\njvI-f--amb t\p-t\sc-bp {]m\ Cs\
hmbn-mw.
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Imp-sImIp
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Fp XpSn A- h kv{XmZn apmsX Xp-cnv Rsf [\y-cm23

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{]m]n- ey-am-n-b-h F-h-Im-i-s-Sp-p. "JZvcn-v' (a-\p-jyI-f
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-
- . Fmw a\p-jys kzbw
IrXn Fv hmZn Iq) F {]m\w DS-se-Sp-t- m Ahsc ]cmP-bs
- -Sp-m\pw XIm\pw Hcp adp-In P_vcn-v (a-\p-jy\p
bmsXmcp Ign-hp-an-. Hnepw ]p-an-. khpw Amlp A-tm
\Insmn-cn-p-p. khpw hn[n-Xs Fp hmZn-p In)
Pw sImp. Ah-cpsS BZiw ISw hmn-b-h-cmWv kq^n-bm-.
Xzco-J
- p-Im AXns {]tbm-m-f
- p-am-Wv.
p \osbmp Xs
Rp Xp- c m
Bgnbpw Xncbpw Impw
Bghpw t]mse Rfpw
ambpw \n aln- a bpw
\obp- s a- p- n- e m- I - W w.''
F- X p- h sc Id- I - f
GI- s sZ- h - ns apn
kan-p {]m-\m-KoX-am-WX
- n \mw ImWp-X
- .v
hnip Jp-B-\-S--ap
thZ-{K-
- f
- nse {]hm-NI
- a- X - - t fmSv ]q- a mbn
tbmPn-p ssZh-hn-izm-kZi-\hpw {]m-\-bpw.

sslh Zi\w
Fm, sslh `mc-Xan- p- I - f n Fpw CgtN _lp- s sZ- h - nsbpw AssZz-Xm-Zi-nsbpw Bcy-hn-izm-k-nsbpw XXz-imkv{Xw knth-in-n {]m\mKoXamWv ]noSv \mcm- b W
Kpcp-hn \nv Dd-hs
- b-Sp-p-Xv. ssZhm-hX
- m-cw, ssZhn-e-enp tNcp \n
m-Ww, Rm Xs ssZh
tam ssZhmw- i tam Hs
Bbn-o-cpp-sh k
]w. B k]-n-e-[njvTn-Xa
- mb Bcm-[\m Ifpw {]m-\I
- fpw A24

\-I-fpw. ssZh-Z-i-I-n
]noSv ]d-bpp: ""\obtm
krjv S nbpw krjv S m- h mbXpw krjvSn-Pm-ehpw
\obtm ssZh-ta, krjvSnp kma-{Kn-bm-bXpw
\obtm ambbpw amb-hnbpw ambm-hn-t\m-Z\pw
\obtm ambtb \on
kmbqPyw \Ip- a m- c y\pw.'' At\Iw tZh-X-Isf
Bcm-[n-p aX-k{- -Zm-bn\p XneIw Nmptmgpw BXy- n- I - a mb
Aym-n-I-X-bvmWv
Bcy-aX
- m-Nm-cy-m Du
\Im- d p- - X v . ta{]m
\m KoX-n-eqsS \mcmbW Kpcphpw Ahn-sS-bmWv
Fn-t-cp--sXp
ImWmw.
GsX-nepw tZho, tZhmsc k]n-msX GIssZ-hs (a-y--mtcm
CS-bm-f-mtcm ip]mi-I
tcm IqSm-sX) A-s\-
s t\cnv kwt_m- [ \
sNbvXv {]mn-p {]m
- \ - I `mc- X - n
lnp-aX
-
- n C Xs.
Fm \mcm- b W Kpcphns ta{]m-\-bn
BZy-`mKw ssZhs t\cn
p {]mn-p hn[-am-Wv.

GI\pw GI-k-Xy-hp-amb
ssZhs am{Xw B{i-bamn apkvenw-Is
- f-tmse
\S-p Id-If
- {]m
-\. AXn-ib
- I
- c
- s
- ap ]db-s, Kpcp-hns ka-\z-bmZi-ns \nZi-\-amWv
]noSv At-l-n \mw
ImWp-X
- v. (ap-l
- Zv \_n(k)-bpsS ]nXr-hy A_qXzm-en-_ns \ne-hm-c
- n-temWv {io\m- c m- b - W - K pcp
Fn-t-cp--sXp D]-anmw. BZi-kv^p-SX
- b
- nepw
knm---fnepw sscynepw apl-Z- ns\ Ah-KWn-m-\m-Ip-n A_q-Xzmen-_n\v. Fm apl-Z- n
\nv hyXn- N - e n- n- p
Xs ]mc- cy aXm- Z in A-em-n-em-hp-I-bmW-tlw sNbvX-Xv.) Ahkm\w ]ca bmYmyn\p apn ]X-dn-tm-bn.
C-cs
- am-ch
-
b
- n \mcmb-WK
- p-cphpw AI-s-Sp-Ib
- mWp-m-b-Xv.

_p-aXw An-ad
- np
_p-a-Xm-Nm-cy-\mb
{io_p- bYm- a mb
Id-If
- XuloZv GIssZ- h - k n- m BWv
{]t_m-[\w sNbvXn-cp-X
- v.
1435 dP_vd- a-fm

AXyp--Xn-bn-ep {kjv
Smhpw \mY\pw hn[n-Imhp- a mb ssZh- s - b mWv
Atlw ]cn-N-b-s-Sp-nbXpw B ssZh- ns
kt-i-hm-l-I\pw `-\pam-Wv Xms\pw Atlw
hnfw- _ cw sNbv X - X pw.
Fm At-l
- ns B
aXs sslh sslPmnw-Kn-eqsS asm-m-bmWv
]nm-ev temI-n\p
apn Ah-Xc
- n-n-s
- -X
- v.
XqWnepw Xpcp-nepw In
epw apc-Snepw Imn-c
- p-nbnepw apnepw apc-Snepw
aq ]mn-ep-samw
kI-e-Po-h-Pm-e--fnepw
"\nd- p- X p- f pn ebnv
tN ]c-ak
- X
- y-am-bn-p'
F Bpw {Kln-m-\mIm hnizmk kwkvIm-cam-bn-mWv Ah-Xm-cs
- a-Sp-Xv . Ah- k m\w _p
ssZh- n hnebw
\nmWw {]m]np Fm
Wv ]d-p-sh--Xv. kXy
s An- a - d nv `mc- X ob
ssl-h-an-n apn-smcnp Fp kmcw. AXp-Xs-bmWv \mcm-bW
- K
- p-cp-hnt-Xnepw \mw ImWp-X
- v.

Xzco-Jpw
emC-em-lbpw
ta]-d--Xns Hcmh- \ - a mWv {Kon
\npw t]jy-bn \npw
ap-ambn Pem-ep-o dqan-sbtm-ep-h
- c
- n-eqsS Ckvem-antep IS-p-hv kq^n-kambn cq]m--c-sv Xzco-Jmbn Ah- X m- c - s a- S p- np BZiw. tImSm- \ ptImSn \-{X-fpw oc]-Y
- fpw -dp-Ifpw KmeIvkn-Ifpw Fmw AS-p
1435 dP_vd- a-fm

Cu alm- { ]- ] - - - f p- s Ssbmw {kjvSmhpw kwc-I\pw \nb-m-hp-amb atlm-X\pw GI-\p-amb Amlp-hn-s\-p-dnv FmWp

Xzco-J-p-Im-cpsS [mcW?
Amlp Bcm-sW cl
kyw Xp am{Xta Xpdp-In-n-bn-pq Fv P]np Xzco- J p ssiJm Am-lp-hn DSp
tNcm\pw ebnv Hm-Im\pw
Ah-km\w Amlp Xsbm- I m\pw AlX t\Snsbv _Umbn hnSp-X
- p-ImWmw. Hcp krjvSn-bn-tepw

Pohn-X-Im-e-m-bmepw
ac-W-ti-j-am-bmepw
{]hm-NI
- t- \mSv klmbw
tNmZn-mw. B tNmZyw
bYm-n Am-lphn-t\m-Sp-X-s-bm-Wv.
Atm dkq(-k)
a[y-hn-bm-Wv. Amlp-hns Huen-bm-t- fmSp klm-bt- X-hpw
C{]-Imcw Xs. Xhpepw CkvXn-Kzm-kbpw
acn-h
- t- cmSpw Am-h-tcmSpw BImw. CXn-eS-nb clkyw a\-nem-Im-h
- c
- mWv Xhpepw CkvXn-Kzm-kbpw
]m]-am-sWp ]d-bp-Xv. Ien-a
- p-u-loZn CsXmw BIm-sap-v. Cs\
t]mIpp Xzco-Jv
hmZ-.

lrZbw Xncn-bmsX Am-lphn- am{Xw hnebw {]m]n ey-am-n-bh

- Fh-Im-is
- -Sp-p. "JZvcn-v'
(a-\p-jy-I--fn
bmsXmcp ssZh- h n- [ nbpw
_m[- I - a - . Fmw a\pjys kzbw IrXn Fv
hmZn Iq) F {]m
\w DS-se-Sp-t- m Ahsc
]cm-P-b-s-Sp-m\pw
XIm\pw Hcp adp-In
P_vcn-v (a-\p-jy\p
bmsXmcp
Ign- h p- a n- .
Hnepw ]p-an-. khpw
Amlp A-tm \In
smn-cn-p-p. khpw
hn[n- X s Fp hmZnp In) Pw sImp.
Ah- c psS BZiw ISw
hmn-b-h-cmWv kq^n-bm. Xzco-J
- p-Im AXn
s {]tbm-m-f
- p-am-Wv.

inns hgnsb
lnIvav F cl-kym\w knn- - h - c mWv
R. R- msX
ampw Am-lp-hn-t\mSv
klmbw tNmZn-m Ign-bn. bmsXmcp krjvSn-tbmSpw
bmsXmcphn[ klm-bhpw
tXSmsX khpw Am-lphn-t\mSv am{Xw tNmZn-m
Kw`o-c-]-cn-io-e\w t\Sn-bht Ign-bq. ImcWw D]Im- t cm- ] - { Z- h - GXpw
(Hcp krjv S nbpw Hpw
Hcmpw Hn\pw klm-bnm- \ m- I n- . Fm klmbhpw Am-lp-hn am{Xw
\nn-]vX-am-Wv Pn_vcn-ns ho-Ww) Am-lphn \np am{Xta Dm-Iq.
acn--hcpw Pohn-n-cn-p-hcpw CXn Xpey- c m- W v .
AXn-\m Hcmsf klm-bn25

pI F hnj- b - n
Cu krjv S n- I mpw
kzbw Hcp tbmKy-X-bp-an-.
apl-Zv \_n(-k)p t]m
epw B tbmKy-Xb
- n-m-bn-cpp-hs
- {X. Fm \_nbpw
kzlm- _ n- I fpw hnizm- k nIfpw klmbw sNp-sap
hnip Jp-B-\n ]d-bp-Xns ]cw-s]m-cp-fp-I
cl-ky-m-\-ap--h-cpsS
Ah- [ m- \ - X - t bm- s S- b p
hymJym-\
- sImt a\n-em-Iq. AsXms t\Snb
Am-\n-I R-fs{X. (k-Xym-kX
- y- Iqn- e n- b mWv hmZ- sfmw D-bn-s
- -Sp-X
- v).
emC-em-l-C--m-bpsS
Aw Rp am{Xta
a\- n- e m- b n- pq AXv
kzbw ]Tn-m-s\mpw Ignbn-. GsX-n-ep-samcp apdn- b mb ssiJns km
m ASn-a-bm-bn-o
apco-Zp-I-fmbmte Xzco-Jn-eqsS B knn-In-q.
Ien-ab
- psS s]mcp-fd
- n-bm-h- c mWv Am- l p- h n- t \mSv
am{Xta {]mn- mhq
Fv ]d- b p- - h . {]m
\ Am-lp-thmSv am{Xw
F hnj-b-n XuloZns\ Nne (ap-Pm-ln-Zp-If
- mW-h) ]cn-an-Xs
- -Sp-n-bn-cnp- p. Pohn- X - I m- e - mbmepw ac-W-ti-j-am-bmepw
{]hm- N - I - t \mSv klmbw
tNmZn- mw. B tNmZyw
bYm-n Am-lp-hnt\m-Sp-Xs
- -bm-Wv. Atm
dkq(-k) a[y-hn-bmWv. Am-lp-hns Huen-bm-tfm-Sp klm-bt- X-hpw
C{]-Imcw Xs. Xh-pepw
Ckv X n- K zm- k bpw acn- - h tcmSpw Am- - h - t cmSpw
26

BImw. CXn-e-S-nb cl
kyw a\-n-em-Im-h
- c
- mWv
Xh-pepw CkvXn-Kzm-kbpw
]m]-am-sWp ]d-bp--Xv.
Ien-a-p-u-lo-Zn
CsXmw BIm- s a- p- v .
Cs\ t]mIpp XzcoJv hmZ-.

ebn-p-tN-cp ssZhw
Npcp--n hn{K-l-]qP- I ssZh- n- t e- s m hn{K- l s a[yhn-tbm, ip]mi-Itcm
CS-bm-ftcm Imc-W-mtcm
Hs-bmbn k]n-p-Xp-t]m-se, Fm-nepw Amlp, a\p-jy Am-lp-hn
sNp- t Nv ebn- pw,
Aym-nI hgn-bn-eqsS Ic-am-p cl-ky-m-\nIv ssZh-I]-\-I-sfm
pw _m[n-n ImcWw
Ah Xs Amlp Bbno-cp-Ib
- m-Wtm \a-kvIcn-t-X
- n-. ico-A
- nse
\nb-a
- s
- fmpw _m[-Ia
-
(_m-[-I-am-Ip--h-cp-ap-v)
ssZh- k v a - c - W - b psS Bgns Bg-n-te-s-nbm ]ns ssZhs
Hmm-\mbn \n-bn \akvImcw t]mep C_m-Zp- I th- X n- tm
Bcm-[-\-I-tfm, ico-Ap
\nb-a
- tfm _m[-Ia
-
- m-XmIp Ah {]m]n-m
Ipsd ]Z-hn-Ifpw m\-b- - fpw Xzco- J - p- I m
]d-p-m-p-p-v.
Xulo-Zns Bkzm-Zy-I-camb A\p- ` q- X n- b n- t ev
sNs- m Ah D
m- g v N - b p Hcp hgn- I mnsb tXtS- n- h - c p- a - s {X.
Jpe- ^ m- A - v , Jp- _ m- A - v ,
\pP- _ m- A - v , Kukp- I ,

Ahp- X m- Z p- I , \pJv _ m- D I As\bs\ ]nimNp- tXmn- n- p

At\Iw \ma-f
- n-ed
- n-bs
- Sp Zd-PI
- f
- pv Xzco-J
- pI-fn. hnip Jp-B-\nsebpw Ip-a {]hm-NI
- h
- N
- \-f
- n-sebpw ap Ncn-{X-fn- s ebpw hN- \ - - s fbpw
kw`-h
- s
- fbpw Bh-iym-\pkmcw Zphym-Jym\w sNbv
Xv CsXmw m]n-s-Spm anSp-an-Sp--m-cm-Wns At\Iw t]cp-If
- d
- nb-s-Sp Xzco-J
- p-Im.
lnp-a-X-n-sebpw
ss{Ikv X h k\ym- k - nsebpw ]utcm- l n- X y- nsebpw _p-a-X-n-sebpw
\mcm-bW
- K
- p-cp-hns AssZzX-n-s-bp-sams BsIpI Acn-s-Sp Ckvemans tasmSn tNv {]Ncn- n- - s - S p BZyyw
Ckv e m- a ns\ XIm
km[y-am-p Bi-b-k-ap-b
- fpw AXns hn[m-Xm-fp-amWv Xzco-J-p-Ifpw
AXns {]Nm- c - I - c p- s av
CXn \nsmw t_m[y-amIp-p. ChnsS {io\m-cm-bW
- Kp- c p- h ns AssZz- X hpw
Xzco-J-p-Im-cpsS Iena
emC- e m- l - C - - mlv bpw
ka- \ z- b n- n- p inbmWv Xzco-Jv Fv a\n-em-m {]bm-ka
- n-.

An-If
- m ]WnX Cu
ico-cs chpw amwk
hpw ad-n-cn-b
- m-Wv. Po
W-Xbpw ac-Whpw anYym`n-am-\hpw Ipw ]d-nepw
AXn-\I
-
- mWv hkn-p-Xv.
([a-]Z- w)
1435 dP_vd- a-fm

am-an-m {]]-h- y-h

amp--h

Fw.-A-en-a-Wn-Iv^m

""A

m-lp-hns ] amk-f
- psS Fw 12 BWv. hm\-fpw
`qanbpw ]S \m apX Ch-bn \mev amk- ]hn-{X-am-Wv'' Fp
Jp--B \s Adn-bn-p-p.
Jp-B P\-v hniZo-Ic
- n-p-hm-\mbn Amlp \ntbm-Kn apl-Zp-ap-kvX-^m-k-e-m-lp-A-sse-ln-h-kw Cu amk- N{-am-k-fmsWpw AXns Afhv N{s {`a-Wa
- \
- p-kc
- nv 29Hm 3- 0Hm Znh-k
- f
- msWpw P\-sf ]Tn-n-p.
N{-am-k
- n-X
- n-I am{Xta P\- D]-tbm-Kn-mhq Fpw hni-ZoI-cn-p. Jp--B\
- n kqd-p_-Jd
- b
- n 189 m- w hN\w ""P\- N{-e-I-sf-n tNmZn-p-p. Ah P\-pw ln\pw Xn-Xn-bm-Wv''
Fp hfsc hy-amb `mj-bn Amlp ]d-p. AXns\ hni-Zo-Ic
- np-sImv dkpIcnw (k) Adnbn--Xn-{]-Im-c-am-Wv. ""Amlp N{--eIsf P\-v Xn-Xn-If
- mbn \n-bn-n-cn-p-Ib
- m-Wv. Ahsb t\mn
t\mp XpS-p-I, Ahsb t\mn s]cp-m BN-cn-pI. t\mm km[nmsX {]bm-kI
- c
- hpw kwi-bm-h
- bpw Dm-bm apXp ]qn-bm-pI.
Ah-bpsS ASn-m-\
- n Xs _en-Ihpw \-S
- pI Fv.''
lnem Ip \n tijw Nne kmyw hln-p-Ibpw amkw XpSn-b-sXp `mc-hm-ln-I Adn-bn-p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp BNmcw Apm-bn-cp-p. AXns\ dkq (k) AwKo-Ic
- n-n-. AXn-s\-Xn-cmbn dkq
Iev]n-Xv ""kzqap-en-dp-Avbnlo'' AXns (A-ln-) ImgvNbvv t\mp1435 dP_vd- a-fm

27

Xp-S-pI Fm-Wv. ]t
]noSp P\w ]gb BNm-cn- t ebv v aS- p- I bpw
""lnem Im t\mp
XpS- pI'' F ZphyJym\w \evIp-Ibpw sNbvXp
t]mp. A_- - - f psS
XpSw Chn-sS-bm-Wv.

Ftm-gmWv lnem
ImWp-Xv?
CXmcpw ]cn-tim-[n-m-dn. lnem Fp ]d- b pXv hf-cp Ie-ImWv. BZys hf-cp Ie
ImWp-Xv amkm-cw-`
- n
BZys Znhkw kqcy
AkvXa
- np Ign-m-emWv.

]e-\m-Sp-If
- nepw CuZp^n BN-cn--Xv. 1/2/1965
Xn-fmgvN \yqap Zn\-am-bncp-p. (A-am-hm-kn)
Ap {ioaqtmp
cmap- n- b m- b n- c p- p eZzo]v AUv a n- \ n- k v t {S.
tImgn- t mp s]cp- m
Ignv Ah Zzo]ntebvp t]mIp-hm Ien bm{X-bm-bn.
]ns Znhkw _p[-\mgvN
Zzo]n-se-n-b-tm km[mc- W - t ]mse
t_mp- I sfmpw I- e n- t ebv p
hn- . Ahv Zzo]ntebv p Cd- p- h m- \ p- f f
kuIcyw I- e n C.

tm-bn \msf (hym-gm-gvN)

s]cp-m-fm-sW hmbmWv At-l
- n\p Innb- X v . Ijv S w! C\n- s bp
sNpw? I ssUtUm-nn-\mbn DSs\ t_mws_bn Ft--Xm-Wv. an\ntm- b n Cd- m- \ p- f f
ssaZbpw ]-km-cbpsam
s I-en-ep-v. AXp CdmsX tImgn- t mtv
Xncn-p-Xv {]bm-k-am-Wv.
henb \jv S - a p- m- I pw.
I DS Xncnp t]mIp
Ibpw thWw. Atlw
Fp sN-Ws
- a-d
- n-bmsX
A- c - p. t{]m{Km- a p- I
ap Iqn \n-bn-n-cn-p--

lnem Fp ]d-bp-Xv hf-cp Ie-Im-Wv. BZys hf-cp Ie

ImWp-Xv amkm-cw-`
- n BZys Znhkw kqcy AkvXa
- np Ign-memWv. Cu BZys N{-e Hmw Xn-Xn-bpsS Ie-bm-sW t_m[w
apow kaqlw am\n-np \q-m-p-I Ign-p. Ftm Imc-Wh
- i
- m CXphsc cp ldap-I-tfbpw Amlp Imp kqn-p. Ahcpw ]d-bpXv
lnem I-Xn\p tij-amWv \mw amkw XpS-p-Xv FmWv. ]t Ap
lnem ImWp-Ib
- n F-XmWv kXyw.
Cu BZys N{- e
Hmw Xn-Xn-bpsS Ie-bmsW t_m[w apow
kaqlw am\n-np \q-m-pI Ign-p. Ftm ImcW-h-im CXp-hsc cp
ldap- I - t fbpw Amlp
Imp kqn-p. Ahcpw
]d- b pXv lnem IXn\p tij-amWv \mw amkw
XpS- p- Xv FmWv .
]t Ap lnem
ImWp- I - b n F- X mWv
kXyw.
1965- Dmb kw`hw
CXp ]cn-tim-[n-p-hm-\mbn
Fs \n_-n-p. 2/2/
1965 sNmm-gvNb
- n-emWv tIcf-nepw kuZn-bnepw ap
28

Cs samss_-ep-Is
- f-n kz]v\w t]mepw ImWm
Ime-am-bn-cpp AXv.
Ah hbseneqsS
Zzo]p-ambn _-s--tm
a\-n-em-bXv Ap Zzo]pImv CuZp^n-
kpZn-\-am-Wv Fm-bn-cp-p.
apkvenwI Ap I-entebv v Fs\ hcpw?
As\ an\n- t m- b n- t e
bv v I Xncn- p- h m
AUn-an-\n-bvt{S- D-c-hnp. ]nt Znhkw GXmbmepw s]cp- m Dmhntm FmWv Atlw
Icp-Xn-b-Xv.
Ap sshInv an\n-tmbn Fn-b-tm an\n-

Xm-Wtm.
Hp sXn-bm
Fmw sXpw. Imcyw \S-pI-bn AXp-sImp an\ntm-bnse 9 aq-m-tcbpw
Ban-t\bpw I-en-tebvv
ASn- b - n- c - a mbn hcm
Iev]n-p.
Ah DSs\ Xm{Xn
Xs I-en-sen AUvan\n-kvt{S- Ahsc Imcyw
t_my- s - S p- n. AhntSbpw kpn apPm- l nZv
F cp hn`m- K - a p- v .
apPm- l nZp aq ]dp
P\- - f psS s]cp- m 8
aWn-tbmsS Ign-bpw. AXn\p
tijw P\- hp Fm
km[\fpw Cd-n-c
- pw.
1435 dP_vd- a-fm

AUv a n- \ n- k v t {S- hnj- a nt-X

- n-. As\ Fm
aq-mcpw k-Xn-p-Ibpw
Fm-hcpw cm{Xn Xs Ien \npw Zzo]n-tev Cdp-Ibpw sNbvXp. AUvan\nkvt{S-dpw ap Khsa v
DtZym-K-cpw t]meokpw
Fm-hcpw Ah-cpsS _wmhp-I-fn-tebvv t]mhpIbpw
sNbvXp.
]ns Dmb kw`hw
ck-I-c-am-Wv. apPm-ln-Zp-ItfmSv i{XpX ]men--h
KqUm- t em- N \ \S- n,
_mU-hn-tPv Jo-_ns
t]cn Hcp Zpcm-tcm-]Ww
Dmn Hcp lPn {io
cmap-nbvv sImSp-p. Cu
lPn Xnc-n ]cntim-[nmsX Atlw ]noSp
t\mp- h m- \ mbn shp.
BcmWv sImp-hsXp
Atlw {in- n- c p- n- .
cmhnse t\mn-bt- m-gmWp
kwKXn Kuc- h - a m- s Wv
At-l
- n\p a\-n-em-bX
- v.
_mUJo- _ v
Jpp_- b n ]d- - X m- b nmWv Fgp- X n- b n- p- f - f - X v .
AXm-bXp kvIq Ipn-I
]XmI hWw sNp-Xv
aX- n ]mSn- s pw
lm^v{Su-k [cnp kvIq
fn t]mIp- h m ]mSnspw apw Atlw {]kwKn-p-sh-p-amWv Df-fS-
- w.
Atlw CXp DSs\
At\z- j n- - W - s ap ]dp-sImv t]meo-kns\
Ab-p.
Jo-_ns\ hnfn-m
thn h-tm Jo_p
an-dn {]kw-Kn-p-I-bmWv. CXp Ign-bp-Xp hsc
\nev - W - s ap P\-
t]meo-kn-t\mSv Bh-iy-sp. Jpp_ Ignp Cd1435 dP_vd- a-fm

nb DSs\ t]meokv Atls ]nSn- I q- S p- I bpw

Adv sNbv X v tj- \ ntebv v sImp t]mIpIbpw sNbvXp.
s]cp- m- f ns Znhkw
an\n-tm-bn hoSp-I-fn
`Ww ]mIw sNp-Ib
- n-.
Hmtcm hnt-Pnepw s]mXp-kZybmWv Dm-Ip-I. s]cpm-fn\v tijw Fm-hcpw
kZybvv Hcpptm-gmWv
t]meokv hv Jo_ns\
sImp t]mb-Xv. At-lns IqsS XSn-b
- m-cmb
Nnecpw t]mbn-cp-p.
t]meokv tj- \ n
tNmZyw
sNbv X v t m
Jo_v Ip]n-X\
- m-Ip-Ibpw
BcmWv Cs\- b p- f f
Ip- I Ab- - s Xp
t]meo- k n- t \mSv tNmZn- p.
tj-\n acymZ ]men-W- s av ]d- p- s Imv
t]meokv At-ls anp. CXp- I p sImv
]pdp \nn- c p BfpI kln- m- hmsX
IpXn-p-I-b-dp-Ibpw
Imhm- c s tXmv
henp s]mn- p- I bpw
sNbvXp.

AhnsS Fmw _l-fa

- mb-tm Jo_p ]pdp
hcn- I bpw HmSn- h v P\sf Adnbn- p- I bpw
sNbvXp.
`Ww Ign-p-sIm-ncp--h `Ww Dt]-np-Ibpw ssI t]mepw IgpImsX t]meokv tj-\ntev HmSp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
s]cp-m Zn\-n Cs\sbmcp kw`-ha
- p-m-bm
Fsmw kw`-hn-p-sav
\apv Duln- m- hp- - XmWtm.
shdpw 5 t]meo-kp-Imcpw
Ipd Ic-mcpw Zzo]p-\nhm-kn-Isf Fs\ t\cnSpw. Ipdp Ign--tm
Fm Zzo]p-Imcpw AhnsS
HmSn- s b- n. Fm- h cpw
Umv _wm-hns apn
XSn- p- I q- S n. Io- _ p- a m
t\XrXzw sImSpv AhnsS
Xs- b mWv .
]noSv
XIv_o apg-hpw Kw`o-ca
- mn.
cmhnse XSnp IqSnb
P\w
AhnsS
\np
\opn-. \a-kvm-chpw
Ahn- s S- - s . Ctm
29

Fnh sImv Fs
sImm Ah ChnsS
XSnp IqSn-bn-cp-p. AhcpsS t]cv Fgp-Xn--cm
Ah-cm-h-iy-s-p.
AhnsS \mp- a q- - m
Ahv tZjy-ap-ff \nc-]cm-[n-I-fpsS t]cpw Fgp-XnsmSp-p. Ans\ ]mf- m Ah- s c- s b- m- h tcbpw Adv sNbvXp. 300
Hmfw Bfp- I sf Hcp
ev Iymn- e m- n.
Iptd Bfp- I sf an- pIbpw sNbvXp. Cu kw`-ham-bn-cpp apkvenwI-fpsS
hn`n Znh-k
- f
- nse s]cpm-fn-s\-n Nnn-p-hm
Fs t{]cn-n-X
- v.
]p-Im-ep hmmhn-\n-a-b-_--fpw Ct-t]mse KXm-KX
- h
- p-an-m- X n- \ m P\- - f psS
Adnhp tISp ImcWw s]cpm ]e Znh- k - - f n
At\ym\yw AdnbmsX
sNbvXn-cp-p. AsX--s\bmWv Ctm icn-bm-hpI?
As\ Zo\ns Iev]-\bm- h ptam?
Fm
Ctmgpw AtX Ah
XpS- c p- I - b mWv sNp- sXp ]d- b p- h m hfsc
hnj-a-ap-v.
ame-Zzo-]p-I-fn apqtdmfw Zzo]p-If
- n Bma-k-ap-v. apv Ahn-tSbpw
t\mpw s]cp-mfpw ]e
Znh-k--fn-em-bn-cp-p.
Ctm Fmhcpw Hcp Znhk-n sNp-p. Fm
e-Zzo-]p-If
- n hyXy-kvXZn-h-k--fn-em-Wv. Ctm
tIc-f
- nepw ]e Znh-k
- fmbn s]cp-m BN-cn-pXp Cmw-A\
- p-hZ- n-X
-
- .

Nmhpw. AXp-sImv DSs\

Fm- h cpw hon- t ebv v
t]mhp-I. Fm-hcpw hontev t]mbn. apgp-h kam[m-\-am-bn.
]mfw Cdn Ump
_wm- h n- t ev ^v f mKv
amp sNbv X p. ChnsS
Ah
Fn- b - t m
G{]n^q t]msebmbn.
ChnsS Hpw kw`-hn-n-nsv Ah Icp-Xn. \mhnI- - e - h cmap- nsb
No ]d-p. \ns
m {`mmtWm Rsf
Fn-\mWv ChnsS hnfnp
hcp- n- b - X v . ChnsS Hcp
]pn\p t]mepw Hpw kw`hn-n-n-tm Fp ]d-p.
Ans\ AU-an-\n-kvt{S
A-c
- p. Atlw ]dp
Ah- s c- m- h cpw HmSn- - f p. Inbpw hmfpw

30

]p-Im-ep hmmhn-\n-a-b-_--fpw
C-t-t]mse KXm-KX-hp-an-m-X
- n-\m P\-fpsS Adnhp tISp
ImcWw s]cp-m ]e
Znh-k--fn
At\ym\yw AdnbmsX
sNbvXn-cp-p. AsX-s\-bmWv Ctm icnbm-hpI? As\
Zo\ns Iev]\
- b
- mhptam? Fm
Ctmgpw AtX Ah
XpS-cp-Ib
- mWv sNp-sXp ]d-bp-hm
hfsc hnj-aa
- p-v.

sshIptc-ambn , P\w ASp-n-. \mp-aq-

- m kam[m-\n-n-p-hm {ian-p-p.
^e- a n- . {io cma- \ pn
\mKm-emn `cWw \Snbn-cp Bfp IqSn-bm-bn-cpp. Atlw ]d- p.
""Rm Chsc kam-[m-\s
- Sp- mw. F\nbv v \mKmemp-Im-cpsS kz`m-ha
- d
- n-bmw.
Zzo]p-Imcpw Ah-sc-tm-sebm- W v . Rm ]d- m
Ah tIpw''. ]t
\mp-aq--m At-ls
]pdphcm A\p-hZ- n-n.
Ah ]dp \nv
Fs-nepw kw`-hn-p-Ibm- s W- n Rv
Dcw ]d-bm ]p-Ib
- n-.
R {ianmw. \n
AIp Xs Ccn-p-I.
Ctm a{Kn_v \a-kvmchpw Ign-p t\cw Ccp-pI-bm-Wv. Ic-m hf-sc-b[nIw `b-s-p. Ipdp apv
Itcn In kw`-hhpw
Iyq- W n- n- l m In
kw`- h hpw Dm- b n- c p- p.
Ctm Ch XosIm-fpn- s b- n Fp sNpw
Fv Ah `b-p. DSs\
sSe{Kmw sImSp- p- h m
Ah cmap-nsb \n_-np. Atlw sSe{Kmw
FgpXnsmSp-p-Ibpw
]n`m- K p Imn- e qsS
sSe{Kmw hbsev Hm^oknsenp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Ahv cm{Xn Dd-phm t]mepw km[n- n- .
Ans\ `b-m Ign-pIq-n. cmhnse Bb-tm
t\hn- - hcp- - X mbn
Ip. Atm \mp-aq-m P\--tfmSp ]d-p.
C\n \n ChnsS \nevcp-Xv. ]mfw Cdn shSn
shm Iptd Bfp- I

1435 dP_vd- a-fm

\ncq-]Ww

Cu lZokv \n-sf-Sp-ptam? 3 /

A_vZp-dl
- n-am Ccn-thn

amXr-\n!
{]IrXn hncp-X!
"kzlo-lp _pJm-cn-bn

Xmsg ImWpw hn[w Hcp lZokp ImWmw'.

"A_p-lp-ssd-d(-d) bn \nv \nth-Z\
- w. \_n(k) bn \nv (\_n(k)
Cs\ ]d-bp--Xmbn tIp). _\q- C-{km-Cu-ey Dm-bn-cp-n-s-n
amwkw Nop t]mhp-I-bn-m-bn-cp-p. lm-Av Dm-bn-cp-n-s-n
kv{XoI kzw `m-
- amsc hn-p-Ib
- n-m-bn-cp-p.
(_p-Jmcn, krjvSn-ns Bcw`w F Aym-bw)
Cu lZo-kns Bibw Gsd Zpcq-l-X-sbv am{X-a {]IrXn hncphpw ISp amXr-\n Dsm-p-Xp-am-Wv. C{kmCuey Dm-bXmWv
amwkw Nop-t]m-Im Imc-Ws
- a-m-Wtm lZo-kns BZy-]I
- p-Xn. bAvJq_v \_n (A) bpsS a-sf-bm-Wtm _\q- C{kmCu Fp ]d-bp-Xv. Ah-cpsS ]ndhn Imc-Wa
- mWv amwkw Nov t]mIp-s
- Xv! ""HmXn-T
- n-h-cmcpw Cu lZo-kn\v hni-Zo-I-cWw \evIn-b-Xmbn {i-bnsn-n-!
ImWm `mh-n ad-np t]mb-Xm-hmw. _pJm-cn-bpsS ]cn-`m-j-Icpw
CXp-kw-_
- nv h hni-Zo-Ic
- W
- hpw \evIn-bX
- mbn ImWp-n-. "k\Zv '
kzlo-lmb _pJm-cn-bnse lZo-kp-Is
- fms kzoI-cn-m apow-I _m[y-cm-sWv Ah-scmw ]d-bp-p-v! Cu lZo-kns k\-Zn-\m-hs
bmsXmcp XI-cmdpw C-Xm-\pw.
\apo lZo-kns\ hni-Ie
- \w sNmw.
C{kmCuey Dm-bX
- p-sIm-mWv amwkw Pon-m Imc-Ws
- av
]d-bp-tm, C{km Cuey (b-AvJq_v \_n-bpsS k-Xn-I) Dm-Ip-Xn\p apv amwkw Nov t]mIm-dn-m-bn-cpp Fm-Wtm Aw.
Cu hkvXp-Xsb temI-Nc
- n{Xw AwKo-Ic
- n-p-ptm? `qan-bnse GsX-nep-samcp kaq-l
- n GsX-n-ep-samcp Ime-L-
- n amwkw Pon-mdp-m-bn-cp-n Fv tcJ-s-Spn-bn-ptm? ssZhn-I{- K-
- f
- mb Coen-tem, Xu-dm-n-tem, k_q-dn-tem, hnip Jp B\ntem (_\q C{km
Cuen-s\-p-dnv Cu {K--sfms Gsd kwkm-cn-p-p--tm) Cu
"amwk-Y' sb kw_-nv Hcp hnZqc kqN-\s
- b-n-ep-aptm?
C\n t\mmw. GsXmcp hkvXp-hns krjvSn-tbm-sSmw Xs AXns
{]Ir-Xn-bpw- A-Xn\v \evI-s-Spp Fv Jp-B Ak-n-KvZ-ambpw
Bhnp ]d-bpp-tm. AXn\v {]tXyIambXv sXfn-hmbn D-cnpn-. JpBs kphn-Zn-Xa
- mb {]Jym-]\
- a
- m-WX
- v. AXn-\m amwkw
krjvSn-s
- -t- m Xs AXns {]IrXn (A-sX-tm-gmWv Pon-pI, s]mSnv t]mhp-I, am-bn-o-cp-I, Nov \mdp-I, DWn Ah-tijn-pI XpSn AXns At\Iw kz`m-h-)bpw \evI-s-n-p-s
Imcyw Jp-Bs B {]Jym-]\
-
- n-eps-Sp Imcy-am-Wv. AXn kwibn-m ]mSn-m--Xp-am-Wv. Fm _pJm-cn-bnse "k\-Zn'\v bmsXmcp
tISp-an-m Cu lZokv ]d-bp-tXm? C{km Cu k-Xn-If
- p-m-bXv
1435 dP_vd- a-fm

31

apX-emWv amwkw Ponm XpS-n-bs

- Xv! Jp-B\v IS-I-hn-cpw! Ncn{X
kmyw sImtm, imkv{XK- t h- j Ww
sImtm,
ssZhn-I-h-N-\-
sImtm ]n_ew e`nm ip Akw-_
- w.
C\n lZo-kns cmw
]IpXn t\mmw. Hmw
]Ip- X n- b p- a mbn AXn\v
bmsXmcp _-hp-an-. AXv
hnSmw. Fm Hmw ]IpXn- t b- m Kpcp- X - c - a mWv
AXnse Bi-bw. Hcp kv{Xo
`m-hns\ hn-p-shv
]d-m GXv cmPypw
GXv `mj- b nepw AXn\v
Hcw Xs-bm-Wp-f-f-Xv.
`m- - msc As\
hn-p kv{XoI GXv
Imepw GXv kaq- l nepw Dm- b n- p- v . F
m kv{XoI As\
`m-
- msc hn-m
ImcWw BZy- a m- X m- h mb
lm-Av(d) kzw `mhmb BZ-ans\ hn-Xv
sImm- s W- mWv Cu
lZokv [z\n- n- p- - X v .
\DuZp_nmlv!
BZy-am-Xm-hmb
lmpw BZy-]n-Xm-hmb
BZ-an\pw ss]im-Nn-It- {]-cW-bm sXv kw`-hn-X
- mbn
JpB\pw ]q-th-Z
- fpw
]d-bp-p-v. Fm lmAv (d) BZ-ans\ hnp
Fv Hcp thZ-{K-
- nepw
]d- b p- n- . A_- s
h-\-sbv ]d-bp-I-bn-tm. A_w ]e Imc-W-fm kw`-hnp t]mIp-Xm-Wv. Hcmsf Ipcp-m-\mbn
t_m[- ] qw Hcp- p- XmWv h-\. AXv ISp
]m]-am-Wv.
Cu lZo-knse, BZy-amXm-hmb lm-s-Xn-sc-bp32

ff ]cm-aiw AXoh KpcpX-c-am-Wv. Ctm-gpw, Fmm- e pw

kv { XoI
`m-
- msc hn-p-psh-n AXn\p ImcWw
Ah- c psS "X'bmWv .
"X'bp sS kz`m-h-amWv
Fsm- s - b mWv lZoknse Zxkq-N\ !
Cu lZokv kzlo-lp

BZy-am-Xm-hmb
lmpw BZy-]n-Xmhmb BZ-an\pw
ss]im-Nn-I-t{]-c-Wbm sXv kw`-hn-Xmbn JpB\pw
]q-th-Z
- fpw ]dbp-p-v. Fm
lm-Av (d) BZans\ hnp Fv
Hcp thZ-{K-
- nepw
]d-bp-n-. A_s h-\s
- bv
]d-bp-I-bn--tm.
A_w ]e Imc-W-fm kw`-hnp
t]mIp--Xm-Wv.
Hcmsf Ipcp-m-\mbn
t_m[-]qw Hcp-p-XmWv h-\. AXv
ISp ]m]-am-Wv.
_pJm- c n- b n hmbnpw
]Tnpw t]mb-h CXns
Aw (A- i q- \ yX
As-n A\w) F{Xbm-sWv At\z-jn-msX
t]mbn-p-s-n AXn-s\mhmw ImcWw? Camw
_pJm- c nbv v Hcn- epw
sXp ]p- I - b n- F
A-hn-izm-ktam? Cmw
B km[y-Xsb km[q-I-cn-

p-n-. ]cn-ip- -{]-hm-NI-s\m-gn-sI-bp-ff GsXmcp

hynbv pw sXp- I
kw`- h nmw F [mcWsb Ac- n- p- d - n- p- I bmWv Cmw sNp-X
- v.
"alv d n'\v \nb- { - W tas- S p- m {ian
cmw Jeo^ Dadn(d)s
\ow sXm-sWv {]Jym]n- h\n-Xb
- psS A`n-{]mbw
icn-sh-bvp-Ibpw ""Da-dn\v
sXn-tmbn' Fp ]dv
aXrI ImWn- p- I bpw
sNbvXn-p-ff {]m-\a
- m-WnXv. Chn-sS-bn-tm A_q-_-dn\pw Da-dn-\p-samw sXp
]mw. Camw _pJm-cnbvv
sXv ]p-I-bn Fsmcp
A]-I-S-I-c-amb Nnm-KXn
hfp hv Ign-n-p-v.
B Nnm- K - X nsb FXn
m ss[cyw ImWn-tXv Ime-L-
- ns A\nhm-cy-X-bm-Wv.
Camw _pJm-cnsb hna
in-m ]mSn-s [z\nbn Nne-sc-gp-Xp Ipdn-pI kl-Xm]w am{X-amWv
Aln- p- - X v . Ah
shdpw Ipdn-s-gp-Xp--Xn\v
]Icw Cu lZo- k p- I sfms kzoI-cn-p-p-sn, AXns ASn-m-\sa-s-mWv hy-am-t-Xv.
tNmZn-s, ta lZoknse cm- i - b - fpw
\n kzoI-cn-p-ptm?
kzoI-cn-p-p-sh-n,
Camw _pJm-cnsb cn-m\mbn \n Jp-Bt\bpw
a\p-jy-Ip-e-ns al-Xnbmb amXm-amXm-hn-s\bpw
\nn-pp Ft AXn\w?

1435 dP_vd- a-fm

tcmK- ipo-I-c-W--
tUm. ]n.-F. Icow

tcm

K-sf kw_-nv {]IrXn NnIn-I

- c
- psS ImgvN
- mSv
Ahsb i{Xp-fmbn ImW-cpXv an{X-f
- mbn IW-m-Ww FmWv. imkv{X-am AXv hni-Zo-Ic
- n-p-X
- v Xmsg ]dbpw
{]ImcamWv.
tcmK- F t]cn Adn-bs
- -Sp-h
- s
- bmw ico-c
- ns
ipoIcW {]h-\
- f
- m-Ipp. Huj[ {]tbmKw sImv
Ahsb XS-s
- -Sp-c
- p-Xv. AXm-bXv icocw \S-p NnIn-bmWv tcmK-. tcmKw ia-\]
- c
- a
- mb Hcp \S-]S- n-bm-Wv. kulr-Z]qW-amb Hcp {]{In-bb
- m-Wv. AXns\ XS-tb Imcy-an-. sXp
]m-Xpw am-an-m-X
- p-amb {]Ir-Xn-bpsS \nb-am-he
- n-bm-WX
- v.

On NnIn
OZn FXv Bam-ib
-
- n tiJ-cn-s
- hnj-am-en-\y-sf
h-hg
- ntb ASn-tm-Sn-p ASn-b
- nc \S-]S- n-bm-Wv. hnjw Ign-h OZn-pw. OZn-p-n-s-n OZn-n-e
- mWv NnIn-.
kZyv `Ww Ign-h
- s
- cmw OZnpXv Ah-cpsS hb-n-tev
B `-W
- n-eqsS sN hnj-hk
- vXp-hns\ ]pd-m-m thnbm-Wv. K`nWn-bpsS {]`m-XI
- me OZn, Ipns ico-c
- n-tev
A-bpsS ico-c
- n \npw {]th-in-m km[y-Xb
- p A]-IS
hkvXp-sf \ow sNm thn-bm-Wv. Chn-S
- fn-semw OZn
A\p-{K-la
- m-Wv. Fn Fpw Fhn-sSbpw On A\p-{K-la
- m-bncnpw Fv \mw a\-n-em-W
- w. A-Xn-\m OZn-m A\p-hZ- np-I. acp-p-sImv AXns\ XS-s
- -Sp-c
- p-Xv. As\
sNbvXm ]pd-p-t]m-tI hnjmw-i
- ico-c
- n sIn-In-Spw. AXv `mhn-bn ]pXnb {]iv\
- f
- p-m-pw.
1435 dP_vd- a-fm

33

hb-dn-fw
hb-dn-fw FXv
IpS IgpIn hrn-bmp G]m-Sm-Wv. IpSen ae-n-sbpw av
hnj amen-\y-f
- p-sSbpw
Ah-in-jvS
- sIn-n-Sp-p-m-hmw. Ah-sb
ico-c
- n \nv Pemwiw
kzoI-cnv IgpIn hrn-bmp-Ib
- mWv ico-cw. AXns\bpw acp-vsIm-Spv XSb-cp-Xv.

Xpepw kvXpXnbpw
s]mSn-]Se izmktm-sSmw AI-p-Ibdpp. Ahsb ]pdwXn tcmK-apn \Ip-IbmWv Xp. Hmtcm Xpen-t\m-sSm-hpw ssZhn\v \n-{]-Im-in-n-W
- sa Ckvem-an-Im-[ym-]\w
{]IrXn NnInm imkv{Xam icn-sh-bvpp.
aqn-eqsS I^w Hen-ndn hcp-Xv XS-tb
Bh-iy-an-. ico-c
- n
\npw ]pdwX-s-Sp
aq{Xw-, aew t]mse-bp
hnkPy-h-kvXp-hm-Wv.
]pdpt]mIm A\p-h-ZnpI. acp-p-sImv XSm aqSpw Xe-th-Z\bpw BkvXv-abpw
t]mep tcmK- {]Xy-s-Spw.

B-kvXapa
Npa FXv izmk-tImi-n ASnpIqSn-n-Sp I^s izmktImiw Xn-n ]pdt-s-dn-bp-Ib
- m-Wv. Cu
Npa \nm thn
acpv Ign-m ico-cns kzm`m-hnI ]pdw-X {]{Inb XS-bs
- -Spw.
34

Fp-s]m-n-bm thZ-\np-Xv hopw AXv

]g-b-]Sn tbmPn-n-p
tPmen Bcw-`n-X
- p-sImm-Wv. Hw B `mKw
Cf-ImsX kqn-W
- sa I]-\b
- p-am-Wv.
m-dn-Sp-Itbm ac-jvW
- shv sIpItbm sNbvXm am{Xw
aXn. ssZhw a\p-jyv
\Inb Ghpw henb
A\p-{K-la
- mWv thZ\
Fv Btcm-Ky-im-kv{Xam ]d-bm
ImcWw CXm-Wv.
AXv `mhn-bn BkvXa
tbm ap izmk-tImi
tcmK-tfm {]Xy-s
- Sm Imc-Wa
- m-tb-pw.
Na-tcm-Ks
- a-Xv cn-e-Sn-p-Iq-Snb Agp-pIsf Xzn-eqsS ]pd-tsm-gp-p coXn-bm-Wv.

thZ\ NnIn
thZ-\- FhnsS {]Xy-s-m-epw B ev Hcp
dn-b \S-p-Ib
- m-Wv.
As-n B `mK-n\v
hn{iaw sImSp-W
- s
- a
I]\-bm-Wv. lrt{Zm-KnbpsS s\p-th-Z\ c-[a-\n-bnse XS-s
\ow sNm thnbp \S-]S- n-bm-Wv.
InUv\n tm ]pdtv t]mIm thn
Xm-sd-Spp-tm-gmWv
thZ\ A\p-`h
- s
- -Sp-X
- v.
K`m-ib
-
- nse Ipv

]pd-t-n-d-n-h-cp-tmgmWv {]kh thZ\bpmIp-X

- v. Xe-I
- v
ssk\-kn sIn-n-Sp I^s \ow
sNm XpS-p-tm
Xe-th-Z\ A\p-`h
- s
- -Spp.
Fp-s]m-n-bm thZ\n-p-Xv hopw AXv
]g-b]
- Sn tbmPn-n-p
tPmen Bcw-`n--Xp-sIm-mWv. Hw B `mKw CfImsX kqn-W
- s
- a
I]-\-bp-am-Wv. m-dn-SpItbm ac-j
- vW
-
shv sIp-Itbm
sNbvXm am{Xw aXn.
ssZhw a\p-jyv
\Inb Ghpw henb
A\p-{K-la
- mWv thZ\
Fv Btcm-Ky-im-kv{Xam ]d-bm
ImcWw CXm-Wv.

{]ta-l
- n\v hn{iaw
{]tal tcmKn-bpsS
oWw Abm-tfmSv hn{i-anm I]npI-bm-Wv.
Abm-fpsS Zmlw Pemw-iap ]g-fpw ]-d
- n-kem-Upw ]-sh-hpw Bhiy-s-Sp-Ib
- m-Wv. thhn
Blm-c
- Hgn-hmpXneqsS {]ta-l
- n\v DS-\Sn ]cn-lmcw e`n-pp.
Cu kXyw Xncn-d
- n-bp-h tcmK-s
- f-v
A-c
- p-Ib
- n-. Adn-bm-h A-c
- p-t]m-Ipw.
a-n-hpw sXm-hohpw hr-tcm-Khpw Xeth-Z\
- bpw kn-hm-Xhpw
hkq-cnbpw ]ppw hnj-amen-\y-f
- n \nv c-sSm icocw ssIsm
cm-\-S-]-Sn-I-fm-sWv
Hcp km[m-cW tUmIvS1435 dP_vd- a-fm

tdmSv ]d-p-t\m-q.
Abm tIm]w sImv
s]mn-s-dn-pw. \nfpsS A-Xsb ]cn-lkn-p-Ibpw \n-tfmSv
kl-X]
- n-p-Ibpw sNpw.

{]hm-NI
- s NnIn
{]knamb Hcp
{]hmNI hN\apv.
"Amlp bmsXmcp tcmKsbpw Cd-p-n-, AXnsmcp ia-\hpw/acppw
Cd-n-sm--m-sX. AXp]t, ]Tn-h
- t
a\nemhp-I-bp-q.
]Tnmhv a\-n-emhn' CXnv Aw ]d-hcpw hymJym-\sagp-Xnb-hcpw Btcm-Ky-imkv{Xw
]qW-ambn ]Tn-msX
]e hnh-ct- -Sp-Ifpw
FgpXnsh-n-p-v.
acppI sImv
NnInn
\n_amsWv
sXmbn hymJym\npIbmWv sNbvXncnpXv.
tcmK- Fm ia\- Xs-bm-sW
{]IrXn NnIn--I-cpsS
Is-e
- ns\ ASn-hc
- b
- nSp-X
- mWv ta {]kvXm-hn-s {]hm-NI hN-\
- sf-mw. AXm-bXv ico-cn Hcp tcmKw {]Xy-

1435 dP_vd- a-fm

sSp-Xn-p-thn
ssZhw D-ch
- n-Sp-tm
bYm-n AhnsS
ia-\]
- c
- a
- mb Hcp \S-]Sn
Bcw-`n-p-I-bm-Wv. AsX,
tcmKw hcpXv Hcp
ia\ambn-smmWv.
Cu kXyw Xncn-d
- n-bp-h tcmK-sfv
A-c
- p-Ib
- n-. Adn-bm-h A-c
- p-t]mIpw
FmWv {]hm-NI
- \pw ]dbp--Xv.
{]Ir-Xn-Nn-Inm
imkv{X- Ime-fmbn ]d-p-sIm-n-cnp Cu kXyw
]epw DsIm-m
Ign-bm-Xn-cn-p--Xns
clkyw Ahv BtcmKy-im-kv{Xhpw icoc
imkv{Xhpw t\cmw-hw
]Tn-m
km[nnnmXp
sImmWv.

acp-p-I elcn
tcmK-sf `b-s-tS-Xn-sw ]m]-ap-n-bmsWpw an-n-cp-m
]pWyw t\Sm-sapw
{]hmNI ]d-t- m-
Fn NnIn-n-t--Xptm, NnIn-n-m
]mSptm XpS-nb kwib- Dbnsp.

AXnv {]hm-NI
- s adp]Sn {it-ba
- m-Wv. NnInn-p-X
- n\v hntcm-[s
- amp-an-. \n-ba
- mbpw
tcmK-tm-sSmw ia-\hpw
Dv. NnIn-n-n-s-nepw
t`Z-sSpw Fw.
]t, Cmcyw DsImm am{Xw hnjbw
]Tnm-hv NnIn-nm-hp-X
- m-Wv. aen\
hkvXp-sImpw
\njn hkvXpsImpw BI-cpXv
Fv am{Xw.
cmkacppI \njn
elcn hkvXpfmsWv
t\cs
]cmainphtm.
tcmKn-Isf ip{iq-jn-pIbpw Ahp-thn
{]mn-p-Ibpw sNbvX
tijw {]hm-NI
- ]d-bpam-bn-cp-p. "kmc-an
ssZhm-\p-{K-l-m
CsXmcp ipo-I-c-W-amWv.'
Cu cv {]hm-NI hN-\fpw Iqn hmbn-m
Nn{Xw ]qn-bm-bn. tcmKsa-m ico-c-ip-o-I-c-Wam-Ip-p. tcmK-tm-sSmw
ia-\hpw IqSn-bp-v.

tcmKw ]m]-ap-nv
icocw kzbw NnIn-np-p.- A-s-n \mw
tcmKn-bm-Ip-tm {]IrXn

35

kpJ-s-Sp-n-sm-n-cnp-p. CXp-Xs
- -bmWv
A{_lmw ]d-X
- v:
""Rm tcmKn-bm-Ip-tm
ssZhw kpJ-s-Sp-nsm-n-cn-p-p.'' {]hmN-I tcmK-sf ]gn-c
- psXv ]d-n-p-v. thZ-\bpsS {]bm-k
- Hcm
kln-p-sIm-n-cn-ptm AXp-hgn Atlw
]m]ap-\m-bn-o-cpp.
]m]apn Fm tcmKapn Fp-IqSn A-apv. \mw ico-ct- mSv
sNbvX ]m]-f
- mWv
"tcmKw' F t]cn
{]Xy-s
- -Sp-X
- v. AXv
icoc ipo-Ic
- Ww Xs.
"tcmKn klnpw anpw
InS-m hrw Ce-s]mgnpw {]Imcw ]m]-
sImgn-p-ho-Wp-sIm-ncnpw' F {]hm-NI
hN-\
- ns Aw tcm
KsaXv Hcp NnIn
mia\ {]{InbbmWv
FpXsbmWv.
Huj[ {]tbmKw sIm
v ico-c
- ns ipo-IcW {]h-\
- sf (tcmK-s
- f) XS-s
- -SpcpXv
F tUm. sFkIv PnwKkns hmp-I, "ico-cn\v tZmjw sNp
hkvXp- sImv NnIn
]mSn' F {]hm-NI
hN-\
- ns s]mcp
hy-am-p-p. acp-p-I
Ign-p-tm ipo-I-cW
{]{Inb XS-s
- -Sm
am{Xw ico-c
- nta B
acp-p-I tZmjw sNbvXpIqp-p. A-s\-bmWv
tcmKw kpJ-s-X
- mbn
tXmp-X
- v. bYmn tcmKw ASn-a
- s-SpI-bm-Wv.
{]hm-NI hN-\
- f
- psS
36

"icn-bmb PohnXw P\ {]mIvSokv sNbvXp

XpS-p-tm
tUmIvSamv
{]mIvSokv \nn ]mSt-n-dmw. tcmKns ImcWw sXmb
PohnX coXn-bm-Wv.
tcmKw a\p-jys i{Xph-, an{X-am-Wv.
BtcmKyw \ne-\nm\p D-ch
- m-Znw
tUmIvS-, tcmKn-mWv. NnIn-b
- n
tUmIvSp m\w
\nmcam-Wv.'

Bm-hv {]IrXn NnIn-I Is-n-bX

- nv ti
jhpw {]hm-NI
- s "kzm' Ccp-n Xp-Ibpw
Huj-[-Nn-In--I-cpsS
ASn-aI
- f
- m-hp-Ibpw sNpXv Zptcym-Ks
- a-msXp]-d-bm!

Atem-Xn Zpcw
Atem-Xn acp-p-If
- mIs IqSp-X A\ hcp-n-sh-p-Ibpw
sNp-p. AtemXn acpp-I-sfmw {Up-I-fm-Wv.
{Up-I Fm abp
acp-v, Dt-PI hkvXp
Fm-Ww. ab-p-a-cpp-sImv tcmK ia\w
km[y-am-Ip--sX-s\?
PnwKvkv Nnn-p. Ah
ico-c
- n ]pXnb {]Xnk-n-I Dm-p-p-apv. acp-p-If
- n \np

hntam-N-\-n\pw
acpphgn-bp {]Xn-kn-Iv ]cn-lmcw tXSnbpap \nc-c At\z-jWfpw ]T-\
- f
- pw
tcmKn-If
- n ]pXnb ]co-W
- \S-m Atls t{]cn-n-p.
acp-n-msX tcmK-
kpJ-s-Sp-m-sa tUm.
sPnw-Kvkns {]Jym]\w X-fpsS sXmgn-en\v
`ojWn Dbp-sav a\n-em-nb tUmIvSam
Ah t\cs Pnw-Kvknt\mSv Akq-b]
- q-h
- c
- m-bncp-p Atls Ipcnin-te-W
- s
- av hnfnp ]dp. acp-m-sWv hnizkn-n-p-sImv tcmKnIv ]-shhpw
tKmXpKpfnIbpw sImSpXv h-\b
- m-Wv.
Huj[ imkv{X-n
Un{Kn FSp-t- ijw NnIn-bn Huj-[s Hgnhm-p-Xv Xs _ncpZs \ncm-I-cn--em-Wv.
hK h-I IqSn-bmWv
Pnw-Kvkv. CsX-m-am-bncpp A[n-t-]
- .
PnwKvkv im-\mbn
adp-]Sn ]d-p. "icn-bmb
PohnXw P\-
{]mIvSokv sNbvXp XpS-ptm tUmIvSamv
{]mIvSokv \nn ]mSt-n-dmw. tcmKns ImcWw sXmb
PohnX coXn-bm-Wv. tcmKw
a\p-jys i{Xp-h
- , an{Xam-Wv. BtcmKyw \ne\nm-\p D-ch
- mZnw tUmIvS-,
tcmKn-m-Wv. NnIn--bn
tUmIvSp m\w
\nmcam-Wv.'

1435 dP_vd- a-fm

{]ivt\m-cn
F. A_vZp-emw kpan

J_-dnse in
a\p-jy ac-Ws
- -Xv apX ]c-tem-Iv shv ]p\Po-hnn-s
- -Sp-X
- p-hs
- c-bp Ah-s
- b-bmWv J_ PohnXw
F-Xp-sImv hnh-n--s-Sp--Xv. An-sImv Npv
PUs `kvaa
- mn kap-{Z-n Hgp-s
- -Sp-h
- , PUs
ayhpw ]n-Ifpw Xnp \in-n-s
- -Sp-h
- , PUs
`{Z-ambn kqn--s-Sp--h Chsmw Xs J_
Pohn-Xa
- p-sv ]cn-ip Jp-B hy-am-p-p-v.

? tNmZyw: Fm a\p-jyam-scbpw J_-dn shp-n. Nne An-n-cb

- mbn \Zn-If
- nepw apw Hgp-s
- -Sp-p.
Nne hnam\ A]-IS-
- nepw apw s]v In-c
- n-bp-p.
Nne-cpsS PUw Nne a\p-jy-mcpw Pohn-Ifpw Xnp-p.
Nne Xqnb \nev ac-sIm-n shp Bcpw ImWmsX
PUw \in-p-t]m-Ip-p. Nne-cpsS PUw Zm\w sNbvXp Bip]-{Xn-I-fnepw hnZymn-I-fpsS apn-ep-ambn Ign-bp-p.
Nne amk-tm hj-tm Znh-k-tm
tijhpw J_-dS-
- s
- -Sp-p. Atm Chv J_ in
Dm-hp-I-bnt? \mw J_-d-Sw Xma-kn-n-m J_
inbpw Xma-knn-s
- -Sptam? Xosc J_-dS-
- m ]w
J_ in Xosc Dm- h p- I - b nt? \n J_
insb FXnp-ptm?
Fw. A_vZp Ako-kv, tImgn-tmSv
= Dcw: Rm "anv kwkvI-c-W-ap-d-I' F
{K-n Fgp-Xn-bXp ]cn-]q-ambn Xmsg D-cn-pp. \n-fpsS kwi-b-v CXv \nhm-c-W-am-Ip-sav
hniz-kn-pp:
a\p-jy ac-Ws
- -Xv apX ]c-tem-Iv shv ]p\Pohn- n- - s - S p- - X p- h - s c- b p Ah- - s b- b mWv J_
PohnXw F-Xp-sImv hnh-n-s
- -Sp-X
- v. An-sImv
Npv PUs `kva-amn kap-{Z-n Hgp--s-Sp--h,
PUs ayhpw ]n-Ifpw Xnp \in-n-s
- -Sp-h
- ,
PUs `{Z-ambn kqn-s
- -Sp-h
- Chsmw Xs
J_ Pohn-Xa
- p-sv ]cn-ip Jp-B hy-am-p-pv. Amlp ]d-bpp: ""]ns Ah Ahs\ (a-\p-jys\) acn-n-p-Ibpw Ahs\ Ah (A-m-lp) J_-dn
adhv sNp-Ibpw sNp-p. ]ns Ah-\p-t-in-p-tm
1435 dP_vd- a-fm

Ahs\
Dbs- g ptn-p-p.'' Fm a\pjypw t\cn-Sp nXnsb- p- d n- mWv ChnsS
Amlp {]kvXm-hn-p-X
- v.
Cu J_ Pohn- X - n
Dbs-gp-t]n--bnmsbv Amlp Cu Bbnepw ap ]e efnepw hy-am-p-p-v.
PUhpw Bmhpw Xn
tbmPn-n-p-sIm-p
]p\Po-hnXw ]c-tem-Ip
shmWv kw`- h n- p- I .
Fm J_ Pohn- X nepw a\p-jy Bo-bamb Hcp- Xcw inbpw
cbpw A\p-`h
- n-s
- -Sp-Xm-Wv. Cu bmYmyw ]cnip Jp- B [mcmfw
e--fn hy--am-pp-v. Nne Bb-p-I
am{Xw Xmsg D- c nmw:
""[nm-cn-I ac-W- sh-{]mf- - f n- e m- b n- c n- p- t m
\n- f psS Bm- sf
]pd-s-Sp-hn-p-ho Fv
]d-p-sImv ae-p-I
37

X- f psS Ic- \opXv Xm ImWp-I-bmsW-n (A-sXmcp `bm\I ImgvN-bm-bn-cn-pw).

Am- l p- h ns t]cn
kXy-hn-cp--ambn \n
]d--Xp-sImpw
Ahs kt-i- hnv
\n Al- - c n- - X psImpw Cv \nv
t\cnb in {]Xn-^ew
\ I - s - S p - - X m - W v . ''
(A ABw: 93). Camw
_pJmcn \Inb A-amWv Rm Bb- nv
\In- b n- p- - X v . ac- W tmSp IqSn-Xs t\cnb
Hcp Xcw in A\p- ` - h -

Cu A\p-`q-Xn-bp-m-hp-I.
Fm Ip-hm-fn-Ipw CXv
Dm-hp-X
- m-Wv. ""Am-lphns am-n arXyp
hcn- - h ac- W - s - - h - c msWv \n [cn-t-.
Fm Ah Ah-cpsS
\mY Poh-\p-h
- c
- s
- {X.
Ahv Blmcw \Is-Spw. Amlp Ahs
HuZm-cy-n \nv \Inb-Xp-sImv Ah ktmjnp sImn-cn-pw. AhtcmSv hp-tNn-n-m
Ah-cpsS ]nn-ep--hsc
Ipdn- p
ktm- j hm Ahv Adnbnp sImn-cn-pw. Ah-

hy-am-p-p-v. Npcp-n Bm-v A\p`-hs

- -Sp C-c
- n-ep
A\p-`q-Xn-If
- mWv J_-dnse
inm
c- s b- Xp
sImv Dt-in--s-Sp--Xv.
]c-tem-Iv hcp-tm Dd- n \nv BcmWv
Rsf
DWn- b Xv
F tNmZyw Cu ]d-Xn\v FXn- c m- h p- n. Ddn a\p- j y `b- s - S pp kz]v \ - fpw \
kz]v\-fpw Zin-m-dp-tm. `oI- c - k z- ] v \ -
Zinp sImn-cn-p Hcp
hynsb Ahs Dd-n
\nv hnfnp DWn-

""cmhn-sebpw sshIp-t-chpw \c-I

- n-t Ahsc shfn-hm-s-Spw. Ay-Zn\w \ne-\np Znhkw ^n-Hus Iqsc
Ghpw ITn-\a
- mb in-bn \n {]th-in-n-p-ho Fp
]d-bs
- Spw'' (Aap-Av-an: 45) Bo-ba
- mb Hcp Xcw Zi-\amWv ChnsS Amlp ]d-bp-X
- v. ^n-Hu\v am{X-a Cu A\p`q-Xn-bp-m-hp-I. Fm Ip-hm-fn-Ipw CXv Dm-hp-X
- m-Wv.
sp XpS- p- s av Cu
Bbv hy- a m- p- p.
J_-dnse insb ncs- S p- p- h m
Camw
_pJmcn Cu Bbp Dcn-n-pv (_p-Jmcn 1 183).
""cmhn- s ebpw sshIpt- c hpw \c- I - n- t
Ahsc shfn-hm--s-Spw.
Ay-Zn\w \ne-\np
Znhkw ^n-Hus Iqsc
Ghpw ITn-\-amb inbn \n {]th-in-np- h o Fp ]d- b sSpw'' (Aap-Av-an: 45)
Bo-ba
- mb Hcp Xcw Zi\-amWv ChnsS Amlp ]dbp--Xv. ^n-Hu\v am{X-a
38

cpsS ta bmsXmcp
`btam ZpxJtam C. Amlp-hn \np A\p-{Klhpw HuZm-cyhpw sImv
Ah ktm- j n- pw.
\nbw Amlp kXy-hnizm-kn-I-fpsS {]Xn-^ew
]mgm- p- I - b n-.'' (Bep
Cwdm 169 170)
J_ Pohn- X - n
A\p-`-h-s-Sp Bo-bamb A\p-`q-Xn-bmWv ChnsS
Amlp hnh-cn-p-X
- v. B
A\p-`qXn Fm kXy-hn-izmkn-Ipw Dm-bn-cn-p-Xm-Wv. lZo-kp-Ifpw Bbns Xs Ah-km-\`
- mKhpw Cu bmYmyw

sbp hnNm-cn-pI. Ah
Fgp- t v \nv BcmWv
Fs Dd-n \nv hnfnp- W n- b - s Xv tNmZnm Ah Dd-n `oI-ckz- ] v \ - Hpw Xs
Zin-n-n-m-sbv hcn-I-bn-tm. CXp-t]mse XsbmWv adp-hi
- hpw J_-dn
shv a\p- j ys\ ]IpXn
Poh CSp-Ibpw Ahs\
Ccp-nb tijw cp aep-I Ccp-ns ZpI sImv Ahs\ ASnp-sa-smw ]d-bp lZokp-I Hcn-epw AXns
_mly- a mb A- n
hnh-n-m-hp--X-. lZo1435 dP_vd- a-fm

kp- I kzlo- l m- s Wv
AwKo-I-cn-m Xs a\pjys Bm-hn\v A\p-`-hs-Sp A\p-`q-Xn-I am{Xam-Wn-Xv. PUw ac-W-tm-SpIqSn \in-p-sIm-n-cn-p-IbmWv sNp-I. ]c-tem-Iv
shv am{X-am-Wn-Xn\v \h-PohnXw \I-s-Sp-I. ]cn-ip-
Jp- B - \ n\pw a\p- j ys
{]mY-anI _pnpw FXncmbn hcp dntmp- I
hymJym-\n-t--Xm-sWv
lZokv ]n- X - mscmw
Xs GtIm-]np A`n-{]m-bs-n-p-v. Ccw dntmpI
\nn- X - a m- s Wv
k]np Dt]- n- p- Xn\pw hntcm- [ - a n- m- s bv
C_v\p-l-P(d) hy-am-nbn-p-v. (a-nv kwkvIc
- W
apd-I: J_ PohnXw. t]Pv
163 apX)
Cu ]pkvXI
-
- n Rm
Fgp-Xn-b-Xp-t]mse alqw
Aen AIv _ aue- h nbpw
Rm\pw IqSn- s b- g p- X n- b Xpw
tUm. Dkv a m kmln_v

BZyw apX Ah-km\w

hsc hmbnv BapJw
Fgp-Xn-b-Xp-amb "Aulo-Zp apkvXJow' F
{K- nepw
J_
in Bo-b-am-sWv
Fgp-Xn-bn-p-v. {]kvXpX
{K- nse Nne `mK ImWp-I. "\nbw
J_ inbpw Bmhn-t\m-Sp hnNm-cW
- bpw
bmYmy-am-Wv.
Fm
PUhpw
Bmhpw Xn tbmPnn-p-sIm-p Pohn-n Jnbmaw hsc kw`hn-p-Ib
- n-. J_ in
Bm- h ns\ ico- c - ntev Xncn-p-sIm-p-h
tij-amWv Fv anlmen \nv am{X-amWv Dcn- - s - S p- - X v . Cbm
Zp-e\p-am-Wv.' (C-_v\plkw: 122) (A-u-loZp apkvXJow: t]Pv 110)
1986
BWv
Cu
]pkvXIw {]kn-o-I-cnp-X
- v. C{]-Imcw J_

in Bo- b - a m- s Wv
Ckvem-anse A\p-jvTm\ apdI F Fs {Knepw [mcmfw Bb-p-I
D- c n- p- s Imv
Rm
kan-n-p-v. (t]Pv: 421)
J_- d nse tNmZy- n
\nv c-s-Sphm thn
Xkv_ov sNm kpm-sWpw AXns cq]w
hsc Fs {K- - f n
Rm Fgp-Xn-bn-p-ap-v. (DZm:
anv kwkvIc
- W apd-I
t]. 117). (C-kvem-anse A\pjv T m\ apd- I : t]. 421)
1996 BWv Cu ]pkvXIw
Fgp-Xp-X
- v. J_-dns\ in
Bobw am{X- a m- s Wv
]gb Aa-\m-dns tImn-Ifn Fs hnain- p
{Kqnse ]n-X
- m Xs
[mcm-f-ambn Fgp-Xn-bn-p-v.
CsXmw ew klnXw
akq-den sNmSv {]kn-oI-cn "kp-anv ]d-bm-\pXv' F Fs kn.-Un.bn hni-Zo-I-cn-n-p-v.

BssZ-h--fpsS Xnv
A\m-Nm-ch
- pw A-hn-izm-khpw BssZ-h
- f
- psS ]n-Ib
- n
s]Sp--Xm-Wv. Rm D-cn-p-Xv hymk ]d Imcy--fmWv... BssZ-h
- ip Xn-m-Wv. Fs B{I-an-Xv sXmSn-I-fm-Wv. aqeyw A]-l-cn--s-Sp-tm-gmWv a\p-jy B{I-a-fn-tev Xncn-bp-X
- v. X-fpsS hnizm-khpw {]m-\hpw Hcm-fpsS
hmp-I sImv XI-cp-X
- m-Ic
- p-Xv. AXn-\p Bhw \jvSs-Sp-tm-gmWv Kpm-bnkw hn-p-X
- v. hkv{Xw Iodn henv
t]-nsb Xp-X
- p-t]mse Hcp kzmansb B{I-an-p-Xv tIc-fn-e
- msX asm-cn-Spw \S-p-Ib
- n-.
(kzman ko-]m-\--Kn-cn, dntmv: amXr-`q-an)

1435 dP_vd- a-fm

39

40

tIcf PwC-p Dea

16. 6. 2006\p \evInb ^Xvh

Cmw \apv Hcp-n-n-cn-p-p. Ipdv kabw

Cam-an-t\m-sSmw \a-kvcnv ]noSv oWw
sImtm, Ddw hXp
sImtm IqSp-X ]pWyw
t\Sm Dt-inp
sImtm, hon t]mbn
Ddn Amg ka-bv
\a-kv-cn-p--Xn\v
Bcpw hntcm[w ]d-Xmbn Adnbn-. adnv
]mXn-cm-hn\v tij-ap-ff \akvm-chpw {]m\bpw
]pWy-I-c-am-sWXn\v
Jp-B-\nepw kp-nepw
sXfn-hp-If
- p-v. B kabv PamAmbn \akvc
- n-p-X
- n\v cv
]pWyhpw e`n-p-sapw
a\-n-em-m-atm.

Htc kXyw

kv-cn-p-Xv ]pWy-I-cam-Wv.
2. Jnbm-ap-ss cm{XnbpsS Ay-bm-a
- nem-Ip-XmWv IqSp-X t{ijvTam-bn-p-f-f-Xv.
D_-p_v\p IAv_v
(d)s Iogn da-km-\n
Jnbm-ap-ss ]p\x-kw-LSn-n Da(d) AXn
]s-Sp-p-I- Dm-bnsv
am{X-a adnv ]mXn-cm-hn\v
tijw \a-kvc
- n-e
- mWv
D-as
- av {]kvXm-hn-pIbpw sNbvXp. AXv
sImm-Wtm Jpe-^mDdm-in-Zp-I AS-a
- p-ff
{][m-\n-I Cu \ne-]m-SpI kzoI-cn-n-p-f-fXpw!
]e Imc-Wh
- i
- mepw
cm{XnbpsS Ay-bm-an \n-ln-m Ignbm Zp_-ec
- mb BfpIpw Jnbm-ap-ss-ens
{]Xn-^ew Ign-bp Afhn e`n-m-\p-ff Hcp
kwhn-[m\w F \nebvmWv CXv a\-n-emt-X
- v. Da(d)s
Imew apX CXv hsc
\ncm-t]w AXv \S-p-hcp-Xpw AXp sImp
Xs.
Npcp-
- n sFOn-Iamb Ccw Imcy-
Hmtcm-cp--cp-tSbpw Ign-hn\-\p-kc
- nv sNbvXv ]pWyw
km-Zn-m-\p-ff Ah-kcw

Jnbm-ap-ss: Cu
\a-kvmcw CimC\p tijw kp_vln\v apmbn
]Xn-s\mv dIvAn
Ihn-bmsX GXv kabpw \n-lnm-sav
\_n(-k)bpsS Ncy-bn
\nv hy-am-bn-p-v.
Fm Hcp dafm-\n
\_n (k) ]f-fn-bn shv
ctm aqtm Znhkw Pam
Ambn \a-kvc
- n-pIbpw ]noSv AXv
\n_am--s-Sptam
F Bi-b
- m XpS-cmXn-cn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
(C-Xn\v sXfn-hmbn
_pJm-cn-bnse 1129-mw
\ lZokv D-cnpp).
]noSv Da(d)s
Jnem-^v Imev Cim
\a-kvm-c
- n\v tijw
Bfp-I ]f-fn-bn Hbmbpw hyXykvX kwL-fmbpw \a-kvc
- n-pXv Atlw I-tm
Ahsc Hcp Cam-ans
Iogn kwL-Sn-n-p-IbmWv sNbvXX
- v.
(CXn\v sXfn-hmbn
_pJm-cn-bnse 2010-mw
\ lZokv D-cn-n-pv.)
cv Imcy- CXn
\nv a\-n-em-Ip-p.
1. Jnbm-ap-ss da-km\n PamAmbn \a-

Xdm-holv :
sI. sP. bp. hns ^Xvh

_p\pw tbiphpw aplZpw am\-hc

- m-insb \bnp-Xv Htc kXy-[a
]Z-n-te-m-sWp
k{]-am-W-k-lnXw am\hsc t_m[y- s - S p- phm klm- b - I - a mb
kXv{K---fp-v.
(kzman hniz-`{- Zm-\
in-tbm-Kn)
1435 dP_vd- a-fm

Fw.-hn. A_vZp-dl
- n-am, shfn-b
- p-\mSv

1435 dP_vd- a-fm

ff iA_mt\m Ignp
t]mbtXm Fv a\-nem-IpI-bn-. sImhpw IqSn Dmbmte AXv a\-n-em-Ip-Ib
- pffq F t_m[w Ahpm- b n. An- s \- b mWv
Ah ln{P- b n \nv
Fm XpS-n-bX
- v.
ln{P- h jw Fns\
XpS--W-sa--Xnepw
Ahv {]iv\- Dmbn. \_n (k) ln{P
sNbvXXv d_o-D A-enem-bn-cp-p. d_o-D-A-
aqm- a s
amk- a m- b XpsImv AXp- a p- X
hjw XpS- pI km[yasv Ah a\-n-em-n.
Ans\ Iptd N-Ip
tijw apl-d-an \nmWv
hjw XpS-t-Xv F
Xocp-am-\-n-se-n.
Ans\ 9 amkw Imncp tijw, apldw htm ln{P- h jw 'Hv '
Fv Ipdn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Hmw XnXn GXp Znh-kam-Wv Fpw Ah Isn. apldw Hv hymgm-gvNbm-bn-cp-p. Zplv amkns Ah-km-\Z- n-hk
- a
- mb
_p[-\mgvN Hcp kqcy-{K-lWhpw kw`-hn-p. amkm-hkm-\-Zn-h-k-n-emWv kqcy{K- l Ww kw`- h n- p- - X v .
AXp-sImv ]nt Znhkw
Hm-bn. ]noSv Kth-jWw
\S- nb imkv { X- mcpw Ncn- { X- I m- c - mcpw
apldw Hv hymgmgvN Bbncp-p-shv nco-I-cn-n-pv . 01-01-01 H=15-07-622

hymgw FXv Ipdn-s

- -ncn-p-p. CXv ]gb {K-fn ImWm-hp-X
- m-Wv.
]nmev Xn- X nbpsS (Date) {]tbmKw A[nI-am-bt- m Ah Jp-B\n ]d aoJmv
FXpw
ahm- J ov
FXpw D]-tbm-Kn-n-n-.
Ah AXn\p ]I-c-ambn
"XmcoJv' F ]pXnb ]ZamWv D]-tbm-Kn-X
- v. XmcoJv
FXv ]pXnb hm-. Ad_-bn-tev ISp IqSn-bX
- mWv. AXp-sIm-mWv lnb a-hm-Jo-p-en-mkn
FXv sXfn-hmbn a\-n-emIm-Xn-cp--Xv. C_v\p-I-_o
t]mse-bp-ff X^vko-Zp-Ifn Cu Aw ImWm-sanepw Ah- c psS Imev
Xs 'XmcoJv' F ]ZamWv Xn-Xn-p-]-tbm-Kn-Xv.
Fm `mj-If
- nepw Cns\-bp-ff am- Ime-{I-taWsb hcm-dp-f-fq. Fm
Ad-_n-bn hfsc Ipd
hmp-I am{Xta Ans\
amdn-bn-p-ff
- q. Cn-s\-bp-ff
ap ]Z- 'e_',
'kmd', 'ssee', 'CZm' apXemb At\Iw ]Z-
ImWm-hp--Xm-Wv.
N{-\mWv XnXn ImWnp-X
- v, kqcy ka-bh
- pw.
Hcp LSn-Im-c-ns aWnqkq- N n- b pwkabkqNnbpw t]mse-bm-WvC-h. Hcp LSn-Im-c-ns
aWn-q kqNn FSp-p-If- m- aWn- q- d ns

""Ah Xm-tfmSv tNmZnp-p. Aln-sbn ]dbp- I . Ah P\- pw

ln\pw Xn-Xn-I-fm-Wv.
hoSp-I-fntebvv ]nhm-Xnen IqSn IS- p- - X n
KpW-an-. kqvaX ]menp- - X n- e mWv
KpWw.
AXn\m ho-Sp-I-fn-tebvv
AXns hmXn- e n- e qsS
Xs IS- p- I . Fm
\n hnP-bn-pw.'' CXv
JpB\nse 2:189 s kmcam-Wv.
ChnsS Xn-Xn-I FXn\p Jp-B\n hn-p-ffXv 'ahm-JoXv' Fm-Wv.
AXns
GI- h - N \w
'aoJmv' (Date) Fm-Wv.
Cu ]Zw Jp-B\n ]e
epw hn-p-v. ahmJov ChnsS am{Xta hnp-f-fq.
Jp-B-\ns\ Jp-B
sImv hymJym-\n--W-samWv Fm hymJym- X mfpw ]d-n-p-ff
- X
- v.
Jeo^m Da (d) hns
Imew hsc P\- v
XnXn ( Date ) Bhiyw
hn-n-. Ah-cn A[n-It]cpw Fgppw hmb-\bpw
Adnbp-h
- c
- m-bn-cp-n-. HcpsNns (Cheque) Imcy-nemWv CXn- s \- n N
Dm- b - X v .
AXn
iA_m C{Xmw XnXn
FmWv Fgp-Xn-bn-cp--Xv.
GXv iA_m\msWv
Fs\ CXn \nv a\n- e m- pw Fv Hcp
klm_n tNmZn-p. hcm-\p-

ahm-Jo-p- en-mkn

41

p N{s DZ-btam AkvXa-\tam tKmN-ca

-
- . CXmWv
'\yqaqtU' AYhm Aamhmkn Znh-kw. CXv amkns Ah-km-\s Znhk-am-Wv Fv a\-n-em-phm Hcp {]bm-k-hp-an-.
"hamP-Ae
- A
- s
- sepw ^no\n-anl-dPv' Fv Amlp
Jp-B\
- n ]d-Xp sX. Fm lnem- e ns
]nm se HmSn- \ - S - p- hv Hcn- epw amk
fpsS XpSw Inp-n-. A
h he-bp-Ib
- m-W.v Ah-cpsS
Cu {]h\w Jp-Bs
Cu hN\w A-c-ln-XamWv Fv sXfn-bn-p-Ib
- mWv. 'lDu-Zp-_n-mln'. lnem
t\m- n\v GXmv
Bbn-ct- mfw hjw ]g-ap-v. Cu A-hn-izmkw
A{Xbpw Bg-n Dd-n-cnp-Ib
- m-Wv!
BZys Znh- k s
N{- e aKv c n_v kabw
Ign-bp-Xp hscbpw cmas Ie Cjm Ign- b pXp hscbpw ImWm-hp-Xm- W v . AXns\ \nco- nm amk-f
- psS XpSw
icn-bmtWm Fv a\-n-emmw. amk-n F{X Znhk- - f p- mIpw FXpw
a\- n- e m- mw. Amlp
\psS Zo\ns Imcy-n
{]bm-k- Dm-n-bn-n. Ffp--amWv Dm-n-bncn- p- - X v .
Bpw
Ftmgpw {]bm- k - c - l n- X ambn sImp-\-S-m-hp
GI-aX
- a
- m-Wnkvemw. \apv
]qambpw Jp- B - \ ntev aSmw.
Amlp Xu^oJv sN
s!

42

N{ hf-cp-Ibpw Npcpp- I bpw sNp- X mbn

\mw ImWp-p. kqcy-\n
\nv AI-ep-X
- mbpw ASpp-X
- mbpw \apv A\p`-h-s-Sp-p. CXn\p ImcWhpw Jp-B hni-Zo-Ic
- np. hp- p ^o ^enb- k v _ - l p Fmw
AXns ]m-hn \onsm- n- c n- p- I - b m- W v . - \ psS In\p ImWp
henb BImi `qan- I fpw
In\p ImWm sNdnb
temI--fp-samw Id-p-Ibm- W v Fpw imkv { Xw
sXfn-bn-p. kp_vlm-\
- mlv
! CsXmw Id- p
t]mse \tmSpw IA_
Npp-hm Amlp Iev]np. CXn Nnn- p- hv ZrjvSm-
- f
- p-v.
N{ hf- c p- t m
kqcym-kvX-a-\-n\p
tijhpw Npcp- p- t m
kqcy DZn- p- - X n\p

ap]pw- \-apv \nco-n-mhp--Xm-Wv.

BZys Ie Zriy-am-IpXv amk-ns BZys
Znhkw kqcy AkvXa
- n-Xn\p tij- a m- W v . AXpsImp Xs lnem
t\mp--hv amk-fpsS XpSw Ip-]n-Sn-m\m-hn-. Ahv Ftmgpw
Htm ctm Znhkw \jvSs-Spw. CXp amkw Ip-]nSn-p-hm dkq ImWn
am- a - .
JpB- \ n
CmXv dkq (k)
In-p-I-bp-an-tm.
Jp- B kwkm- c n- pXv Ah-km-\s Ie-sb- n- b m- W v .
Ah- k m\w
Dp-\pJZow t]mse
Bbn aSpp. CXv
Ftm ImWp- s a- Xv
t\mp-h
- dnbmw. amkw
Ah- k m- \ n- p- h m Hcp
Znhkw _mn-bp-f-f-tm
CXns\ Ings N{I-hm-fn ImWmw. kp_plp
\a- k v - c n- - X n\p tijw
Ingt N{I-hmfw t\mnbm aXn. kqtcym-Zb
-
- n\v
GXmv Hcp aWn-q apv
AXm-bXv ^P _mv kabv Av N{ DZnp-Xn-\m kqnp t\mnsb-n am{Xta ImWp-Ib
- pf-fq. hfsc sXfn BImi-am-sWn Ffp--n
Xs ImWm-hp-X
- m-W.v
kqcy DZn-m kqcy{]Imi- n B t\cnb
Ie ImWp-I-bn-. Im
]ns Znhkw apX
AXns\ Ingt N{I-hm-fn ImWp-Ib
- n-.
]ns Znhkw kqcy\pw
N{\pw Hcp ev
nXn sNp-Xn-\m A

Znh-k
- Fp-Xv
Fns\?

Fw Inp-Ib
- n-. Fm
ka- b - k qNn FSp- p- I - f m
aWn- q- d p- I
ImWm-hp-X
- m-Wv. GXmv
ka- b - h pw ]d- b m ]pw.
an\p-p-I IrXy-am-Ip-Ib
- n. CXmWv N{s\ amnsh Ie--dp-I-fpsS KXn!
Ahv Znh- k - ns
Fw icnp Inp-Ib
- n-.
Amlp Jp- B - \ n
Adn- b n- Xv A{ipw- k phJ-adp-_n-lp-kv_m''?
kqcy\pw N{-\pw IW-n\v
thn- b mWv Fm- W v .
AXp- s Imv \mw Ah
cpw AS- nb Ie- dmWv D]-tbm-Knt-Xv.

1435 dP_vd- a-fm

Xdm-holv: N 3
tUm. _.-F.-dl
- vam

\ap-sm-cp-anp
t]mcmSmw
cm{Xn Ftm thW-sa-nepw kuIcymw sNm-\\
- p-hm-Za
- p DIrjvS
C_m-Z
- mWv cm{Xn \a-kvIm-cw. temI
apkvenw-I \ \ne-bn \S-n-hc
- p
A\p- h - Z - \ o- b hpw kuI- c y- { ]- Z hpw
t{ijvT-I-chpw akve-l-p B-bpamb B C_m-Z
- ns bYm kXyw
]dp tI- t m Atv t]Sn
tXmn-bXv Fs Ip-a
- .

_vZp-d-ln-am Ccn-th-n- Xs BZy teJ-\-n

]d- - X p- X s hopw Bhn- n- c n- p- p. Rm
]d \nc-h[n Imcy-p adp-]Sn ]cm-ain-n-p-an-.
"]n-I-fnse Xdm-holv ASn-m-\-c-lnXw Xs' Fv
Bhnp ]d-X
- p-sImv ASn-m-\c
- l
- n-Xa
- m-sW-ph-cn-. {]hm-NI
- s ]nn XpS-h ]n-bn Xsbm-bn-cp-p. P\--fpsS hn Bth-i-m ^fmptam F `b-m Rm XpS-cm-Xn-cn-p-p-shv {]hmN-I Xs hni-Zo-I-cn-p-p. {]hm-N-I \ncym-X-\m-btXmsS Am-cWw \on-sb hkvXpX {]m[m-\y-alnp-p. da-fm-\nse cm{Xn H-Xn\pw ]n-\p-an-Sb
- n kwLSn-n- kp-m-m {ian-p-shp ]d-Xp icn-b. ka-b
- ns Imcy-n X-an-t- m... \ng shSnth--Xn-.
Da(-d)hpw D_-n_v\p IAv_pw Xao-ap-m-cnbpw a-t\Iw
kzlm-_n-amcpw Hcp _nZv-Av m]n-p-shp ]d-bp-Xnse Kpcp-Xc
- m-h
- s
- b-p-dnpw 1429 sImw ]g-t- msS
B _nZv-Av Cpw \ne-\np-p-shpw ]d-bmtam
F-Xn\pw Ccn-thn au\-n-em-Wv. Da(-d) AXn ]sSp-msX Ghpw t{ijvT-I-c-amb ka-btm-n-sb-Xn temI-mcpw Ipw ]d-n-p-an-. AXv At-l
- ns
sXc-s-Sp-m-Wv. cm{Xn Ftm thW-sa-nepw kuIcymw sNm-\-\p-hm-Z-ap DIrjvS C_m-Z-mWv
cm{Xn \a-kvIm-cw. temI apkvenw-I \ \ne-bn \S1435 dP_vd- a-fm

n-hc
- p A\p-hZ- \
- o-bhpw
kuI-cy-{]-Zhpw t{ijvT-Ichpw akvel
-
- p B-bpamb B C_m- Z - ns
bYm kXyw ]dp
tI-tm Atv t]Sn
tXmn-bXv Fs Ip-a
- .
Hcp-]mSv lZo-kp-I DsXmw ]cn-anX t]Pp-I
am{Xw
A\p- h - Z n- p
A^-\m-dn D-cn-t-Xn F-Xn-\m-emWv Fm
lZo-kp-Ifpw D-cn-m-X
- v.
am{X-a CXp kw_-a
- mb
At\Iw lZo-kp-I ImWpIbpw ]Tn-p-Ibpw sNbvXnp Ccn-th-n-tbmSv kqN-\I aXn-bm-Ip-sap [cn-p.
kZp-t-iy-n amm-p-I.
]e ]e Aym-b
- f
- n-em-bnmWv
_pJmcn
DcnsXnepw hnjbw cm{Xn
\a-kvIm-cs
- -p-dnv Xsbm-Wt- m. \_n(-k) hon
\np \a-kvI-cn-p. kzlm_n-am ]n-bn kwL-Snp. Da(-d) hon t]mbn
Hp \a-kvI-cn-p. AtX
Da P\-p ]n-bn
Pam- A - mn \n- l nm kuI- c y- s am- c p- n.
At\Iw kzlm- _ n- a m
AXn ]s-Sp-p. \_n(k) kwL-Sn-n-n-n F
hmNIw Bhn- p- Xn A-an-. Jp-B
43

\_n(-k) P\-sf \mbn

]Tn-n-p. AXv t{ImUo-Icnp apkzv l ^m- n- b Xv
kzlm-_n-If
- m-bn-cpp FXp- t ]m- s ebpw CXns\
ImWmw. apkzvl^n-em-nbXv _nZv - A - m- s Wp
`mj- b n ]d- b m- s a- nepw
kmt-XnI \n-N\
- h
- n-t[-ba- - t m. A- s \- - s bmWv Da- d ns Xdm- h olv
kw_-a
- mbn ]d _nZvAv {]tbm-K-sav apgph lZokv hymJym- X mfpw hy-am-n-bXv Xn-fb
- m \app \n_-_p-n-sb-n-\mWv?
P\- \_n- s b- pSp \a-kvI-cn-Xv \_n(k) Adn-n Fp ]d-bpXv icn-b-. Adn--XpsIm-mWv aqmw Znhkw
^fm-p-sa Xs `bw
P\- sf Adn- b nXpw
\memw Znhkw {]hm-N-I
hcm-Xn-cp--Xpw. cm{Xn \akv I m- c s hmmepw
{]hn- b mepw \n-

emn F [z\n A]-I-SI-c-am-Wv. Xmew {]hmN- I thsp shp.

hon \nv \a-kvI-cn-ma A\p- h mZw sImv
]n-bn ]mSn-s
- m-p-an-tm. ]n m]n-n-cn-pXp Xs \a- k v I - c nm\pw C_m- Z - p- a mbn
_-s-s
- Xmw A\p-jvTnm-\p-am-sW-n-cns P\-fpsS "ieyw' Xom
Da(- d ) sNbv X - X m- s Wv
]dv sImm-t--Xn-tm. \a-kvImcw ]n-bn
ieytam? Ccn-thn ]d-bp-t]mse hmmepw {]hnbmepw \_n \n
sNbvX-Xm-sW-n Da(-d)
AXv ]n- b n HXv
aWnpw ]n-\p-an-S-bn
m]n-m Xp\n-p-shXv ISp Btcm-]W
- a
- mbn- o- c p- - X m- W v . Fs
BZys {]Xn- I - c - W - pdnv Hcn-IqSn Ccn-thn
hmbn- p- I . Fm- n\pw
AXn adp-]S- n-bp-v.

Cv Xo{h- k - e - ^ n- I
Imn- q- p- Xpw hymJym\nv Cm ^fzm-Ce
- p-I
sIn- - d - b pXnepw \apsm- c p- a np t]mcm- S mw.
Cmcyw Fs teJ- \ n hXv Hcn- IqSn
Bhn- - s . ""CtXmsSmw Ccn-th-n-tbmSv tbmPnp Imcy- a m- W v , Cm{X al- \ o- b X Xdm- h oln\p \In ^fzm-bX
- n-t\m Kmw`ocyw \Ip-X
- v.
Fm Ghpw t{ijv T Icw cmh-y-n Xs
F- X n- t \mSv Bpw
hntbm-Pn-p-m-Im km[yX-bn-.'' (A^-\m ew
20, t]. 37). CtXmsS Rm
Cu N Ah-km-\n-n-pp.
Cu N- b n C\n
Ccn- t h- nbpw
tUm.
_.-F.-d-lvam-\p-a-m- h t Ah- k cw
A\p-h-Zn-p-I-bp-q.
(F-Un-)

AP--cm-cmWv?
Da _n Jm-_v(-d) Xs ssk\ym-[n-]-\m-bn-cp kAvZv_v\p
A_o-hJ
- zm-kv(d
- )\p Ab ktiw: ""Xmfpw IqsS-bp-h
- cpw {inp
sImI, \n-fpsS i{Xp-s-Xn-cn AXn-{Iaw \S--cp-Xv. kzw
]m-f-ns sXp-I-sf-bmWv i{Xp--fpsS sXp-I-sf-m `b-s-tS-Xv. apkvenw-I hnP-bn-m-\nS hcp-Xv ]e-tmgpw FXn-cm-fn-If
- psS ssZh[n-m-c
- Imc-Wa
- m-Wv. A-s\-b
- m-bn-cp-p-sh-n \ap-h
- sc AXnP-bn-m Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-n-. Ah \s-m F-n A[n-Ihpw
Bbp-[k
-
- c
- p-am-Wv. \mapw Ah-sc-tmse sXp sNbvXm Ah \sf
Ihn-p-sh-bvpw. in sImp-am{Xw \ap--hsc Iog-S-m-\m-In-.
BZim-[n-jvTnX I-f
- mWv \psS Ghpw henb in.''
(C-_v\pJZp)
44

1435 dP_vd- a-fm

thZm Zi\w
sI.sI

\mi-aS- b
- p {]Ir-Xnbpw
\mi-an-m Cuiz-c\pw
{]IrXn \mi-ap-ff- X- m-Ip-p. Cuiz-c \mi-an-m-h- \pw

\nXy-hp-am-Ip-p. B Htc-sbmcp Cuiz-c \iz-ca

- mb {]Ir-Xntbbpw Pohm-mhn-t\bpw \nb-{n-p-p. B Cuiz-cs\
[ym\n- p- - X p- s Impw Cuiz- c - \ p- a mbn IqSn- t - c p- - X psImpw XmZmyw {]m]n-p-X
- p-sImpw Ah-km\w Pohmm-hn\v amb-bn \np tamw {]m]n-p-hm km[n-p-p.
(tizXm-iz-X-tcm-]-\n-j-v. 128)

ip`-Zn\w!
Cuiz-cs\ [ym\n-p-tm \mw Ahn-Sps A\-amb KpW-sf-bmWv Nn\w sNp-X
- v. B KpW- \mw Hmtcm-cp-tcbpw Cu hniz-s-bm-sIbpw \ne-\np al-XvKp-W
- f
- mWv. As\ kXyw,- kvt\-lw, A-lnw-k,- Zb XpS-nb KpW Fspw Ah Pohn-X
- n-s\-s\ Bh-iy-am-Ip-p-shpw
\mw a\-n-em-p-p. Cu Xncn-d
- nhv Pohm-m-hns\ AYhm hynIsf anYym-[m-c-W-I-fn \npw kXy-t_-m[ntev \bn-pp.
(Nn-m-k-cn-m-K-cw. t]Pv:188)
1435 dP_vd- a-fm

45

Cu D]-\n-jv hN-\ hnip Jp-B\nse

Xmsg ]d-bp hN-\
- sf
IqSp--X s]men-a-bp-f-f-Xmp- p. ""`qan- b n- e p- f - f - h scmw \mi-aS- b
- p-hc
- m-Ipp. atlm-X
- \pw AXy-Zmc-\p-amb \ns cn-Xm-bh am{Xw Ah-ti-jn-p-Xm-Wv.'' (hn.Jp:55:26,27)
""Ahs Xncp-h-Z\(AkvXn-Xz) samgnsI {]]-nse khpw \mi-a-Sbp--Xm-Wv.'' (hn.Jp:28:88)
{]]-w apgp-h XIp
Xcn-W
- a
- m-Ip-Ibpw atlm-X\pw alm- { ]- X m- ] nbpw
AXy-Pz-e-\p-amb Amlp
am{Xw _mn-\np-Ibpw
sNp B Kw`o- c - a mb
cwKs Amlp Xs
Ahs Xncp-h-N-\--fn
C{]-Imcw ]d-bp-p. ""{Kt-Pp-I Npcppw t]mse

BIm-is \mw Npcp-nsb-Sp-p Zn\w! G-hpamZyw krjvSn-bm-cw-`n--Xpt]mse \mw ]nsbpw

Bhn-pw. \mw _m[yX-tb hmKvZm-\-a-t{X-b-Xv.
AXv \mw \S- n- e m- pI
Xs sNpw.''
(hn.Jp:21:104)
""Am- l p- h ns\ IWm- t
coXn- b n
Ah IW- m- n- b n- .
Dbns-gp-tev]p
\mfn `qan apgp- h
Ahs ssIn- S n- b n- e mpw. BIm- i - Ah
s heXp ssIn Npcpn- s h- - - - h - b p- a m- b n- c npw. Ah alm ]cn-ip. Ah ]p-tNp-Xn \nsmw Ah
AXo-X-\m-bn-cn-p-p.''
(hn.Jp:39:67)

{]]--a-Jnew XIs- S pw. GIm- [ n- c m- P - \ mb

{kjv S m- h mb
Amlp
am{Xw Ah- t i- j n- pw.
]noSv Cs LS-\-Isfmw ASn-apSn amn-adnv
`qanbpw BIm-i
- fpw ]p\xkr-jvSn--s-Spw. AmWv
a\p-jy-I--fpsS IrXyamb {]Xn-^ew \I-sSp \mfmb ]c- t emIw
Bcw-`n-p-X
- v. B cwKhpw
Amlp hnh-cn-p--Xn-s\-bm-Wv. ""Ah shfnp
hcp Znh-ka
- m-WXv. Ah
sc kw_-n bmsXmcp
Imcyhpw Am-lp-hn-
tKm]y- a m- b n- c n- n- . B
Znhkw BmWv A[nImcw? GI\pw km-[n-]Xn- b p- a mb Am- l p- h n\p
am{Xw!'' (hn.Jp:40:16).

Zcn-{Z-k-ap-Zm-b-ns Po-apJw
ImktKmUv Fkv.s- sh.-Fkv 60mw
hmjnI kt- f - \ - - - e n 25000
t]p kt-fn-m hmZn-ssXz-_b
- n
]Sp- I q- Hcp- - - f p- m- b n- c p- p.
amenIv Zo\m ba-\n \nv h ]mb- - e ns cq]m- I r- X n- b n- e p- - X mWv
Iymns {][m-\t- h-Zn. s]mXp-kt- -f\-th-Zn-bpsS cq]w amenIv _v\p Zo\m
m]n Xf-c Ppam-ak
- vPn-Zn-s-Xm-bncp-p. ss]XrI kXy- Dsmm X Xc-n-ep thZn-I-fmWv
_mn-sbmw. hnm-\w, hnt\m-Zw,
IuXp-Iw, Fnh kwtbm-Pn-nv Zriy-{imhy hnkvab
-
- Xo {]Zi-\w.
Ipp_v an\m, dufm-ic
- o-^v, {]hm-NI-cpsS hnS-hm- {]kwKw \S P_epd-lva -Xp-S-n-b-h-bpsS \nn-XnIfpw Hcp-n-bn-cp-p. kt-f-\-n-ep46

bm- \ p sImSn- a cw PmY- b mbn

ImktKmUv amenIv Zo\m aJm-an
\nv sImp-h
- p. ]Xm-IP
- mY tImgntmSv hc- aJm-an \nm-cw-`n-p.
AtX, tImSn-I s]mSn-s]m-Sn- p.
kap-Zm-b-n\p Fp-In-n. hne-bn-cpmw. s]cp-Ip sIme-]m-X-I-,
SI-W
- n kz-S-
- n ]nSn-s-S, aZy-]m\ Zpc-
- f
- psS then-tbw. hnhm-l-[qpw ASn-s]mfn Ddqkpkh-f
- pw, XI \_n-Zn\ PmYIfpw aueo-Zp-If
- pw. Kw`o-ca
- mb in
Bcm-[-\-Ifpw hoSn-cn--ep--h-fpw
Dbp-hc
- p ]Sp-Iq- sImm-c
- fpw
amfn-II
- fpw _wm-hp-If
- pw... A-s\-bs\ ]e-Xpw.
(P-Av-^ kzmZn-Jv, ImktKm-Uv)
1435 dP_vd- a-fm

I-`qanI
F.-F. kpan

kwKo-Xhpw D]-I-c-W-fpw
? tNmZyw: {]Nm-c
- nep h kwKo-tXm-]I
- c
- Whpw Ckvemw hntcm-[n-nptm?
Fw.-sI. djoZv, Beph
= Dcw: \_n(-k)bpsS Imev Dm-bncp GsX-nepw ]mp D]I-cWw \njn-a
- m-n-bXv
H kzlo-lmb lZo-knepw
hn-n-. Fm Ahsb
]e cw-K
- f
- n-embn A\p-hZn-Xp lZo-kp-If
- n
nc-sp hcn-Ibpw
sNbvXn-p-v. lm^nfv
Fv C_v\p-l-P(-d)
hnti-jn-n C_v\p
lkw(-d) Fgp-Xpp: ""NXpcw-Kw, ]pmw-Ip-g, hoW,
kwKo-tXm-]I
- c
- W
- w, kmcwKn, In hmZyw, Xw_p-cp
apX-em-bh Fmw Xs
A\p-hZ- \
- o-ba
- m-Wv. Ch
Bsc-nepw \in-n-m
1435 dP_vd- a-fm

Ah D-ch
- m-Zn-bm-Ipw.
{]Xna Hgn-sI. Amlp
]d-bpp: (`q-an-bn DsXmw Rm \np
thn krjvSn-p) (I-hSw Rm \nv
A\p-hZ- n-p) (\n-v
\njn-a
- m-n-bXv Xobmbpw Ah hnhcnpXp). Ch \njn-amWv F-Xnv Jp-Bstbm lZo-kn-stbm
{]kvXm-h\ hn-n-. Chbn hXpw \in-n-m
AXns hne \Ip-hm
\in-n-h
- D-ch
- m-Zn-bmIp-sav Camw A_q-l\
- o^(-d) A`n-{]m-b-s-Sp-p.
Hcp lZokpw Ch hntcm-[np-X
- mbn hn-n-.
hXp Fmw Xs a\pjy-\nn-X-am-Wv.''
(ap-l 9 59)
kzlm-_n-h-cy-m-cpsS

hon AXn-Yn-I
hm Ahsc k-cnp-hm thn kwKo-tXm]-Ic
- Ww D]-tbm-Kn-m-dpsv _pJm-cnbpw
apkvenapw D-cn lZokn ]d-bpp: ankvl
FmWv {]tbm-Kn-X
- v.
CXns Aw ImWpI:
In-hm-Zyw, kmcw-Kn,
hoW, Xw_p-cp, s]cp-d
(Aal). A_q-kAv Xs hon AXn-YnI hcp-tm C{]-Imcw
kwKo-tXm-]I
- c
- W
-
- D]tbm-Kn-m-dp-sv lZokn ]d-bp-p. \_n(-k)
Bbn-i(-d)-tbmSv Ctlw
s]cp-am-dn-b-Xp-t]mse
Rm \ntmSv s]cp-amdpw
Fp ]d-bp-p. Ctlw
lmtam-Wnbw ]mSn-Xns\ \_n(-k) Hgn-hm-pn-. Cu hnj-b
- n
47

kwKo-Xhpw kwKoX D]-Ic-W

- fpw \_n-Nc
- y-bn
Fsmcp {Kw 55 lZokp-I D-cn-p-sImv
Rm A\p-hZ- \
- o-ba
- msWv m]n-n-p-v.
F{Xtbm hj-v
apv Cd-nb Cu ]pkvXI-n\v Ch ldm-am-sWv
P]n-p-h
- adp-]Sn
Fgp-Xn-bn-n. Ch-cpsS
sXfn-hp-Iv Rm Cu
{K-n hy-ambn
adp-]Sn Fgp-Xp-Ibpw
sNbvXn-p-v. CXns
tImn e`n-p-hm B{Kln-ph Fs kao-]np-I. K^nse Nne Ad_n-If
- psS A`n-{]mbw apPmln-Zp-Iv CS-bn Fm
hnj-b-nepw {]N-cn-n-phm B{K-ln-p
NnecmWv Ch \njn-a
- msWv P]n-p-X
- v. ChcpsS hen-sbmcp ]n-X\mWv apl-Zv kzmenlv
A Dssk-an-. At-lns ^Xvhb
- n ]d-bpXp kqcy `qanv Nppw
Nen-p-Ib
- m-Wv. `qan
kqcy\v Nppw Nen-p-Ib
- . kqcy `qanv Nppw
Id-p-Xp sImmWv
cmhpw ]Iepw Dm-Ip-Xv. CXmWv hnip JpB\pw kzlo-lmb lZokp-Ifpw ]d-bp-X
- v.
aKvcn_v ka-bv kqcy
{]`mXw hsc Am-lphns knwlm-k\
-
- ns
Nph-n kpPqZv sNbvXp
InS-pw. {]`m-Xa
- m-Iptm Ingv \nv DZn-phm Amlp kqcy\v
A\p-aXn \Ipw.'' CXpw
lZo-kn ]d-bp-p-v.
48

apkvenapw D-cn
lZo-kn ]d-bpp:
ankvl FmWv
{]tbm-Kn--Xv.
CXns Aw
ImWpI: In-hmZyw, kmcw-Kn, hoW,
Xw_p-cp, s]cp-d
(Aal).
A_q-k-Av Xs
hon AXn-Yn-I
hcp-tm C{]Imcw kwKo-tXm-]I
- c-W
- D]-tbm-Knm-dp-sv lZokn ]d-bp-p.
\_n(-k) Bbn-i(-d)tbmSv Ctlw s]cpam-dn-b-Xp-t]mse
Rm \ntmSv
s]cp-amdpw Fp
]d-bp-p. Ctlw
lmtam-Wnbw ]mSn-Xns\ \_n(-k)
Hgn-hm-p-n-.

CXv \mw hniz-kn-t-Xnt?' C{]-Im-c-samw

Cu \qm-nepw Jp-Bs\bpw lZo-kp-Is
- fbpw
sXmbn hymJym-\np ]dbp ]n-X
- m-cmWv
kwKo-Xhpw kwKo-tXm-]I
- c-W
- fpw Jp-B\pw
lZokpw \njn-a
- m-n-bn-psv ]d-bp-X
- v. \psS
kvIqfpIfn \memw
mkn ]Tn-p Hcp
Ipnv t]mepw Adnbmw
`qan kqcy\v Npp-amWv

Nen-p--sX-v. kqcy
`qanv Nppw Id-p-Xp
sIm cmhpw ]Iepw
Dm-Ip-Xv. {]XypX `qan
kzbw Id-p-Xv
sImmWv cm]-I-ep-I
Dm-Ip-X
- v. kqcy Hcp
ep AkvXa
- n-ptm asmcp ev
DZn-p-p. AkvXa
- n-psImv {]`mXw hsc Hcp
ep nc-ambn InSp-n F
bmYmyw.
Ch N{-am-k
- ns
am\-Zw ImgvNb
- m-Wv,
IWv sImv Dd-mb
Adnhv e`n-p-Ib
- n Fv
]d-bp-X
- nepw \mw ApX-s-tS-X
- n-. C_v\p
lP(-d) t]mepw
^Xvlp _mcn-bn
imkv{Xob Adn-hn\v FXncmbn H-s lZo-kp-I
hm AXp sXfn-hn
Fv ]d-bp-p-v.
imkv{Xob Adnhpw
imkv{Xob \nK-a\hpw
cm-Wv. \nK-a\w sXp-Xm-Wv. kqcys AkvXa
- \
- n\v tijw C{X an\pv
N{ N{I-hm-f
- n
Ds-Xv imkv{Xo-ba
- mb
IWpw Adn-hpamWv.
\nK-a\
- a
-
- . kqcy Ifn-ans XSm-I
- n
AkvX-an-p-I-bm-sWpw
Cu ssiJ-m Jp-B\ns _mlyw ]nSnv
m]n-p-hm Xm-dmIpw. `qan ]ncn amXncn
]c-X
- m-sWpw JpBs _mlymw
]nSnv Ch m]n-p-Xm-Wv.
1435 dP_vd- a-fm

Nn

Fw.-Jm-enZv, \ne-q

apow hn[hbp-sS
"C'sbp-dnv Nne- Nn-I
-

1435 dP_vd- a-fm

Adn-b-s-Sp--h-fmWv Hcp
hn[- h - s b- n, Ah
Fn\v ]ntbpw \mep
amkw ]v Znhkw C
]men-Ww? AtX t]mse
Hpw {]k-hn-m hyIfmb `mcy-amcpw Bhw
hfsc apt \ne hr-]Xv\n-I-fp-sampw C-bn
\nsm-gn-hm--s-Sm--sXp-sImv?
Atm K`w nco-Icn--e apJy Imcy-sav
a\- n- e m- h p- p. acn
`m- h n\v thn- b p- f f
{]m- \ - I - f nepw apw
Ignp Iqp- I , Ae- mc
m\- shSn-bp-I, Ignbp-{X shfn-bn t]mImsXbpw A\y-]p-cp-j-m-cpambn ImWm- \ n- S - h - c p- msXbpw ]p\hnhm-l-sn kwkm- c n- m- s X- b psams \ne-sIm-ff
- pI XpS-

F ]Zw sImv bYmn hnh- n- p- - s Xsms Fpw apw Adnbm B{K-la

- p-ff
- h
- Gsdbp-n-hnsS Ct-gpw.
{]kvXpX Ime-b-f-hn
hn[-h-Iv ]p\hn-hm-ln\v hne-p-f-f-Xn-\mepw,
Fm K`n-Wn-bmb hn[h- b psS
C
{]khw
htcbpf- f q- s hXn- \ mepw
ap `m- h n \nv
hn[h K`n-Wn-bm-bn-ptm
F- d n- b - e mWv C- b psS
Xmev]cyw Fv ]d-bp-h
- cp-v. CXv ]t A{X icnbmbn tXmp-n-. hn[-hbpsS aq{Xw ]cn-tim-[n-m
tUmIvSam Xs ]dp
Xcp- a tm.
hn[- h v
K`aptm FXv Cmev am{X- a - m, `mhns acWw kw`-hn-p
ka- b p Xs ctm,aqtm amkw K`n-Wn-bmbn

XpSp-ff \mep amkhpw

]v Znh- k hpw Imew
hn[h C BN-cn-W
- s
- a-Jp-B-\nI Iev]\ kw_ Nne Ahy-X
- I
- fpw
kwi- b - fpw {i- b n
s]Sp-p-I-bm-Wn-hnsS Dtiyw. ]gb Imev C-bpsS
t]cn kap-Zm-b
- n ]e
A- a mb
[mc- W - I
]ecpw shv ]pen-bn-cppt]m-h
- n-[h
- I
- {]mY-anIm-hi
- y- t]mepw th
amXncn \n- l n- msX,
shfnw Ipd apdn-If
- n
\mep amkw ]v Znhkw
Ignp Iqm-dm-bn-cp-pht{X
]Xn-hv. Aan-Xa
- mb Acw
coXn-If
- n \nsms Cv
kap- Z mbw ap- a m- b n- c npp FXv Bizmkw
Xs. Fnepw Fn-\mWv
C, FmWv Cmw C
sImpt-in-p--Xv, C

`m-hns ac-Ws

acn `m-hn\v thn-bp-ff {]m-\I

- f
- nepw apw Ignp IqpI, Ae-mc m\- shSn-bp-I, Ign-bp-{X shfn-bn t]mImsXbpw A\y-]p-cp-j
- m-cp-ambn ImWm-\n-Sh
- c
- p-m-sXbpw ]p\hnhml-s-n kwkm-cn-m-sX-bp-sams \ne-sIm-ff
- pI XpS-n-bh
-
- pff Hcp Zom-Im-ea
- m-bmWv Csb ImtW-Xv F \ne-]m-SmWv
]ep-ap-ff
- X
- v. C-db
- pXv am{X-amWv icn-sb-n , cP-]p-{X-h\
- nX-InS-bn \ne-\n-n-cp kXn F Zpcm-Nm-cs Hmn-np Hm-hns Cm-anse Cbpw?

49

C F \nb-a-ns
kmt-Xn-Ih
- i
-
- IW-nse-Sp-p-tm Nne kwib- fpw
tNmZy- fpw
_mn-bm-hp-p. AXm-b-Xv,
C Imew am{X-amWv Hcp
hn[- h v ]p\hn- h m- l n\v hne-ts-Sp-n-bnp- f f aX- nse GI
k`w. Fn {]khw
aqews]sv C hnap-amb hn[-hv Ah-fm-{K-lnp- p- s h- n
thsd
hnhmlw Ign-m A\p-hmZ- a p- m- h p- a - t m. AX- m,
]p\hn-hm-l-n-\p-ff
hnev am{Xw \mep amkw
]v Znhkw Xs {]k-hn-hpapv FmtWm
Icp-Xs
- -Sp-X
- v ? Cu Imeb-fhv ]qn-bm-bnpw {]kh- k - a - b - s a- msX K`nWnbmbn XpS-cphpw
C Xo- X n\v tijhpw
]p\hn-hm-ln\p-ff
hnev {]khw hsc XpScpI Xs sNpw Ft
Icp-tX--Xv.--C-m-sb-n
ap`m-hns Ipns\
hb- n Npap sImmbmepw K`n-Wn-bmb hn[h
B{K-ln-p-p-sh-n
]p\ hnhmlw Ign-p-Xv
sXm-sWv hcnt?
{]Xy- - n Df- f - X ntesd [mn-Ihpw kmtXn- I - h p- a mb Iptd {]iv \ C F Cm-anI
Iev]\ ISv AXv N
sN-s-tS--Xn-t.... sNs- S - W - s av Xs- b mWv
Cu Df-fh
- s ]w

50

Snepw Hcn--ep-a-Xn Fv
Icp-Xp-Xv hnh-c-t-Sm-Wv,
]g- [mc-Wb
- m-Wv. `mcybpsS `mhv F- ,
adnv CW-I (AkvhmPv)
F kwt_m-[\ hnfn-tmXp ]Zw sImmWv JpB Z-Xn-Isf hnti-jn-nn-p-f-fXv Fv A`n-am-\]qw hnhm-lk
- Z-
- p-If
- n
kZm {]kw-Kn-p ]nX-m, i-fa
- n-m eohv
GSpmbmepw hn[h C
BN- c n- - W w, hn[- h
(widowan) Hpw sNt-Xn-, F ^Xvh \Ip-Xns kmwKXyw a\-n-emm {]bm-ka
- p-v.
hntcm-[m-`m-k-am-b-\p-`-hs- S p thsdbpw Nnecpo C Imcy-n. K`nWn- b mb hn[- h - b psS C
Imew {]khw hsc. Fpf- f Xv Ahp- m- h p
{]bm- k - p- f f Hcp
Cfhv F \ne- m- s Wn {]k- h n- p Fm
hn[-hI
- pw AXn-\l-Xbp-m-th--Xn-t `mhns ac-Wt- ijw aWnqdp-Ip-f-fn {]k-hn-p-h C BN-cn-t-X
- n. Fm B ac-W
- n\v
sXmp-ap-mbntmbn {]k-hsa-n, B hn[h C-bpsS
Fm Nn-h-
- fpw ]men-pIbpw thWw. kam-\k
- m-lN-cy-fn-ep-ff Ccp-ht- cmSpw
Xpey- \ oXn F Xzw
ChnsS ewLns- S p- I bt- \oXn-bpsS aX-amb
Cm-an Ans\ Dm-hptam, _-s--h Nnnv
adp-]Sn ]d-bs?

n-bh
-
- p-ff Hcp Zom-Ime-am-bmWv Csb ImtWXv F \ne- ] m- S mWv
]ep- a p- f - f - X v . C- d - b pXv am{X-amWv icn-sb-n,
cP-]p-{X-h-\n-X-InS-bn
\ne-\n-n-cp kXn F
Zpcm- N m- c s Hmn- np Hm- h ns Cmanse Cbpw? As-n
Fp- s Imv {]kv X pX
\njvIj-X-I Hc-f-thm-fsa-nepw `mcy- acn `mhns Imcy- n aXw
\n-bnn?
`mcy-am Df-ft- mgpw, Hcp
`mcy acn-p AtX Znh-khp-sams ]pcp-j\v thsd
hnhmlw Ign-m A\p-hmZ- a p- v . \_n(- k ) bpsS
Imew sXmt AXn-\p-Zm-lc- W - - f p- v . Atm
{]kvXpX tNmZy-n\v {]kn-bn-m-bn-cn-mw. ]t,
]pcp- j IpSpw- _ s
t]mt- - h \pw XZv Bhiymw bm{X sNt-h
- \p- s am- s - b m- I - b m- e mWv
kv{Xov am{Xta Cm thXpffq Fv shXv A\ymbw F ]d- n- e n- \ p- a n
Hpw {]k-n!
]pcp- j - m- t cm- s Smw
tXm tNv kap- Z mb
tkh-\-n-tes-Sp-Xpw,
Ah-tc-m Db DtZymKhpw hcp-am-\h
- p-ap-ff apow
`mcy-am-cp-ff Ime-am-Wn-Xv.
`mcybpw `mhpw tNv
tPmen-sb-Sp-mepw Pohnm Ign-bm kml-Nc
- yn, `m- h n\v am{XamWv km-nI _m[yXI `mcyv Hcp Npp-]m-

1435 dP_vd- a-fm

]p\hm-b\/ Anms Bob ke-^nkw

apPm-lnZv ]nfn-tev
\bn ba _w

1435 dP_vd- a-fm

Zmdp lZokv t\Sn-sbv

ba-\n \np-ff am[y-a-dntmpI
]d- b p- p.

2001 hsc Cs\-v,- sSen-hn-j,- ]-{Xw, t- ^mtm-{Km^n Fnh A\ph-Zn-m-Xn-cp ZmPv

2001 \ne-]mSv amn.
Cs\-v,-ssh-ZypXn
Fnh A\p-hZ
- \
- o-ba
- mn. AXp-hsc
hnZymn-Iv hnhml-tam,-`m-cy-am-cp-sam-pff hmktam A\p-hZ- nm-Xn-cp Ah s]mSps\ AsXmw A\p-hZ-\o-ba
- m-n. ssiJv
apJv_n _n lmZnbpsS ac-Wt- m-sS-bmbn-cpp AXv. Gsd Zpcql-XI
- f
- p-ff Cu tI{\n-tev APo-cn-b,]m-nm,- A-ta-cn-,
X
- pn,- ss\-Po-cn-b,
Ctm-t\-jy, Cwv
XpSn hnh[ cmPy-fn \nv Bfp-I
Fp-p-v.

kw

L- S \ Xn- b msW hmZw ba-\nse ZmPn \nmWv An-mtv Fn-bX

- v. kwL-S\
ke^n BZi- a - s pw
kwL-S-\-I-tfm-sSmw
\np-h
- "lnkv_n-I'
(kw- L - S - \ m- { ]- h - I )
]ng- - h - c m- s Wpw Ah
ke- ^ n- I - f spw \mSp
\osf kpss_dpw kwLhpw
]dp \S- p. Fm
AtZ-iob am[y-a-
2011 apX ba-\n \nv
]pd-p-hn dntmp-I
Ah-cpsS hmZw Im]-Sy-amsWv hy-am-p-Ib
- m-Wv.
ba-\n Ad_v hnhw
XpS-nb k`n ba\nse A_vZp-ff kpsslen\v ]npW \evIp-Ib
- m-bncpp ba- \ nse Zmdp
lZokv sNbvX-Xv. AtX-kabw lqZzn-I F-dn-bs
- Sp inbm t]mcm-fn-I ba\nse Zm-Pn\p t\sc B{IaWw i-am-n. t\cs
Xs tXmp-I D]-tbm-Knp-Ib
- pw {]Xym-{I-aW
-
- n\v
Xm-dm-bn-cn-p-Ibpw
sNbv X n- c p Zm- P n\v
]t inbm A{I-an-If
- psS
AXn- { I- a - n ]nSnp
\nm- \ m- b n- . CtX
kabw ba-\nse AJzbvZ
A\p-Iq-en-I-fpsS ]npW

Sn.-dn-bmkv tam
kwL- S \ Xn- b m- s Wv
hmZn-h
- AJzbvZ A\pIqe kwL- S - \ - I sf ZmPn klm-bn-If
- mn shpshv am[y-a
- . \yq dnnIv ]{X-n ba-\nepw
kndn- b - b nepw am[y- a - { ]h- I - \ mbn
tPmen
t\mp
Xntbm- ] mUvt\mkv 2012 P\p-hcn 30\v
Fgp- X nb teJ- \ - n
Cmcyw hy-am-p-p.
ba- \ nse A_v Z p- f f
kpssl `c-W-Iq-S-n
\nv Fm B\p- I q- e yfpw ]n- b n- c p- p ZmPnse Zmdp lZo-kv. 2011
Ah-km-\t- msS Ah-cpsS
{]Xm]w Ah-km-\n-p-Ibpw
sNbvXp. A_vZp-ff kpsslen-s\-Xn-cmb t]mcmw sXmsWv ^Xv h bn- d - m
Ahv bmsXmcp aSn-bp-apm-bn-. Fm Ahv
kzw Xm- c y- n\p
thn kmbp[ kwL-f
- pambn Iqp IqSm-t\m, tNcmt\m,- B- b p[w In- s e- S pmt\m bmsXmcp aSn-bp-apm-bn-. P\- hnhw
\S- p- t m ]m]hpw
kzw \ne-\n-evn-\p-thn
Ah bp- n- t es- S ptm Pnlm-Zp-am-Ip ZznapJ-hm-Z-amWv Zmdp lZokv
]pd-s-Sp--Xv.
51

]cm-P-b- Gp hmptm Xs tIc-f-n

Xcw XmW A[n-Im-c- t]mcm-
- XpS-cp-Ib
- m-Wv.
CPvvXn-lm-Zns (K-th-jW-ns) hmXn-ep-I-fmWv
Ah BZyw Xmgnp ]qn-bXv. Hcp \qm-ns ]g-a
- pff \thm-m\ Bi-b-sfmw apIme {]m_-eytmsS \h Bob ke^n-I dv sNbvXp If-p.
Jp-B ]cn-`mj apX
B[p-\nI hnZym-`ymkw hsc
tIc-fob apnw- t\Snb
apgp-h CuSp-sh-p-It- fbpw
\ncm-I-cn-p-Ibpw \ntj-[np-Ibpw sNbvXv sImm

kwL-S\
- I
- Xn-bmWv
F-XmWv Bob ke^n- I - f psS {][m\ hmZw.
lnkv_v (-I
- n-Xzw) Xn-bmsWv hmZn-m Nne lZokp-I-tfbpw Ah ZphymJym- \ n- p- p. Ckv e mw
In-Xz-tbpw,ho-b-Xtbbpw,tN-cn-Xn-cn-hp-I-tfbpw
AwKo-Ic
- n-p-n-. {Kqv hgp-Ifpw hn`m-Kob {]h\- fpw Xn- b mWv F
Imcy-n kwi-b-hp-an-.
Fm CtX lnkv_n\v
(A- d _n
]Z- a mWnXv )
kwL-S\ Fv Aw- Btcm-]nv tIc-f
- nse apPmlnZv {]m-\-n\v t\sc

2001 hsc Cs\-v,- sSen-hn-j,- ]-{Xw, -t^m-tm{Km^n Fnh A\p-hZ- n-mXn-cp ZmPv 2001 \ne]mSv amn. Cs\-v,-sshZypXn Fnh A\p-hZ- \
- o-bam-n. AXp-hsc hnZymnIv hnhm-lt- am,-`m-cy-am-cpsam-p-ff hmktam A\p-hZn-m-Xn-cp Ah s]mSps\ AsXmw A\p-hZ- \
- ob-am-n. ssiJv apJv_n
_n lmZn-bpsS ac-Wt- msS-bm-bn-cpp AXv. Gsd
Zpcq-l-X-I-fp-ff Cu tI{\n-tev APo-cn-b,- ]mnm,- A- t a- c n- , Xpn,- ss\-Po-cn-b, Ctm-

52

Wv kpss_ a- S bpw
kwLhpw ]S ]pd-s--Xv.
kap- Z m- b - n- \ - I - t v
bmsXmcp shfn-hpw ISp
hc-cp-sX \n_-_
- p-nbp-ff
- Xp t]mse Ah XfpsS ]p hmZ-ap-J
-
Hmtcm-mbn ]pd-s-Sp-p.
Cu Bib t{kmX-p-IfpsS {][m\ Dd-hnSw ba\nse Zpcq-lX
- b
- p-ff ssiJv
apJv_n _o lmZn A
hmZn-bm-Wv. Xs Pohn-XImew apgp-h kwi-b-fpsS \ng At- l s
hnSmsX ]np-Sn-p-v.
Adp-]n-n-cn- Bi-b
-
Ah- X - c n- nv _lp- ` q- c n-

hnai\w D-bn-p-Ib
- mWv
Ah-cpsS coXn.
AtZ-io-b-X-e-n
Xm IqSn ]m- f n- b mb
aqhv s a v ]cm- P - b - s - S ptm Xs tIc-f
- nepw
At- l - ns \o-
apow kapZm-b
- n Akz-XI
- krjvSn-p-p-v.
apPm- l nZv {]m- \ - n\v
BZi hnipn t]msc
pw, A- X ns ke^o
al-Pn-tev Xncnv sIm
p t]mI-Ws
- apw hmZnv
\S- nb Hc Zim_v Z w
\op-\n {]h-\-fpsS A\n-hm-cy-amb XIbmWv Ctm Dm-bn-cn-p-Xv. {]Xy-bi
- vkv{X-]c
- a
- mb

t\- j y, Cwv XpSn

hnh[ cmPy- - f n \nv
Bfp-I Fp-p-v.
Bcw`w apX Cp
hsc Zpcq-l-X-I-fpw,- ssh-cp[y-fpw \nd-p-\n-evp
Zm-Pn-s\-bm-bn-cpp
kpss_ aS Xs Bob- t I- { - a mbn A\p- b m- b nIv ]cn-Nb
- s
- -Sp-n-bX
- v.
Zm- P n- s \- X nsc Ad_v
temI- - S w hnai- \ Db-cp-tm ba-\ns
BZi- sXm- s Wv
]dv \ ]nff Na-bm\mWv kpss_ aS {ianp- - X v . AXns ey Fm- s W- - X ns\
Ipdnpw Zpcq-lX
- I
- Dv.

Bcw`w apX Cp hsc Zpcq-lX

- I
- f
- pw,- ssh-cp-[y-fpw \nd-p-\n-e
v p
Zm-Pn-s\-bm-bn-cpp kpss_ aS Xs Bo-b-tI-{-ambn A\p-bmbn-Iv ]cn-Nb
- s
- -Sp-n-bX
- .v Zm-Pn-s\-Xnsc Ad_v temI-S- w hnai\- Db-cp-tm ba-\ns BZi- sXm-sWv ]dv \ ]nff
Na-bm-\mWv kpss_ aS {ian-p-X
- v. AXns ey- Fm-sW-Xns\ Ipdnpw Zpcq-lX
- I
- Dv.

1435 dP_vd- a-fm

Fm apPm-lnZv {]m\hpw, apow thUv eoKpw,

PwC--p ssJ-cn-bpw
lnkv_ns ]cn-[n-bn hcnIbpw sNp-p.
km-aq-ly-kw-L-S-\-I-fn
{]hn-p--h ]ng--hcm- s Wpw _nZv - C - I - f msWpw {]kw- K - - f nepw
Fgp- nepw \S- p
hnai\w In-Xz-ns
]cn- [ n- b n hcp- - X m- W v .
X-f
- m-h
- c
- psS A`n-{]mb-sfmw ]ng-X
- m-sWv
ap{Z- b - S n- p GmSpw
In-Xz-ns ]cn-[n-bn
hcp- - X m- W v . ]c- k v ] cw
kemw sNm-cp-sX Anms ^Xvhbpw In-Xzns-Spw. Fm InXzhpw hn`m- K o- b - X bpw
hfp X-fpsS \ne]m-Sp-I ]nghv ]m-X
- mbn
kan-p-Ibpw kap-Zm-bns \bv v thn
\ne-sIm-ff
- p-h
- sc ]ng-h
- cm-sWv ap{Z-b-Sn-p-I-bpamWv Ch sNp-X
- v.
aX-ns am\-hnI aqey-fn Xosc Xm]-cy-an-.
B kao-]-\-amWv Bob
ke^n-k-ns apJ-ap-{Z.
kmaq- l n- I - C - S - s ]- S - e p- I tfmSpw cmjv{So-b -{]-h\--tfmSpw Ahcn hnapJX In-cp-p. {]mNo-\amb Iyq-Wnn PohnX
coXn-bn-eqsS kzbw ipo-Icn-m-sapw Xn-Isf sNdpm- s a- p- a mWv Bob
ke-^n-k
- ns {]Xy-bimkv{Xw.
(IS-mSv:
h-am\w 14/12/13)

F Imcy-n kwi-bhpan- . Fm CtX

lnkv_n\v (A-d_n ]Z-amWn- X v ) kwL- S \ F
Aw Btcm-]nv tIc-fnse apPm-lnZv {]m-\n\v t\sc hnai\w Dbn- p- I - b mWv Ah- c psS
coXn.
ke- ^ n- b - v , Alv e p
p Fo ]Z- Ah
lnkv _ ns ]cn- [ n- b n
s]Sp- p- n- . (Jp- B \ntem lZo-kntem apowsf ]cn-N-b-s-Sp-m
Acw hmp-I D]-tbmKn-n-p-an-). Zm-Pnse XfpsS tI{- n\v Zmdp
lZokv Fp t]cn- Xpw
lnkv_n s]Sn-. Anms Xmh-f-n\v Zmdp
lZokv Fv Ctm t]cnn-cn-p-p. AXpw lnkv_n
s ]cn-[n-bn hcp-n-.

]c-kv]cw kemw sNmcp-sX An-ms

^Xvhbpw In-Xzns-Spw. Fm
In-Xzhpw hn`m-Ko-bXbpw hfp XfpsS \ne-]m-Sp-I
]nghv ]m-X
- mbn
kan-p-Ibpw kapZm-b
- ns \bvv
thn \ne-sIm-ff
- p-hsc ]ng-h
- c
- m-sWv
ap{Z-b-Sn-p-I-bp-amWv
Ch sNp-X
- v.

]w ]n- X - mpw
A\-`n-aX
- \
- m-bn-cpp ke^n
hna- X .
]mnXyw
sImtm,-ss[-j-WnI
kw`m- h - \ - I sImtm
aow temIp anI- p\np Bfp-a Atlw. 1979se a-bnse ldw
B{I-a-ns KqVm-tem-N\-bn ]p hln-h
- s
- \v
BtKmf am[y-a
- ssiJv
apJv_n-ens\ hnti-jn-n-np- v . Acw Zpcql
hyn-Xz-hp-ambn kpss_
a-Ssb Iqnbn-W-n-bXv
BcmWv FXv Cpw Zpcql-ambn XpS-cp-p.
ba- \ p- a m- b p- f f _w
s]mfn-t- m aZo-\b
- nse
ssiJv d_olv _n lmZn
A aZv J - e n- b psS ^Xv
hbmWv kpss_ A\p-bmbn-Iv apn Ah-Xc
- n-np- - X v . Ad_v ke- ^ nIn- S - b n Gsd hna
i\ hnt[- b - \ m- b n- p- f f
]n-X\
- mWv ssiJv d_olv. CXc {]m-\
- t- fmSv
At-bw hntZzjw ]pe
p aZvJen hn`m-K-n
s \ne- ] m- S p- I Ad_v
kaq-l-n aZvJen aqhv
sa v F- d n- b - s - S p- p.
"ke-^n aZJ-en' Fpw
AXns\ hnfn-m-dp-v.
kwL- S \ Xn- b mWv
F-XmWv Bob ke^n- I - f psS {][m\ hmZw.
lnkv_v (I-n-Xzw) Xnbm-sWv hmZn-m Nne
lZo- k p- I - t fbpw Ah
Zphym-Jym-\n-p-p. Cmw
In-Xz-t-bpw, ho-bX
- tbbpw, tNcn-Xn-cn-hp-It- fbpw
AwKo-I-cn-p-n-. {Kqp
hg-p-Ifpw hn`m-Ko-b -{]h-\-fpw Xn-bmWv
1435 dP_vd- a-fm

53

hnNn-\w
Fw.-Jm-enZv \ne-q

teJ-I-s\-tm-ep-f-f-h
Nnn-t Imcy-am-Wn-Xv.
tIhew Zqcw IqSp-Xe
- pXp sImmWv C_v\pAmkv Ipssd_v I
hnhcw kzoI-cn-m-Xn-cn-p-sXn AXv am{Xw
]dv C{X-b[
- nIw
Ipssd-_ns\ hnkvXc
- nmsX Xs At-ln\v Xocp-am\w {]Jym-]nm-at- m. AXn-\m
'{]mtZ-inI ]ndhn
hmZ'n\v Cu kw`hw
sXfn-hm-p--Xn-ean.
Hmtcm-cp-cpw Hmtcm
CSpw I tijw am{Xsa \nbaw amk-n-dh
- nbvn-. hmkvXh
-
- n
Hcn-Sv amk-n-dhn
Im B hnhcw hnizmky-amw-hn[w e`n-p-hsmw AXv kzoI-cn aXn
\n_am-Wv. Acw
Hcp hnhcw kzoI-cn-m\pw
Xf-fm\pw Hcp Zqc-]c
- n[n
\nbw Ckvemw \S-nbn-ptm? ChnsS KWn-Xim-kv{X-ns\ am{Xw
Bkv]-Za-a-p--h-cp-v.
Ah-cpsS Imcy-a ]d-bp-Xv. ImW-Ww, Im
am{Xta imkv{X-{]-Imcw
ImWm km[y-Xb
- p-mbmepw kzoI-cn-p-sav

Kv 9 se 'hnNn-\w' hmcn-Ib
- nse lZokv
]mTw ]wn-bn sI.-]n. Ipn-ap-l
- Zv kp-an-bpsS "amkn-dhn Zi\w' F Ipdnv hmbn-X
- n-\m Ipdn-p-Xm-Wn-Xv. Ah {]kn-o-Ic
- n-n F-Xn-\m,
Cv temI-s-m-hpw `qan-bpsS Hcp `mKv Ccpm-hp-tm adp-`m-Kv ]I-em-hp-sa-d
- n-bmw. hyXykvX
CS-f
- n ka-b
- hyXy-kvXa
- m-sWdn-bmw.
\_n(k)bptSbpw klm-_
- n-tbpw Ime-mpff
[mcW, `qan \op-]c
- p InS-p-Ib
- m-sWpw, kqcy\pw
N{-\p-samw DZn-p-Xpw AkvXa
- n-p-Xpw temIs-m-bn-Spw Htc t]mse Htc ka-b
- m-sWpsams-bm-hW
- w. hym]-Ia
- mbpw AXn-th-KX
- b
- n-ep-ap-ff bm{XI-tfm, C-s-tm-se-bp-ff hmm hn\n-ab kuIcytam Cm-Xn-cp-X
- n-\m, ag s]p-tm `qan-bn
Fm-bn-Spw Hcp t]mse s]p-Ib
- m-sWv [cn-n-cp-h \psS ]g-a
- m-cn Xs Dm-bn-cp-pht{X! AXn\m Cs \psS Adnhpw Ah-bpw shp
sImv teJ-I Ipssd_v kw`-hs t\mn ImWpXpw \nK-a\-f
- n-se-p-Xpw icn-bm-hn-. Hcp dwkm\n\v apv iman-se-nb Ipssd_v F-bm AhnsS
shv amk-n-dhn I hnhcw, im ]nd-hnbvv Ipd-p\m apv aZo-\b
- n-sen C_v\p Am-kn-t\mSv ]d-bpXpw, Fm iman Ipssd_pw apBhnbpw IXns ]nt Znh-ka
- mWv aZo-\b
- n dwkm ]ndhn I-Xv
F-Xn-\m aZo-\b
- nse ImgvN {]Imcw Imcyw Xocp-am-\nm C_v\p- Amkv Xm-dm-hp-X
- p-sam-s-bmWv
{]kvXpX kw`-hw.
t\mpw s]cp-mfpw apw {]mtZ-in-Ia
- mbn ImW-sSp ]nd-hnsb ASn-m-\a
- m-n-bmWv th-sXpf-fX
- ntebvv sXfn-hm-Wn-sXt{X teJ-Is ]w. ChnsS
Htc Hcp tNmZyw.- Zn-hk
-
- v tij-amWv Ipssd_v
dwkm amk-n-dhn I Imcyw aZo-\b
- n hv ]d-bp-Xv. t\sc adnv amk-n-dhn I DSs\ Xs imanse
Kh-dmb apB-hn-bsb "t^mWn hnfnp' Cp-ff
t]mse hnhcw Adnbn-ncpsnepw, C_v\p- Amkv
ta ]d {]Im-ca
- p-ff \ne-]m-sS-Sppam-bn-cp-tm?

Ime-am--a-dn-bm
tIcf lnem Inn

54

1435 dP_vd- a-fm

1435 dP_vd- a-fm

s\bpw sNbvXp sImf-fs.

IWpw ImWepw Htc
kabw ASn-m-\a
- mppshp ]d-bp
tIcf lnem I-n-m
C\n-sb-nepw Hcp Imcyw
a\-n-em-n-bm \v.
X-fpsS \ne-]m-Sn
Xs sshcp-y-ap-f-fXv
a\-n-emn, tIcf
lnem F {]tbmKw
Dt]-n-W
- w. tIcf
lnem I-n, Im-SI
lnem I-n, Xan-gv\mSv
In Fsms ]dbm, Cu kwm-\
- fpsS AXn-cp-Is
- fmpw
\_n \n-bnv X-X
- .
s\{lp `mjm-Sn-m-\n Dm-nb Ch-sbns\ aXn _m[Iamhpw. Xncp-h-\--]p-cv
100 In.-ao.-am{Xw Zqc-p-ff
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55

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56

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hfsc tam-ia
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XpSw apX AXnpw
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alhy- n- b mWv tIc- f n C-dn-bs
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F A_nDkmabpsS Hcp teJ\w 2014 amv 21 se i_m-_n
hnp-v. BZ-c-Wob ]n-X F.-A-_vZp-emw kp-ansb
lZokv \ntj-[n-bmbn `kn-p--hsc i-ambn t\cn-Sp
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H-aqen sImv XIm {ian-p-X
- v.
In tNmc- b n- m
hn[hpw B{I- a n- p- I bpw
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hmcn-I, -k-Xy-[m-c,- kp-nthmbvkv,- A-C^mZv XpSn- b h Cm- c ym
ap]-n-bn \np-p.
CXn-semw FgpXn hnSm-dpff Pev]-\-pw AhmkvX-h-pw Cm-anI
Jp-B\nI hncp--B-i-bpw A-X-Ipsa- X nsc Atlw Xs
kzX-kn--amb ssien-bn
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Hcp ]pkvXIw (kp-a
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1435 dP_vd- a-fm

""lZokv \ntj[ Btcm]Ww F AP- bpw

\n- k w- h m- Z hpw'' F
A_nDkmabpsS
Hcp
teJ\w 2014 amv 21 se
i_m-_n hnp-v. BZc- W ob ]n- X F.- A _v Z p- emw kp- a nsb
lZokv \ntj- [ n- b mbn
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kemw kpan ap\n-cb
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H-aqen sImv XIm
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hym]-Ia
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Cu X{-amWv kemw kpan-s-Xn-cn Agn-p-hn-n-cnp- - X v . Ch am{X- a - ,
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Fm,

cv : aqp-Ib
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Imen-v 2 {]kn-o-Ic
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12 ^pt]-Pp-ff Hcp kpeteJ lnPvd In Hm^v
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Hm^v Cy {]kn-o-I-cn
amkm-cw`w {]am-W--fn
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CS- b m- b n. Cu ]pkv X Iw
Fgp-Xn-bn-p-ff
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1435 dP_vd- a-fm

{]kn-o-Ic
- n-s
- Xp \ymbambpw kwi-bn-p-p. GXmbmepw amk-n-dhn {]am-W-fn F kpan AS-ap- f f \mev ]n- X - m
IqSn-tv Xm-dm-n-bn-pff Ccp-\qdv t]Pp-ff B
{K-n\v Cp-hsc Hscm-bmfpw I. a. F Hc-cw
t]mepw adp-]S- n-bmbn samgnn- n- . Fm- h - c p- t Sbpw
hmb AS-p-sIm-p-ff
- X
- m-bncpp B {Kw Fw.

At\-I{- K-
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- p-m-bn. AXnse
`mjm-]c
- hpw Dkzq-en-]c
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Jp- B ,- l - Z okv hncp
Zphym-Jym-\--sfbpw
sXmb hmZ-sfbpw i
ambn t\cn-p-sImv {KIm- c \p ]nb `oam- _ - sf Nqn- mn apJw
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B {K-Im-cs\ bmsXmcp
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am\y- X - t bm- s Sbpw ]ntXm-Nn-X-ambpw sXfn-hp-IfpsS i- a mb ]n_- e tmsS {K-Im-cs apgph P]-\-fpw ZphymJm- \ - fpw A]- l m- k yfpw Ipp- h m- pIfpw
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al IrXn- I \nc- - c ambn kw`m-h\ sNbvXp-sImn-cn-p alm-]-\amWv bph- X . Fm
{]kvXpX ]pkvXIw (\yqaq
Wpw amk-n-d-hnbpw) BcpsS-sbms I\ kn\pw `oj-Wnpw hgn
th hn[w FUn- nwKv
t]mepw sNmsXbmWv

57

58

bm Ah Fp thjhpw
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1435 dP_vd- a-fm

kzoI-cn-m Bh-iy-s-ncp-p. CXp-hsc AXn\p adp]Sn t]mepw Inn- b n- n- .

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(tImb-pn ^mdq-Jn)

1435 dP_vd- a-fm

i_m_v Fgp-Xn-bXv \mw

Ip. A_p-km-Pn-X-AaZo\n Fgp- X n- b Xpw \mw
Ip. Fm-WnXv? cpw
aI- k p- - A v - h - b n \nv .
cv temJ-I-mcpw A]-c\m-a-[m-c-nI. hmb-\-m
GXp kzoI-cn--Ww. akp-A
- vh
- b
- n kzw t]scgpXn teJ\w {]kn-o-I-cnm am\y-m-cmb Bfn-mXmtbm? Fmw Uyqn-tmtbm? kemw kpan
lZokv \ntj[n Xs
Fv A_q-km-PnX ]d-bpp. A ]ca hnip-s
- \v
A_q- D - k ma ]d- b p- p.
cpw Hcp a-kn \nnd-nb km[-\- Xs.
Hcp Imcyw Cu teJ-I\v
Adn-bmw. aI-kp-A
- vh ]pdsa-sb-nepw kemw kpansb _lp-am-\n-p-h
- cpw

kv t \ln- p- - h - c p- a mWv .
Xmew At- l - ntev Ah Bh-iy-m-cpam-Wv. At-l-an-m aShq hn`mKw ^yqkv t]mb
__p-t]mse Bbn-cn-pw.
A_q Dkma F- b m
auehn A_v Z p Pm
Xr-\n BIm-\mWv km[yX. ]e XhW B t]cn
teJ- \ - hn- p- v .
Fm Ip- a - S v ]m
IpSn-p-tm Bcpw Im-Wpn- s v [cn- n- c n- p-
A_q kmPnZ A aZo\n
F hymP Bcm-sWv
F{X Nnn-npw a\-n-emIp-n-. As\ Hsc-gp-pIm- c \pw Xqen- I m- \ m- a hpw
aqp-ap-f tijw BZyw
tIp-I-bm-Wv. aI-k
CXns ]nXm-sh-n akp- - A v - h sb XIm
I sIn- b n- d - nb B
hynsb Ip-]n-Snv \nc]-cm-[nw sXfn-bn-t
_m[yX a-kp--Av-h-p- t m. tamln- Xv Inmm {]m-\s HpsIm- S p- p- - h Fpsapw Fm hn`m- K - fnepw Dm- I m- d p- s v
tIn-p-v. Cu hymP hon\-Iv Fm-hpw tase
Xpw ]pd-n-cn-ph-\mIm- \ mWv kv [ yX. lnPv d
Inn Hm^v Cy- m
a-kp--Av-h-bn \n-bp- I n- nb A_q- k m- P nX
A aZo--\n-bpsS teJ\w
Innb DSs\ AXm- c msWpw CsX-m-sWpw
tNmZnv Ip Xm-dmn
sImSp-n-cp-p. a-kp-Av-h-bpsS t]cn hymP-ambn-d
- n-bX
- m-sW-n AXmcm-sWv At\z-jnp Ip]n- S nv th \S- ] - S n- I

If-f-s\-n-Snq

sXv Fhn-sS-
- mepw Xncpp-hm NmSn-p-ds
- -Sp-h
- \m-Wv. Xs alm-]m-n-Xyn\p apn A]msmpw \nm-\mIn Fsms CS-bvnsS
Xn-hn-Sp-p-v. \Xp hcs. AX-s\ kam-[m-\n-s. Fm kemw kp-ansb-p-dn-m-I-s, A]-]mn-Xy-ap-f-f-h, apdn-sshZy, ]Whpw AwKo-Im-chpw
Inn-bm Fp thjhpw
sIm Xm-dp-ff
- h
- , JpB\pw kppw kzlm
_n amXr-I-Ifpw {]iv\-amm-h
- , Ip \ym
]d IYm-]m-{Xw, aWnIv ^ m- \ p- I - f psS kntbmWnp he-bn-e-I-s--h,
D-c-Wn-I-fn Ir{Xn-ahpw
ssII-Sep-Ifpw \S-n-bh...... A- s \- b - - s \
[mcm-fw.

59

hnai\w

Dp-ldmw \_n-bpsS D-_p Xs

idlp apkvenw

60

s\pw ]Xncpw Xncn-tXv ap ]nm-e

- mcm-Wv. Camw \hhn idlp
apkven-an AXv hy-amn. dntmam Dpldmw Bcm-sWv lZokn ]d-bm-X
- n-\m
dkq-ep-m-ln(-k)sb sXnm-cW
- m-P\
- I
- a
- mbn Ah-Xcn-n-p-Xv Kpcp-X-c-am-Wv.
\_n(-k) Ahsc kinp-Ibpw `Ww Ign-pIbpw Ah-cpsS aSn-bn
Xe-shp InS-p-Ibpw
Ah-cpsS hon An-bpd-p-Ibpw Ah Xe-apSn
NoIn-sm-Sp-p-I-bpsams sNbvXn-p-sn Ah \_n-bpsS D_p Xs-bm-bn-cn-p-atm. ]ns AXn kwibn-p-Xv Hcp Xcw am\kn-It- cmKw Xs-bm-Wv.
_pJm-cn-bn \pW-If
- psp m]n-m-\p
hy{K-Xb
- n bmYmysf Xa-o-Ic
- n-p-Xv
\oXn-b-.
\nse Hcphs\tmse {]hm-NI
- s\
ImW-cp-Xt- m. {]hm-NIs hnip-nbpw alXzhpw Adn-bp Bcpw
AXn-sempw bmsXmcp
kwi-bhpw ]pep-Ib
- n-

"Cu

lZokv \n-sfSp-ptam' F A_vZp-dln-am Ccn-th-n-bpsS

teJ-\
- n (A^-\m
ew 21) _pJmcn
dntmv sNbvX Dp-ldmw-an-s\-p-dn-p lZokv
dntmv sNbvXn-cp-p.
Ah \_n(-k)-bp-am-bp
_-sav Fv tNmZn-p
Ipsd _lfw sh-Xmbn
ImWp-p. Camw \hhn
apkven-ans hymJym-\n hfsc hy-ambn
""Dp-ldmw \_n(-k)-bpsS
hnhmlw \njn-a
- mb D_-p-hm-sW Imcyn apkvenw ]n-Xmn-Sb
- n GIm-`n{]mbw Xs-bm-Wp-sXv'' (C-n-^m-Jp Deam-CA
- em Alm an
alvdan dkq-en-m-lv)
hy-am-n-bn-p-v.
lZokv dntm-dmb
A\kv _v\p amen-tIm(-d)
lZokv D-cn _pJmcntbm Dp-ldmw \_nbpsS BcmWv Fp ]dbm-X
- n A{X henb
tIm-m-s\m-p-an-.
Ahp e`n Ip-a ]c-cb
- n-eq-sS-bp Cu
lZokv dntmv sNbvXp.
AXnse Bi-b
- f
- psS

Ipn-ap-l
- Z
- v, ae-pdw
. apKm-an-If
- mcpw
]pen-bn-p-an-. ape-IpSn
_-nse ktlm-Zc
- nbmtWm A ap h-hc
- pamtWm F kwi-bta
apKm-an-I Ah-cpsS
N-bn D-bn-n-p-q.
anlm-ans aI-fmb Dpldmw C_m-Z
- p_v\p
kzman-ns `mcy-bmsWpw hy-am-n-bncns {]tXy-In-pw. _pJmcntbm lZokv dntmtdm
Dp-ldmw Bscp ]d-bm-Xn-\m {]hm-NI
- \
- n-bm-Ws
- Xv H-bS- np ]dbm ]mSn-. _pJm-cn-bpsS
hni-Zo-I-cW {K--fnepw
a-t\Iw hymJym\ {K-fnepw apkven-ans idlnepw Ah \_n-bpsS
D-_-p-hm-sWpw
hnhmlw \njn-a
- mb (alvdw)-hc
- m-sWpw DXn ]n-X
- m GI-kzc-ap-s-p {]kvXmhw
ad-p-sh-t--Xn-. AXp
hnizm-k-n-se-Sp-p-IbmWv lrZbw ip-san \mw th-Xv.
AmsX \_nsb kwi-bnp-I-b-.
Ip-a ip-amb lZokp-I Xe-ap-dp ssIamdm temIw I-Xn
1435 dP_vd- a-fm

AXp-h
- n-. AXp kzm`mhn-Ia
- mWp Xm\pw. {]hm-NI-Xz-ns hnip-n-bm
(a-Avk
- zqw) kpc-n-X\
- mb
\_n(-k)-sb-p-dnv hnh-cn-s-Sp-X
- ns\ ip-lr-Zb-tmsS ImWp-hm\pw
h-I
- mp Iqp
\nm-hp hn[w hfsm-Snp Nnnv Ipc-pIv tImWn-shp
sImSp-p-Ib
- p-a kZp-t-iyap-h
- sNt-Xv. al\ob tkh-\
- sNbvX
alm-m-sc-p-dnv \apv

sht-hpw XymKw kln-Xn Hm-a\

- mb _pJmcnsb {]hm-NI
- \
- n-I
-
Fp hcp-p-am-dp
ISp {]tbm-K
- A]e-]\
- obw Xs. alm-\mb
_pJmcn a\p-jy-s\
\nev A]q-ambn sXpI hn-cn-mw. A]qw
Nne lZo-kp-If
- n ImWp-Xp-t]m-se. lZo-kp-I
tiJ-cn-t- m Dp-ldmw
Bcm-sWv IrXy-ambn
e`n-n-m-bn-cn-pw. AXn\m lZo-kns ]Z-f
- n

\ [mc-WI
- f
- p-m-Is
- .
Hmdn-b-en-p-Ifpw kntbmWn-p-If
- p-amb lZokp
\ntj-[n-I Cf-n-hn-Sp
kwi-bt- cmKw \psS lrZb-sf Hcn-epw _m[nmsX kqn-p-I. {]hmN-Is hyn-Xzs
XIp ]cm-ai-
\psS Dul-f
- n
m\w sImSp-m-Xn-cn-pI. "Dul- A[n-Ihpw
]m]-am-sW' JpB\ns D]-tZiw \mw adm-Xn-cn-p-I.

[oc-Xbpw Ionbpw
""Camw AlvaZv _v\p l(-d), Jp-B krjvSn-bm-sW Jeo^m apA-vXkznw
_nm-bpsS hmZ-KXn AwKo-I-cn-m--Xn-\m Pbn-en-e-S--sv `oI-c-a\w Gphm-n. P\-an-fI
- n. Jeo^ `b-p. At-ls tamNn-n-m \n_-n-X\
- m-bn. Atl-ns [ocX Ncn-{X-n At-ls Ion-am-\m-n. ap ]n-X
- m-sc-tmse
`c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-bpsS apn `ocp-hmbn \nncp-p-sh-n Ncn-{X-n A-s\-sbmcp
IYm-]m{Xw Hcn-epw Dm-Ip-am-bn-cp-n-.''
(C-_v\p-ss-anb A-ao-an)

\nco-iz-cs {]m\
""bYm {]m\ Hmtcm-cp-c
- p-sSbpw Dn \S-t-X
- m-Wv. Fmepw
AXn\p aX-]c
- a
- mb Hcp NS-ns kz`mhw ssIh-n-cn-p-p. \nco-iz-ch
- m-Zn-I
t]mepw {]mn-p-t]m-Im-dp-v. Cuiz-ct- \m-Ss
- -nepw. As\bp-h
- cpw s]mXpN-S
- p-I XpS-p-tm au\m-Nc
- W
- s
- a-nepw \S-p-p.''
({io-\m-cm-bWKpcp "ssZh-Z-iIw')

aS-b\pw _pn-im-enbpw
""hnem]w aS-b
- m-scbpw Itam-p-JX _pn-im-en-Is
- fbpw krjvSn-p-p.''
(Un-kv\n)

1435 dP_vd- a-fm

61

KpW-Imw

hnNn-\w hmcn-Ib
- nse
hnpw sImSp-hm-fpw

62

Ipepn Ipn-a-dn-p.
Cu Ah-kcw ]c-am-h[n
apX-em-m aS-hq hn`m-Knse bph- ] - n- X - \ nc
HmsI Pnm-Zi-n-sXn-cn _Z bpw {]Jym]n-p. n]vkv, Inw-Kp-I,
hmZ- { ]- X n- h m- Z w, Imf- ] qv
{]kw-Kt- h-Zn-I, Bbp-[
- fm-n. bpm-\-cw k
Pnp-Ifpw Ifw-hn-p. kwLS\ ]nfpw hoWp.
Atm hopw ]g-bX
- n-t\m henb iq\y-Xb
- m-bn.
Bsfm-gn N-ssa-Xm\w
t]mse. Atm-gmWv Ncn{Xw
krjvSn-p-sIm-p FS-cntmSv kt- f \w Ac- s-n-b-Xv. sshIn-bp-Zn
hnth-I-tmsS B ktf\w Kw`o- c - a m- n- s m- S pm X-fpsS _mn-h
A\p-bm-bn-Iv au\m-\phmZw \In-bn-cp-p. Amlp-hns al-mb A\p-{Kl- m 8mw apPm- l nZv
kwm\ FS-cn-tmSv
kt-f\w ]q-Ime o
W-samw Xov, Id-I-f, A-S
- ]
- q, kwkv
Im- c - k - - , alm- k w- ` - h ambn amdn. apPm-lnZv {]m
\ {]`m-hI
- mew Hmn-n-p.
A-S-w, emfn-Xyw, Kmw`ocyw, hnj- b - s sh- h n- [ yw,
sk-\p-If
- psS imkv{Xob

dnb amXncn ]pXp-ap-Pm-ln-ZpI- f mbn Ib- d n- q- S n- b - h

kmm apkv e n- b m-
Xs- b m- b n- c p- p- s hp
t_m[y-ampw hn[w Pnp
hnj- b - n sImp- I

kt-f\w hnP-bn-nm Fm hn`mKw

apPm-ln-Zp-Ifpw kl-Icnp IeymWw awK-fa
- mnb nXnv ]gns henw IqSntmbn Fp ]d-tb-Xn-m-bn-cp-p hnNn-\w
hmcn-I
- v. 2014 amv
21se apt]-Pn "FS-cntmSv kt-f\w 8mw
apPm-lnZv kt-f\w
FXv tImS-Xn-beyw' Fp Fgp-Xn-hntS--Xn-m-bn-cp-p.
tImSXn ]ncn-n-mWv
hnNn-\
-
- n\p \ymbw
tXmn-bX
- v. kt-f\
- n\p apv 2013 Unkw_-dntem P\p-hc
- n-bntem
]d-n-cp-p-sh-n
Ie-p-am-bn-cp-n-t.

Pn: \thm-m-\
- ns
Zo]- i nJ Gs- S p- m
kaqlw sFIy- t msS
aptmp hc-W-sav Pn
Ckvemlo sk knwt]mkn-b
- n \nv Hm^v {Sqv
{]t_m-[-I\pw sF.-F-kv.Fw. kwm\ sshkv
{]kn- U - p- a mb ico^v
tate-Xn ]d-p. Ign
hjw hnip a- b n- e ncpv
_lp- a m- \ y- \ mb
lpssk aS-hq apPm-lnZv
sFIy- s - p- d nv iambn Bh-iy-s-p. ]s,
apPm-lnZv sFIyw Dm-p-Xn-\p-]-Icw Hcn-IqSn
]ncn-p-hn-Sepw AUvtlmv
cq]o- I - c n- epw
Xpw
]nSnbpw ]n-Ifpw m]\-fpw Hml-cn- sh--epamWv Ac- t - d n- b - X v . Hcp
hn`m-K-s-qSn ASn-n-dnb Ah ]mdn-d
-
- p-t]mb-tm Gsd ktm-jn-h aS-hq hn`m-K-am-bn-cp-psh- - X mWv Ac- a \ clkyw. Imc-Ww, aS-hq hn`mKs 2002 ]pd-m-n-btm kwL-S-\-bn hmsmcp iq\yX A\p-`h
- s
- p. AXv \nI-m kakvX
apkven-bm-
- mpw Xo{h
ke- ^ n- I pw hmXn
aes Xpd-p-sIm-Sp-p.
]nm-W
- S- b
- n aqcn Ib-

\mJnZv AlvZmkv

1435 dP_vd- a-fm

""lpssk
aS- h q
hn`mKw tIm--ense FScn-tmSv \S-nb kwm
\ kt-f\
- s
- -p-dnv 8mw
apPm-lnZv kwm\ ktf\w Fv ]ckyw sNbvX
Xv hy-amb tImS-Xn-b-ey-am-Wv.'' (hn-Nn-\w 21/
3/14)
"aS- h q- c n- I '
F
ncw {]tbmKw amn
lpssk aS-hq hn`mKw
F am\y- ] - Z - n- t ev
hnNn-\w amdn hp F
Xv kzmK-XmlamWv. ]s
s\mp-s] aI acn-n-mbmepw acp-a-I-fpsS Iocv
Im aXn F Am-bnA- - b psS at\m- ` m- h hpw
IqSn amdn-n-n-bm sFIyn\p sNdn-sbmcp hmXm-b\- s a- nepw Xpd- p- I n- pw.
\thm-m\ kaql sFIys-p-dnv kp-ca
- mbn Hcp
t]Pn hnp- ] m- I n- b nv
AXns apt]-Pn sF
Iyw ]q-am-bn--Ip
sImSp-hmfpw IqSn Db
n-n-Sn-p--Xnse kwkv
Imcw Hcn-epw \thm-m\
{]m-\-n-t-X Fv
khn-\bw Hmn-n--s.
Acw Xcw- X mW ]Wn
apA-van-\p-Iv Hpw `qjW-a-tm!

Zm\-XymKw
Zm\- s a- Xv XymK- a m- W v .
Ft-sXpw FtXp am{Xsa-p-ap CSp-nb ZpjvNn- I - f psS XymKw. Pohn- X ns GsX-nepw Awi-fn AXn-msX \ap-ss\
a\p- j y- c m- I m
km[npw?

-\-n\p \ymbw tXmnb-Xv. kt-f-\-n\p apv

2013 Unkw-_-dntem P\p-hcn-bntem ]d-n-cp-p-shn Ie-p-am-bn-cp-n-t.
hj-f-cw ]d-bp--Xn-\mbmepw Hc- h - k - c hpw Hcp
am\y-Xbpw tht!

1435 dP_vd- a-fm

"aS-hq-cn-I' F
ncw {]tbmKw amn
lpssk aS-hq
hn`mKw F am\y-]Z- n-tev hnNn-\w
amdn hp FXv kzmKXmlamWv. ]s
s\mp-s] aI acn-nm-bmepw acp-aI
- f
- psS
Iocv Im aXn
F Am-bn-A
- b
- psS
at\m-`m-hhpw IqSn amdnn-n-bm sFIy-n\p
sNdn-sbmcp hmXm-b\
- s
- anepw Xpd-p-In-pw.
\thm-m\ kaql
sFIy-s-p-dnv kpc-ambn Hcp t]Pn
hnp-]m-In-bnv
AXns apt]-Pn
sFIyw ]q-am-bn-Ip sImSp-hmfpw
IqSn Dbn-n-Sn-p-Xnse kwkvImcw Hcnepw \thm-m\
{]m-\-n-t-X
Fv khn-\bw Hmnn--s.

ka-\zbw, kv{Xo kmn-yk-w Ip-a`-W

- h
- n-XcWw Fm- s amw hfsc
{]uVw. t`jv atf t`jv
Fm- b n. Hscm \yq\X
am{Xw sXfn- p- \ np
Fs-m,
BIm-i-n\p Nph-n
`qan- p- ] - c n- b n GsXsm hnj-b
- fpw aqmep-Zn-hk
-
- f
- n 43 sk-\pI- f n- e mbn N sNbv X p.
kp{]-he
- n-a
- p t\mokpw
thn-h
- p. Fm temI
apkv e nw- I - f n A- h mb Kuc-ht- a-dnb BtKmf-N-bmb tIc-f-n
hfsc khn- t i- j - a mbn
N{-amk \n-b-hp-am-bpXv I, am, Acw t]m
epw Np hcp-n-bn-.
Hu Fsmcp _pn! F
smcp "ss[cyw'! Nqw!
t\Xm- sf _lpv
tPmdmbn sItm, an-cp-tX.
]Sn-m-dp-Zn-m-dp N{
Ing-tm-m-bn-tm-Ipw. N
sN-cp-tX, Hcn-e
- pw. "Aen
aWn- I v ^ m\n'Isf- p- d nv
Ip-ambn ]d-bm-\m-bmepw
Ah-kcw sImSp-c
- ptX!
GXm- b mepw Imcy- ntep IS-mw. kt-f\w
hnP- b n- n- m
Fm
hn`mKw apPm-ln-Zp-Ifpw klI-cnp IeymWw awK-f-amnb nXnv ]g-ns
henw IqSn-tmbn Fp
]d-tb-X
- n-m-bn-cp-p hnNn\w hmcn-I
- v. 2014 amv
21se apt]- P n "FS- c ntmSv kt- f \w 8mw
apPm-lnZv kt-f\w FXv
tImS- X n- b - e yw' Fp
Fgp-Xn-hn-tS-X
- n-m-bn-cp-p.
tImSXn ]ncn-n-mWv hnNn-

(tSmtm-bn)
63

BcmWo aokm-Kpemw 2

{]m\w

JmZn-bm-\n-bpsS s]cpw-I--
A_vZp amen-Iv, Xncp-hn-ezm-ae

64

Dm-bn-p-q. sXfn-bn-m\m- I msX

e- I m- e t_m[w Xs \jvS-s
JmZn-bm\n kmln_v ]ns
]d- p- I q- nb
\pWIpw Zphym- J ym- \ pw
im]- h m- pIpw IW- n- m- b n- c pp. Amlp kwi-b-c-lnX-at\y t\cs {]Jym]n kqd: A-Ba
- nse 93mw hN\w ImWpI:
""Am- l p- h ns t]cn
Iw sIn- - a - b v p- I tbm, X\nv bmsXmcp
Znhy-t_m-[-\hpw \Is-SmsX "F\nv t_m
[\w e`n- n- c n- pp'
shp ]d-bp-Itbm sNbv
X-h-t\-m-fpw, Amlp
Ah-X-cn-n--Xp-t]m-se-bpXv Rm\pw Ah-X-cn-nm- s av ]d- - h - s \mfpw henb A{Ian
Bcp-v. B A{I-an-I
ac-W-sh-{]m-f-n-em-bn-cn-

p cwKw \o In-cpp-sh-n! \n \nfpsS Bm-sf ]pd-nd-p-hn Fp ]d-psImv ae-p-I AhcpsS t\sc X- f psS
ssII \on-sm-n-cnpw. \n Am- l phns t]cn kXy-a-mXv ]d-p-sIm-n-cp-Xn-sbpw Ahs ZrjvSm-sf Al-c
- nv Xn- f - n- c p- - X n- s bpw
^e-ambn Cv \nv
lo\-amb in \Ip-XmWv Fv ae- p- I
]d-bpw.'' (hn.Jp: 6: 93)
{]t_m- [ - \ - n- \ mbn
\s-tSn hcp JmZn-bm\n-It- fmSv \n-fpsS {]hmN-I AlvaZ- ns Ad-_nbnepw Cwo-jnepw Ddp-Zphnepw apw Dsp ]dbp hlvbns kam-lmcw
Hp ImWn-p-Xcq Fp
]d-m AXv R-fpsS

{]hm-N-IXzw
Inn-sbhIm-i-sv
At\Iw Jp-B ZphymJym- \ - fpw Ckv e m- a nI
{]am-W
- f
- n An-ad
- nbpw
\S- nb aokm- K pemw
AlvaZpw Xs A\p-N-cmcpw Gp-]m-Snb Ghpw
henb \pW At-l
- n\p
Am-lp-hn- \nv Znhyt_m-[\
- a
- mbn hlvbv hp
F-Xm-Wv. AXv sXfn-bn-Ws
- av apkvenw temIw
Imcy-ambn Bh-iy-s-n-.
ImcWw, \p_p- v F
s-t-p-ambn Ah-km-\nn-t- XmsS amemJ aptJ\
\I-s-Sp hlvbv Ahkm- \ n- p- s hv temI- a pkvenw-I Dd-mbpw a\-nem-n-bn-cn-p-p. JmZn-bm\n-bp-ambn Xhpw hmZ-{]Xn-hm-Z-fpw \S--tm
Nne hyn- I hlv b v
sXfn-bn-m Bh-iy-s
H-s kw`-h
- am{Xsa

X\nv

{]t_m-[\
-
- n-\mbn \s-tSn hcp JmZn-bm-\n-It- fmSv \n-fpsS
{]hm-NI
- AlvaZ
- ns Ad-_n-bnepw Cwo-jnepw Ddp-Zp-hnepw apw
Dsp ]d-bp hlvbns kam-lmcw Hp ImWn-p-Xcq Fp
]d-m AXv R-fpsS In-ep-v, AhnsS tI{-n-en-cn-p-v,
ImWnp Xcmw Fpw ]dv FSp-m t]mbnv Xncn-p-hc
- m-dn-.
"XZvInd' F {K-ap-s-nepw A\p-bm-bn-I t]mepw ImWm-dn-.
lnp-v KoX-bp-v. PqXv Xudm-p-v, {InkvXym-\n-Iv
ss__n-fp-v. apkvenw-Iv Jp-B-\pap-v. AXp-t]mse Ft
JmZn-bm-\n-If
- psS AlvaZo hlvbns kam-lm-c{- K-a
- n-m-X
- v.

1435 dP_vd- a-fm

1435 dP_vd- a-fm

N- I s \ho- \ - a - X s
Dt]-n-p-I-bm-Wp-m-bXv . Amlp Xnc- s - S pp- s h- - h - I m- i - s - S p
\_nv sImSp- - b
hlv b v Abmp- X s
a\- n- e m- I p- n- s - n
temIv AXmp a\-nem-Ipw. Hcp lnp _me
t\mSpw aok AXns
Aw tNmZn-npw InmXn-cp--tm-gmWv Amkv
Aen--b--Xv. Nne "Ahlvbp'Ifpw aokp a\n-em-bn-n--s{X.

sIn--a-bvp
I-

amn-a-dn-p. ImcWw AXp

kmm ssZhnI ktihpw Znhy- t _m- [ - \ hpw
Xs-bm-bn-cp-p.
JmZn- b m\n kmln_v
hp t]mbnv \qmv HpI- g n- p. temI- n\p
]pXp-Xmbn Fp {]tXyI
shfn-a
- m-Wv, BZi-am-Wv,
XXz-im-kv{X-am-Wv, `c-WL
- S-\-bm-Wv, kwkvIm-c-amWv
Alva-Zn-v \In-bn-pXv? hnip Jp-B\
- nse
Bb- p- I - f n IS- b v
tem \Sp-hntem Atm
AtX- t ]m- e p at- s Xnepw ]Z- tfm hmN- I tfm Gp-Iqn JmZn-bm\n-bpsS hlvbmbn Ah-Xcn-np Xn-p-I \S-nbn-p-v. apkvenw ]n-Xm AX-t- m ]nSn-IqSn
JmZn- b m- \ n- I sf tNmZyw
sNbvXn-p-ap-v. bmsXmcp
Znhy-t_m-[-\hpw e`n-msX, Rm \_n- b m- W v ,
F\nv Znhy- t _m- [ - \ - a ps--h-Im-i-sv apsskena F-bmsf \_n(-k)
t\cn Ncn{Xw Adn-bp
apkvenw-Iv JmZn-bm-\n-IfpsS P]- \ - - f n bm
sXmcp ]pXp-abpw tXmpn-. Cwojv Adn-bm
JmZn- b m\n kmln- _ n\v
Cwo-jn h hlvbp-IfpsS Aw t]mepw AdnbmsX AXn ]nb sXpI Xncp-m Bh-iy-sp- s Imv ao Amkv
Aenjm F Xs A\pbm- b nv aokm- K pemw
I- b - p. Ip- h m- b n
Am-ken Cu hymP-{]-hm-

In-ep-v, AhnsS tI{n- e n- c n- p- v , ImWnp

Xcmw Fpw ]dv FSpm t]mbnv Xncn-p-hc
- mdn-. "XZvInd' F {Kap- s - nepw A\p- b m- b nI t]mepw ImWm-dn-.
lnp- v KoX- b p- v .
PqXv Xudm- p- v ,
{InkvXym-\n-Iv
ss__n- f p- v . apkv e nwIv Jp- B - \ pap- v .
AXp-t]mse Ft JmZnbm- \ n- I - f psS Alv a Zo
hlvbns kam-lm-c-{K-an-m--Xv.
At- l hpw
kzw
A\p- b m- b n- I fpw Hcp- ] mSv
Fgp- X n- qn AsXmw
hlvbm-sWv KohmWw
hn-Xp-sImv Am-lp-hn \np hlv b mIptam? temI-n\p e`yamb thZ- { K- - - s fmw
AXmXp Imes P\-sfbpw Xe- a p- d - I - s fbpw
i- a mbn kzm[o- \ n- pIbpw bpKm-c
-
- f
- n-tev
AXns shfn-hpw amZi- \ - fpw Xcw- K - a mbn
Nen-p-Ibpw sNbvXn-p-v.
etm- ] - e w A,
tImSn- - W - n P\sf ]cn- h n- n- pIbpw B {K- sf
tI{o- I - c nv At\- I - a t\Iw CuSp cN-\-Ifpw
Nn-I-m-scbpw ]n-Xm- s cbpw Bcm- [ - I - h r- sbpw alm- m- s c- b psams P\n- n- p- I bpw
hfp-Ibpw sNbvXn-pv. hnip Jp-B\
- m-Is
temI-ns KXn Xs

Amlp
]d- pshpw ]dv ]-- Atlw kpe-`a
- mbn
Ah-X-cn-n-n-p-v. Dd-n
Am- l p- h ns\
kin-p. {]h-N\
-
- f
- psS
tcJ- I - f n
Amlp
Nph ajn-sImv Hn-psIm-Sp-p. t]\-ap-\-bn-epmb A[n-I- ajn Am
lp IpS- p. B ajn
Xs `rXy A_v Z p
k\q-cn-bpsS tImnepw s
- Xmn- b nepw hp- ] - X n- p.
lJo-J
- p hlvbv F
JmZn-bm-\n-bpsS ]pkvX-In Ccw ]e P]\-fpw ImWmw. ""kao-atb
APmta BYw'' F
IrXn-bn Cukm-\_
- n(-A)bpsS ap-n-am thiy-Ifm-sWp hlvbv h-Xmbn
tcJ-s-Sp-p-p. Am-cys-p-dnv Nnnp Xm
Xfp-t]m-bn, bmsXmcp
adp-]-Snbpw Is-m-\mbn Fpw aok P]n65

N- \ - h pw. AXn- \ p- t ijw

aok- b psS "B{- i qe'
tcmKw (\nm hb-dnf- hpw c- { km- h - h pw)
aq\yw
{]m]n- p.
auem\m k\m-Dm Pohn-ncns Xs Iq- k n
hoWp acWw ]qIn-bmWv
aok-bpsS Ay-ap-m-bXv. As\ Amlp hymPhm-Znsb temI-p-\nv 1908
sabv 26\v Xncnp hnfn-p.
hnip Jp- B - \ n- s \bpw
{]hm- N - I - h - N - \ - - s fbpw
apl-Zv \_n(-k)-sbbpw
C{X-am{Xw NqjWw sNbvXv
Ah-bpsS ad-hn {]hm-NIXzw Na aokpw
JmZn- b m- \ n- I pw Cu
temIv Ghpw IqSp-X
tZjyhpw
i{Xp- X bpw
apkvenw-It- fm-Sm-Wv. PqX-mtc-m ITn-\
- m-cm-bn-mWv
apkvenw-Isf Ah ImWp-Xv.
(Xp-S-cpw)

tcmK-f
- p-m-bn-cp-p-shv
Atlw Xs ]d-n-cpp. Ghpw Kpcp- X cw
andmJv hnjm-Z-tcmKw
lno-cn-b, Nn-{`aw (am-enJq-en-b), b-tcmKw apXem-b-h-bm-bn-cp-p. aokbpsS ac- W - n\p Hcp
hjw apv JmZn-bm-\n-kns IWvT-tIm-Sm-enbpw
A-I\pw alm-]-n-X-hcy- \ p- a mb auem\m Y\mDm Aar-Xvk-cn-s-Xnsc
Hcp im] {]m- \ bpw
{]h-N\
- hpw \S-p-Ib
- p-mbn. Xs im]w kzoI-cn-s-n-cn-p-p-shv At-ln\p shfn-]mSpw Dm-bs{X. {]h-N\w Xs \_nXz-hm-Z-ns ZrjvSm--ambn- c n- p- s av aok ]ckyhpw sNbvXp. ""\-fn-cph-cn (aokbpw auem\-bpw) kXy-hm Pohn-ncns hymP-hmZn Zmcp-Wambn acWw hcn-pw.'' CXmbn-cpp B im]hpw {]h-

p-p. Hcp hyn hv

Fs ]mZ-f
- n Npw_-\an- p. Atm Rm
]dp: Rm Xs- b mIpp lP- d p Akv h Zv
(A_Cu 4, t]. 15). Hcp
shfn- ] m- S n Amlp
XtmSv
]d- - X mbn
aokm ]d-bpp: ""ssZhw
Xs knwlm-k-\-n-en-cpp- s Imv \ns ]pIgvp-p. \ns ASp-t-h \S-p-h-cp-p.'' (A
_pjvdm, hmfyw 1, t].56).
Fn-bm-sem-Sp-m
C-cw \pW-I At-ln- t - X mbn \nd- p- I hnv Hgp-Ipp Ah-cpsS
{K--fn.
Am-lp-hns t]cn
hymPw ]d- b p- - h Clnepw ]c-nepw \ny-mcm-bn-cn-p-sa Am-lphns {]Jym-]\w aokbn A-s\-s km
- I - a m- b - X mbn ImWmw.
At-l-n\v H-c-U-k

Ah ]d-bp-Xv
Im]-Sy-nse kXyw: \So-\S-
- m am{X-amWv kXy-k
- X
- b
- p Im]-Sy-m.
Ah-cpsS hnNm-c
- t]mepw Ah ISw hmn-bX
- m-bn-cn-pw.

(lm-kven-v)

ssIbv]p kXyw: ""{]IrXn hn`-h- NqjWw sNbvXv hInS I-\n-I

sImgp-t- m Irjn sNbvXp Pohn-n-cp BZn-hm-kn-Iv `qan \jvSs
- -p. kwm\-ns sXpw hS-p-ap h\-ta-J-e-bnse Irjn-`qan J\\w \S-p _lpcmjv{S I-\n-I-fpsS ssIbn-em-bn. Irjn Xfp. Cy-bpsS s\d an-S--fn
\nv Acn sImp-ht- c-n-h
- p.''
(hn.Sn ktmjv Ipam)

ASn-s]mfn _nkn-\kv: kwm-\v aZy-hn]-\b

- n-eq-sS-bp hcp-am\w HXn-\m-bncw tImSn (90 aney)cq-]b
- mbn sdtmUn-p. CXp-hgn JP-\m-hn-tev e`np hcp-am-\
- n h-\b
- p-m-sbv FIvsskkv hIp-p-a{n ]dp. Cu kmnI hjw Ign-bp-tm AXv 9250 tImSn Ihn-bp-sapw Atlw ]d-p. Ign
km-nI hjw 8818 tImSn cq]-bm-bn-cpp hchv!
(Sn.-hn.-sI.-sI.)
66

1435 dP_vd- a-fm

Bi

kv{Xo]Yw

Sn.-Sn.-ap-l
- Zv Ipn, I-aw-Kew

1435 dP_vd- a-fm

apgp-h kv{XoIpw
Hmw `mcy-bm-hm Ahkcw e`n-msX hcp-tm
Icp-Wm-\n-[n-bmb
{kjvSmhv Ahv \memw
`mcy hsc Bhm-\p-ff AhImiw \In-bn-cn-p-p.
Fm kzmn- I - f mb
]pcp-j
- m Hcp kv{XobpsS
am{Xw _m[yX Gpp. _mn- b p- f - f - h sc
NqjWw sNm Xm]
cy-sa-Sp-p-Ibpw sNp-p.
I\ym- k v { Xo, tZh- Z mkn
k{- Z m- b - CXns
`mK-am-Wv. Nqj-I-mv
A\p-Iq-e-amb \nb-a-
\nn--s-Sp-p. Nqjn-XIv am\y-amb m\w
\Im\pw {ian- p- p.
AXn- \ m Zp\- S - p- I m
\mn s]cpIn hcp- p.
Ahv th kuI-cysam- c pn sImSp- pI
hInS hyh- k m- b - a mbn
hfp sImn-cn-p-p.
cmw hnhm-l- ChcpsS Xmev ] - c y- v
FXn-cm-Wv. AXn-\m Ah cmw hnhmlw \ne-hnep-ff `mcy-am-cpsS Ah-Imi- n- e p- f f It- - a mbn
Nn{Xo-I-cn-p-p. AXn-s\Xnsc Ah-sc-smv {]NcWw \S-n-p-p. kw`-h-

Amw
hmjn-I
- X
- n-n kv{XoIfpsS Ah-Im-i
- fpw hnhml-{]m-bhpw F teJ-\n Cs\ ImWp-p.
""hf-sc-b-[nIw \nb--Wv hnt[-ba
- mbn Ii- a mb \nb- a - - f neqsS
A\p-h-Zn--s HmWv
_lp-`m-cym-Xzw. Fm
apow- I - f n s] Nne
\nb- a - e w- L \w \Sn
tXmn-bX
- p-t]mse s]p
sIp-p-v. Nne-cpsS Cs\-bp-ff cmw-sIv Cmans\ hnain-p-hm-\p-ff
Ah-kcw \I-em-Wv.''
Cu hmN- I - - f nse
A]-I-S-fpw hnh-c-t-SpIfpw Npcpn hnh-cn-pI
{ia-Ic
- a
- m-Wv. Hcp kv{Xosb
kw_-n-n-S-tmfw
IpSpw-_P
- o-hnXw \bn-m-\pff Ah-Imiw \nb-{n-s- S p- p- s h- n asm
Ah-Im-i
- fpw A{]-k
- am-Wv-. Hmtcm Pohn-I-fnepw
kv{Xo]p-cpj A\p-]mXw
{]Ir-Xn-bmWv \n-bn-n-pf- f - X v . a\p- j yn- S - b n
Fm-epw Fhn-tSbpw
kv{XoI Aev]w IqSp-Xem-bn-cn-pw. a\p-jy-cpsS
CS-s]-S-ep-m-bm
Ah amdmw.

A^-\m

_lp-`m-cymXzw
\oXn-s-Xntcm?
tem-Is bmYm-y-f
- dn-bmsX \njvIf
- cmb aXt\-Xm-fpw Fgp-p-Imcpw
BSns\ ]n- b m- p- - h cpsS ]cn-lm-k
- n IpSpp- p. Ahv thn
Cm- a nI \nb- a - sf
Zphym- J ym\w sNbv X v
amp-km-n-Ifmbn
\np-p.
`mcy-amn-Sb
- n \oXn
]men-m Ign-bmh
Hcp hnhmlw Ign-m aXn
F D]-tZiw Ign-m
Fv I-ia
- mb \nb-{W- a mWv Jp- B - \ ntem
kp-ntem DffXv? aqv
iX- a m- \ - t mfw kv { Xo
Iv kl-`m-cy-bp-m-hp-tXmsS Xocp {]iv\ta
Cm- c y- n- e p- f fq Fncns \oXnsb C{X henb
Imcy-ambn Ah-X-cn-n-pXv AXncp Ihn-et?
Cu Bi Hgn- h m- m
AtX
Aym- b - n
Xs \oXnsb Jp-B
\nh-Nn-p-Xv ImWp-I.
""\n F{X Xs
B{K- l n- mepw kv { XoI
n-S-bn \oXn ]pe
m- \ m- h n- . Hcp- h sf
_n-X-sb-tmse
Bpw-hn[w a-hf
- n-tev
Nmbm-Xn-cn-p-I. \mbn
67

Xm- p- p. {kjv S m- h ns
\nb- a - n- t ev Xncnp
t]mIm Ime- t mfw
kv{Xo[-\w, kv{Xo]o-U-\w,
hnhm-lt- am-N\w Fn-hs
- Xn- s c- b p- f f k- { ]- N - c Whpw {]b-Xv\hpw ]mgvthe-bm-bn-cn-pw. AXn-\m
IpX-{-m-cpsS Ip{]-Nc
- W
- v apn A]-IjXm-t_m-[-tmsS
\npXn\v
]Icw
ktlm- Z - c - k - a p- Z m- b - nse
Xpey- Z px- J n- X v IqSn
kXyw a\-n-em-m {ianp-Ib
- mWv \mw th-Xv.

A]- a m- \ n- X - I - f m- h p- I tbm
B- l Xy sNp- I tbm
sNp-p.
Cu Ah `b-mWv
tahn- e m- k - a n- m- - h - s csmpw A\y-`m-j-m-c\mb adp- \ m- p- I m- c - s \smpw
]ecpw
s]asf a\-anm a\tmsS sInp hnSp--Xv.
kzw av Cu KXn
hcm-Xn-cn-m-\mWv ]mnSw
hnpw hcs\ tee- n
]nSn-p--Xv. AXn\pw Ignbm ZoL-Zr-jvSn-bp-ff
- h
-
K`-n shtm P\n
tijtam Ipns\ Cm-

s]cp-am-dp-Ibpw kqvaX
]men-p-Ibpw sNp-psh-n Amlp s]mdpp--h\pw Icp-Wm-\n-[nbp-am-bn-cn-pw.''
(am-CZ 129)
bmYmyw CXm- b ncns Nne- c psS Aev ] cw ImcWw A\- h [n
kv { XoI Ahn- h m- l n- X Ifpw hn[-h-Ifpw hnhm-ltam- N n- X - I - f p- a mbn Hcp
Ipn\v t]mepw Pw
\ev I m- \ m- h msX H- s p
Ign- b p- p. kz- t mSpw
kaq-lt- mSpw a-Snv Ignbm-\m-hmsX Nne-sc-nepw

aA-vZ-\n-bpsSsbmcp "hn[n'!
""H-m-en sRmn \S-p, Ip-I-fn Iqcn-cpp ]S, amc-I-tcm-K--fm
\c-Ib
- m-X\ A\p-`h
- n-p Hcp a\p-jy cmPy-tmSv bpw sNm-\n-d
- n-bn-cn-p-Ibm-Wv. hntZi cmPy-f
- n \nv Cy-bn-tev Bbp-[
- ISn ChnsS kwlm-cXm-h
- a
- m-Sp-Ib
- m-Wv. C-s\-sbms Hcp km \oXn-]o-T
- n\p apmsI t_m[nn-p-tm, aA-vZ\n Fm-sW-d
- n-bp tIc-f
- nse P\- ImWn-p \nw-KX-bmWv a\x-mn \jvSs
- -Sm-h
- sc Jn-cm-p-X
- v. aA-vZ\n Pbn-en Xs Xfn-Ss
- -Ss Fm-{K-ln-p-pv kwm-\s cmjv{Sob hyh-.''
""Av Kzm-\mtam XS-hd
- b
- n \c-In-p hntZ-in-If
- psS t]cn t]mepw Ioscm-gp-p-Ibpw Iq-{]m\ \S-p-Ibpw sNp ]n-X-in-tcm-a-Wn-I aA-vZ\n
F hnI-emw-K\
- mb ]n-Xs Imcy-n {]Zin-n-p "R amhn-em-bn-mcm'
F at\m-KXn CXns sXfn-hm-Wv. kp-NnX cmjv{Sob ]-]m-Xn-Xz-ns apn
a\v Im-hp Zpc-h
bpw CtXm-sSmw AS-bm-fs
- -Sp-t-X
- p-v.''
""At-l
- ns `mj-bnse sNdn-sbmcp ]ng-hn-\v, ssieo-`w-K
- n-\p, ]Z-hn-\ym-k
- nse
BVw-_c
-
- n-\v, `mh-lm-hm-Zn-If
- nse [mcm-fn-
- n\v sImSpp Xot-n-h ]ngbmWv At-l
- ns H-cZ- i
- Iw buh-\
- n \nv Xn-n-g
- s
- X Ibvt]-dnb kXyw
Ncn-{X-n Ipdn-n-Ss
- p Ign-p.''
(Imknw Ccn-q, am[yaw: 31/03/2014)

]Tn-n-t-Xv
""kvIqfp-I-fn Fmw ]Tn-n-p-p-v. ]t, Pohn-X-n-ep-m-Ip shp-hn-fnIsfpdntm Pohn-X
- nse ]cm-Pb
-
- sf Fs\ ssIImcyw sNWw F-Xn-s\p-dntm ]Tn-n-p-n-. icnpw CXp-IqSn tNcp-X
- t hnZym-`ym-kw.''
(P-b-kq-cy)
68

1435 dP_vd- a-fm

imkv{Xw \bvv

1435 dP_vd- a-fm

Wv. a\p-jy-Po-hn-Xhpw Cu
{]Ir-Xn- \nb-a
- f
- psS ]cn-[nbn s]Sp-p. {]IrXn hyhv hncp- - a mb GXv
{]h- \ hpw tZmj- ^ - e Df-hm-p-Xpw AXpsImp Xs \njn-h
- p-amWv. ""AXn-\m kXy-nep-dp \nv aXs kao]n-p-I. ssZhw a\p-jysc
GsXmcp {]Ir- X n- b n
krjvSn-n-cn-p-pthm B
{]Ir- X n- b m- W - h - \ p- f - f - X v .
Am- l p- h ns krjv S n
hyh- - b n bmsXcp
amhpw kw`-hy-a-. AXm
Wv h{I-Xb
- n-m \nb-aw.
]t a\p- j y- c - [ n- I hpw
Imcyw {Kln- p- n- .''
(hn.Jp: 30: 30).

2.qtm-bvp-a-pdw
Ip{Klw:

e-f
- psS kz`mh khn-ti-jX-I amn adn-m Ir{Xna
t{Ima- t km- a p- I v Ignt-mw. a\p-jy\pw {]IrXnpw `oj-Wn-bmb PohnIsf krjv S n- m Cu
kmt-XnI hnZyv Ign-bpsa-X
- n-\m imkv{X-tem-In ]ecpw CXns\
hnain-p-p-v. (k-bkv
tPW 2014)
imkv{X-\I ZpjvSX
- Ipw {]IrXn hncp-h
- pam-m a\-jy-\h
- I
- m-ia
- n-.
{]] hyh-sb AXv
XInSw adn-pw. hn.-Jp-B
]d-bpp: ""ssZhm-\p-{K-ln \n {]Im-in-n-p-Xn\p ]Icw IrX-Lv\X
ImWn- - c p- X v . '' (hn.Jp:
14:28, 2:211). {]Ir-Xn-bpsS
Xmfw sXn-m-\n-S-h-cp
I- ss]im- N nI
t{]c-I-am-Wv. ""B ]nimNv
hgn-sX-n-pw. hymtam-lnn-pw. Ip-Im-en-I-fpsS
ImXp- I apdn- n- pw.
{]] {]IrXn hyh-bpsS kp-en-XXzw Aetm-e-s-Sp-m-\p-]-tZ-inpw.'' (hn.Jp: 4:119).
Amlp GXp hkvXphpw
krjvSn-n-p-ff
- Xv kp-en-Xamb {]Ir-Xn-tbmSv IqSn-bm-

ap\o
hS-m-tcn

\psS
kuc- b q- Y nse Ghpw AI-e
- n
Dff qtm- b v p- a - pdw
asmcp Ipf-f {Kls
Kth-j-I Is-n-bn-cnp-p. 2012 hn.]n 113 Fp
\ma- I - c - W hpw sNbv X p.
qtm nXn sNp Inb]s_n\pw kuc- b qY
AXnn-bmbn Icp-Xp
Duv ukn\pw CS-bn-ep-

Ir{Xna Poh cnm P\n-XI kmt-XnI

imkv { X- - m \nc- c
Kth- j - W - n- e m- W - t m.
ko-tIm-i--fnse
t{Imatkmw Nne Kth-jW
- im-kv{X--m Ctm
]co--W-im-e-bn \nnn-cn-p-p. sNSn-If
- p-sSbpw
arK-f
- psSbpw kz`m-hk
- h
- nti- j - X - I Cjv S m- \ p- k cWw amn ]p\-cq-]-I]\
sNm-\p-ff {ia-nXv
Duw ]In-cn-p-p.
\yqtbmv k-Ie
- m-ime
Cn- yqv Hm^v knw
P\n- nIv Kth- j - I - c psS
Is--em-Wn-Xv.
aZy-ap-m-m-\p-]-tbm-Knp bov tImi--fn
Ir{Xn-aa
- mbn \nn t{Imatkm- a p- I kn- t h- i n- nmWv Kth-jI
- km[m-cW
- tIm-i
- s
- f-tmse CXns\
{]hn-n-X
- v. _mIvSo-cn-bI- f nse Un.- F - F .sb
t\ct Ir{Xn-aa
- mbn Kthj- I Dm- n- b n- c p- p.
t{Ima-tkm-ap-I-fpsS Cg-]n-cnbepw ths]-Sepw tImi-hn`-P\
-
- n\p AXy-m-t]-nX-am-Wv. AXn-\m Poh-Pm-

1. Ir{Xna
t{Imatkmw:

ssZhnI ZrjvSm-
-
Iap-n!

69

Jnew An--s. ""Ggp

BIm-i-sf ASp-p-Ifmbn krjv S n- - h - \ mWv
Am-lp. B ]c-aI
- m-cp-WnIs krjv S n- n bm
sXmcp \yq\-Xbpw ImWpI-bn Xs. AtX, Hcn IqSn \ns ZrjvSn
]mbn-p-I. h \yq\-X
bpw ImWp-ptm? th
m, ]e- X - h W Bh
np t\mnsmn-cnq. \ns Iv ]c-h-ibmbnsmp Xncnp
hcnI Xs-bm-bn-cnpw
^ew'' (hn.Jp: 67:3,4)

3. imkv{X-tem-It- v
\h Bc-I ayw:

qtm kqcy-\n \nv 40

Akvt{Sm-W-an- bqWnv
AI-e-n-em-Wv. Fm
2012hn.]n113 F Cu {Klw
80
Akv t {Sm- W - a n-
bqWnv AI-e
- n-em-Wt- {X.
skUv\ 72 Akvt{Sm-W-an bqWnv AI-e
- n-epw.
kuc-bq-Y-ns hnZq-c_m-ly-ta-J-e-bn C\nbpw
CXp- t ]m- e p- f - f h Dm- I psam-Wn-tm Kth-j-I
A\p-am-\n-p--Xv. Hn\p
]pdta Ah- k m- \ n- m
Kth-jW
- X
- zc a\p-jy-lr-Zb
- nepff Ime- a - { Xbpw
Ccw Kth- j W ]coW {ia- XpSpsIm-n-cn-pw. A\yq-\a
- mb
Cu alm- { ]- ] w Fp
am{Xw Ap-XI
- cw! tImSm\p-tImSn kuc-bq-Y--fp-ff
Cu _rlv {]]- ns \mY\p kvXpXn-If
- n-

Bc-Is P\p-ns
Hcp ]pXnb ayw Xncp-h
]pd-a--n-\-Sp-p-ff Idp-h-S-t-cn--c-bn Isn- b n- c n- p- p. sImw
Nhd Kh: tImtfPv kpthm-

ff {]tZ- i mWo sNdp{Klw nXn

sNp--Xv.
]p hjw
apv Isnb asmcp
Ipf-f {Klamb
sk
Uv\v kao]-am-Wn-Xns
m\w.
Nnen-bnse
sktdm- C
Ata-cn-
H_vkth-d
- nbnse 13 ASn
hnkvXm-ca
- p-ff
Zqc-Zin\n
D]- t bm- K nv
kv t Imv
sjtUpw
lhmbv sPan\n H_vkth-dn-bnse NmUvhnIv F.-{Sp-Pntembpw tNmWv ]pXnb
Cu {Kls Is-n-bXv .
qtm- b v - pdw
asmpw Dm-In F
[mcW CtXmsS Xncp-s
- p. qtmbpw skUv\bpw
Ds-Sp m\-tm-bn-UpI F {Kqn CXns\
Kth-jI
- D-s-Sp-n-bn-cnp-p. CtXmsS kqcy-\n
\nv G- h p- a - I - s e- b p- f f
hkvXp qtm Bbn-cp-psh ]Z- h nbpw ]noSv
s k U v \ - m - b n cppshXpw
cp
t]pw
\jv S - a m- b n.
kqcy\pw `qanbpw Xn 15
tImSn In. ao AI-ea
- m-Wv.
CXns\ Hcp Akvt{Sm-W-an bqWnv Fv ]d-bpw.
2340 In.-ao- hnkvXm-c-ap-ff
70

1435 dP_vd- a-fm

cp P\p- p- I - f n s]
Bc- I kv ] njo- k p- I .
Ctm \mep h-am-bn.
`y-tbm-Kyhpw Ae-m-c-ay- h p- a mbn
ImWmhpXmWv. Bgw Ipd
Pem-ib
-
- f
- n Pohn-p-p.
\Zn-I-fpsS hi--fn-ep-ff
Ipn-s-Sn-I-fnepw ]md--pIn-S-bn-ep-amWv kt-Xambn Xnc-s-Sp-n-cn-p-Xv. CXn\v C\m-j-W
Io-j Hm^v kpthm-fP
- n t\ma tIz AwKoImcw e`np Ign- p.
temI- i mkv { X
Umm
t_n cPn- sN-sp
Ign-p. H-c-\q-m-n\p
tij- a mWv tIc- f - n
\np BZy-ambn temI-imkv{X-P-\p-ns ]pXnb
Bc-Is\ Xncn--dn--Xv.
_lp- a m\y imkv { X\pw Kth- j - I - \ p- a mb
Fw. Aen-aW
- n-Iv^m eZzo]v Xoc-p-\nv ap-nAv hj-p apv
Hcp {]tXy-IX
- cw ays
Isn imkv { X- t em- I n\p kan- n- c pXpw
ChnsS kv a cn- p- I - b m- W v .
A _ q - U - ^ v U - ^ v a m - W n Iv^m FmWv imkv{XtemIw AXn\p \ma-Ic
- Ww
sNbvXX
- v. AXp-hsc Isn-bn-n-m-Xpw At\Iw

fPn hn`mKw Akn- v

s{]m^-k amth-en-c XSn-em kztZin amXyqkv
maq-n-emWv Cu ays
tiJ-cn-p-Ibpw Xncn-d
- n-bpIbpw sNbv X - X v . CXns
hniZ imkv { X- t e- J \w
tPW Hm^v FIvkv]n-cnsa kpthm- f - P n- b psS
]pXnb e-n {]kn-oI-cn--s-n-p-v. aWn-a-e -\Zn- b psS {][m- \ - ` m- K p
\nm- W n- X ns\ e`n- - X v .
"amt{Im- m- X kv `mkn- t bkv' Fm-Wn-Xns\ \ma-IcWw sNbvXn-p-ff
- X
- v.
CXp-hsc e`y-amb CtX
P\p-n s] ap ay-fp-am-bp-ff hyXymkw hyambn Xncn- - d n- n- p- v .
]miz--fnepw apI-fnepw
{_u \ndw, Nph- n
a,
]miz- - f n
IpdpsI 27 ISpw a hcI. Hmtcm tPmSn hcIn- S - b nepw shf- f - \ n- d n-ep-ff Ftm H]tXm
s]mp-I, apXp-Inse NndIn\pw hmn-d-In\p appff Nnd-Inepw Xnc-o-\a
- mbn
[mcmfw a-tcJ-I-fp-v.
apXp-n-dI
- n [mcmfw apf-fpI-fp-ap-v. Iev]m-cI
- , ]\B-cI
- , hb-\m-S Bc-I
Fn-hb
- m-bn-cpp CXp-hs
- cbmbn tIc- f - n In-

khn-ti-jX
- I
- fpw Df-fX
- m-bncpp B ayw.
Poh-Pm-e-a-Jn-es-bpw
hmW- c p- f p {]]- - \ mYs al-Xzs hnfn-tmXp Ccw Kth- j - W fpw ]T-\-fpw ssZhmkvXn-Xz-n-te-p-ff
Nnsb DXnp hnSp-p.
alm-{k-jvSm-hm-bh
- am{Xw
Bcm- [ n- - s - S mhq F
kt-ihpw \Ipp.
""\nv ImWm-hp
XqWp- I - s fm- p- a n- msX
BIm- i - sf
Ah
krjv S n- n- c n- p- p. `qan
\n-sfbpw sImv Cf-ImXn-cn-p-hm-\mbn AXn
Ah Dd ]-X-
\mn- b n- c n- p- p. Fm
Xcw Pp- P m- e - - t fbpw
AXn hn\y-kn-n-cn-pp. hm\p \nv shffw
sNmcn-bp-Ibpw hninjv-Samb CW- s bm kkytPm-Sn-I-tfbpw apf-n-n-cnp-p. CsXmw Am-lphns krjv S n- b m- I p- p.
Fm, Ah\p ]pd-sa-bpf- f - h krjv S n- n- p- f - f Xv
Fm- s Wv \n- s f\np ImWnp Xcq. A,
A{I-aI
- m-cn-I hy-amb
hgn-tI-Sn-em-Ip-p.
(hn.Jp: 31:10,11)

a\p-jy cp-Xcw
""\psS Pohn-X-n cp-Xcw a\p-jy-cp-v. Nne \ap-p-thn Imn-cnp-p. Nnep-thn \mw Imp-\np-p.''
(F-kv.F
- . s_lam)
""Adn-hn-m-bvab
- psS k-Xn-bmWv aphn[n''
1435 dP_vd- a-fm

(thm-b)
71

kwkvImcw
s{]m^. ]n. apl-Zv Ip-tcn

D-bpsS Imo-gn-emWv kzKw

Dm.... Fv \on hnfnp-tm, D-b
- psS HmI Df-fn Dbp hcptm lrZ-b-n Ae-adn-bp hnIm-c
- sf Ac-f
- n-eqsS {]Im-in-n-m
Hcp Ihnpw KZy-Im-c\pw
Ign-bn-. {]bm-k
- n-\p-ta
{]bmkw klnv ]p
amkw hb-n t]dn \Sv
s\mp {]k- h n D.
Ipns ]nd-hn-bn-ep-ff
ktmjw Fm hnj-a-sfbpw Ahv a[p-ct- h-Z\
- bmbn amp- I - b m--b n- c p- p.
{]Ir- X n- b psS DS- a - b mb
ssZh-ns in F{X
Ap- X - I cw! Ipn\v
Bh- i y- a mb
Blmcw
Ah D-bpsS amdn-S
- n
Xs \nt-]n-n-cn-p-p.
bYm- n
Ah
NpcnsmSp-p
apem Ah-cpsS lr-Zbw
Nmen a[p-hm-Wv.
Ipp- F{X hepXm-bmepw D-amv Ah
Fpw a Xs.
kv t \l- h m- - e y- v
Hcp Ipdhpw Dm-hp-Ib
- n-.
Dsb hnv Ah Zqsc-sbhn- s S- s b- nepw t]mbm
D-bpsS lrZ-b
- ns Hcp
`mKw ]ns Ah-tcm-sSm-am-bn. Ah kpc-n-Xc
- mbn
Xncn-p-h-cm-\p-ff {]m-\bm-sW-tm-gpw.
{kjvSm-hn\v D-tbmSpw
72

Ipn-t\m-Sp-ap-ff A]m-camb Zbm-hm-bv]n\v hy-amsbmcp DZm-lc

- Ww: ^tdmhm
N{I- h n \mn P\np
BIp- n- I - s fsbmw sImm hn[n
k`w. aqksb {]k-hn
D-tbmSv Ipns\ s]nbn-e-Sv ]pg-bn-sem-gp-m
ssZhw tXmnnp- p.
Ipn Xn-tep Xs Xncns-p-sa {]Xo Dbn DWp-p. ^tdm-hmbpsS sImm-c-n-se-nb
Ipnsb ape-bq-n hfm
]nb kv{XoIsf ]n-bp-ff
XIr-Xn-bmb At\z-j-Ww.
Ah-km\w Ipn ape IpSnm D- b psS ASpv
Xncn- s - p- p. Hcp DbpsS a\-ns thZ\ Adnbp Am-lp-hns bpn!
Ah-fpsS In\v Ipfntb-Im\pw ZpxJw amm\pw
thn- b mWv
ssZhw
Cs\ sNbvXX
- v. D-bpsS
lrZ-b
- ns Imcyw AXyp-XI
- cw Xs.
{]kn Ad_n Fgp-pIm- c - \ mb
anm- C u
\psFa AXv shfn-s-Sp-pXv Cs\: Ipn DbpsS kao- ] v \nv
th]n-cn-m Dv cv
lrZ-bhpw cv ico-c-hp-ambn. D-am Ip-n-Isf Fs
Ictf, It Fsms
hnfn- m- d n- t . CsXmpw

Ahsc
kw_- n- n- S tmfw `wKn-hm-p-I-f-.
Ipn\v Fs-nepw hnja-ap-m-Ip-tm-tgpw
Dmv Dcn hnj-a-am-bn.
Ahs Rcn \nv Hcp
Xpffn tNmc Hen-p-tm-tgpw D- b psS lrZbw
s]mn [mc-[m-cb
- mbn Hgp-IpI-bm-bn. Ah-s\-sb-m\pw
acWw ]nSn-Iq-Sn-bmtem AhcpsS lrZbw ]e-hw a-cnp-p.....
CXmWv D! kvt\lhpw
hm-eyhpw Dcpn tNv
cq]-s-Sp-nb Hcp DrjvS s
- sN-X\
- yw. D,- A-,an Fn-s\ `mjm-hyXym-ka
- \
- p-kc
- nv Fv t]cv
hnfn-s a F A-cns kmn-[y-apv Ahbn. a Fv D-cn-m
Ipn\v Fsm-sc-fp-w.
Npp-I Hv Iqnp-dp-Itb thq.
D- b psS I\n- h ns
am[pcyw \pI-cm a\p-jy
GXv \mn-em-bmepw Ahs
lrZbw shp-p. D-bpsS
kn-[n-bn-se-n-bm
A\p-`-h-s-Sp BmZw
Ah-\o-bw.
D An-aa
- mbn th]ncn-bp-tm-gp-ff thZ\ Akl-\obw Xs.
cv Ipw \jvS-s
A- \ mb Ad_nhn
A th]n-cn-t- m-gp-ff
1435 dP_vd- a-fm

thZ\ Cs\ ]Ipp. ""Rm A- \ mbn

krjvSn-s
- -p. Fs DbpsS In-em-bn-cpp Fs
Ins shfn-w. F\nv
Fs D \jvS-s-p. ]S-h-t\, Rm\n-tm cp
hw A-\m-bn.''
{]kn A kmln-XyIm- c - \ mb tUm. Xmlm
lpssk Xs Zpcn- X ]q-amb Pohn-X-nse
GIm-{ibw D s\n--Sn An-p Npw_-\am-bn-cpp Fv hy-am-nbn-p-v. asmcp Ad-_n-hn
D-bpsS I\n-hns\ hWnp- Xv Cs\: Fs
[\hpw Iqp-Imcpw hne-]nSn Ihn- X - I fpw Fmw
F\nv
\- j v S - s - p.
Fm app-I ]Xn
Inco-St- -m hne-]n-Sn-pff Hcp \n[n F\n-p-v.
AXv Fs D-bpsS s\n\-Is I\n-hm-Wv. kvt\l\n-[n-bmb, I\n-hns ISemb Cu D-sb a\p-jyPo-hn-tbm-Sp-ff a-fpsS ISa
F{X-bm-Wv.
Pohn- X - n Ghpw
\ kl-hmkw Btcm-Sm-bncn- Wsa tNmZy- n\v
{]hm-NI
- ]d adp-]Sn
D-tbmSv Fm-Wv. kzKw
D-bpsS Imm-Z-v
Nph-sS-bm-Wv. D-bp-tSbpw
D-bp-tSbpw Xr]vXn t\Sm
Ign- b p- - h - \ mWv ssZhns Xr]vXn-l-\m-hpI. D {]hm- N - I s\
FXnp i{Xp--fpsS
]-v. Ah hnizm-kn-\nbmb aIsf kin-m
hcp-p. kzoI-cn-t-W-tam,
klmbw ktI- W tam?
1435 dP_vd- a-fm

{]hm-NI
- Ahsc kzoI-cnn-cp-m\pw th klm-b \Im\pw Akv a tbmSv In- p- p. DbpsS BZi-n-tem,-ka
- o-]\-co-Xn-bntem Fv t]mcmbva-I-fp-m-hs Atm-pff kao]- \ - n hogv N
hcp-p--Xn\v AsXmpw
Imc-Wa
- m-bn-q-Sm. D-bpsS
shdpv km-Zn-p--Xns\
sIme- ] m- X - I - n\v Xpeyamb Ip-ambn {]hm-N-I
hnti-jn-n-p-p. Amlp
ldmw Bnb Ipw.
Dbpw Dbpw ac-Ws
- mepw Ahp thn \
sNbvXv ]pWyw t\Smw. AhcpsS ]c-temI cbvp
thn
{]mn- p- I ,
Ahv KpWw Inm
thn Zm\w sNp-I.
asf
Bp- t \mv
hfnb D hm[-Iy-nse-n-bm Ahv afn \nv Ghpw \ ]cnN-cWw e`n-W
- w. Fm
a hrsc Ah- K - W np
Hcp
]pXnb
kwkvmcw temIv hf-cpI-bm-Wv.
ae- b m- f - ns {]nb
IYm-Im-cnbpw Ih-bn-{Xn-bpamb Ia-em-kp-c a-fpsS
Ah- K - W \ t]dp hrbmb Hcp D-bpsS Nn{Xw
Ah-X-cn-n-p-sImv A
Fsmcp IhnX Fgp-Xn-bnp-v. AXnse Nne hcn-IfpsS Bibw ChnsS
]I-s:
""apSn t\p, \c- v ,
{]p- _ v [ - a mb IS- e n
Nmpw
Ncnpw
\op I t]mse
A \S-p-p. Ah-cpsS

IX-S-n Ia-jn-mSp- I - f n- , hkv { X- n

In- - i - b n- . hd- v
sI-hs
- fv tXmn-n-p
Ah kpa-b
- m-Imw, Ia-ebm-Imw, sImp-t{X-ky-bmImw. {]k- h - t ijw Asb t]cn am{Xw Adn-bs- S p- - h . aq{Xw \\
hncn-bn kzbw InS-h
- ,
Onbpw aehpw tImcn-f--h. Imn-sI XdhmSv hnf-v. {]am-Wn-If
- mb
asf iey-s-Sp-m Hcnepw COn- m- - h .
asf `b-p-h
- . GIm- X bmw In tamn
Xf-h.''
Nne a-fpsS AXyw
lo\-amb {]hrn Cs\:
a A--b sNpambn _mn sNp-tm
mp-am ]cn-lk
- nv Nncnp-p. hn-sv!
Ctm ]pecn Ahv
cmhm-Wv. asf sXmSp-hm
t]mepw `mKyw e`n-m-h. A- s b hnip
Pohn-bpsS B[p-\n-IN
- n-{Xw.
"" a m X m - ] n - X m - - f n
cp t]cpw As- n
Ah-cn Hcm hm[-Iyn-se-n-bm Ah-tcmSv
sO Fv ]d- b - c p- X v .
Ibv kwkm-cn--cp-Xv.
Xmgva ImWnv Ahv
Imcp- W y- n- d Iv Xmgn- nsm-Sp-p-I. dt Ah
Fs
sNdpn
hfnb t]mse \o AhtcmSv ImcpWyw ImWn-tWta Fv {]mn-p-I.''
(Jp-B)
(I-S-mSv: N{n-I)

73

Civm

Kw`o-cao \
- m-a
-

bpsS Imev hv, kphm-Av, bKzqkv, bDuJv, \kv t]mse-bp-h

- c
- m-bn-cp-p. ]pdsa
\_n-am-scbpw ae-p-Is
- fbpw \n-bn-n-cpp. AXp-t]mse Xzco-Jp {]m\w Hcp]mSv XkvXn-II
- fpw m\-]Z- h
- n-Ifpw Zd-PIfpw knv aa-d ssiJ-msc
Hcp Xc-n ]qPnp {]mnp sImncn-p-p. imC-dp _dmdn ]dp:
""aJp-p-_p, aJpe-^m-D, ap-P_
- mD
a Kukp, a HuXmZp, ap-J_
- mDu
am lmZn-ln AkvamD amZm J^lm
em ssiD Cm Alm AkvamDu''
""FmWo Jpp-_v, FmWo Jpe-^mA-v, \pP-_m-Av, Fp ]d-m-se-m, Cu
Kukpw HuXmZpw \pJ- _ mDw Hs
FmWv? Cu _lp-\m-a
- smw ]nnse-pv? Hcp Npp-an! Ipsd Kw`o-ct- ]cp-I ]d-bp-p-sh--m-sX.''
Amlp kqd: \Pv a n ]d- b pp:
""\nfpw \n-fpsS ]nXm-fpw \ma-IcWw sNbvX Nne t]cp-I-f-msX asmp- a Ah. Ah- s b- n Amlp
bmsXmcp {]am-Whpw Cd-n--n-n-.
Dul-sbpw a\-p-I Cn-p--Xns\bpw am{X-amWv Ah ]np-S-cp--Xv.
Ahv X-fpsS cn-Xm-hn- \nv
kmKw hn-p-p-Xm-\pw. Fn-pw.''
(hn.-Jp. 53: 23)

Xpeyw
ssZh-Im-cpWyw GsX-n-ep-samcp
PmXntm aX-hn-`m-K-nt\m hnt\m tZi-nt\m am{X-ambn ]cnan-X-s-Sp-n-bn-n-. a\p-jy-sc-mcpw
AXn Xpey-cm-Wv.
(hnk Nv)

Atd-_y P\X _lp-ssZ-hm-cm-[\

- pw
Amlp Am-h
- p t\ hgn-]mSp-Ipw, Xh-p-en-\pw, CkvXn-Kzm-kpw
At\Iw _nw_-s
- fbpw acnp aa-d
alm-c-Y-m-scbpw \n-bnp hn-cp-p.
em, D, a\m-, lp_vev, \mCe XpSn-bh
- AXn Nne-Xm-Wv. \qlv \_n(-A)-

Kw`o-c-\m-a-!

C{_mlow Jeo-ep-m-jmlv \qcn-bpsS

]Xn-s\m-m-aXv ]md-pdw Ddqkv ap_m-d
- nt\m-S\
- p-_
- nv \S s]mXp-tbmKw DZvLmS\w sNbvXv kwkm-cn-p-tm tIXv:
""Hcp hnizmkn ssIh-cn-t ]Z-hn-IfmWv kzmen-ln--v, ilo-Zn--v, knoJn-
- v, hmcn-kp-_n XpS-nb ]Z-hn-I.''
(Jp-Xp-_p aim-CJv knZv apl-Zv
Bcn-^p-o Poem-\n)
? Civm: hmcn-kp-_
- n-bn {]hm-NI apl-Zv \_n(-k)-bpsS Ddqkv ap_mdv \S-m-\p F{X I]-\I
- Dmbn- c pp? \_n(- k ) h^m- mb hjw
apX kzlm-_n-Ifpw Xm_n-DI
- fpw Xm_nD-m-_n-D-Ifpw D-a-\q-m-nse D-amcpw Xe-apd Xe-ap-d-bmbn F{X Ddqkv
ap_m-dv \S-n-tm-n-pv? Hp ]dp
Xm \m-bn-cp-p. ZKm ico-^p-I
sIn-smn Ahn-S
- f
- n-semw Ddqkv ap_mdv \Sn Kw`oc t\- h - g n- ] m- S p- I
hmp--Xnse ]Zhn kzmen-ln--n-tem,
ilo-Zn-
- n-tem, kno-Jn-
- ntem, hmcnkp- - _ n- b ntem
Ds- S pI
F
Civmepw Fm-hn[ inn \npw
ap-cm-Ip-hm AXp hb-p-hsc Pohnp--bm ta]-d Xcw F{X Ddqkv
ap_m-d-n-se-nepw ]s-Sp-m-emWv Cu
\mep ]Z-hn-I Inp-Is
- bpw ]dpXcpa-tm.

Ckvlm-Jen sNmn

74

1435 dP_vd- a-fm