Professional Documents
Culture Documents
SAS Strategic
Performance Management:
Creating and
Administering Scorecard
Projects
Course Notes
ii For Your Information
SAS® Strategic Performance Management: Creating and Administering Scorecard Projects Course Notes
was developed by Deborah Blank, Amy Gumm, Robert Ligtenberg, and Gina Rayman. Editing and
production support was provided by the Curriculum Development and Support Department.
SAS and all other SAS Institute Inc. product or service names are registered trademarks or trademarks of
SAS Institute Inc. in the USA and other countries. ® indicates USA registration. Other brand and product
names are trademarks of their respective companies.
SAS® Strategic Performance Management: Creating and Administering Scorecard Projects
Course Notes
Copyright © 2007 by SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC 27513, USA. All rights reserved. Printed in the
United States of America. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system,
or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, or otherwise, without
the prior written permission of the publisher, SAS Institute Inc.
Book code E702168, course code SPMMIT, prepared date 22Feb07. SPMMIT_003
ISBN 978-1-59994-249-0
For Your Information iii
Table of Contents
Course Description ...................................................................................................................... vi
Prerequisites ...............................................................................................................................vii
2.1 Introduction......................................................................................................................2-3
3.1 Introduction......................................................................................................................3-3
4.1 Introduction......................................................................................................................4-3
5.1 Introduction......................................................................................................................5-3
6.1 Introduction......................................................................................................................6-3
7.1 Introduction......................................................................................................................7-3
9.1 Introduction......................................................................................................................9-3
Course Description
This course focuses on how to do the following:
• surface information clearly, accurately, and quickly
• expose relationships between activities and their impacts on shareholder value
• understand which activities drive others and what impact these activities have on organization
performance
• identify potential problems by understanding their root causes
The course begins with key concepts and a detailed tour of the interface. You plan and create a scorecard
project; create and populate parent and child scorecards; create and apply thresholds, ranges, and column
selections; create element hierarchies and display dashboards; and create diagrams. You manage a
scorecard hierarchy; create aggregate views; and create comments and preferences. Finally, you access a
scorecard through Microsoft Office and apply security measures.
To learn more…
For a list of other SAS books that relate to the topics covered in this
Course Notes, USA customers can contact our SAS Publishing Department at
1-800-727-3228 or send e-mail to sasbook@sas.com. Customers outside the
USA, please contact your local SAS office.
Also, see the Publications Catalog on the Web at support.sas.com/pubs for a
complete list of books and a convenient order form.
For Your Information vii
Prerequisites
This course requires no prior SAS experience or training. Before attending this course, you should have
experience building, implementing, and using at least one kind of performance management framework,
for example, a balanced scorecard.
viii For Your Information
Chapter 1 Getting Started with
SAS Strategic Performance
Management
Objectives
Describe the challenges that face twenty-first century
businesses.
Explain the concept and origin of a performance
management framework.
Describe the benefits of a performance management
framework.
Describe the benefits of using SAS Strategic
Performance Management.
3
1-4 Chapter 1 Getting Started with SAS Strategic Performance Management
5
1.1 Using a Performance Management Solution 1-5
Nineteenth Management
Accounting
Century
Fifteenth Double-Entry
Bookkeeping
Century
Financial Strategic Operational
Collecting, measuring, and reporting financial data has a history starting in the fifteenth century.
However, a methodology for combining financial and non-financial measures did not fully evolve
until the late twentieth century.
1-6 Chapter 1 Getting Started with SAS Strategic Performance Management
What Is a
Performance Management Framework?
A performance management framework is a strategic
management system that is supported by measures of
performance.
Such measures can do the following:
optimize strategy and manage organizational activities
test strategies
evaluate results and accomplishments
correct strategy to reflect learning
Over 140 different measurement and management frameworks and systems, as well as performance
reform initiatives, were developed over the past four decades.
Why Use a
Performance Management Framework?
Without a performance management
framework, an organization
cannot prioritize its time and cannot
focus on what is important.
might be able to function efficiently
at the department or unit level, but
lacks cohesiveness across the
enterprise. Thus, the enterprise is
out of alignment.
lacks the agility to adapt to rapidly
changing markets, opportunities,
and threats.
9
1.1 Using a Performance Management Solution 1-7
Why Use a
Performance Management Framework?
Reverse losing competitive position.
Keep pace with new technological advances.
Respond to changing labor markets.
Adjust to employee shifts/downsizing.
Comply with government management reforms.
10
Situations that drive the need for organizational change and refocus are often referred to as
burning platforms.
continued...
12
1.1 Using a Performance Management Solution 1-9
continued...
13
Within the balanced scorecard methodology, alternative perspectives can be used in conjunction with or in
lieu of the four basic perspectives. These perspectives might include the following:
• community
• training
• infrastructure
• budget
• development
1-10 Chapter 1 Getting Started with SAS Strategic Performance Management
14
1.1 Using a Performance Management Solution 1-11
A balanced scorecard system converts strategy into an integrated organizational system that is defined
across business perspectives.
Typically, four business perspectives are used, but three to five perspectives can be used.
According to many industry experts, a good balance between past and present and between internal and
external business processes is more easily achieved with four perspectives.
1-12 Chapter 1 Getting Started with SAS Strategic Performance Management
continued...
16
17
1.1 Using a Performance Management Solution 1-13
18
When you expose relationships between activities and their impact on shareholder value, you can
understand why certain activities are more important than others. You then can use time and resources
more efficiently.
19
1-14 Chapter 1 Getting Started with SAS Strategic Performance Management
Objectives
Define the target audience.
Identify the course prerequisites.
Describe the business scenario.
21
1.2 About This Course 1-15
22
Course Prerequisites
This course assumes that you are well acquainted with at
least one performance management methodology.
Other prerequisites:
familiarity with Microsoft Excel
familiarity with Microsoft Word
23
Business Scenario
24
1.2 About This Course 1-17
25
26
1-18 Chapter 1 Getting Started with SAS Strategic Performance Management
27
28
1.3 SAS Strategic Performance Management: Key Views 1-19
Objectives
Identify the key views in the SAS Strategic
Performance Management solution and explain their
functions.
30
What Is a View?
In a SAS Strategic Performance Management project, you
can display different views of your data on the right side
of the Project page:
Tables display data for the selected scorecard
in tabular form.
Aggregate display data for the selected scorecard
tables and all of its children.
Dashboards display data in the form of dashboards.
Associations display the relationship between
scorecard elements in the form of a
hierarchy.
Diagrams display data in the form of diagrams.
31
1-20 Chapter 1 Getting Started with SAS Strategic Performance Management
32
33
1.3 SAS Strategic Performance Management: Key Views 1-21
34
35
1-22 Chapter 1 Getting Started with SAS Strategic Performance Management
What Is a Dashboard?
You can use dashboards to display ranges in a graphical
format.
Each element is represented by a dashboard that
displays the data ranges that are defined.
In addition to ranges, you can display comments, history
data, and element properties.
36
What Is a Dashboard?
37
1.3 SAS Strategic Performance Management: Key Views 1-23
What Is an Association?
An association
displays relationships between scorecard element
types and their associated attributes in a project
displays the elements in a hierarchy.
38
What Is a Diagram?
A diagram is a graphical way of representing elements,
their relationships to one another, and their respective
scores.
You can create diagrams that illustrate the relationships
between scorecard elements. Diagrams can be based on
project element types or scorecard element types.
39
1-24 Chapter 1 Getting Started with SAS Strategic Performance Management
What Is a Diagram?
Diagrams have two layers:
data node layer
container layer
The data node layer consists primarily of nodes that
represent the elements in a scorecard or a project. This
layer can also include links that connect the nodes. The
container layer consists primarily of containers that you
can use to group the data nodes.
40
What Is a Diagram?
41
1.4 Touring the SAS Strategic Performance Management Interface 1-25
Objectives
View the Parcel Express template.
View the Parcel Express scorecard project.
Tour the key views for a scorecard project.
43
1-26 Chapter 1 Getting Started with SAS Strategic Performance Management
Dashboard Views
1-32 Chapter 1 Getting Started with SAS Strategic Performance Management
Historical Trends
1.4 Touring the SAS Strategic Performance Management Interface 1-33
Associations
Diagrams
1-34 Chapter 1 Getting Started with SAS Strategic Performance Management
Chapter 2 The SAS Information
Delivery Portal
2.1 Introduction.....................................................................................................................2-3
2.1 Introduction
Objectives
Describe the SAS Information Delivery Portal.
Distinguish between the two methods of organizing
portal content.
4
2-4 Chapter 2 The SAS Information Delivery Portal
Advantages
Single sign-on
Secure environment for sharing information with
other users
Ability to subscribe to publication channels and alerts
that deliver updated information to your desktop
Integrated with the SAS Business Intelligence
Architecture
Portal Organization
The SAS Information Delivery Portal uses pages and
portlets to organize information.
A page is a Web page in the SAS Information Delivery
Portal that contains portlets. Each page is represented
by a tab on the portal’s navigation bar.
Portlets are rectangular components of a portal page
and are used to organize content.
continued...
6
2.1 Introduction 2-5
Portal Organization
Portlet
Page
My Favorites Portlet
My Favorites enables users to create lists of documents,
files, folders, links, and tasks.
8
2-6 Chapter 2 The SAS Information Delivery Portal
10
2.2 Using the SAS Information Delivery Portal 2-7
Objectives
Log on to the SAS Information Delivery Portal.
Add content to the portal.
Change the portal’s page layout.
12
2-8 Chapter 2 The SAS Information Delivery Portal
This demonstration shows how to log on to the SAS Information Delivery Portal, add content to the
portal, and change the portal’s page layout.
1. Open Internet Explorer and enter a URL.
Your URL might be different from the one shown above. Your instructor will provide the
URL for your training server.
2. Select Log On to sign on to the portal.
3. Supply a user name and a password by typing values in those fields.
4. Select . For this training, you will see the portal page titled Home that was created for the
demonstration in Chapter 1.
2.2 Using the SAS Information Delivery Portal 2-9
If a portal page were not created previously, you would see no initial content in the portal.
5. Select Options Add… from the menu at the top of the window to add a second page to the portal.
2-10 Chapter 2 The SAS Information Delivery Portal
6. The Create tab is selected by default on the Add Pages to Profile page. Create a new page by entering
a name, a description, and any keywords for the new page.
The Page rank option specifies a number that indicates the importance of this page as
compared to other pages. The number determines the order in which pages are listed in the
navigation bar; pages are ordered from lowest to highest. Pages that have equal rank values
are listed in the order in which they were created. The default value is 100.
8. You can use the Add Pages to Profile page to add as many pages as wanted in the portal. When you
are finished, select . The new page is displayed. Notice that it is empty.
2.2 Using the SAS Information Delivery Portal 2-11
9. To add portlets to the page, select Options Edit Content… from the menu at the top of the
window.
11. Select .
12. Select URL Display Portlet from the drop-down menu on the Add Portlets page. Give the portlet a
title by typing a value in the Name field. Optionally, you can also enter a description for the portlet
and any keywords.
2.2 Using the SAS Information Delivery Portal 2-13
13. Select . A message indicates that the portlet was added successfully.
14. Select My Favorites from the drop-down menu on the Add Portlets page. Give the portlet a title by
typing a value in the Name field.
17. Edit the SAS Home Page portlet by selecting (the Edit icon) in the portlet title bar.
2-14 Chapter 2 The SAS Information Delivery Portal
18. Type http://www.sas.com in the URL text box. Select Show URL content inside an
I-Frame. Maintain the default value of 300 for I-Frame Height.
19. Select . The SAS Web page is displayed in the URL display portlet.
20. Select Edit Portlet… to add items to the Performance Management Links portlet.
21. Select on the Properties page. A menu appears. Select Task… from this menu.
2.2 Using the SAS Information Delivery Portal 2-15
22. Select Manage Scorecard Projects from the list in the Add Tasks window.
Manage Scorecard Projects enables you to create a new scorecard project as well as manage all
scorecard projects and templates.
23. Select to close the Add Tasks window. Select a second time to close the Properties
window.
2-16 Chapter 2 The SAS Information Delivery Portal
24. Select Options Edit Content… to change information on the current page.
25. The Edit Page Content window opens. Change the number of columns from 1 to 2 so that the two
portlets appear side by side. Accept the default column width of 50% for each column.
26. Move the SAS Home Page portlet to Column 2 by selecting its name in the text box for Column 1 and
selecting (the Move Right icon) to change columns.
2.2 Using the SAS Information Delivery Portal 2-17
You can also change the layout of the page content by using a grid layout. With a grid layout, you
cannot only specify the size of each column, but you can also span columns. For example, you can
display the Performance Management Links portlet in the top left column of the portal page and
display the SAS Home Page portlet so that it spans both the bottom-left and bottom-right spaces.
28. To use a grid layout, select Options Edit Content….
29. In the Edit Page Content window, select By grid as the value for the Layout field.
30. The current portlet layout has one row and two columns. Both portlets are in one row of the grid.
Select to add a second row to the grid layout.
2-18 Chapter 2 The SAS Information Delivery Portal
31. Specify that the Performance Management Links portlet appears in column one of row one. Choose
the option Empty for the second column of row one so that the portlet appears only in the upper-left
corner of the page.
32. Display the SAS Home Page portlet in both columns of row two so that it spans both the bottom-left
and bottom-right display spaces.
2.2 Using the SAS Information Delivery Portal 2-19
33. Select to save and apply the changes. The portal page now displays the portlets in a grid.
34. Select the layout that you prefer and save your changes. You will add more portlets to the portal page
as the course progresses and you might choose to further edit the layout.
2-20 Chapter 2 The SAS Information Delivery Portal
Chapter 3 Creating Templates,
Element Types, Metric Attributes,
Projects, and Scorecards
3.1 Introduction.....................................................................................................................3-3
3.1 Introduction
Objectives
Identify the basic steps in creating a scorecard project.
Creating a Project
This chapter walks you through the steps necessary
to create a scorecard project:
planning a project
creating a template
creating and associating element types
defining metric attributes and enabling additional
languages
creating a project
creating a scorecard
4
3-4 Chapter 3 Creating Templates, Element Types, Metric Attributes, Projects, and Scorecards
Objectives
Explain the importance of planning a performance
management project.
Define and explain the differences among templates,
scorecards, and projects.
Planning a Project
Many people assume that
scorecards always
represent organizations
and that element types are
always perspectives,
objectives, and measures.
However, a performance
management project does
not have to follow
conventional balanced
scorecard methodology.
7
3.2 Planning a Project 3-5
Planning a Project
A project and its corresponding template can capture any
performance management strategy, whether it is based
on a balanced scorecard, Six Sigma, Baldrige, TQM, or
any other performance management methodology.
Whatever your methodology, it is important to take time to
plan your project and template to meet the needs of your
organization.
Defining a Template
Select your performance management methodology and
its components before you design your template.
A template is a layout for your performance management
application. It specifies the components to be used in your
application and determines how scorecard information is
reported.
9
3-6 Chapter 3 Creating Templates, Element Types, Metric Attributes, Projects, and Scorecards
Defining a Template
Some predefined templates are shipped with
SAS Strategic Performance Management software.
The Balanced Scorecard template reflects the
balanced scorecard methodology for measuring
performance.
The KPI Viewer template is used to measure key
performance indicators.
The User-Defined template enables you to create
your own template.
10
Defining a Scorecard
A scorecard is a collection
of elements for a given
business unit. A scorecard
tracks internal business
processes and external
outcomes so that an
organization can plan its
strategy and monitor its
success.
Scorecards are arranged in
a hierarchy within a project.
11
3.2 Planning a Project 3-7
Defining a Project
A project is a collection of scorecards arranged in a
hierarchical structure.
A project can have one or more root-level scorecards.
Each root-level scorecard can have child scorecards that
are arranged in a hierarchy.
12
3-8 Chapter 3 Creating Templates, Element Types, Metric Attributes, Projects, and Scorecards
Objectives
Create a template for the Parcel Express project.
14
Creating a Template
Create a template in order to define the components of a
scorecard environment.
15
3.3 Creating a Template 3-9
Creating a Template
The template includes four components:
Project Element Types
Scorecard Element Types
Metric Attributes
User-Defined Languages
16
3-10 Chapter 3 Creating Templates, Element Types, Metric Attributes, Projects, and Scorecards
Creating a Template
The application opens with two predefined templates and a folder for user-defined templates.
The user-defined template named Parcel Express Tour was created for the tour in Chapter 1.
3.3 Creating a Template 3-11
4. Select . The Template Editor window opens for the template that you created.
3-12 Chapter 3 Creating Templates, Element Types, Metric Attributes, Projects, and Scorecards
5. Navigate out of the Template Editor window and back to the Template and Project Manager window
by selecting Template Manage Templates and Projects….
You can also select within Strategic Performance Management to navigate out of
the Template Editor window. Do not use the Back navigation tool on the Internet Explorer
menu bar to navigate within SAS Strategic Performance Management. Results are not always
reliable. Using menu options within SAS Strategic Performance Management is the most
appropriate way to navigate.
You can now see your template in the list of user-defined templates.
3.4 Creating and Associating Element Types 3-13
Objectives
Create element types.
Establish relationships among selected element types.
19
Defining Elements
An element is a unit of data represented by a row in a
scorecard table. Each element belongs to one of the
following:
a project element type
a scorecard element type
Element types are defined in the template.
20
3-14 Chapter 3 Creating Templates, Element Types, Metric Attributes, Projects, and Scorecards
21
22
3.4 Creating and Associating Element Types 3-15
After you create a template, the Template Editor window opens. If you navigated away from the Template
Editor window during the previous demonstration, reopen it by selecting Template Edit Template….
The template tables are listed in the left panel of the Template Editor window. The center of the screen
displays the content of each table.
1. Select Project Element Types to highlight it and then select New Project Element Type to create a
new project element type.
3-16 Chapter 3 Creating Templates, Element Types, Metric Attributes, Projects, and Scorecards
2. The New Project Element Type window opens. Name the element type by typing Contacts in the
Element type name field. You can also enter an optional description in the appropriate field.
Supply an image by selecting one from the menu to the right of the default image.
4. To create new scorecard element types, select Scorecard Element Types from the template table
menu on the left side of the window. Select New Scorecard Element Type.
3.4 Creating and Associating Element Types 3-17
5. Name the element type by typing Goals in the Element type name field. Supply an image by
selecting the menu to the right of the default image.
7. Repeat the process to create additional scorecard element types. Create a second scorecard element
type named Programs.
3.4 Creating and Associating Element Types 3-19
One of the strengths of SAS Strategic Performance Management is its ability to show how one element
type is related to or affects another. For example, each measure in the Parcel Express project will support
a program so that Parcel Express can use the measure to monitor its success in the program. After you
create element types, you establish associations by editing the element type properties.
1. Select Scorecard Element Types in the template table menu. From the New Scorecard Element Type
table, select the drop-down menu to the left of the Measures element type and select Properties.
2. The Scorecard Element Type Properties window opens. In the General section, you can change the
element type’s name, description, image, and diagram settings.
4. The Attribute settings window opens. In the Label field, type Programs supported by
Measures. You use this label because each measure will support a program. You can also add an
optional description.
3.4 Creating and Associating Element Types 3-21
7. Select Allow multiple selections. This option enables you to specify that a measure might support
multiple programs. You will specify associations between Parcel Express’ measures and programs in
Chapter 4, “Adding Data to the Scorecard.”
These steps enable specific programs to be associated with specific goals. The actual associations
between programs and goals are done later in each scorecard.
Repeat the process to enable programs to be associated with goals.
9. From the New Scorecard Element Type table, access the drop-down menu to the left of the Programs
element type and select Properties. The Scorecard Element Type Properties window opens.
15. Select .
3.5 Defining Metric Attributes and Enabling Additional Languages 3-23
Objectives
Explain metric attributes.
Describe the multiple language support available
through SAS Strategic Performance Management.
Provide guidelines and steps for enabling multiple
languages.
Define metric attributes.
Enable a second language.
25
26
3-24 Chapter 3 Creating Templates, Element Types, Metric Attributes, Projects, and Scorecards
Enabling Languages
SAS Strategic Performance
Management provides multiple
language support.
Scorecards in an associated project
can be created in multiple languages.
A language can be one of the following:
traditional languages such as
Japanese or German
non-traditional languages, for
example, the technical jargon
that might be specific to an industry
or company
27
Enabling Languages
Guidelines:
The text is not translated; after
you enable a language, you must
enter the text yourself.
Text on screen is either content
or part of the application interface,
such as menus and message text.
You can translate the content
based on the languages defined
in the template. The application interface
is available in a variety of languages
at installation. Ask your SAS representative
which languages are shipped with the application.
28
You can enter the text within scorecards in multiple languages. The text in menus and on screens
within SAS Strategic Performance Management is entered in one language and might not be
enabled in additional languages. Contact your SAS representative to learn more about the
languages in which the application is available.
3.5 Defining Metric Attributes and Enabling Additional Languages 3-25
1. Select Metric Attributes from the Template table menu in the left side of the window.
2. Select New Metric Attribute. The New Metric Attribute dialog box opens.
3. Type Target in the Metric attribute name field.
4. Select .
5. Repeat the steps to create two more metric attributes named Actual and Performance.
3-26 Chapter 3 Creating Templates, Element Types, Metric Attributes, Projects, and Scorecards
Although SAS Strategic Performance Management uses English as the default language, your business
needs might require that you enable additional languages.
1. To enable a second language, select User-Defined Languages from the Template table menu. Notice
that English is the default language.
5. To select a language so that you can then edit the template, select Template
Select Language for Editing ….
You can then select a language from the Language drop-down menu.
By default, template content is displayed in the default language that was set in the Preferences for
the portal.
Because Parcel Express has divisions only in the United States, no additional languages will
be created in this class. If you choose to create an additional language outside of class, follow
the steps in this demonstration.
3-28 Chapter 3 Creating Templates, Element Types, Metric Attributes, Projects, and Scorecards
Objectives
Create a project.
32
Creating a Project
Recall that a project is a
collection of scorecards that
are arranged in a
hierarchical structure.
33
3.6 Creating a Project 3-29
Creating a Project
From a project, you can create and manage the
following:
projects
templates
scorecards
ranges
forms
column selections
34
Creating a Project
From a project, you can also do the following:
use forms to enter data
perform calculations
view data in the following forms:
− scorecard tables
− aggregate tables
− dashboards
− hierarchies
− diagrams
continued...
35
3-30 Chapter 3 Creating Templates, Element Types, Metric Attributes, Projects, and Scorecards
Creating a Project
From a project, you can also do the following:
export projects
register projects that have been imported
set project options
edit project properties
set project preferences
36
3.6 Creating a Project 3-31
Creating a Project
The wizard takes you through these five steps to build a new project:
• designating a location for the project
• identifying its time dimension and hierarchy properties
• associating a template with the project
• linking to or building a hierarchy
• displaying summary information
Some of these steps require you to make selections and others occur as the result of previous
actions.
3.6 Creating a Project 3-33
3. The Location page of the New Project Wizard specifies the storage location for your project. First,
specify the repository for your project.
The SAS Metadata Repository is a metamodel in which SAS customers store, access, and
manage their enterprise metadata. Repositories are virtual folders in the SAS Metadata
Repository and provide a way to organize metadata, including the metadata of SAS solutions.
With SAS Strategic Performance Management, ensure that all security roles are in the
Foundation repository. It is also suggested that users store their personal projects or reports in
their user ID repository.
4. Select the folder in which you want the project to reside. Select Shared Documents. The folder you
select is important. Although you can choose to create your project in your personal Users folder, it is
better to create the project in a shared folder because a project is meant to be shared among many
people.
5. Select .
6. Identify the project’s properties. Begin with the name. Type Parcel Express Project in the
Project name field.
3-34 Chapter 3 Creating Templates, Element Types, Metric Attributes, Projects, and Scorecards
7. Specify a time dimension and hierarchy. Select the plus sign next to TIME_Default and then select
Standard Time Hierarchy.
3.6 Creating a Project 3-35
8. Select . The template that you created previously is automatically associated with the
project. Notice that the template in which you began creating the new project is highlighted.
3-36 Chapter 3 Creating Templates, Element Types, Metric Attributes, Projects, and Scorecards
If you select Yes as a response to the Import option, the dimensions that were defined in the
Dimension workspace are listed as shown below.
10. In this case, a hierarchy will be created within SAS Strategic Performance Management. Select No to
the Import prompt.
3.6 Creating a Project 3-37
Objectives
Explain the concept of a scorecard.
Create a single scorecard.
39
Creating a Scorecard
Within a project, you can create the following:
a single scorecard
parent, child, and sibling scorecards
When you create multiple scorecards in a project, they
are added into a scorecard hierarchy within that project.
40
3.7 Creating a Scorecard 3-39
Creating a Scorecard
After a template and project are created, you can create a scorecard. When you create a new project, SAS
Strategic Performance Management creates an empty scorecard as a default scorecard. Rename and edit
the default scorecard and make it the top-level scorecard to represent the corporate division of Parcel
Express.
1. Rename the scorecard to reflect the organization within Parcel Express. Highlight the scorecard name
and select Scorecard.
3. The Scorecard Properties window opens. Rename the scorecard by typing Corporate in the
Scorecard name field.
4. Select . You now have the parent scorecard in the scorecard hierarchy.
Chapter 4 Adding Data to the
Scorecard
4.1 Introduction.....................................................................................................................4-3
4.1 Introduction
Objectives
Discuss the various methods of entering data
and values in a scorecard.
Populating Scorecards
You can add data to the element type tables from within
the project. A wizard simplifies the process.
4
4-4 Chapter 4 Adding Data to the Scorecard
5
4.2 Adding Data to Element Tables 4-5
Objectives
Populate the project and scorecard element type
tables in the scorecard.
Create associations between the elements.
8
4-6 Chapter 4 Adding Data to the Scorecard
Associating Elements
After you create element types, you can establish the
possibility for elements to be associated by editing the
element type properties.
The actual associations between element type values
are created after the tables are populated.
9
4.2 Adding Data to Element Tables 4-7
Now that you created the Corporate scorecard, populate the element tables. Notice that when the
scorecard name is highlighted, scorecard element types are displayed.
1. Add elements to the Goals scorecard element table. Make sure that the Goals element table is
selected. If it is not, select Goals from the Element type menu and select .
2. Select . The New Element Wizard opens. Enter the element name
Increase Revenue and Cut Costs.
4-8 Chapter 4 Adding Data to the Scorecard
3. In the Time settings fields, select Month for the Period type. The Period type defines the
intervals at which data is collected for the element.
4. The Start period defines the first interval at which data is collected. The End period defines the last
interval at which data is collected. Leave the Start and End period values set to Float. The float value
means that the period is not set. If you specify actual dates, the element can have values loaded only
for those dates. Using the float value is more convenient and more flexible than entering specific
date values.
You cannot select a specific Start period and select Float as the value for the End period. You
must either select specific values or select Float for both the Start and End periods.
5. Select . The second page of the New Element Wizard opens. If there were additional
scorecards in the project, you can choose to copy the element to the additional scorecards. Because
there is currently only one scorecard, accept the default option, In current scorecard only.
The New Element Wizard does not recognize whether you have a single scorecard or multiple
scorecards in the project. You must select the appropriate location for the new element.
6. Select . You can now see the first row of data in the Goals element table.
4.2 Adding Data to Element Tables 4-9
8. After you populate the Goals element table, populate the Programs element table. Select Programs
from the Element type menu and select .
9. Populate the Programs element table and use the same process that you used to populate the Goals
element table. Use the same values in the Time settings fields. Enter the programs shown
below:
10. After you populate the Programs element table, populate the Measures element table. Select
Measures from the Element type menu and select .
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11. Enter the measures shown below. Use the same values in the Time settings fields that you used
for the Goals and Programs element tables.
Depending on the preferences established for the scorecard, the Measures element table might
display only part of its rows, as shown below. (Modifying preferences is discussed in Chapter
9, “Creating Comments, Project Preferences, and Personal Preferences.”) To see the
remaining elements, select one of the icons to scroll down. The icon enables you to scroll
to the next page of rows. The icon enables you to scroll to the last row of the table. Use
to see only the remaining three measures.
12. Populate the project element type table. Select the name of your project and the project element type
appears.
13. The process to populate the project element type table is the same as the process for populating a
scorecard element type table. Select . The New Element Wizard opens.
4.2 Adding Data to Element Tables 4-11
14. Enter John Smith as the element name. You can add an optional description. Select Month as the
period type, and select Float for the Start and End periods.
16. Select . Add two more entries, as shown below, to complete the Contacts element table.
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2. Select the option Order Rows…. The Order Rows window opens.
3. You can sort all the rows in ascending or descending order, you can move individual rows up or down
one row at a time, or you can move a row to the top or bottom of the list. Select to
maintain the current order of the rows.
4. Notice that the keyword Name above the elements in the element table is active. You can sort the
rows in a table in ascending or descending order by selecting the keyword. Select Name once to sort
the measures in ascending order. Select Name a second time to sort the elements in descending order.
An icon appears beside the element name to indicate whether the rows have been sorted in ascending
or descending order.
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Associating Elements
Recall that within the template, you created the possibility for measures to be associated with programs
and for programs to be associated with goals. Now assign the associations for each of those element
types. There are two ways to associate element types: by editing the properties of the element types or by
using the Diagram Editor. (The Diagram Editor is discussed in detail in Chapter 7, “Creating Diagrams.”)
1. Associate measures with the programs that they support. If the Measures element table is not open,
select Measures from the Element type menu and select .
2. Select the Edit icon beside the name of the first measure, Average cost of each product. Select
Properties from the menu.
4.2 Adding Data to Element Tables 4-15
4. Select .
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5. Repeat the process to associate measures to the appropriate programs, as shown below.
Measures Programs
Percent revenue growth per product Meet profit margin for products
Average number of packages tracked online Provide easily accessible online tracking data
Average number of package inquiries received by Provide easily accessible online tracking data
phone
Average cost per package to move products to Decrease cost of moving packages to
warehouse warehouse
Average job loss time due to preventable accidents Increase employee safety training
per 100 employees effectiveness
Percent of drivers with perfect driving records Increase employee safety training
effectiveness
3. The New Diagram Wizard opens. Enter a name for the new diagram.
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4. Select . Specify which element types you want displayed in the diagram. Select Programs
and Goals. (Hold down the CTRL key in order to select multiple element types.)
You can add or remove element types in the diagram at any time.
5. Select . Specify any associations between the element types that you chose to appear in the
diagram. Notice that the association you previously defined for Programs and Goals is displayed.
Select the association so that it is highlighted.
4.2 Adding Data to Element Tables 4-19
6. Select . The final step in the wizard is a confirmation page. Review your selections.
7. Select . The diagram opens in a default state. You must edit it to establish the associations
between Programs and Goals.
8. Select the Manage Diagrams option on the toolbar.
9. Select the Edit icon beside the diagram’s name and then select Edit….
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10. The Diagram Editor opens. The elements that you selected are displayed but are not in any particular
order. Edit the diagram in order to create associations between the elements.
11. Drag the elements so that you can see them easily.
4.2 Adding Data to Element Tables 4-21
12. Hold down the CTRL key and hold down the left mouse button on the data node for the program
Meet profit margin for products. Drag the mouse pointer to the data node for the goal
Increase Revenue and Cut Costs. Because you defined the association between measure and
program element types previously, the mouse pointer turns into a green check mark. Release the
mouse button to add the link between the two nodes.
13. In addition to dragging the mouse pointer to create a link that assigns the association between element
types, you can double-click on an element and edit its properties in the Edit Element window.
Double-click on the program Reduce overall cost of each product. The Edit Element window opens.
Select the goal Increase Revenue and Cut Costs in the association panel in order to establish the
association between the program and the goal.
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15. Use either element properties or the Diagram Editor to associate programs with the appropriate goals,
as shown below.
Programs Goals
Reduce overall cost of each product Increase revenue and cut costs
Meet profit margin for products Increase revenue and cut costs
Provide easily accessible online tracking data Provide excellent customer service
16. When you finish assigning associations, you can confirm that they were made by navigating to the
Programs element table. Select the Edit icon beside the name of a program and select Properties. In
the Properties window, expand the Attribute Options and Associations section. The association is
displayed.
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Objectives
Create a scorecard for the Beaverton, Oregon,
division of Parcel Express.
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13
4.3 Creating a Child Scorecard 4-25
Create a child scorecard for the Beaverton, Oregon, division of Parcel Express. The Beaverton division of
the company will use the same goals, programs, and measures as the Corporate division. Create a replica
of the parent scorecard for Beaverton.
1. Select the Corporate scorecard to highlight it. Select Scorecard Copy To….
From the Scorecard menu, you can choose one of two options to create a new scorecard. The
New Scorecard option enables you to create a new scorecard and provides an option to
inherit existing elements from the parent scorecard. However, not all features of the parent
scorecard are copied to the new scorecard. Selecting the Copy To option enables you to
duplicate the contents of one scorecard to another, including metric attribute values, formulas,
ranges, and thresholds. With this option, you can also choose to retain associations between
elements.
The Copy To window opens.
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4. Change the scorecard name from Corporate Copy to Beaverton. The option below the
scorecard name enables you to copy child scorecards, if they exist, from the current scorecard to the
new scorecard. There is no need to select the option.
5. The next section of the Copy To window is Copy Options. These options enable you to select specific
attributes to copy from the existing scorecard to the new scorecard.
The Beaverton scorecard is to be an exact replica of the Corporate scorecard, so select all of the
options.
All of the copy options were selected even though some of them were not yet created;
nothing is copied in those instances. These copy options will be practical in a more developed
model.
The Automatic creation of links between elements option is available only if the copy you are
creating is a child of the current scorecard.
4.3 Creating a Child Scorecard 4-27
6. Select to complete the copy process. The Beaverton scorecard now appears in the scorecard
hierarchy.
7. Open the Beaverton scorecard and verify that it is a copy of the Corporate scorecard.
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Objectives
Enter values directly into metric attribute cells.
16
17
4.4 Entering Metric Values 4-29
1. With the Beaverton scorecard open, select Measures from the Element type menu and select .
2. When the Measures element table opens, select the Edit icon beside the first measure,
Average cost of each product. Select Edit Metric Attributes… from the menu.
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3. The Metric Values, Ranges, and Actions window opens. Select Target as the Metric attribute value.
Leave the Display period value set to the default.
4. Select the Target Value option. The Computed value option defaults to Manually entered, which
displays a field in which you can enter a value. Leave the value set to this default.
The two other options for Computed value are Formula-based and Measure-based. The
Formula-based option indicates that a formula will be used to apply the value for this
measure. The Measure-based option supplies a measure on which the element’s value is
based.
5. Enter 3.00 as the Entered value.
4.4 Entering Metric Values 4-31
6. Select the Target Action option to activate it, and select the drop-down menu for the Action field.
The default value is No action. Select Defined. When you select Defined, the Go to field appears.
7. Selecting one of the options in the Go to field associates an action with the Target value entered.
For example, scroll to the bottom of the Go to options and select Launch a URL. When you select
Launch a URL, the Parameters option appears. Enter the value http://www.sas.com/ in the
url field.
8. The final options in the Metric Values, Ranges, and Actions window are target range and time period
values. You can associate a range with a metric attribute by selecting the Target Range option and
specifying the name of the range in the Range field. You did not yet create any ranges; skip this
option.
The last option enables you to specify the time period to which your options apply. Leave the option
set to the default.
9. Select to save and apply the selected options. An information box opens and confirms the
changes that you made.
12. The Target metric attribute is now displayed. You can see the target value entered for the first
measure, which is now active, and when selected, can open the associated Web site.
4.4 Entering Metric Values 4-33
2. In the first option, select the project or scorecards and the elements to edit. In this example,
select Scorecards and . The Select Scorecards window opens. Choose the Selected
scorecards option. Expand the scorecard hierarchy and select the Beaverton scorecard.
4. In the Edit Elements window, select Measures as the value for the Element type option.
4.4 Entering Metric Values 4-35
5. The next option, Select the elements you want to change, enables you to specify the measures for
which you want to enter data. Choosing Selected elements enables you to see a list of the measures in
the Beaverton scorecard and enables you to choose specific measures to edit.
8. The Metric Attribute Properties section enables you to associate properties with the metric attribute.
Select the metric attribute Target and select the Value option. Leave the other options blank for now.
Leave the time period information set to the default.
9. Select beside the Value option. The Values window opens. Type the value 100 in the
Entered value field. Notice that you can assign values to the selected elements by specifying a
measure or by supplying a formula.
4.4 Entering Metric Values 4-37
10. Select to close the Values window. Select to apply the edits and close the Edit Elements
window.
A message appears and indicates that the elements were updated. The value 100 is applied to the
Target column for all measures except for the measure whose value you entered previously.
There is an option that enables you to write over any values previously assigned to an element type.
Under the list of elements is the option Override properties set on an individual
cell. If you selected that option, the Target value of 3 for the measure Average cost of each
product would be overwritten with the value of 100.
You cannot use the bulk data entry capability for Parcel Express scorecards because the
metric values are unique for each measure. However, you might find this capability useful for
applications within your organization. In addition to specifying metric values, you can
modify the formula, range, action, and global and personal thresholds associated with a
metric attribute from within the Edit Elements window.
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Objectives
Create a data entry form.
20
21
4.5 Creating Input Forms 4-39
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23
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Create a data entry form for the metric values in the Parcel Express scorecards. (It does not matter which
scorecard you have open when you create a data entry form.)
1. Select Project Data Entry Forms….
2. Select .
3. Select the metric attributes for which you will collect data and the period type. Select the metric
attributes Target and Actual, and select Month as the period type.
4. Select . Specify the scorecard(s) for which you will collect data. Expand the hierarchy and
select Beaverton.
4.5 Creating Input Forms 4-43
5. Select . Choose the element type for which you will collect data. Select Measures and then
select the option All elements in selected scorecards. The data entry form enables you to enter
Actual and Target values for every measure. Select beside Beaverton. You will see a list of the
measures with each measure selected.
Alternatively, you can choose specific measures for which you will enter data via the data
entry form. Select the option Only the following elements in selected scorecards. Select
specific measures by choosing the box to the left of the measures’ names. A check mark in the
box indicates that a measure was selected.
6. Select . Select the time periods that you want to display in the data entry form. Accept the
defaults so that only a single time period is displayed in the data entry form for clarity.
If you choose to display two or more future and/or past periods, you must select the option
Include periods in between. Otherwise, only one of the future and/or past periods is
displayed.
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7. Select . Set the column layout. Accept the default value, Group by metric attribute. The
form will have the same appearance with either option if you chose to enter data for only one period
on the previous form.
When multiple time periods are included in the form layout, the Group by metric attribute
option displays the data entry columns grouped together by metric attribute. For example, the
Target fields are grouped together and the Actual fields are grouped together for as many time
periods as specified.
The Group by period option displays the data entry columns grouped together by time
periods. For example, if you specify three time periods, the Actual and Target fields are
grouped together for each of the three time periods.
8. Select . The final step in the wizard is to name the form. Enter the name Data Entry
Form.
9. Select . The wizard closes and the form is displayed in the Manage Forms window.
4.6 Using Input Forms to Enter Data 4-45
Objectives
Use a data entry form to enter metric attribute values.
26
27
4-46 Chapter 4 Adding Data to the Scorecard
Use the data entry form you created to enter Actual and Target values for the Beaverton scorecard.
1. If you have the Manage Forms window open, you can select the Edit icon beside the name of the
form and select Enter Data… from the menu. As an alternative, you can click on the name of the
form.
2. If you closed the Manage Forms window, select and then select Data Entry Forms….
4.6 Using Input Forms to Enter Data 4-47
3. The Manage Forms window opens. Select the Edit icon beside the name of the form and select
Enter Data… from the menu, or click on the name of the form.
4. The Data Entry Form opens. Notice that the current month is displayed as well as the Target and
Actual metric attributes, as you specified when you designed the form. The Target values that were
entered previously for this time period are also displayed.
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5. Enter the Target values for the current month, as shown below. Recall that you used the bulk data load
feature to enter a Target value of 100 previously. Type over those values to enter the correct value for
each measure.
Average job loss time due to preventable accidents per 100 employees 6
6. Enter the Actual values for the current time period as shown in the table below.
Average job loss time due to preventable accidents per 100 7.5 7.25 7
employees
Average cost per package to move products to warehouse 2.00 1.85 1.75
8. From the Current period drop-down list, select the previous time period.
The Beaverton Data Entry Form is refreshed.
9. Enter data for the Target and Actual metric attributes and use the charts in steps 5 and 6. Use the
Current Period – 1 column for the Actual values. Remember to select before you change
periods.
If there is time, repeat these steps to enter data for a third time period, the Current Period – 2
column.
4.6 Using Input Forms to Enter Data 4-51
10. Select to close the data entry form. Select again to close the Manage Forms window.
The metric attribute values can now be displayed in the Measures element table in the Beaverton
scorecard.
11. Choose the column selection value All Metric Attributes and select .
All the metric attributes are displayed. You did not yet enter any values for the Performance column.
The metric values for the measure element types represent several different types of values, currency
and percentages, for example. You might find it helpful to format the Target and Actual values.
12. If the Target values are the same type of values for every measure, you can select the Edit icon beside
the column heading and then select Format Column….
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13. The Format Column window opens. Under Number Settings, you can choose how to format the data
values. In this case, a single format will not work for all measures. Accept the default setting of
General.
14. You can also choose the Font Settings options for the text in the column. Accept the default settings.
Because a single format type is not appropriate for the Parcel Express metric values, select to
close the Format Column window.
4.6 Using Input Forms to Enter Data 4-53
15. You can choose to format values individually for each cell. Select the Edit icon beside a measure in
the Measures element table. Select Format Cells… from the menu.
16. The Format Cells window opens. The Number Settings section enables you to select the metric
attributes whose values you want to format. In the Options section, you can choose a format type. You
can select to preview how the values will be displayed before you close the Format Cells
window. Accept the default format type of General.
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17. You can also select font settings. Expand the Font Settings section. Accept the default font settings
for the metric attributes, and select to close the Format Cells window.
4.6 Using Input Forms to Enter Data 4-55
2. The Manage Forms window opens. Select the menu icon beside the name of the data entry form.
Select Add to Portlet….
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3. The Add to Portlet window opens. You can select an existing portlet from the drop-down list or select
Create New Portlet. In this situation, create a new portlet.
4. In the New portlet details section, enter a name for the new portlet. Select the portal page to
which the portlet will be added. Recall that there are two portal pages. Add the portlet to the Parcel
Express page that you created.
5. Select to save the changes and create the portlet. A message indicates that the portlet was
created and added to the portal page successfully.
4.6 Using Input Forms to Enter Data 4-57
7. When a team member needs to enter data, he can navigate to the data entry portlet in the Parcel
Express portal page. In the portlet, he can select the name of the form to open it and enter metric
attribute values.
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Objectives
Create and apply a threshold.
Add an alert portlet to the portal page.
30
Using Thresholds
Thresholds trigger a flag icon that indicates defined
criteria were met. They can also trigger alerts to be
sent to individual users or groups of users via the
Alerts portlet and e-mail.
31
4.7 Creating and Applying Thresholds and Alerts 4-59
Creating a Threshold
When you create thresholds, you assign them to
specific metric types such as Target and Performance.
32
Creating a Threshold
Global thresholds are set by scorecard modelers, who
have access permissions to create scorecards. Global
thresholds are available to every user of a scorecard.
33
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Alerts
If a threshold triggers an alert, users can elect to receive
a warning in the Alerts portlet.
34
4.7 Creating and Applying Thresholds and Alerts 4-61
The management team at the Beaverton, Oregon, division of Parcel Express wants to monitor the
division’s performance carefully in certain areas, particularly customer service. Create a threshold and
apply it to one of the customer service performance measures.
1. Make sure that the Beaverton scorecard is selected and then open the Measures element table. Select
the Edit icon beside the measure Average number of packages lost. Select the menu
option Global Threshold Options….
The Global Threshold Options window opens for the selected measure.
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2. Select the Performance metric attribute in the Select a metric attribute field, and select
the Enable global threshold option.
3. Choose values for the interval type and condition that will trigger an alert. Under Interval type, select
Value. Under Condition, select the less than or equal to symbol (<=). Under Threshold, enter a value
of .70. Apply the threshold condition only to the current period for this exercise.
At the bottom of the Global Threshold Options window there is an option to have
notifications sent to a list of subscribers when an alert is triggered by the threshold.
4.7 Creating and Applying Thresholds and Alerts 4-63
4. Select the option Enable alert notifications. To add a subscriber, select . The Add Users &
Groups window opens. Enter the letter s in the Search field, and select the check box by the Users
option.
5. Select . A list of available user IDs that match the search opens. Select the user ID supplied
by your instructor. (In this example, the user ID is SAS Demo User.)
You will receive alert notifications if the performance value for this measure drops below the
established threshold value.
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7. Select to close the Add Users & Groups window and return to the Global Threshold Options
window. The user ID appears in the Notification and subscription panel.
8. Select to close the Global Threshold Options window. The threshold flag will not appear
automatically. You must specify that you want threshold flags to appear. Select the Customize menu
option.
4.7 Creating and Applying Thresholds and Alerts 4-65
9. The Customize window opens. Expand the Cell Display section. Select Show threshold icon and
then select Global.
Options in the two other sections in the Customize window are discussed in Chapter 9,
“Creating Comments, Project Preferences, and Personal Preferences.”
10. Select to apply the changes and to close the Customize window. The threshold flag will appear,
as necessary, after data metric attribute values are added to the Performance column.
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3. The Add Portlets to Page window opens. Select My Alerts for the Portlet type. Enter a name
for the portlet and, optionally, a description.
4. Select to add the portlet to the portal page. A confirmation message appears.
5. Select to close the Add Portlets to Page window. Then select to close the Edit Page
Content window. The Alerts portlet now appears in the portal page. There are no warnings at this
point because no values for the Performance metric attribute were calculated.
4.8 Creating and Using Formulas 4-67
Objectives
Create formulas and use them to generate metric
attribute values.
37
38
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Use the Formula Editor to calculate values for the Performance metric attribute.
1. In the Measures element table in the Beaverton scorecard, select the Edit icon for the Performance
metric attribute. Select Apply Formula… from the menu.
2. The Apply a Formula to a Column window opens. Because you entered data for two or three months,
change the default value for Apply this formula to the following date. Set the start date to the earliest
month of data that you entered. In this example, data was entered for June and July of 2006; June
2006 is selected as the start date. Select an end date that is at least far enough in the future so that the
last month of data you entered is included. In this example, the end date was set to one year from the
start date.
4.8 Creating and Using Formulas 4-69
3. Select .
4. Select the Data Sources tab in the Formula Editor. Make sure the Beaverton scorecard is selected in
the scorecard tree diagram, and select Target in the Metric Attribute field. Beneath the
Tables field is a list of all the measures. You can apply a formula to specific measures or select
<Current Element> to apply a formula to all measures.
5. Select <Current Element>. Select . The Target column, information about the time period,
and the element chosen appear in both the Variable to Add field and the Expression Text
field.
6. Select from the list of arithmetic symbols, or type the division symbol in the
Expression Text field. Select Actual in the Metric Attribute field and then select
.
8. Select to exit the Formula Editor. Select again to close the Apply a Formula to a Column
window. The calculated values for all measures are displayed in the Performance column.
The threshold flag appears beside the Performance value for the measure Average
number of packages lost.
9. Enhance the appearance of the Performance values. Select the Edit icon in the Performance column
and select Format Column….
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10. The Format Column window opens. In the Number Settings options, select Percentage for the
Type value. Use the default option Format as standard percentage, and specify the number of
decimal places to display as 0. You also can specify optional font settings; accept the defaults for this
example.
Notice, however, that the formula does not correctly calculate performance values for every measure.
The values for the measures Average profit of each product, Percent revenue
growth per product, Average number of packages tracked online, Percent
of employees receiving performance bonus, and Percent of drivers with
perfect driving records are well above 100%. At a glance, the performance values might
lead you to believe that Beaverton is performing extremely well for those measures. However, the
performance measure is not correct and a different formula must be applied to these measures.
4.8 Creating and Using Formulas 4-73
12. Select the Edit icon beside the measure Average profit of each product and then select
Edit Metric Attributes….
13. The Metric Values, Ranges, and Actions window opens. Select Performance in the Metric
attribute field and select . Then select Performance Value. The formula previously assigned
to the Performance metric attribute column is displayed in the Formula definition field.
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14. Select to open the Formula Editor. In the Formula Editor, the formula you
created previously is displayed in the Expression Text field.
15. Delete the current formula in the Expression Text field. Select the Data Sources tab. Now the
name of the measure is highlighted rather than <Current Element>. Change the Metric Attribute value
to Actual and select . Then enter . The first part of the formula is defined.
16. Select Target in the Metric Attribute field and then select .
17. The formula is complete. Select to close the Formula Editor and to close the Metric Values,
Ranges, and Actions window. A message indicates that the new formula was saved.
18. Repeat this process to apply the Actual/Target formula to the Performance value of the four other
measures referenced in step 10 of this demonstration. The revised formula creates performance values
that are appropriate for these measures.
Recall that there is a Functions tab in the Formula Editor. Although you do not use functions
in your formulas, many functions, including functions specific to SAS Strategic Performance
Management, are available for calculations.
4.8 Creating and Using Formulas 4-75
You can also use predefined formulas rather than building a formula in the Formula Editor. Select
. The formula appears in the Formula definition field.
The default predefined formula applies the Sum function to metric attribute values for elements
linked from within children scorecards.
The Sum function is the default function used in the formula. You can select a different function by
using the drop-down menu in the Function field.
To see the formula that was used to calculate a value, select the Edit icon beside the name of
the metric attribute and then select Apply Formula…. The formula is displayed in the Apply
a Formula to a Column window.
You can also see the formula by selecting the Edit icon beside the name of a measure. Select
Edit Metric Attributes….
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The Metric Values, Ranges, and Actions window opens for the measure. Select the appropriate metric
attribute, which is Performance in this case. The formula is displayed in the Formula
definition field.
4.8 Creating and Using Formulas 4-77
Monitoring Alerts
After you applied an appropriate formula, the threshold flag appeared beside the Performance value for
the measure Average number of packages lost. The flag notifies you that the measure’s
performance dropped below the value you established as the threshold.
1. Select the threshold warning flag in the Beaverton Measures table. The Threshold Conditions window
opens.
Information about the offending scorecard, Beaverton in this case, is displayed. The name of the
measure is listed, as are the performance value, the global threshold value, and the difference between
the two. You can open the offending scorecard by selecting its name.
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2. Switch to the Corporate scorecard and look at its Measures element table. Notice that even though
there are no metric attribute values in the table, the threshold flag appears. The threshold flag appears
in the Corporate scorecard element table because the measure in the child scorecard is linked to the
measure in the parent scorecard. To link or unlink a measure, select the edit icon beside the measure
name and then select Link Element….
The Link Element window opens and enables you to link an element to an element in the parent
scorecard. You can also unlink elements from the Link Element window.
Selecting the name of the measure referenced in the alert takes you to the Measures table in the
offending scorecard.
4.9 Applying Weights to Metric Values (Self-Study) 4-79
Objectives
Discuss weighting metric attribute values.
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42
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43
4.9 Applying Weights to Metric Values (Self-Study) 4-81
The executive staff at Parcel Express wants scorecard performance to reflect the fact that some measures
have greater impact on the company’s success than others. Apply weights to measures to reflect their
importance, and calculate the overall achievement of a division based on a weighted performance.
1. Create a new scorecard by making a copy of the Beaverton scorecard. The new scorecard is a child of
the Corporate scorecard and is used to illustrate weighting. Select the Beaverton scorecard to
highlight it. Select Scorecard Copy To… from the menu.
2. The Copy To window opens. Select Corporate so that the new scorecard will be its child. You can
supply a name for the new scorecard, or for this exercise, you can accept the default name of
Beaverton Copy.
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3. In the bottom half of the Copy To window, select the copy options Attribute selections and
Select all options below to ensure that the new scorecard is an exact replica of Beaverton.
5. Select Project Edit Template… from the toolbar to create some additional metric attributes for the
purpose of weight calculations.
4.9 Applying Weights to Metric Values (Self-Study) 4-83
The Template Editor window opens. By default, the first item, Project Element Types, is
highlighted.
6. Select Metric Attributes in order to create the new metric attributes for weighting. The three metric
attributes you created previously are displayed.
7. Select New Metric Attribute. Name the new metric attribute Weight. Select to close the
window and create the new attribute.
8. Repeat the process to add two more metric attributes, as shown below.
The Weight metric attribute contains the weight value assigned to an element. The Weighted
Performance value is the result of the weight applied to the Performance value. The Associated
Weights are used to calculate the weight of all the associated elements.
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9. As a means of associating all the measures to a single element and averaging their values, create a
new scorecard element type. If you are still in the Template Editor, select Scorecard Element Types.
If you closed the Template Editor, select Project Edit Template… from the toolbar. Then select
Scorecard Element Types. The scorecard element types that you created previously are displayed.
11. The New Scorecard Element Type window opens. Assign a name and an optional description to the
new element. You can change the image associated with the element if you want. Leave the Diagram
settings options set to the defaults.
4.9 Applying Weights to Metric Values (Self-Study) 4-85
13. Recall that you previously established relationships among some of the scorecard element types.
Establish the relationship between the Measures element type and the Overall achievement element
type. Select the Edit icon beside Overall achievement and then select Properties.
14. Expand the Attribute Definition section and then select . Complete the
attribute settings as shown below:
16. Go to the scorecard that you created for this demonstration and open the Overall achievement element
table.
17. Add one element type to the table. Select New Element. The New Element Wizard opens. Enter a
name for the new element type.
4.9 Applying Weights to Metric Values (Self-Study) 4-87
20. Accept the default value to add the new element in the current scorecard only. Select to save
the new element and close the wizard.
The new element appears in the table.
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21. Associate all the measures to the overall achievement. Select the Edit icon beside the Overall
achievement element. Select Properties from the menu.
22. The Element Properties window opens. Expand the Attributes section of the window.
4.9 Applying Weights to Metric Values (Self-Study) 4-89
23. Select the measures in the Available elements section and move them to the Elements
linked to section so that they are all associated with overall achievement.
24. Select to save the changes and close the window. A message indicates that the element was
updated.
25. Open the Measures element table and enter weights for the measures. Select the Edit icon beside a
measure and then select Edit Metric Attributes….
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26. The Metric Values, Ranges, and Actions window opens. Enter a value for the Weight metric attribute.
Leave the other options set to the defaults.
You might want to create a data entry form to enter values for the Weight metric attribute.
4.9 Applying Weights to Metric Values (Self-Study) 4-91
27. Select to save the change. Repeat the process to supply weights for all the measures, as shown
below.
The weights do not add up to 100%. Instead, the weights are relative to each other. For
example, a measure with a weight of 2 is twice as important as a measure with a weight of 1
in the calculation of the overall achievement.
28. Create a formula to calculate the values of the Weighted Performance metric attribute. In the
Measures table, select the Edit icon next to the Weighted Performance column heading. Select
Apply Formula… from the menu.
30. Select the Data Sources tab, and make sure that the Data Sources value is set to Scorecards. Select
the Beaverton Copy scorecard if it is not already highlighted.
31. In the list of measures, select <Current Element>. Select Performance in the Metric
Attribute field. Select to add this portion of the formula to the Expression Text
field.
32. Select or type an asterisk in the Expression Text field in order to perform multiplication.
4.9 Applying Weights to Metric Values (Self-Study) 4-93
33. Change the Metric Attribute value to Weight and then select to complete the formula.
34. Select to save the formula and close the Formula Editor. Select to close the Apply a
Formula to a Column window. The calculated values now appear in the Weighted Performance
column.
35. Recall that performance values are percentages. Format the Weighted Performance values. Select the
Edit icon in the column heading and then select Format Column….
36. The Format Column window opens. Set the format type to Percentage and select 0 decimal places.
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37. Select to apply the changes and close the window. The Weighted Performance values now
appear as percentages.
The Weighted Performance values do not mean anything on their own. You use them to
calculate Overall Performance. You can choose not to display the Weighted Performance
column with a column selection, which is discussed in Chapter 5, “Creating and Applying
Thresholds, Ranges, and Column Selections.”
38. Open the Overall achievement element table. Apply a formula to the Associated Weights column to
calculate the sum of all the weight values. Select the edit icon next to the Associated Weights column
heading and select Apply Formula…. The Apply a Formula to a Column window opens. Use a
predefined formula to calculate the sum.
39. In the Pre-defined formulas section, select Associated from current element in the Formula field.
Select Sum in the Function field. Select Measures to overall achievement in the Attribute
field, and Weight in the Metric Attribute field.
4.9 Applying Weights to Metric Values (Self-Study) 4-95
41. Select to save the changes and close the window. The sum of the weight values appears in the
Overall achievement element table.
42. Calculate the performance value for overall achievement by calculating an average of the
performance values of the measures. In the Overall achievement table, select the Edit icon in the
Performance column heading. Select Apply Formula…. The Apply a Formula to a Column window
opens. Use a predefined formula to calculate the average.
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43. In the Pre-defined formulas section, select Associated from current element in the Formula field.
Select Mean in the Function field. Select Measures to overall achievement in the Attribute
field, and select Performance in the Metric Attribute field.
45. Select to apply the formula and close the window. The Performance value appears.
4.9 Applying Weights to Metric Values (Self-Study) 4-97
46. Calculate the Weighted Performance value. Select the Edit icon beside the Weighted Performance
column heading and select Apply Formula. The calculation requires two steps. First, calculate the
sum of the measures’ weighted performance. Use a predefined formula, as shown below.
48. Select the Data Sources tab. Select <Current Element> in the Tables field. Select
Associated Weights in the Metric Attribute field.
50. Select to close the Formula Editor. Select again to close the Apply a Formula to a Column
window and to apply the formula.
The Overall achievement element table now reflects two performance calculations: one that takes the
measures’ weights into consideration and one that does not. In this example, there is little difference
between the two.
Chapter 5 Creating and Applying
Ranges and Column Selections
5.1 Introduction.....................................................................................................................5-3
5.1 Introduction
Objectives
Discuss the uses of ranges and column selections.
Using Ranges
Ranges enable you to plot results against a color-coded
scale, which indicates how close your actual results are to
your desired results. You can also assign labels, colors,
or icons to each range segment.
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5-4 Chapter 5 Creating and Applying Ranges and Column Selections
5
5.2 Creating a Range 5-5
Objectives
Create a range for the Parcel Express scorecards.
Creating a Range
Ranges enable you to plot results against a color-coded
scale, which indicates how close your actual results are
to your desired results.
A range is composed of intervals, each of which can be
associated with a normalized value, a grade, a label, an
icon, and a color.
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5-6 Chapter 5 Creating and Applying Ranges and Column Selections
Creating a Range
When you define a range, you can set lower and upper
bounds and various range segments. The lower and
upper bounds dictate the lowest and highest values that
SAS Strategic Performance Management will use to draw
the graph.
Creating a Range
There are three steps to creating and using a range:
1. Create the range.
2. Apply the range.
3. Create a column selection that displays the range.
10
5.2 Creating a Range 5-7
Creating a Range
Create and apply a range for the Parcel Express scorecard environment.
1. Select Project from the menu bar and then select Manage Ranges….
5-8 Chapter 5 Creating and Applying Ranges and Column Selections
3. The New Range window opens. Enter a name for the range and, optionally, add a description.
A range can contain several intervals, or subsets of data. A lower bound and an upper bound interval
are used to create the spacing of the intervals in a dashboard graph.
Recall that your performance values are percentages. In order to display percentages within a
range, you must specify the interval boundaries as decimal values.
5.2 Creating a Range 5-9
4. Define the intervals for the range by expanding the Interval Definitions section in the New Range
window. Enter the value .45 for the lower boundary of the range in the Boundary value field
and select . A label automatically appears for the lower boundary interval.
5. Choose a color value by selecting the Color Palette icon. Choose an icon by selecting the menu in the
Icon field.
6. Add the next interval by entering .60 in the Boundary value field. Select . Choose a
label, color, and an icon for this interval.
7. Add additional intervals as shown below, and select labels, colors, and icons for each interval.
Values that fall in either the lower-bound interval or the upper-bound interval are displayed in
dashboards. However, the arrow in the dashboard points to the leftmost or rightmost part of
the graph.
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8. Expand the Special Value Definitions section in the New Range window. This optional section
enables you to specify options for missing or unresolved values. (You will not use these options in
your range.)
9. Select to ensure that the intervals are valid. A confirmation message appears.
There are two fields in the Interval Definitions section that you did not use: Grade and
Normalized Value.
You can enter a letter grade that represents an interval in the Grade field. For example, you might
specify the letter grade F for the interval lower boundary interval in this range.
You can enter a value in the Normalized Value field that represents the interval. The normalized
value is similar to the grade value, but it must be numeric.
Assume, for example, that a program has three measures. One measure performs very well, a second
measure performs adequately, and the third measure performs poorly. If management uses the average
of the three metric attributes to determine performance at the goal level, they will see an acceptable
performance value and might not notice that one measure performs poorly.
Normalizing the measures’ performance minimizes the effect of the high performing measure on the
total calculation and gives a better idea of the true performance of each measure.
5.2 Creating a Range 5-11
11. Select to save the range and close the New Range window. The new range is now listed in the
Manage Ranges window.
12. To review or edit the properties of the range, select the range’s name or select the Edit icon beside the
name of the range. The Range Properties window opens.
5-12 Chapter 5 Creating and Applying Ranges and Column Selections
13. To delete a range, select the Edit icon beside the range’s name in the Manage Ranges window. Select
Delete… from the menu.
14. You can also copy ranges in the Manage Ranges window. Select . The Copy Range
window opens.
15. Select the name of the project in which you will copy a range and select .
16. Select the name of the existing range to be copied and select .
17. Enter a name for the new range. The default name assigned to the new range is the name of the
existing scorecard followed by the word Copy. You can also enter an optional description.
5.2 Creating a Range 5-13
18. The interval definitions and their labels, colors, and icons are copied and displayed in the Copy Range
window. If special value definitions were defined in the original range, they are also copied.
Objectives
Create and use a column selection.
13
14
5.3 Creating and Using a Column Selection 5-15
15
16
5-16 Chapter 5 Creating and Applying Ranges and Column Selections
17
5.3 Creating and Using a Column Selection 5-17
Create a column selection to define the metric types to display and the order in which they will occur and
to apply the range you previously created.
1. Select Project from the menu bar and then select Manage Column Selections….
2. The Manage Column Selections window opens. Select the arrow at the end of the List by field to
access the menu. Select Element Types, Associations, or General to list the column selections for
element types, for associations, or for metric attributes that will be displayed in aggregate tables.
5-18 Chapter 5 Creating and Applying Ranges and Column Selections
3. Select General and . Notice that four column selections were created automatically.
The predefined General column selections correspond to the metric attributes that you defined.
4. Select New to continue. The New Column Selection window opens.
5.3 Creating and Using a Column Selection 5-19
5. In the General section of the window, enter a name for the column selection. You also have the option
of entering a description. Notice the option that enables you to share the column selection with other
users. (You will not share the column selection for this training course.)
6. Expand the Definition section of the window. Select the value Element Types for the List by field
if it is not already selected by default. Select . Select the value Measures for the
Selection based on field.
The Element Types option is a column selection that is available only for a specific element
type and only in the main table view. For example, a column selection defined for Goals is
not available for any other element types and is available for the table view only.
Two additional options are available for a hierarchy. You can use them to apply a column
selection to the elements in a table view or to the associations in an association view. You can
also create a column selection that is not connected to element types or associations. The
General column selection is used to display metric attributes in aggregate tables.
5-20 Chapter 5 Creating and Applying Ranges and Column Selections
8. In the Available attributes section, highlight the metric attribute Actual. Select to move the
value to the Attribute options section. You can enter a label for the Actual metric attribute or accept
the default label, which is the name of the metric attribute. Accept the default value of Value for the
Display options field, and accept the default value for the Date options field.
5.3 Creating and Using a Column Selection 5-21
The available choices for the Display options field are metric attribute values, range
colors, range grades, range icons, range labels, and range normalized values. The final
selection is a trend arrow. The Trend Arrow function looks at the metric attribute value for the
current month and compares it to the previous month to determine whether the value is
trending up, down, or constant.
Under Date options, Selected date uses the current date as its value. Date enables you
to select a date value from the calendar. With Relative period, you can specify a time
period rather than a specific date. For example, to use the previous time period, enter -1.
Parcel Express uses month as the time period, so a value of -1 refers to the previous month.
9. Repeat the process to add the Target and Performance metric attributes to the Attribute options
section.
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10. Add the Performance metric attribute to the Attribute options section a second time. Assign a
different label value, and select the option Range Icon in the Display options field. This
column displays the range icons, so you can see how the division is performing.
Options above the names of the metric attributes in the Attribute options section enable you to
change the order of the metric attributes and delete a metric attribute from the column
selection. To use the options, select the check box to the right of the name of the metric
attribute and then select the appropriate option.
11. Select to apply the changes and close the Edit Column Selection window. Select to
close the Manage Column Selections window.
5.3 Creating and Using a Column Selection 5-23
12. To apply the column selection, select the menu for Column selection above the Measure metric
attribute table in the Beaverton scorecard. Select the column selection that you created and select
.
13. To display the range icons in the Performance Range column, select the Edit icon in that column and
select Apply Range….
5-24 Chapter 5 Creating and Applying Ranges and Column Selections
14. The Apply a Range to a Column window opens. Select the name of the range that you created from
the Range menu. Accept the default date option Display date to the last date of the element’s
lifetime. Select .
The range is applied, and the Apply a Range to a Column window closes.
Recall that you can sort the elements in a table in either ascending or descending order based
on any of the columns displayed. You can even sort by the icons displayed for a range. Select
the Performance Range column heading. Initially, the rows are sorted in ascending order, as
evidenced by the icons associated with the interval boundaries of the range. Selecting the
Performance Range column heading a second time sorts the measures in descending order.
Chapter 6 Displaying Element
Associations and Dashboards
6.1 Introduction.....................................................................................................................6-3
6.1 Introduction
Objectives
Discuss element associations, dashboard diagrams,
and alerts.
Element Associations
An association displays relationships between scorecard
element types and their associated attributes in a project
and displays the elements in an association.
4
6-4 Chapter 6 Displaying Element Associations and Dashboards
Dashboards
You can use dashboards to display ranges in a graphical
format.
Alerts
You can receive threshold alerts on the portal page.
6
6.2 Displaying Element Associations 6-5
Objectives
Display associations in the Parcel Express project.
9
6-6 Chapter 6 Displaying Element Associations and Dashboards
Displaying Associations
A wizard simplifies the process of creating an element
association view.
10
6.2 Displaying Element Associations 6-7
Displaying Associations
The New Association Wizard opens. There are five steps to create an association.
6-8 Chapter 6 Displaying Element Associations and Dashboards
5. Name the association and, optionally, supply a description. In a typical project, you might have
several associations; it is beneficial to give them meaningful names.
6. Select . Specify the element type to display at the top level of the association. Select Goals.
6.2 Displaying Element Associations 6-9
7. Select . Select the attribute that is next in the association. Recall that you previously
associated element types. The associated element type is the only option that appears in the Attribute
menu. In this case, the element type is Programs.
The only available value for the Attribute field is displayed; the element type that was associated
with Programs is Measures.
6-10 Chapter 6 Displaying Element Associations and Dashboards
There are no more element types in the menu for the Attribute field. These are the three
for which you previously established associations.
11. You can display the totals and subtotals of rows in the association. You can also apply functions to the
totals and subtotals. For this exercise, accept the defaults.
12. Select . The fifth and final step in the wizard is the summary page. Verify your selections
and select to close the New Association Wizard.
13. Select to exit the Manage Associations window. By default, the new association is created in
both the Corporate scorecard and the Beaverton scorecard. The association is displayed in the
Corporate scorecard when you close the Manage Associations window.
14. Expand the levels within the association in order to see the relationships between the element types.
You can expand the levels one at a time by selecting beside the level.
To expand all the levels at one time, select the Expand All option.
6-12 Chapter 6 Displaying Element Associations and Dashboards
When all levels are expanded, you can see the selected scorecard element types and their relationships
in a single display. Recall that no metric attribute values are created for the Corporate scorecard at
this point.
15. Switch from the Corporate scorecard to the Beaverton scorecard. The metric attributes you entered
previously are displayed for the measures in the association.
6.2 Displaying Element Associations 6-13
16. Perhaps management wants to see the performance values and performance icons in the association.
You previously created a column selection that displays both. Access the drop-down list for Column
selection above the association.
There are five default column selections: one for each metric attribute, one for all metric attributes,
and the default of no column selection. The column selection that you created in Chapter 5 is not
available for the association because column selections are specific to element types. The column
selection you created earlier for the Measures element table is not available for an association. Create
a new column selection for the association.
17. Select Project Manage Column Selections….
18. In the Manage Column Selections window, select Associations as the value in the List by field
and then select .
6-14 Chapter 6 Displaying Element Associations and Dashboards
19. There are no column selections for associations, so select . In the General options section
of the New Column Selection window, supply a name for the column selection.
20. In the Definition section, select the Performance attribute twice. For the first Performance column,
leave all the options set to the default values. In the second Performance column, specify a different
label, and select Range Icon as the value in the Display options field.
21. Select to save the changes and to close the New Column Selection window, and then select
to close the Manage Column Selections window.
6.2 Displaying Element Associations 6-15
22. Return to the association, and choose the column selection you created.
Managing Associations
You can make copies of an existing association and edit its properties.
1. Select the Manage Associations option above the name of the association.
2. The Manage Associations window opens and the new association is listed. Select the Edit icon beside
the name of the association and then select Copy….
The Copy window opens. You can assign a name and an optional description to the new association.
3. You do not need a copy of the original association. Select to close the Copy window.
6.2 Displaying Element Associations 6-17
4. You can edit the properties of an existing association. Select the Edit icon beside the name of the
association in the Manage Associations window and select Properties.
5. The Association Properties window opens. You can change the association’s name and description in
the General options.
6. You can change the levels in an association by adding or deleting attributes in the Association
Definition section.
6-18 Chapter 6 Displaying Element Associations and Dashboards
7. You can edit the subtotaling and totaling options as well as the metric type attribute functions in the
Subtotaling and Totaling section. Select the option Include totals. Select Programs and Measures
under the option Include subtotals for. Specify functions for the metric attributes as shown below.
8. Select to apply the changes, and then select to exit the Manage Associations window.
9. The association now includes the subtotals and totals requested. Recall that you entered metric
attribute values only for Measures; there are no subtotals for Programs and no total for Goals.
In the association view, the existing subtotals are calculated based on the metric attribute values for
each measure associated with a program.
6.3 Displaying Dashboards 6-19
Objectives
Add a dashboard to the portal.
Add an alert portlet to the portal.
13
Displaying a Dashboard
A dashboard can be displayed as a dial, a slider, or a
stoplight. By default, the dashboard is displayed as a dial.
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6-20 Chapter 6 Displaying Element Associations and Dashboards
Displaying a Dashboard
A dashboard displays data ranges in graphical format.
In addition to ranges, you can display comments, history
data, threshold icons, element properties, and the range
values from a dashboard.
15
Receiving an Alert
When you assign thresholds, you can also choose to
receive warnings in a portlet on the portal page.
16
6.3 Displaying Dashboards 6-21
Dashboards are displayed for the element type that was selected at the time you chose the Dashboards
icon. Make sure that the Measures element type is displayed because it is the only element for which
you entered metric attribute values. Although each measure’s performance is represented by a
dashboard, the dashboards might not reflect the data range that you created previously.
6-22 Chapter 6 Displaying Element Associations and Dashboards
2. Set the value in the Metric Attribute field to Performance and select . The
performance metric attribute is the only attribute to which the range was applied. Color coding should
now appear in the dashboards.
6.3 Displaying Dashboards 6-23
Customizing a Dashboard
You can change the default settings of a dashboard and specify your preferences. Investigate the settings
for the dashboards that you surfaced in the Beaverton scorecard.
2. Expand each section of options. The Graph Type and Indicators section enables you to choose the
graph type and a secondary indicator.
3. The Threshold Display options enable you to apply thresholds to the dashboards.
4. The Additional Information Display options enable you to link to historical trends, comments, and
element properties from a dashboard and to display the range values in the dashboards. Your
dashboards already have access established for trend charts and comments. Select the check box by
the Properties option and the one by the Range Values option as well.
Selecting the Historical Trend Chart option displays the Historical Trend Chart icon in the
dashboard and links to the historical trend chart for the selected element type. Selecting the
Comments option displays the Comment icon in the dashboard and opens the comments that are
related to the selected element type. Selecting the Properties option displays the Properties icon on
the dashboard and displays the properties of the selected element.
You can remove the links by deselecting the options.
6.3 Displaying Dashboards 6-25
The Size, Rows, and Columns options enable you to change the size of the dashboards, and the Rows
and Columns options enable you to specify how many rows and columns to enable for the display of
dashboards. Change the value for the Columns option to 5.
5. Select to apply changes and close the Customize window. Now five dashboards are displayed
per row. The dashboards have icons for trend charts, comments, and properties, and display the range
values.
You might want to modify the options to make the dashboards easy to read and informative.
6. Select the icon for the historical trend on a dashboard.
6-26 Chapter 6 Displaying Element Associations and Dashboards
7. The Historical Trend graph opens for the measure that you selected. By default, the Period option
displays the most recent time period. You can choose a different time period from the drop-down
menu. In this example, data was entered for two time periods. Three data points indicate the metric
attribute values that you entered.
8. Select the Customize option. The Customize Historical Trend options appear. You can specify which
metric attributes and how many time periods to display.
6.3 Displaying Dashboards 6-27
9. Accept the default settings and close the Historical Trend window.
The Element Properties window opens and displays the properties for the measure whose dashboard
you selected.
Skip the Comment icon for now. Comments and additional ways to customize the look of the
dashboards are discussed in detail in Chapter 9, “Creating Comments, Project Preferences,
and Personal Preferences.”
6-28 Chapter 6 Displaying Element Associations and Dashboards
4. Select the option Performance Dashboard from the menu in the Portlet type field.
6-30 Chapter 6 Displaying Element Associations and Dashboards
5. Enter a name in the Name field. You can also add an optional description and keywords.
6. Select . A message opens and to notifies you that the portlet was added.
7. Select . In the Edit Page Content window, move the new portlet to column 2.
6.3 Displaying Dashboards 6-31
8. Select . The portlet now appears on the portal page but must be edited for content. Select
Edit Portlet….
The Edit Performance Dashboard Portlet window opens. The General section of the window contains
the name, description, and keywords for the portlet that you entered.
9. The next section of the window, the View Selection, enables you to specify the template that you want
to use and the element type that you want to display. Select the Parcel Express Template and the
Measures element type.
10. Select . The Add Items to Portlet window opens. Select the name of your project in the
Project name field, if necessary, and select the Beaverton scorecard in the Scorecards
section. In the Items section, choose a few measures to display.
There are Select All and Clear All options at the bottom of the Items panel.
11. Select . The measures that you selected appear in the Items to display in portlet panel.
You can change the order of the measures by using the boxes and arrows at the right side of the panel.
The Element Filter panel gives you the option to filter the elements that will be displayed in the
portlet. The default value for the Show option is No Filter.
6.3 Displaying Dashboards 6-33
You can apply filters that are based on thresholds to determine which elements will be displayed in
the portlet. Notice the options that are available for the filter.
In the Graph Type section, you can change the graph type as well as the size of the graph.
The Rows and Columns section enables you to specify the number of rows and columns for display.
13. In the Indicators section, select Performance as the value in the Primary indicator field. Do
not select the Show secondary indicator option.
Displaying a secondary indicator is helpful only if the secondary indicator is on the same
scale, or normalized, with the primary indicator.
With the Date options, you can choose to display the most current data or to always have the
dashboards appear with data for a particular date.
6.3 Displaying Dashboards 6-35
The Text options enable you to control how text associated with the dashboard appears.
The Icons section enables you to specify if you want Threshold, Historical Trend, or Comments icons
to appear.
6-36 Chapter 6 Displaying Element Associations and Dashboards
The Language option enables you to specify the language to use for display.
14. Select . The Edit Performance Dashboard Portlet window closes, and the dashboards appear in
the portlet.
Notice the trend arrows on each dashboard. SAS Strategic Performance Management
compares the current time period to the previous time period in order to determine the trend.
Selecting a measure name in a dashboard takes you to the Measures element type table in the
appropriate scorecard.
Chapter 7 Creating Diagrams
7.1 Introduction.....................................................................................................................7-3
7.1 Introduction
Objectives
Discuss diagrams and their components.
Defining Diagrams
A diagram is a graphical way of representing elements,
their relationships to one another, and their respective
scores.
A diagram is a way to represent the same quantitative
information found in tables but in a much more intuitive
and communicative way. It allows for the representation of
results in the context of the strategy, and provides
answers not only to the question “How well are we
doing?” but also to the question “Why is this important?”
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7-4 Chapter 7 Creating Diagrams
Defining Diagrams
Diagrams can be based on project element types or
scorecard element types.
Diagram Components
Diagrams can contain two layers: a data node layer and a
shape layer.
6
7.1 Introduction 7-5
Diagram Components
The data node layer in a diagram consists primarily of
nodes that represent the elements in a scorecard or a
project and their associations.
A data node contains all of the data and metadata that are
associated with an element, such as its labels, attributes,
associations, and values.
Diagram Components
The shape layer consists of shapes, text, and images and
sections. Both shapes and sections can be used to
contain the data nodes in order to better represent the
data.
8
7-6 Chapter 7 Creating Diagrams
Diagram Components
Sections are movable and resizable rectangles that are
bound to an element and that can be used to organize
nodes in a diagram.
10
7.2 Creating a Diagram 7-7
Objectives
Create a diagram for the Parcel Express scorecard
project.
12
Creating Diagrams
Create a diagram that illustrates part of the organization’s
strategy.
13
7-8 Chapter 7 Creating Diagrams
Creating a Diagram
Navigate to the Beaverton scorecard within the Parcel Express project and create a diagram.
1. To create a diagram, select the Diagram icon on the toolbar.
Recall that you created a diagram named Associations to assign element associations in Chapter 4,
“Adding Data to the Scorecard.” The existing diagram appears by default when you select the
Diagram icon.
7.2 Creating a Diagram 7-9
4. Select . Select the element types that you want to display in the diagram. For now, leave the
element types blank. You can add or modify the element types in a diagram at any time.
5. Select . Select the associations between the element types. Because you did not select any
element types to display, there are no associations to select.
8. To see the new diagram, select its name in the list of diagrams in the Manage Diagrams window.
9. The diagram opens in a default state. Recall that you did not select any element types to display, so
the diagram is currently empty.
Objectives
Edit the diagram that you previously created.
16
Editing Diagrams
You can use the Diagram Editor to change the
appearance of a diagram and to create new associations.
17
7.3 Editing a Diagram 7-13
Editing Diagrams
In a diagram, you can edit the following:
data nodes
links
containers
flexible lines
text boxes
image boxes
sections
shapes
diagram settings
18
7-14 Chapter 7 Creating Diagrams
Editing a Diagram
2. Select the Edit icon beside the diagram’s name and choose Edit….
The Diagram Editor opens. Edit the diagram to add information and to make it easier to read and
interpret.
3. Add a background image to the diagram. Select the Shapes option on the menu bar and then select
New Image.
7.3 Editing a Diagram 7-15
4. Expand the folder named /images/customer. Select the image named Oregon-roadmap2.gif.
5. Drag and resize the image so that it evenly fills the Diagram Editor. You might find it helpful to
reduce the size of the image of the diagram from 100% to 75%. Change the value in the Zoom menu
option on the tool bar of the Diagram Editor.
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6. Leave some blank space between the top of the Diagram Editor and the image so that you can insert
text later.
7. Add an element type to the diagram. Select Elements Show/Hide… from the menu.
7.3 Editing a Diagram 7-17
8. The Edit Element Types and Elements window opens. Select the Programs element type. If you
double-click on the element name, its folder expands to display a list of all the program elements. You
can choose to display all the elements or only some of them.
9. Accept the default to add all the programs to the diagram. Select OK. The element types are added to
the diagram in no particular order.
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1. Move the elements so that they are not overlapping. Because only the text of the elements is
displayed, the elements are difficult to read when moved onto the map. Change the properties
of the elements so that the text is displayed within a shape. Select Elements Element Type
Properties Programs.
2. The Element Type Properties window opens. Select the Appearance tab and select Rectangle for the
element shape.
7.3 Editing a Diagram 7-19
3. Retain the defaults of the other options. Select OK. The elements now appear inside rectangles.
4. You can apply background colors to the rectangles. To apply the background color of your choice,
select Elements Element Type Properties Programs from the menus. The Element Type
Properties window opens. Select the Appearance tab. Notice the Colors section at the bottom of the
window. You can change the border color of the rectangle as well as its foreground and background
colors.
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5. Rather than applying static background colors to the element shapes, apply threshold colors that
indicate how well the organization is performing. Select the Contents tab in the Element Type
Properties window.
6. In the Elements and attributes section at the top of the window, select Performance in the Show
metric attributes field. At the bottom of the window, choose the option Show range color as
object background color. Choose the Performance metric attribute in the Base background
color on metric attribute field. Select OK to apply your selections.
You chose to display the range color for the performance metric attribute as the background color for the
program element types. However, you did not yet establish a performance value for the program element
type. Save the changes to the diagram and close the Diagram Editor.
2. Select Programs in the Element type field, select Performance in the Column selection
field, and select Go.
3. Select the Edit icon beside the Performance column heading and choose Apply Formula… from the
menu.
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4. Use one of the pre-defined formulas to calculate the performance values. In the Predefined formulas
section of the Apply a Formula to a Column window, select Associated to current element in the
Formula field. Choose Mean for the Function field.
When you supplied the value for the Formula field, a value was automatically supplied in
the Attribute field. Recall that the attribute is one of two attributes that you assigned to
the program element type in the template.
7.3 Editing a Diagram 7-23
5. Choose Performance as the value in the Metric Attribute field. Leave the date options set to
the default value.
6. Select Add Predefined Formula to apply the formula to the performance column. Select OK to
close the window and calculate the performance values.
Create a column selection that displays range colors for the program performance values.
1. Select Project Manage Column Selections.
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2. The Manage Column Selections window opens. Select Element Types in the List by field in order
to create a column selection that applies to a scorecard element type. Select Go.
3. Select New to create a new column selection. The New Column Selection window opens.
4. Enter a name for the new column selection and, if desired, an optional description in the General
section of the window.
5. Expand the Definition section of the window. In the List by field, select Element Types and select
Go. In the Selection based on field, select Programs and select Go.
6. In the Available attributes window, select the Performance metric attribute and select Add to move
the metric attribute to the Attribute options field.
7.3 Editing a Diagram 7-25
7. Change the value in the Display options field to Range Color. Optionally, you can change the
default label for the performance metric attribute.
1. Open the Diagram Editor. Range colors now appear as the background colors for the Program
element types. If Range icons appear on the data nodes, you can suppress them by selecting
File Diagram Settings in the Diagram Editor.
2. The Edit Diagram Properties window opens. Deselect the option Show indicators to suppress the
range indicators.
4. Modify the diagram further to display the performance values as well as the range colors and to hide
the Element icon so that it does not appear in the data nodes.
5. Select Elements Element Type Properties Programs. The Element Type Properties window
opens. Select Performance in the Show metric attributes field in order to display
performance values within the data nodes. Select Hide element type icon to suppress the program
element type icon. Select OK to save the changes.
The edits caused the amount of information in the data nodes to change; some of the text
appears outside of the data node rectangles. Also, the Performance icon you previously
assigned to the performance range appears in the data nodes.
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6. To suppress the Performance icon, select File Diagram Settings. The Edit Diagram Properties
window opens. Deselect the Show indicators option and select OK.
7. You can change the size of a single data node by right-clicking on the node. Select Properties from
the menu. The Edit Element window opens. Change the value in the Width and Height fields so
that the size of the node accommodates the text inside it. Select OK to apply the change. You might
need to experiment to find height and width values that are appropriate.
7.3 Editing a Diagram 7-29
8. To change the width and height values of all the data nodes, select Elements Element Type
Properties Programs. The Element Type Properties window opens. Choose the Appearance tab,
and deselect the Size to fit option. Enter values for the Width and Height fields; notice that the
width and height values are measured in pixels. You might need to experiment to obtain appropriate
values.
1. Add a title to the diagram. Select Shapes New Text. The Enter Text window opens. Enter the
company name as the title.
2. Select OK to apply the title. The title can be added anywhere in the diagram. Drag it to the top of the
Diagram Editor window.
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3. Modify the appearance of the title by double-clicking on it. You can also right-click on the title and
select Edit from the menu. The Shape properties window opens.
4. Select the Appearance tab. Change the value of the Foreground color option to apply a color to the
text. Change the value of the Font option to increase the size of the text. You can also change the
style, width, and color of the border of the text box.
5. Select the HTML tab, and enter the URL http://www.sas.com in the Hyperlink field.
6. From the Position tab, you can change the position, alignment and depth of the title.
7. Select to apply the changes. Make any final modifications to the diagram, save it, and close
the diagram editor window. Select the diagram in the Beaverton scorecard to view it and test the URL
you associated with the diagram title.
7.3 Editing a Diagram 7-31
1. You can add sections to a diagram by selecting an element type whose values will represent sections.
In the Diagram Editor, select Sections Add Sections….
2. The Add Sections window opens. Select an element type and drag it to the Diagram Editor to create
sections. If you drag the folder to the Diagram Editor, all the elements are added to the diagram.
Alternatively, you can double-click on the folder and drag only certain elements to the Diagram
Editor. After dragging the elements to the Diagram Editor, close the Add Sections window.
Each element represents a section in the Diagram Editor.
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3. Edit a section by right-clicking inside it and selecting Edit. The Shape properties window opens. The
changes that you can make from within the Shape properties window are as follows.
Name for Language The text that is typed here is the label that accompanies the container in the
diagram. There is a Name for Language field for each language that
you defined.
Foreground color This property applies to any text that is associated with the container. For
black text, leave the cell empty. To select a color, click the Color button
and select a color from the palette, or type a hex value for the color. Move
the slider to select a saturation value (transparency), or type a value in the
field to the left of the slider.
Background color The region inside the boundaries of the container is filled with the
background that is selected here. To select a color, click the Color button
and select a color from the palette, or type a hex value for the color. Move
the slider to select a saturation value (transparency), or type a value in the
field next to the slider.
Use Gradient This property specifies a gradient in the background color. Click the Color
button and select a color from the palette, or type a hex value for the color
in the Background Color2 field. Move the slider to select a saturation
value (transparency), type a value in the field next to the slider, or click the
arrows in the field next to the slider to increase or decrease the saturation
value. Click the Gradient button to determine the direction of the gradient.
Font This property applies to any text that is associated with the container. To
use the default font, leave the cell empty. To select a font, click the Font
button and select a font, font style, and font size.
Left This is the distance in pixels between the left border of the container and
the left border of the diagram.
Top This is the distance in pixels between the top border of the container and
the top border of the diagram.
Width This is the width of the container in pixels. You can change the width by
dragging the handles of the container or by typing a different number here.
Height This is the height of the container in pixels. You can change the height by
dragging the handles of the container or by typing a different number here.
X Alignment The position of any associated text along the horizontal axis is controlled
by this setting. The available choices are Left, Center, and Right.
Y Alignment The position of any associated text along the vertical axis is controlled by
this setting. The available choices are Top, Center, and Bottom.
Text Orientation The orientation of any associated text is controlled by this setting. The
available choices are Horizontal and Vertical.
7.3 Editing a Diagram 7-33
Border Style The border of the container has the style that is selected here. Select a style
from the drop-down list. The differences between the border styles become
more apparent as the border width increases.
Border Width The border of the container has the width that is specified here. Type the
width of the border in pixels.
Border Color The border of the container has the color that is selected here. For a black
border, leave the cell empty. To select a color, click the Color button and
select a color from the palette, or type a hex value for the color. Move the
slider to select a saturation value (transparency), or type a value in the field
next to the slider.
Hyperlink If you type a URL in this field, then clicking this container displays the
Web page that is designated by the URL.
Hyperlink Target This parameter sets the value of the TARGET attribute for the specified
URL. This attribute determines how the designated content is displayed.
HTML If you specify a JavaScript command in this field, the command is active in
the displayed diagram. For example, if you enter the command
on-mouseover=alert('Revenue Growth'), then the message
"Revenue Growth" is displayed in a pop-up box when a user moves the
mouse pointer over this container.
As you edit a diagram in the Diagram Editor, you can undo changes. If you did not save the
change to a diagram, you can cancel the change by selecting File Revert to Saved. The last
saved version of the diagram is displayed.
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7. You can sort element types into sections. For example, if you add the Programs element types to the
diagram, you can sort them into the appropriate sections based on the association you established
between programs and goals. Right-click on a program element type. From the menu, select the
option Sort All of This Type By Attribute.
8. The Sort window opens. Select the attribute on which you want to sort the program elements. In this
scenario, the only available attribute is Goals supported by Programs. Select Goals supported by
Programs so that it is highlighted.
10. Select . The elements are sorted into the appropriate sections.
7.3 Editing a Diagram 7-35
1. To hide an element, select Elements Show/Hide in the Diagram Editor. The Edit Element Types
and Elements window opens. Expand the element type folder to see a list of all the elements. Deselect
any elements that you want to exclude from the diagram.
You can also hide an element by right-clicking on it in the diagram editor and selecting Hide.
7-36 Chapter 7 Creating Diagrams
2. You can delete elements from within a diagram. To delete an element, right-click on it and select
Delete from the menu. A dialog box warns that deleting the data node deletes the element from the
element type table and asks for confirmation.
Hiding or showing elements in a diagram does not affect the underlying data. Be aware,
however, that when you delete a data node from a diagram, you delete the underlying element
and all values for the element in the database for the scorecard.
3. You can add a new element to an element type table from within a diagram. Select Elements
New….
4. The New Element window opens. Select an element type and a time period type.
5. Select OK. The new element appears as a data node in the diagram.
7.3 Editing a Diagram 7-37
6. Right-click on the new element and select Properties. The New Element window opens. You can
enter the name of the new element and specify its association to another element type.
7. You can apply a shape other than those provided to an element. Select Elements
Element Type Properties. Select an element type. The Element Type Properties window opens.
Select the Appearance tab. Rather than selecting a value for the Element shape field from the menu,
select .
The Select Drawing window opens and provides access to an images folder. You can upload your
own images to the images folder and use them within the diagram.
9. You can specify how the text should fit in the data node, change the border of the node, and specify
colors. The default background color is white.
7.3 Editing a Diagram 7-39
10. Edit element associations by selecting Elements Associations in the Diagram Editor. The Edit
Associations window opens. Expand the element type folders to see and select associations.
Links depict associations between data nodes. The associations are represented by lines in the diagram.
You can create links between elements within a diagram and thereby establish associations. If the
association is defined between a source node and a target node, you can build a link between the two.
Recall that you defined associations in the template in Chapter 3, “Creating Templates, Element Types,
Metric Attributes, Projects, and Scorecards.” You used the Diagram Editor to assign associations among
individual elements in Chapter 4, “Adding Data to the Scorecard.”
7-40 Chapter 7 Creating Diagrams
1. You can edit the appearance of the links in a diagram. Select File Link Settings.
You can set the color, type, style, and width of the link. You can also assign a value to each end of the
link and assign colors to the ends.
7.3 Editing a Diagram 7-41
2. You can add additional points to a line. Right-click on one end of a link and select
Link Insert Point.
When the additional point is added to the line, you can move the point in order to change the shape of
the link.
3. To delete a point, right-click on one end of the link and select Link Delete Point.
1. You can copy a diagram from one scorecard to another within a project. Copy the diagram you
created in the Beaverton scorecard to the Corporate scorecard. In the Diagram Editor, select
File Copy Diagram….
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The Replace existing option enables you to replace a diagram by the same name if it exists in
the scorecard to which you are copying a diagram.
2. Double-click on the name of the Corporate scorecard to expand the scorecard hierarchy. Select the
Corporate scorecard to highlight it.
7.3 Editing a Diagram 7-43
4. To export a diagram, select File Export in the Diagram Editor. The Save window opens so that
you can save the diagram to an external location.
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Chapter 8 Creating and Managing a
Scorecard Hierarchy and Creating
Aggregate Views
8.1 Creating and Managing a Scorecard Hierarchy...........................................................8-3
Objectives
Explain the concept of a scorecard hierarchy and
the importance of planning a hierarchy.
Identify the operations that you can perform on a
scorecard.
Create two child scorecards.
Rename a child scorecard.
Delete a child scorecard.
Reorder and move scorecards within a hierarchy.
4
8-4 Chapter 8 Creating and Managing a Scorecard Hierarchy and Creating Aggregate Views
6
8.1 Creating and Managing a Scorecard Hierarchy 8-5
8
8-6 Chapter 8 Creating and Managing a Scorecard Hierarchy and Creating Aggregate Views
Deleting a Scorecard
You can delete a scorecard from
within the scorecard hierarchy.
Beware that if you delete the
parent scorecard, you also
delete all the child scorecards.
9
8.1 Creating and Managing a Scorecard Hierarchy 8-7
Beaverton was created with the stipulation that it inherit element data from Corporate.
1. To create a scorecard named Boise, select Beaverton in the scorecard hierarchy.
2. Select Scorecard Copy To....
8-8 Chapter 8 Creating and Managing a Scorecard Hierarchy and Creating Aggregate Views
3. The Copy To window opens. Select a location for your scorecard. Ultimately, this scorecard will be a
child of the Corporate scorecard. However, you want the Boise scorecard to inherit the values that are
in the Beaverton scorecard. Create Boise as a child of Beaverton initially. Highlight Beaverton in the
Location tree.
4. In the next section of the window, enter Boise as the scorecard’s name.
5. The next section of the Copy To window is Copy Options. These options enable you to select specific
attributes to copy from the existing scorecard to the new scorecard. The Boise scorecard is to be an
exact replica of the Beaverton scorecard, so be sure to select all of the options.
Recall that the option Automatic creation of links between elements is available only if the
copy is a child of the current scorecard.
8.1 Creating and Managing a Scorecard Hierarchy 8-9
6. Select to complete the copy process. The Boise scorecard appears in the Scorecard hierarchy.
You might need to refresh the view of the hierarchy in order see the new scorecard. Select the Refresh
icon on the toolbar.
Beaverton was copied to create the Boise scorecard. Boise is to be a replica of Beaverton in
many aspects. Copying attributes from Beaverton to Boise means that the attributes do not
have to be re-created in the future, which saves time and effort.
You might find it useful to copy scorecards if they share similarities. Editing a copied
scorecard might be simpler than creating a new scorecard.
7. Select Boise to open the scorecard and verify that it inherited elements from Beaverton. Open the
Measures table. The metric attribute values and formulas were copied. However, you might need to
calculate the project in order for the Performance metric attribute values to be generated and
displayed. Select Project Calculate….
8-10 Chapter 8 Creating and Managing a Scorecard Hierarchy and Creating Aggregate Views
8. The Calculate window opens. For this example, you can leave the options set to the defaults.
9. Select Calculate. An information window opens with a message about the calculation.
10. Close the window and select the Refresh icon to see the Performance values in the Boise scorecard.
8.1 Creating and Managing a Scorecard Hierarchy 8-11
11. Create a scorecard for the Seattle office. Make the Seattle scorecard a replica of the Beaverton
scorecard also, but make it a child of Corporate in the scorecard hierarchy. Select Beaverton and
choose Scorecard Copy To….
You can also copy a scorecard by selecting the scorecard that you want to copy and then
selecting Scorecard New Scorecard…. However, not all features of the original scorecard
are copied to the new scorecard.
12. The Copy To window opens. Highlight Corporate to make it the parent of the Seattle scorecard.
Specify a name for the new scorecard.
13. In the Copy Options section of the Copy To window, select all available options.
The Automatic creation of links between elements option is not available because Seattle is
not a child of the scorecard that you copied.
8-12 Chapter 8 Creating and Managing a Scorecard Hierarchy and Creating Aggregate Views
2. The Move window opens. Select the Corporate scorecard to indicate that Boise will become its
child.
8.1 Creating and Managing a Scorecard Hierarchy 8-13
3. Select to complete the process. Boise now appears as a child of Corporate in the scorecard
hierarchy.
Linking Elements
Recall that while both the Boise and Seattle scorecards are copies of the Beaverton scorecard, Boise was
initially created as a child of Beaverton and Seattle was created as a child of Corporate. The primary
difference between the two is that the Seattle scorecard did not get the automatic creation of links
between its elements and the scorecard elements of its parent. The option to create the links between
elements was not available because Seattle was not created as a child of the scorecard that you copied.
1. To determine the impact of the links between elements, open the Measures table in the Seattle
scorecard.
The Seattle scorecard received a copy of the metric attribute values, formulas, and the threshold
established in the Beaverton scorecard.
8-14 Chapter 8 Creating and Managing a Scorecard Hierarchy and Creating Aggregate Views
2. Open the Measures table in the Corporate scorecard to verify which scorecard elements are linked to
the parent scorecard.
3. Select the threshold flag in the Performance column. The Threshold Conditions window opens.
Only the Beaverton and Boise scorecards appear because the Seattle elements are not linked to the
Corporate elements.
8.1 Creating and Managing a Scorecard Hierarchy 8-15
4. To establish a link between a measure in the Seattle scorecard and the Corporate scorecard, open the
Measures table in the Seattle scorecard. Select the Edit icon beside the measure Average number
of packages lost. Select Link Element….
5. The Link Element window opens. Select the Corporate scorecard so that the measure in Seattle will
be linked to Corporate. Specify the element in the Corporate scorecard to which you want to link the
measure in the Seattle scorecard. Select the same measure, Average number of packages lost, in the
Link to element field.
6. Select to complete the process and close the Link Element window. An information window
confirms that the measure is now linked.
7. Open the Measures table in the Corporate scorecard, and select the threshold flag. Now the Threshold
Conditions window displays all three child scorecards.
1. To delete the Seattle scorecard, select Seattle in the scorecard hierarchy and select Scorecard
Delete.
A warning appears.
The Scorecard Properties window opens and displays the properties for the Boise scorecard.
3. On the Reorder Scorecards page, select the desired scorecard and click the up arrow or down arrow to
move the scorecard up or down in relation to the other elements. Select (the Move to First icon) or
(the Move to Last icon) to move the scorecard to the beginning or the end of the list of
scorecards. To sort the scorecards in ascending or descending alphabetical order, select
Sort Ascending or Sort Descending.
4. Select OK to close the page and save your changes. A message indicates that your scorecards are
reordered.
If you do not want to make any changes, select to close the page without saving
your changes.
8.2 Alternative Methods for Populating a Scorecard 8-21
Objectives
Edit a form layout.
Use predefined formulas to roll data up from child
scorecards.
12
8-22 Chapter 8 Creating and Managing a Scorecard Hierarchy and Creating Aggregate Views
Eugene has only the values that were entered into the Beaverton scorecard. To edit these values in the
Eugene scorecard, the data entry form that was created in Chapter 4 must be edited. Alternatively, a new
data entry form can be created to enter metric values for any new scorecards.
1. Select Project Data Entry Forms….
2. Select (the Edit icon) next to the data entry form you created previously. Select Edit… from the
menu.
8.2 Alternative Methods for Populating a Scorecard 8-23
3. The Edit Form wizard opens. Select to go to step 2 in the wizard. Expand the Scorecard
menu and select the check box for Eugene.
Beaverton should be selected by default. Ensure that it is selected before moving on to the
next step.
4. Continue selecting until you get to step 6 in the wizard. Because the form is now valid for
the Beaverton and Eugene scorecards, change the name of the form to Beaverton & Eugene
Data Entry Form. Select Finish to save the changes.
5. The Manage Forms window opens. You can select the Edit icon beside the name of the form and
select Enter Data, or you can click on the name of the form.
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8. Select to navigate to the last three measures and enter the values shown below.
11. Select Close to close the data entry form. Select Close again to close the Manage Forms window. The
metric attribute values now appear in the Measures element table.
12. To refresh the values for the Performance metric attribute, select Project Calculate to calculate
and display the new values.
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13. The Calculate window opens. Choose the Select by period option and maintain the current values for
the date range.
15. Close the dialog box. Refresh your screen by selecting the refresh icon on the project tool bar. The
Measures table is updated.
8.2 Alternative Methods for Populating a Scorecard 8-27
1. Select Corporate in the scorecard hierarchy and select Measures in the Element type list.
Select . Notice that all of the metric values are empty.
2. In the Actual column, open the menu and select Apply Formula….
3. The Apply a Formula to a Column Window opens. Use a predefined formula to set the Actual values
for the Corporate scorecard to equal the average of the Actual values for the child scorecards. In the
Pre-defined formulas section, select Mean from the drop-down menu in the Function field. Retain
the default selection of Children of the current element in the Formula field.
8-28 Chapter 8 Creating and Managing a Scorecard Hierarchy and Creating Aggregate Views
4. Select Add Predefined Formula to activate the formula. The formula appears in the Formula
definition box.
5. Accept the default values for the date fields, and select OK.
6. In the Measures table, the Target values are present.
8.2 Alternative Methods for Populating a Scorecard 8-29
7. You can format the values by selecting Format Column… from the menu in the Actual column.
8. The Format Column window opens. Select Number as the value in the Type field. Select Other for
the value in the Set the options to apply to selected type field. Select 2 for the
number of decimal places.
Objectives
View aggregate tables.
Create a column selection for aggregate tables.
16
8.3 Displaying Aggregate Tables 8-31
17
18
8-32 Chapter 8 Creating and Managing a Scorecard Hierarchy and Creating Aggregate Views
Now that the parent and child scorecards are created, you can display an aggregate table to display the
data from the selected scorecard and all of its children.
1. Display an aggregate table for the Corporate scorecard so that aggregate data is also displayed for
Beaverton and Eugene. With the Corporate scorecard active, select the Aggregate Tables icon.
2. The aggregate table is created automatically and displays data aggregated by default settings. Modify
the settings so that Measures are displayed along with the Performance metric attribute for the current
date.
3. Select Measures for the Element type field, select Performance for the Column selection
field, and select Go.
The aggregate table now displays the Measures and their performance values for all three scorecards
based on the current date.
8.3 Displaying Aggregate Tables 8-33
4. You can change the display of the data in an aggregate table by selecting the Scorecard or
Metric Attribute option at the top of the aggregate table. By default, the table opens with the data
grouped by a metric attribute. Select Scorecard to change the display.
Aggregate tables can only be displayed for a parent scorecard and its children. If, for
example, you try to display an aggregate table from the Beaverton scorecard, you receive an
error message.
You can choose to view data for a date other than the current date. SAS Strategic Performance
Management matches the date that you specify to the appropriate time period for each element. For
example, if one element is based on a yearly period and another element is based on a monthly
period, the table displays data that is valid for the year and the month that contain the date that you
supplied.
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5. To display data for a particular date, select (the Calendar icon) next to the Date field. A calendar
appears. Select the date that you want, and then select Go. The data is displayed in the aggregate table
for the selected date.
The General option is used to create a column selection that is not connected to element types
or associations. Use the General column selection to display metric attributes in aggregate
tables.
8.3 Displaying Aggregate Tables 8-35
5. In the Available attributes section, select the Actual and Performance columns and add them to the
Attribute options section. Select Range Icon as the value for the Display options field in the
Performance column.
6. Select OK to save the column selection. The new column selection appears in the list of General
column selections.
The column selection is applied to the aggregate table; the Actual values and Performance range icons
are displayed. Notice, however, that the range icons do not appear for the Corporate scorecard
because you did not apply the range to the Performance column in the Corporate scorecard.
9. Select the Tables icon from the toolbar. Open the Measures table and choose the Standard
column selection. Select Go. The Corporate measures table opens.
8-36 Chapter 8 Creating and Managing a Scorecard Hierarchy and Creating Aggregate Views
10. Apply the Standard range that you created previously to the Performance Range column. Select the
Edit icon in the Performance column heading, and select Apply Range….
11. The Apply a Range to a Column window opens. Select Standard in the Range field. Leave the date
range set to the default.
12. Select OK to apply the range. The Measures table appears with the Range icons in the Performance
Range column.
8.3 Displaying Aggregate Tables 8-37
13. Now that the range is active in the Corporate scorecard, go back to the aggregate table. Select the
Aggregate Tables icon. Apply the column selection you created for the aggregate table, if necessary,
and select . The aggregate table opens, and performance icons appear for all three scorecards.
8-38 Chapter 8 Creating and Managing a Scorecard Hierarchy and Creating Aggregate Views
Chapter 9 Creating Comments,
Project Preferences, and
Personal Preferences
9.1 Introduction.....................................................................................................................9-3
9.1 Introduction
Objectives
Discuss the benefits of Comment Manager and of
setting preferences.
4
9-4 Chapter 9 Creating Comments, Project Preferences, and Personal Preferences
6
9.1 Introduction 9-5
7
9-6 Chapter 9 Creating Comments, Project Preferences, and Personal Preferences
Objectives
Investigate Comment Manager and create a comment.
Creating Comments
The Comment Manager displays comments that are
attached to files, projects, or tables in the Document
Manager. With the Comment Manager, you can do the
following:
create new comments
attach files to comments
reply to comments
view comments according to subject, author, date,
attachment, or content
10
9.2 Creating Comments 9-7
Creating Comments
After a comment is posted, others can reply to it. A reply
is added to the same thread automatically.
You can also attach a file to a comment. Any attachments
are loaded to a central repository and are made available
to all users.
11
9-8 Chapter 9 Creating Comments, Project Preferences, and Personal Preferences
Creating Comments
Use the Comment Manager to create and view a comment within the Beaverton scorecard.
1. Navigate to the Beaverton scorecard and open the Measures element table. Select the Edit icon beside
a measure and select Comments….
3. The Compose a New Comment window opens. Your ID is listed in the Author field. Enter a value
in the Subject field, and enter a message. You also have the option of attaching a file to a comment.
7. You can sort comments by thread, author, and date. Select the icon to sort by thread, select the
icon to sort by author, or select the icon to sort by date. You can also search for
comments by selecting the Search tab on the page.
9-10 Chapter 9 Creating Comments, Project Preferences, and Personal Preferences
8. In the Search window, specify how to search for comments by choosing an option from the Find
menu.
9. Post a reply to the comment by selecting Reply. The Reply To Comment window opens. Enter a reply
in the Message field.
11. Select the Back menu option to navigate out of the Comments window and back to the Beaverton
scorecard.
9.2 Creating Comments 9-11
12. To create or access comments for a measure, you can select the Edit icon beside the measure’s name
and select Comments. Alternatively, you can display a comments column in the tables in your
scorecard project. To display the comment column, select Customize on the toolbar. The Customize
window opens. Expand the Additional Information Columns section. Select the Comments option
and select OK.
Objectives
Create project preferences to determine what a user
sees.
Create personal preferences for your own use.
14
9.3 Creating Preferences 9-13
Set preferences to determine what users will see in the project. Specify the scorecard, element type,
column selection, and time period.
There are other project options that control the default display in dashboards, aggregate tables, and
historical trend graphs.
1. Select Project Options….
9-14 Chapter 9 Creating Comments, Project Preferences, and Personal Preferences
2. The Project Options window opens. In the General Settings section, you can specify the view and the
scorecard to open when a user opens the project. You can also specify the element type and the
column selection to use in the display. In the Default content language section, you can specify a
language to use in the comment. You created only one language for the project; accept the default.
3. The Default date for views section enables you to set the default time period for all views.
4. Expand the Table Options section. You can choose to display the Formula icon for any values created
with a formula.
9.3 Creating Preferences 9-15
5. Expand the Dashboard Options section. You can determine which metric attribute is the primary
indicator in dashboards. You also have the option of specifying a secondary indicator. Change the
value of the Primary indicator field to Performance.
6. Expand the Aggregate Table Options section. You can specify the element type and metric attribute to
aggregate in addition to specifying which thresholds, if any, to display. Select Measures as the value
for the Element type field, and select Performance as the value for the Column selection
field. Select both types of thresholds to be displayed.
7. Expand the Diagram Options section. Leave the diagram options set to the defaults.
9-16 Chapter 9 Creating Comments, Project Preferences, and Personal Preferences
8. Expand the Historical Trend Options section. You can determine which metric attributes and how
many time periods to chart in a history diagram. Leave the options set to the defaults.
9. Expand the Web Data Entry Options section. You can determine whether data entered via Web data
entry forms is submitted immediately or held as pending until later. If you select the Submit to SPM
for immediate use option, a warning message is displayed and you must either post or delete the
data. If you select the Submit WDE data as pending for later posting option, an additional icon is
made available on the toolbar to facilitate later posting of the data.
10. Select OK to save and apply changes. Changes that you make are displayed automatically the next
time that you or a user opens the project.
9.3 Creating Preferences 9-17
2. Select the Language section. The Locale option enables you to specify a locale and the appropriate
language.
The Format section enables you to choose time, date, and currency formats.
The Portal section enables you to set either a horizontal or vertical navigation for your portal page.
9-18 Chapter 9 Creating Comments, Project Preferences, and Personal Preferences
The Scorecards section enables you to set options for the display of tables, dashboards, thresholds,
history charts, and comments.
One additional method you can use to customize the appearance of tables and dashboards is
the Customize item on the toolbar. With a table open, select Customize. For table views, you
can determine the number of rows and columns to display, whether to display the Formula
icon, the personal threshold, and the global threshold, and whether to display additional
columns for the Comment Manager, the History Trend chart, and the time period.
3. Display a dashboard and select Customize. You can choose to display one of three graph types, an
optional secondary indicator, threshold indicators, links to the History Trend chart, the Comment
Manager, element properties, and range values. You can also determine the size of the graphs and the
number of columns and rows for their display.
Chapter 10 Accessing a Scorecard
through Microsoft Office
10.1 The SAS Add-In for Microsoft Office ..........................................................................10-3
10-2 Chapter 10 Accessing a Scorecard through Microsoft Office
10.1 The SAS Add-In for Microsoft Office 10-3
Objectives
Use the SAS Add-In for Microsoft Office to view
performance management information through
Microsoft Word and Excel.
Overview
The SAS Add-In for Microsoft Office is a Component
Object Model (COM) add-in that enables users to
integrate documents from SAS Strategic Performance
Management into Microsoft Word and Microsoft Excel.
From within Microsoft Word and Microsoft Excel,
users can access documents created inside the
SAS Strategic Performance Management framework.
3
10-4 Chapter 10 Accessing a Scorecard through Microsoft Office
Capabilities
With the SAS Add-In for Microsoft Office, you can do the
following:
embed performance management dashboards
view SAS Strategic Performance Management data in
table format
view scorecard associations
view diagrams
4
10.1 The SAS Add-In for Microsoft Office 10-5
2. From the SAS Solutions menu on the Microsoft Excel toolbar, select Log On….
3. The SAS Log On dialog box opens. Enter the user name and password provided by your instructor.
If you are asked to enter a server and port, select Options. The dialog box expands, and you
can enter server and port information.
4. Select .
10-6 Chapter 10 Accessing a Scorecard through Microsoft Office
1. From the SAS Solutions menu on the Microsoft Excel toolbar, select Insert Document….
2. The Insert Document dialog box opens. Navigate to your project’s stored location.
The name and location of your project might differ from what is shown above.
10.1 The SAS Add-In for Microsoft Office 10-7
9. Select Standard as the column selection. You can specify a particular date or use the default for the
period selection.
12. Select Finish. The Choose Location window opens. Accept the default location and select OK.
The SAS Add-In for Microsoft Office executes the SAS analysis.
10.1 The SAS Add-In for Microsoft Office 10-11
1. From the SAS Solutions menu on the Microsoft Excel toolbar, select Insert Document….
10-12 Chapter 10 Accessing a Scorecard through Microsoft Office
2. The Insert Document dialog box opens. Navigate to your project’s stored location.
The name and location of your project might differ from what is shown above.
5. Select the type of dashboard that you want to insert into your document and whether you want range
values displayed in dial or slider dashboards.
A dial dashboard:
A slider dashboard:
A stoplight dashboard:
6. Select Next >.
10-14 Chapter 10 Accessing a Scorecard through Microsoft Office
7. Select a scorecard.
Without a range applied to a measure, your dashboards will not appear properly.
13. Review the summary to ensure that you selected the correct values in the previous dialog box.
14. Select Finish. The SAS Add-In for Microsoft Office executes the SAS analysis.
10.1 The SAS Add-In for Microsoft Office 10-17
You can import tables, dashboards, associations, and diagrams into Microsoft Excel and Microsoft Word.
10-18 Chapter 10 Accessing a Scorecard through Microsoft Office
After you insert the scorecard components into Microsoft Office, you can save the file. This file can be
retrieved at a later date. However, opening the file does not automatically update the data to reflect the
current date.
Open Microsoft Word and select File Open. Open the file
C:\workshop\winsas\spmmit\BeavertonDashboard.doc. This file has dashboards with a date of 05/01/2006.
Notice that no values exist in the dashboards because no values were entered into the scorecard for that
time period.
1. Log on the server using the SAS Solutions menu. The data in the dashboard report does not refresh
based on the current date because the file was saved using the date 05/01/2006.
2. Select SAS Solutions View Refresh All.
10.1 The SAS Add-In for Microsoft Office 10-19
3. Select Use a specified date. Enter a date for which you previously entered data. You also have the
option to use the current exact date.
4. Select . The add-in executes the SAS analysis and refreshes your current report.
10-20 Chapter 10 Accessing a Scorecard through Microsoft Office
Any formatting that you added to the file before you refresh might be lost.
Chapter 11 Applying Security
11.3 Using SAS Strategic Performance Management Roles (Self-Study) ..................... 11-35
11-2 Chapter 11 Applying Security
11.1 SAS Strategic Performance Management Security Overview 11-3
Objectives
Review SAS Strategic Performance Management
security.
Define SAS Strategic Performance Management roles.
Define SAS Strategic Performance Management
permissions.
3
11-4 Chapter 11 Applying Security
Enterprise security
requires careful planning
leverages and integrates with the existing security
infrastructure.
Consult the SAS documentation for security planning and security architecture:
• SAS® 9.1.3 Intelligence Platform: Administration Guide
• SAS® Solutions Services: System Administration Guide
• SAS® Solutions Services: Data Administration Guide
11.1 SAS Strategic Performance Management Security Overview 11-5
Permissions
Examples:
The Scorecard Modeler role can create and edit
scorecards and scorecard elements.
The Scorecard Data Entry role can enter metric values
into a scorecard.
6
11-6 Chapter 11 Applying Security
These SAS Strategic Performance Management roles are predefined in SAS metadata.
11.1 SAS Strategic Performance Management Security Overview 11-7
User Administration
A SAS administrator can use the SAS Management Console
to administer SAS Strategic Performance Management
users. The SAS administrator can create user accounts and
add them to the appropriate roles.
10
11-8 Chapter 11 Applying Security
Permissions in
SAS Strategic Performance Management
Permissions
are a property of a SAS Strategic Performance
Management object
control user access to the object
are administered by the scorecard modeler.
Initially, only the creator of a SAS Strategic Performance
Management object can access it.
The creator of the object must grant access permissions
to other users.
11
11.1 SAS Strategic Performance Management Security Overview 11-9
Permissions in
SAS Strategic Performance Management
SAS Strategic Performance Management objects with
permissions:
template
project
scorecard
element
SAS Strategic Performance Management types of
permissions:
read
write
delete
administer
12
SAS Strategic Performance Management permissions are administered by the Scorecard Modeler.
• Read: user can see the object and its properties
• Write: user can edit the object properties
• Delete: user can delete the object
• Administer: user can administer permissions
11-10 Chapter 11 Applying Security
Permissions in
SAS Strategic Performance Management
SAS Strategic Performance Management access
permissions are hierarchical:
read means read-only
write implies read/write
delete implies read/write/delete
administer implies read/write/delete/administer
13
Effect of Permissions
Scorecard
If a user does not have permission to a scorecard, then
that scorecard is visible to the user, but it cannot be
selected. This enables access to lower-level scorecards.
14
11.1 SAS Strategic Performance Management Security Overview 11-11
Effect of Permissions
Element
If a user does not have permission to an element, then
that element will not be visible to the user.
15
Inheritance of Permissions
Every scorecard user must have read access to the
template.
Permissions defined on a project are initially replicated
down to all scorecards and elements within the project.
Changing a permission on a project or scorecard disables
future inheritance of permissions.
16
Objectives
Define permissions for data entry.
Define permissions for scorecard analysis.
18
11.2 Setting SAS Strategic Performance Management Permissions 11-13
Student Account
You used the student account to build the Parcel Express
project. The student account
was created by a SAS user administrator
has the role of Scorecard Modeler
is the owner of all the objects in the project
is initially the only one with access permissions to the
objects in the project.
19
• The creator of a SAS Strategic Performance Management object is by default the owner of the object.
• The owner of an object has by default full access to the object.
• The creator of an object can assign access permissions to other users.
Assigning Permissions
You must assign access permissions for the following:
scorecard data entry
scorecard analysis
20
11-14 Chapter 11 Applying Security
e. The demo user is currently the only user with permission to access the template. Select
Add Users & Groups….
11-16 Chapter 11 Applying Security
f. In the Add Users & Groups window, enter spm in the Search field and select Search. You can
uncheck Groups to limit the search to users only.
g. A list of SAS users and groups with names or descriptions that include spm is displayed. These
users and groups were defined in the SAS Management Console by a SAS user administrator.
Select the spmanz and the spmdat users with a check mark and select .
h. A message indicates that the users were added. Optionally, select Close to close the message box.
j. The two users are added to the list of users who have access permissions to the template. By
default, new users are granted read access only. This is sufficient for both users. Select to
close the Template Properties.
11.2 Setting SAS Strategic Performance Management Permissions 11-17
2. Give the analyst and data entry person the necessary project permissions. An analyst needs read
access to the project and a data entry person needs read and write access to the project.
a. In the Template and Project Manager window, select the icon for the Parcel Express Project.
c. In the Project Properties window, expand Permissions. Notice that student is currently the only
user with access permissions to the project. Select .
d. In the Add Users & Groups window, enter spm in the Search field and select . You
can uncheck Groups to limit the search to users only.
11.2 Setting SAS Strategic Performance Management Permissions 11-19
e. A list of users and groups with names or descriptions that include spm is displayed. Select the
spmanz and spmdat users with a check mark and select .
f. A message indicates that the users were added. Optionally, select Close to close the message box.
h. The spmanz and spmdat users are added to the list of users with access to the Parcel Express
project. Both are granted read access by default. Read access is sufficient for spmanz to view the
scorecard information. Give spmdat write access so he can enter data into the scorecard.
i. Select to close the Project Properties. A note indicates that the project permissions are
updated.
By inheritance, the project permissions are propagated down to the scorecards and
elements.
11-20 Chapter 11 Applying Security
b. Log on to the analyst account. Enter the user name spmanz and the password (provided by the
instructor). Select .
e. A message indicates that the page was added. Optionally, select Close to close the message.
g. Add a portlet to the Parcel Express page. Select Options Add Portlets….
11-22 Chapter 11 Applying Security
h. Select the My Favorites portlet type, enter the name Parcel Express Scorecard
Project, and select .
j. Select the icon in the Parcel Express Scorecard Project portlet to add a link.
11.2 Setting SAS Strategic Performance Management Permissions 11-23
l. Select Documents….
11-24 Chapter 11 Applying Security
m. In the Add Documents window, expand the Shared Documents folder. Select the Parcel Express
Project and click to make it a Selected document.
n. Select to close the Add Documents window and select to close the Properties
window. The Scorecard Analyst can now access the Parcel Express Project via this link.
o. Click on the Parcel Express Project link to view the scorecard project.
11.2 Setting SAS Strategic Performance Management Permissions 11-25
p. Select the Beaverton scorecard, the Measures element type, and a date for which you entered
data. Then select .
4. Give the data entry person access to the data entry form.
The account for the data entry person (username: spmdat) was created as a member of the Scorecard
Data Entry role. This role does not have access to the Manage Scorecards and Projects
task. The data entry person needs a link to the Beaverton Data Entry form in his portal. As the
Scorecard Modeler (username: student), create a new portal page with a link to the data entry form
and share this page with the data entry person.
a. Log on to the student account.
b. Create a new portal page to be shared. In the SAS Portal, select Options Add….
11.2 Setting SAS Strategic Performance Management Permissions 11-27
d. Add a portlet for the link to the data entry form. In the SAS Portal, select Options
Add Portlets….
11-28 Chapter 11 Applying Security
e. Select the My Favorites portlet type and enter the name Beaverton Data Entry Form.
Select .
f. Access the Parcel Express project to place a link to the data entry form on the newly created
portal page. In the SAS Portal, select the Parcel Express page.
h. In the Template and Project Manager window, select Parcel Express Project to open it.
j. In the Manage Forms window, click the icon for the Beaverton Data Entry form and select
Add to Portlet….
11-30 Chapter 11 Applying Security
k. In the Add to Portlet window, select Beaverton Data Entry Form. Select .
n. Select the Parcel Express Data Entry page. Notice the link to the data entry form.
11.2 Setting SAS Strategic Performance Management Permissions 11-31
o. Share this portal page with the data entry person. Select Options Share.
The Scorecard Modeler can use this link to access the data entry form.
p. Select the Scorecard Data Entry group and the Default scope.
Available The users in the group will be able to find the page using the search tool, and
they will be able to add the page if they want it.
Default The users in the group will automatically see the page the next time they log on
to the portal. The user can remove the page from his or her personal portal if the
page is not needed.
Sticky Same as the default, except that users cannot remove the page from their portals.
q. Select to close the Share Page screen. On the Parcel Express Data Entry page, the
message lines indicate that this page is shared.
11-32 Chapter 11 Applying Security
5. View the shared page as the data entry person. Then access the data entry form and use it to add
metric values to the scorecard.
a. Log off from the student account.
b. Log on as the data entry person. Enter the user name spmdat. The password will be provided by
the instructor.
c. The shared Parcel Express Data Entry page is available to the data entry person. This individual
can access the Beaverton Data Entry form from the link on this shared page. Select the
Beaverton Data Entry link to open the form.
11.2 Setting SAS Strategic Performance Management Permissions 11-33
d. In the Data Entry window, select a time period and a scorecard for which to enter data.
e. The form displays the current data for the selected time period and scorecard. It also shows past
and future time periods that the form was designed to display. Enter metric values for Target and
Actual for all the measures for one time period. Then select to save the data.
f. View the new data as the analyst. Select Log Off to log off from the portal as the data entry
person.
g. Log on as the analyst. Enter the user name spmanz and the password (provided by the
instructor) for spmanz.
11-34 Chapter 11 Applying Security
i. Select the Beaverton scorecard, the Measures element type, and the date that you entered data
for in the previous steps. Select .
The data that was entered by the data entry person is displayed.
11.3 Using SAS Strategic Performance Management Roles (Self-Study) 11-35
Objectives
Create users in the SAS Management Console.
Assign users to SAS Strategic Performance
Management roles.
23
24
11-36 Chapter 11 Applying Security
25
User Access to
SAS Strategic Performance Management
The SAS Intelligence Platform requires a SAS user
account to perform the following tasks:
create SAS Strategic Performance Management
objects
enter data in SAS Strategic Performance Management
view SAS Strategic Performance Management
information
load data in SAS Strategic Performance Management
with ETL processes
administer SAS users
26
A SAS user account is also referred to as a SAS metadata identity. It is defined in SAS metadata.
SAS user accounts can be
• defined manually in the SAS Management Console by a SAS Administrator
• extracted from enterprise identity sources and loaded via bulk load processes
• updated automatically with SAS macros.
The user accounts for student, the data entry person (sasdat), and the analyst (sasanz) used in this course
were created by a SAS Administrator.
11-38 Chapter 11 Applying Security
User Access to
SAS Strategic Performance Management
User access to SAS Strategic Performance Management
occurs in stages:
authentication − verifying the user’s identity
authorization − applying the user’s role assignment
and access permissions
27
Authentication: When a user logs on to SAS Strategic Performance Management, the user’s credentials
(user name and password) are authenticated against an authentication provider.
Supported authentication providers include the following:
• host operating system for the SAS Metadata Server (default)
• LDAP or Active Directory
• third-party authentication providers (for example, Netegrity SiteMinder and Tivoli Policy Manager)
Authorization: After successful authentication, user access to SAS Strategic Performance Management is
controlled by the metadata role assignment and the SAS Strategic Performance Management permissions.
Authorization
• requires authentication first
• is maintained through roles and permissions.
11.3 Using SAS Strategic Performance Management Roles (Self-Study) 11-39
Authorization
A user must have privileges to access resources.
28
29
The predefined roles and groups facilitate management of SAS Strategic Performance Management user
access.
11-40 Chapter 11 Applying Security
30
The unrestricted user is the only user who can add other users and change user privileges in SAS
metadata.
The unrestricted user is defined in a special text file in the Metadata Server start directory.
The text file is typically located in
\\<server>\SAS\SASSolutionsConfig\Lev1\SASMain\MetadataServer\adminUsers.txt.
11.3 Using SAS Strategic Performance Management Roles (Self-Study) 11-41
3. Enter a name for this metadata profile, for example SAS Administrator. Select .
4. Enter the machine name and port number of your metadata server. Enter the user name sasadm.
(The password will be provided by the instructor.) Uncheck the Save user ID and password in this
profile option. Select .
11.3 Using SAS Strategic Performance Management Roles (Self-Study) 11-43
7. Log on to the SAS Management Console. Enter the user name sasadm and password (provided by
the instructor). Select .
8. In the SAS Management Console hierarchy, select User Manager. Existing users, roles, and groups
are displayed in the display area on the right.
11.3 Using SAS Strategic Performance Management Roles (Self-Study) 11-45
9. Create a SAS user account for a Scorecard Modeler. The user name should be spmmod. Right-click
on User Manager and select New User.
10. Enter the name spmmod and job title SPM Modeler. Then select the Groups tab.
11-46 Chapter 11 Applying Security
11. Add the Portal Admins group, the Scorecard Modeler role, and the Solutions Users group to the
list under Member of.
The following role and group memberships are appropriate for SAS Strategic Performance
Management user types:
Scorecard Modeler, Scorecard Data Entry, and Analyst are predefined roles in SAS Metadata.
Solutions Users and MySQL Users are predefined groups in SAS Metadata. The unrestricted
SAS Administrator can create custom roles and groups.
12. Select the Logins tab.
11.3 Using SAS Strategic Performance Management Roles (Self-Study) 11-47
13. Select to create a new login. Enter the qualified user ID machinename\spmmod.
Your machine name can be found under System Properties. Select Start Settings
Control Panel System. In the System Properties dialog box, select the Computer Name
tab. The machine name is listed as the "Full computer name." You can copy and paste this
name into the New Login Properties dialog box.
14. Leave the password blank. This user will authenticate against the metadata server host.
Saving a password in the metadata profile is useful for applications that require additional
authentication for secondary processes that are spawned after initial authentication. If a
password is not stored in the metadata, the user is prompted for credentials. SAS Strategic
Performance Management does not use secondary processes so it is not necessary to store
password information in the metadata profile.
Create a user account for the Scorecard Modeler on the host operating system. When the modeler logs on
to the portal, his credentials (user name and password) are authenticated against his account on the host
operating system. You must be a system administrator to create user accounts.
1. Create a user account for the Scorecard Modeler. Right-click My Computer on the desktop and
select Manage.
2. In the Computer Management window, expand System Tools Local Users and Groups and
select the Users folder. The existing users are displayed. Right-click on the Users folder and select
New User….
11-50 Chapter 11 Applying Security
3. In the New User window, enter the user name spmmod and the full name Scorecard Modeler.
(The password will be provided by the instructor.) Deselect User must change password at next
logon and select both User cannot change password and Password never expires. Select
to exit the New User dialog box.
4. The new user account is added to the list of users on this host. To fully access all the functions of
Scorecard Modeler, this user must be added to the SAS Server Users group. Double-click on the
newly created spmmod user.
11.3 Using SAS Strategic Performance Management Roles (Self-Study) 11-51
5. In the spmmod Properties window, select the Member Of tab. New users are added to the Users
group automatically. To add the user to the SAS Server Users group, select .
6. Verify that the object type is Groups and that the location is your metadata server host. Enter the
object name SAS Server Users and select .
7. If a match is found with an existing group, it is displayed. Select to add this user to the
SAS Server Users group.
8. Verify that the spmmod user is a member of the SAS Server Users group and the Users group. Select
to save the changes.
11.3 Using SAS Strategic Performance Management Roles (Self-Study) 11-53
9. The host user account for spmmod is created. Close the Computer Management window.
10. Test the credentials for the new Scorecard Modeler by logging on to the SAS Portal. Access the portal
and enter the user name spmmod and the password. Select .
The new Scorecard Modeler can now add portal pages, portlets, and scorecard modeler tasks to the
SAS portal.
11-54 Chapter 11 Applying Security
Appendix A SAS Strategic
Performance Management Roles
A-2 Appendix A SAS Strategic Performance Management Roles
A-3
Reference: SAS Strategic Performance Management task access for the Scorecard Modeler, the Analyst,
and the Scorecard Data Entry metadata roles.
SPM SPM SPM
Templates
Access Templates
Manage Templates
Open
Save As
Properties…
View
Edit
Delete
Element Types
Save As
Properties…
View
Edit
Delete
Manage Attributes
Add
Delete
Metric Attributes
Delete
Languages
Manage Language
New
Save As
Properties…
View
Edit
Delete
A-5
Projects
Access Projects
Manage Projects
Save As
Properties…
View
Edit
Delete
Scorecards
Access Scorecards
Manage Scorecards
New
Open
Properties…
View
Edit
Copy To
Move To
Delete
Tables
View Tables
Dashboards
View Dashboards
A-6 Appendix A SAS Strategic Performance Management Roles
Hierarchies
View Hierarchies
Manage Hierarchies
Save As
Properties…
View
Edit
Delete
Diagrams
View Diagrams
Manage Diagrams
New
Save As
Properties
Delete
Edit
Forms
Manage Forms
Edit Layout
Enter/Edit Data
Delete
Copy
A-7
Ranges
Manage Ranges
New
Save As
Properties…
View
Edit
Delete
Elements
Create New
Properties
View
Edit General/Values/Formulas
Format Cells/Columns
Apply Ranges
Thresholds
Access
Customize
Project Options
Set options
A-8 Appendix A SAS Strategic Performance Management Roles
Appendix B Index
associating element types, 4-17–4-22
A diagrams, 1-23–1-24, 1-33, 7-3
components, 7-4–7-6
aggregate tables, 1-21, 1-29–1-30
creating, 7-7–7-11
creating column selections, 8-34–8-37
editing scorecard data, 7-6
associating element types, 4-6, 4-14–4-22
inserting into Microsoft Office, 10-17
associations, 1-23, 1-33, 6-3
displaying, 6-5–6-15
E
managing, 6-16–6-18
authentication, 11-38 element tables
authorization, 11-38 populating, 4-7–4-11
sorting rows, 4-12–4-13
B element types
associating, 3-20–3-22, 4-6, 4-14–4-22
Balanced Scorecard template, 3-6
associating with the diagram editor, 4-17–
balanced scorecards, 1-9–1-11
4-22
burning platforms, 1-7
creating, 3-15–3-19
C project, 3-14
scorecard, 3-14
child scorecards elements, 3-13
creating, 4-25–4-27, 8-7–8-12 linking, 8-13–8-16
deleting, 8-17 permissions, 11-11
renaming, 8-19 enabling languages, 3-24, 3-26–3-27
column selections, 1-27–1-28, 5-4
creating, 5-14–5-24 H
creating for aggregate tables, 8-34–8-37
hierarchies, 8-4–8-20
Comment Manager, 9-3, 9-6–9-10
creating, 8-5, 8-7–8-12
comments
deleting, 8-17
creating, 9-6–9-10
deleting scorecards, 8-6
D moving scorecards within, 8-12–8-13
renaming, 8-18–8-19
dashboards, 1-22, 1-31–1-32, 6-4 reordering scorecards within, 8-19–8-20
customizing, 6-23–6-27
displaying, 6-19–6-22 K
inserting into Microsoft Office, 10-11–10-
key performance indicators (KPI), 1-12
17
KPI. See key performance indicators
data
KPI Viewer template, 3-6
updating based on a specific date, 10-15–
10-20
L
updating based on the current date, 10-
18–10-20 links
data entry forms, 4-38, 4-45–4-54 creating, 7-39–7-41
creating, 4-40–4-44 editing, 7-39–7-41
editing, 4-39, 8-27–8-29
permissions, 11-11 M
diagram editor
metric attributes, 3-23
B-2 Index
T user accounts
creating on Windows, 11-49–11-53
table views
creating using the SAS Management
without column selection, 1-26–1-27
Console, 11-48
templates, 3-5
User-Defined template, 3-6
creating, 3-8–3-12
predefined, 3-6
V
U views, 1-19–1-24
URL Display portlet, 2-6