pathological properties. The tumor can start producing symptoms quickly, butoccasionally is an asymptomatic condition until it reaches an enormous size.A neurologic evaluation should be done if a patient has slowlyincreasing signs of mental dysfunction, new seizures, persistent headachesor evidence that there is pressure inside the skull, such as vomiting or swelling or protrusion of the blind spot at the back of the eye. When viewedwith MRI, glioblastomas often appear as ring-enhancing lesions. Theappearance is not specific, however, as other lesions such as abscess,metastasis, tumefactive multiple sclerosis, and other entities may have asimilar appearance. Definitive diagnosis of a suspected GBM on CT or MRIrequires a stereotactic biopsy or a craniotomy with tumor resection.Depending on the patient's symptoms, specialized tests may be done,including tests of the field of vision, the sharpness of vision and hearing. If theresults of other tests are not conclusive, an examination of the fluid thatsurrounds the brain and spinal cord may be done, although it is usuallyunnecessary.Treatment -It is very difficult to treat glioblastoma due to several complicating factors:
The tumor cells are very resistant to chemotherapy and other conventional therapies
The brain is susceptible to damage due to therapy
The brain has a very limited capacity to repair itself
Many drugs cannot cross the blood brain barrier to act on the tumor
Treatment of primary brain tumors and brain metastases consists of both symptomatic and palliative therapies.Treatment of a
Glioblastoma Multiforme
depends on the nature of thetumor, how rapidly it is growing, what symptoms it causing and where it islocated. Radiation therapy is required to treat gliomas. Chemotherapy alsobenefits some patients with such tumors.Research is being done on a number of techniques that in the futuremight help treat Glioblastoma Multiforme, including:
Radioactive seed implants
Stereotactic radio surgery
New forms of chemotherapyOnly about one out of every four patients with this type of tumor survives twoyears. Prospects are better when:
The patient is younger than 45
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