Stress and Failed Pregnancies | Ice Loss in Antarctica | Anger and Injuries |

Hummingbirds Never Forget

(MUSIC)
VOICE ONE:
This is SCIENCE IN THE NEWS in VOA Special English. Im Faih !api"#s.
VOICE TWO:
An" I$m %&' (&#gh). This *ee+: a ,ep&, ha Ana,cica is l&sing ice a an
inc,easing ,ae.
We als& *ill ell a'&# a 'i," *ih an e-cellen mem&,).
VOICE ONE:
%# .i,s/ *e ell a'&# a s#") &. special ine,es & *&men.
(MUSIC)
W&men *h& e-pe,ience em&i&nal ensi&n in he .i,s *ee+s &. p,egnanc) ma) 'e a
g,eae, ,is+ &. s#..e,ing a .aile" p,egnanc). A ne* s#") s#ggess a lin+ 'e*een he
ensi&n/ *&,,)/ an" p,ess#,e a *&man .eels an" he, a'ili) & ca,,) an #n'&,n chil"/
&, .e#s. The .ail#,e &. a p,egnanc) an" ,es#ling "eah &. he .e#s is calle" a
misca,,iage.
The ,es#ls &. he s#") *e,e p#'lishe" in 0,&cee"ings &. he Nai&nal Aca"em) &.
Sciences &. he Unie" Saes &. Ame,ica.
VOICE TWO:
0a'l& Nep&mnasch) *&,+s .&, he Nai&nal Insi#e &. En1i,&nmenal Healh
Sciences in N&,h Ca,&lina. His ,esea,ch eam s#"ie" si-)2&ne *&men .&, &ne
)ea,. All he *&men li1e" in 3#aemala an" *e,e al,ea") ca,ing .&, a leas &ne
'a').
The ,esea,che,s ese" he *&men .&, p,egnanc) an" meas#,e" c&,is&l in hei,
li4#i" *ases. C&,is&l is a s#'sance/ &, h&,m&ne/ p,&"#ce" ') he '&"). Ohe,
s#"ies ha1e lin+e" i & em&i&nal ensi&n/ als& +n&*n as s,ess.
T*en)2*& &. he si-)2&ne *&men 'ecame p,egnan "#,ing he s#"). The
,esea,che,s c&mpa,e" he p,egnan *&men *h& ha" highe, han n&,mal c&,is&l
le1els & h&se *h& "i" n&. The) .&#n" ha *&men *ih he highe, le1els "#,ing he
.i,s h,ee *ee+s &. p,egnanc) *e,e nea,l) h,ee imes m&,e li+el) & misca,,).
VOICE ONE:
The ,esea,che,s sa) a *&mans '&") ma) ,ec&gni5e inc,ease" c&,is&l le1els as a
sign ha c&n"ii&ns a,e n& ,igh .&, p,egnanc).
The) als& sa) &he, s#"ies migh ha1e .aile" & .in" he lin+ 'e*een s,ess an"
misca,,iages 'eca#se he) in1&l1e" *&men *h& ha" 'een p,egnan .&, a leas si-
*ee+s. M&s misca,,iages happen "#,ing he .i,s h,ee *ee+s &. p,egnanc).
(MUSIC)
VOICE TWO:
An Ame,ican s#") s#ggess ha ange, appea,s & inc,ease )&#, ,is+ &. s#..e,ing an
in6#,). I .&#n" ha ang,) a"#ls a,e m&,e li+el) han &he, men an" *&men & s#..e,
an in6#,) ,e4#i,ing eme,genc) me"ical ca,e. S#") &,gani5e,s sa) he ,is+ &. se,i&#s
in6#,) als& is highe, .&, men han .&, *&men.
(an Vins&n &. he Uni1e,si) &. Miss&#,i a C&l#m'ia le" he ,esea,ch eam. The)
4#esi&ne" m&,e han *& h&#san" pe&ple *h& ha" 'een ,eae" in h&spial
eme,genc) ,&&ms. The paiens *e,e as+e" & "esc,i'e hei, em&i&ns *en)2.&#,
h&#,s 'e.&,e he in6#,) an" hen in he min#es 6#s 'e.&,e hei, in6#,). The ans*e,s
*e,e c&mpa,e" *ih h&se p,&1i"e" ') a g,&#p &. #nin6#,e" a"#ls.
VOICE ONE:
S&me &. he paiens "esc,i'e" hemsel1es *ih *&,"s s#ch as e-cie"/ ang,) an"
h&sile. 0aiens *h& "esc,i'e" hemsel1es as .eeling easil) ange,e" ha" a hi,)
pe,cen inc,ease" ,is+ &. s#..e,ing a se,i&#s in6#,). Am&ng men/ he ,is+ &. in6#,)
inc,ease" &ne h#n",e" pe,cen i. he man "esc,i'e" himsel. as 'eing h&sile &,
ang,) a himsel..
The s#") als& s#ggese" a lin+ 'e*een ange, an" sp&,s in6#,ies an" aac+s.
VOICE TWO:
0,&.ess&, Vins&n an" his eam als& e-amine" s#spece" lin+s 'e*een ange, an"
,a..ic in6#,ies. %# he) *e,e #na'le & .in" s#ch a lin+. 0,&.ess&, Vins&n n&e" ha
s&me pe&ple ge ang,) *hen he) ",i1e. 7e hei, aci&ns gene,all) "& n& ca#se
,a..ic acci"ens. An ea,lie, s#") in Finlan" ,eache" he same .in"ing.
0,&.ess&, Vins&n esimaes ha a leas en pe,cen &. eme,genc) ,&&m 1isis c&#l"
'e a1&i"e" i. pe&ple "i" n& a+e aci&n *hen he) a,e ang,). He #,ge" "&c&,s &
'egin ,ec&gni5ing *hen hei, paiens ha1e in6#,e" hemsel1es 'eca#se &. ange,.
He sai" "&c&,s als& ma) nee" & s#gges ange, c&n,&l p,&g,ams in a""ii&n &
me"ical ,eamen.
(MUSIC)
VOICE ONE:
T*& *ee+s ag& &n his p,&g,am *e al+e" a'&# he meling &. ice .,&m glacie,s in
3,eenlan". N&* c&mes ne*s ha Ana,cica is als& l&sing ice a an inc,easing ,ae.
Science maga5ine p#'lishe" a ne* ,ep&,. I sa)s he Ana,cic ice shee is l&sing
as m#ch as &ne h#n",e" .i.)2*& c#'ic +il&mee,s &. ice e1e,) )ea,.
Scieni.ic ,esea,che,s .,&m he Uni1e,si) &. C&l&,a"& in %&#l"e, ca,,ie" &# he
s#"). The) #se" in.&,mai&n .,&m a p,&6ec calle" he 3,a1i) 8ec&1e,) an"
Climae E-pe,imen/ &, 38ACE. 3e,man) an" he Unie" Saes la#nche" *&
38ACE saellies in *& h&#san" *&. The saellies meas#,e changes in Ea,hs
g,a1iai&nal p#ll. Changes in he p&*e, &. ha p#ll p,&1i"e cl#es a'&# he mass &.
"i..e,en a,eas &n he plane.
VOICE TWO:
The 38ACE saellies ,a1el a,&#n" he Ea,h si-een imes each "a). One .&ll&*s
he &he, al*a)s a a "isance &. *& h#n",e" *en) +il&mee,s.
When he g,a1i) .iel" changes/ s& "&es he "isance 'e*een he *& saellies.
E4#ipmen &n he saellies can ,ec&," a change in "isance &. as small as &ne
mic,&n.
9&hn Wa,h is a ph)sics p,&.ess&, a he Uni1e,si) &. C&l&,a"& an" a lea"e, &. he
s#"). He sa)s he s,engh &. he 38ACE saellie e4#ipmen is ha i le scieniss
meas#,e all &. Ana,cica a &nce.
VOICE ONE:
Ana,cica c&nains alm&s se1en) pe,cen &. he *&,l"s .,esh *ae,. The c&ninen
is alm&s all ice. In s&me a,eas ha ice is cl&se & *& h&#san" mee,s hic+.
The las ma6&, s#") &. he Ana,cic ice shee *as c&mplee" in *& h&#san" &ne.
3&1e,nmen scieniss .,&m se1e,al c&#n,ies *e,e in1&l1e". Th&se scieniss ha"
e-pece" a "i..e,en .##,e .&, he *&,l"s .i.h la,ges c&ninen.
The) sai" ha Ana,cica *&#l" gain ice mass in he .##,e. The) 'elie1e" ha a
*a,ming &. Ea,hs climae *&#l" lea" & m&,e ,ain an" sn&*. The scieniss sai"
m&,e ,ain an" sn&* *&#l" lea" & inc,ease" ice. %#/ he ne* ,ep&, sh&*s ha is
n& happening. O, a leas n& )e.
VOICE TWO:
S&me scieniss a,g#e ha he ne* s#") is && ea,l) in he li.e &. 38ACE. The) sa)
h,ee )ea,s &. meas#,emen &. he ice mass is n& l&ng en&#gh.
Isa'ella Velic&gna *as he lea" *,ie, &. he ,ep&,. She is a ,esea,che, a he
Uni1e,si) &. C&l&,a"& an" he 9e 0,&p#lsi&n !a'&,a&,) in 0asa"ena/ Cali.&,nia.
Mi55 Velic&gna sa)s his is he .i,s s#") & ,ep&, a "ec,ease in a &al mass
'alance &. Ana,cica. She ag,ees ha m&,e in.&,mai&n .,&m 38ACE *&#l" p,&1i"e
a clea,e, pic#,e &. he c&ninens .##,e. %# she als& sa)s she "&es n& hin+ he
ice l&ss she "isc&1e,e" is g&ing & s&p ,igh a*a).
(MUSIC)
VOICE ONE:
I. )&# hin+ he elephan is he &nl) animal ha ne1e, .&,ges/ )&# a,e *,&ng. Tha is
he 6#"gmen &. scieni.ic ,esea,che,s *h& s#"ie" a 1e,) small N&,h Ame,ican 'i,".
The ,esea,che,s ,ep&,e" ha h#mming'i,"s can ,emem'e, 1isis & a leas eigh
"i..e,en a,eas &1e, se1e,al "a)s. The ,es#ls &. hei, s#") *e,e p#'lishe" in
C#,,en %i&l&g).
Man) scieniss hin+ ha &nl) pe&ple ha" c&mpa,a'le a'iliies. Ea,lie, s#"ies
sh&*e" ha s&me animals c&#l" ,emem'e, an &'6ec &, e1en. Th&se animals c&#l"
,emem'e, *he,e he) sa* he &'6ec &, e1en. %# i is n& clea, i. he) +ne* *hen
he) sa* i.
VOICE TWO:
Timing is 1e,) imp&,an & a h#mming'i,". These 'i,"s c&llec a s*ee s#'sance
calle" neca, .,&m .l&*e,s. I. a h#mming'i," ,e#,ns && s&&n & a .l&*e,/ i *ill n&
ge m&,e neca,. O,/ i. he 'i," *ais && l&ng .&, a .i,s 1isi/ an&he, h#mming'i,"
ma) ge he,e .i,s.
In he ne* s#")/ 9&nahan Hen"e,s&n an" S#san Heal) &. he Uni1e,si) &.
E"in'#,gh le" an ine,nai&nal ,esea,ch eam. Is mem'e,s ese" h,ee *il"/ male
,#.&#s h#mming'i,"s in he 8&c+) M&#nains &. Cana"a.
VOICE ONE:
The h#mming'i,"s ,ec&gni5e" eigh "i..e,en &'6ecs ha l&&+e" li+e .l&*e,s. The
&'6ecs *e,e p# in he place *he,e hei, #s#al .ee"e,s *e,e +ep. The ,esea,che,s
,e.ille" .&#, &. he &'6ecs. The) sai" i &&+ &ne & *& h&#,s & ,ain he 'i,"s &
.ee" .,&m hem.
E1e,) en min#es/ he ,esea,che,s p# a s*ee s#'sance in he .&#, &'6ecs. The
,esea,che,s .ille" he .&#, &he, &'6ecs e1e,) *en) min#es.
The h#mming'i,"s "em&ns,ae" ha he) c&#l" ,emem'e, he placemen &. hese
man2ma"e .l&*e,s. The) als& c&#l" ,emem'e, *hen he) ha" las 1isie" hem.
The h#mming'i,"s ,e#,ne" & he .l&*e,s ha *e,e ,e.ille" m&,e &.en han he
&he,s.
(MUSIC)
VOICE TWO:
SCIENCE IN THE NEWS *as *,ien ') %,ianna %la+e/ 3e&,ge 3,&*/ 9e,il)n
Was&n an" Ca) Wea1e,. C)nhia :i,+ *as &#, p,&"#ce,. Im %&' (&#gh).
VOICE ONE:
An" Im Faih !api"#s. 9&in #s again ne- *ee+ .&, m&,e ne*s a'&# science in
Special English &n he V&ice &. Ame,ica.
A Test for Brain Injury reates Its !"n #is$s in %ildren
This is he VOA Special English Healh 8ep&,.
A c&nc#ssi&n happens *hen he ',ain is sha+en/ &.en in a ca, c,ash &, a .all &, a
s,i+e & he hea" in sp&,s. C&nc#ssi&ns can 'e mil"/ '# "&c&,s ma) &,"e, a CT
scan & l&&+ .&, a m&,e se,i&#s in6#,). C&mp#e" &m&g,aph) p,&1i"es a "eaile"
image &. he ',ain. %# a ,ecen s#") *a,ne" ha m&,e chil",en han necessa,) a,e
'eing e-p&se" & ,a"iai&n his *a).
A nai&nal eam le" ') *& "&c&,s a he Uni1e,si) &. Cali.&,nia/ (a1is/ s#"ie"
h&spial ,ec&,"s .,&m h&#san"s &. chil",en *ih hea" in6#,ies. The) .&#n" ha in
man) cases/ he ,is+ &. "e1el&ping cance, .,&m he ,a"iai&n &#*eighe" he ,is+ &. a
se,i&#s ',ain in6#,).
The s#") .&#n" ha &ne in .i1e chil",en &1e, age *& ha" a l&* ,is+ &. se,i&#s in6#,)
'# ,ecei1e" CT scans an)*a). The same *as ,#e &. alm&s &ne in .&#, chil",en
#n"e, *& )ea,s &. age.
The ,esea,che,s ha1e "e1el&pe" ,#les & p,e"ic i. a hea" in6#,) is se,i&#s en&#gh
.&, a scan. F&, chil",en #n"e, *&/ "&c&,s a,e a"1ise" agains i i. he,e is:
; N&,mal menal aci1i).
; N& s*elling in he 'ac+ &. he hea".
; N& .eeling &. a ',&+en '&ne in he s+#ll.
; An" n& l&ss &. c&nsci&#sness .&, m&,e han .i1e sec&n"s.
(&c&,s sh&#l" als& c&nsi"e, h&* he chil" *as in6#,e" an" *hehe, he pa,ens sa)
he chil" is acing n&,mall).
F&, paiens .,&m *& & eigheen/ he g#i"elines a,e simila, 22 e-cep he,e sh&#l" 'e
n& l&ss &. c&nsci&#sness/ n& 1&miing an" n& se1e,e hea"ache.
The ,ep&, appea,s in he !ance me"ical 6&#,nal.
Ea,lie, his )ea,/ he %,iish 9&#,nal &. Sp&,s Me"icine p#'lishe" ne* g#i"elines .&,
c&nc#ssi&ns in chil",en an" eens. Ine,nai&nal e-pe,s sai" he) sh&#l" n& ,e#,n
& sp&,s &, sch&&l #nil .#ll) ,ec&1e,e". The ',ain als& nee"s a <c&gnii1e ,es/< he)
sa)/ ') ,es,icing aci1iies li+e 1i"e& games/ e-ing an" *aching TV.
7&#ng pe&ple &.en a+e l&nge, han a"#ls & ,ec&1e, .,&m a c&nc#ssi&n. The
e-pe,s sa) in"i1i"#al p,&g,ess an" n& a se ime pe,i&" sh&#l" al*a)s g#i"e a
"ecisi&n & ,e#,n & pla).
M&,e han &ne milli&n cases &. c&nc#ssi&n a,e ,ep&,e" each )ea, in he Unie"
Saes al&ne.
A c&ng,essi&nal c&mmiee has calle" a hea,ing We"nes"a) & "isc#ss legal iss#es
,elae" & hea" in6#,ies in .&&'all. 8ecenl) he,e ha1e 'een c&nce,ns a'&# pla)e,s
,ei,e" .,&m he Nai&nal F&&'all !eag#e. %# p,&.essi&nals a,e n& he &nl) &nes
geing c&nc#ssi&ns. The,e a,e high sch&&l pla)e,s *h& ha1e "ie" .,&m ',ain
in6#,ies.
An" ha$s he VOA Special English Healh 8ep&,/ *,ien ') Ca) Wea1e,. I$m
Se1e Em'e,.
=. Wha hings & "& ') "&c&,s & l&&+ .&, he paiens c&n"ii&n &. hea"
in6#,ies>
?.
&edical Terms' (octors )ive &e a lean Bill of Healt%
(MUSIC)
N&*/ he VOA Special English p,&g,am/ W&,"s an" Thei, S&,ies.
Man) p,&.essi&ns ha1e hei, &*n *&,"s an" e-p,essi&ns. This is ,#e .&, he
me"ical p,&.essi&n. (&c&,s #se man) echnical e,ms ha m&s pe&ple "& n&
#n"e,san". %# he,e a,e als& e-p,essi&ns *e #se e1e,) "a) & ell a'&# a pe,s&ns
healh. !e me e-plain.
!as m&nh/ I *as n& .eeling *ell. I *as #n"e, he *eahe,. I h&#gh I ha" ca#gh a
c&l". I ha" a ,#nn) n&se/ ich) e)es/ a s&,e h,&a an" a c&#gh. I .el i,e" an" ,#n
"&*n. I *as in p&&, c&n"ii&n 'eca#se I ha" n& 'een geing en&#gh ,es.
M) '&") h#, all &1e,. I als& ha" se1e,e hea" pains 22 a ,eal spliing hea"ache. An"
I *as ,#nning a .e1e,. M) '&") empe,a#,e *as highe, han n&,mal.
A &ne p&in/ I 'lac+e" &#. Thas ,igh/ I *as &# c&l". I l&s c&nsci&#sness an" m)
.,ien" ha" & ',ing me a,&#n". He #se" c&l" *ae, &n m) .ace & ,es&,e m)
c&nsci&#sness.
I g,e* c&nce,ne" ha I migh a+e a #,n .&, he *&,se. I "i" n& *an & 'ec&me
sic+e, 'eca#se hen s#,el) I *&#l" 'e a "eahs "&&,.
M) .,ien" &&+ me & he "&c&,. I &l" he "&c&, I h&#gh I ha" c&me "&*n *ih a
c&l". When he "&c&, sa* me/ she imme"iael) *ane" & ,#n s&me ess. She sai"
ha me"ical ess *&#l" help he, "isc&1e, *h) I *as sic+. The "&c&, als& as+e"
*hen I ha" m) las ph)sical. I "& n& ge )ea,l)chec+2#ps. %# I p,&'a'l) sh&#l" ge
a me"ical e-am ') a "&c&, e1e,) )ea,.
Then he n#,se ",e* m) 'l&&". She #se" a nee"le & a+e a small am&#n &. 'l&&"
.,&m m) a,m. She sen i & a la'&,a&,) .&, ess. The n#,se als& &&+ m)
empe,a#,e. She #se" a he,m&mee, & meas#,e m) '&") empe,a#,e.
The "&c&, &l" me I ha" in.l#en5a/ &, he .l#. %# she &l" me I *&#l" ,ec&1e, s&&n.
She sai" I *as &1e, he *&,s &. he "isease. She &l" me & ,es a h&me an" & sa)
a*a) .,&m &he, pe&ple 'eca#se he .l# can sp,ea". I isc&nagi&#s.
Than+.#ll)/ I "i" n& ha1e & g& #n"e, he +ni.e. I "i" n& nee" an &pe,ai&n.
Insea"/ I "i" 6#s *ha he "&c&, &,"e,e". I *en h&me an" "i" e-acl) *ha *as
nee"e" & 'ec&me healh) again. S&&n/ I *as &n he men". I *asp#lling h,&#gh
an" ,ec&1e,ing .,&m m) sic+ness.
N&*/ I am 'ac+ &n m) .ee. I am ph)sicall) healh) again. E1en 'ee,/ he "&c&,
has gi1en me a clean 'ill &. healh. She sa)s ha I am &ne2h#n",e" pe,cen c#,e".
I am 'ac+ & n&,mal an" I .eel g,ea. In .ac/ I .eel &n &p &. he *&,l". M) .,ien"s
sa) I n&* l&&+ li+e he pic#,e &. healh.
(MUSIC)
This VOA Special English p,&g,am/ WO8(S AN( THEI8 STO8IES/ *as *,ien ')
9ill M&ss. Im Faih !api"#s.
(THEME)
Training &edical Teams to ommunicate Better (uring !*erations
This is he VOA Special English Healh 8ep&,.
N& &ne *ans a pil& & ma+e a misa+e. This is *h) .ligh c,e*s a,e ,aine" in
eam*&,+ an" c&mm#nicai&n. N&* a s#") .in"s h&spials ha ,aine" hei,
&pe,aing ,&&m eams ha" a l&*e, ,ae &. s#,gical "eahs han &he, h&spials.
SU83EON: <We$ll nee" a pach in he ,&&m/ is he,e a pach a1aila'le><
This eam has 'een ,aine" & c&mm#nicae a'&# he &pe,ai&n an" he paien
'e.&,e/ "#,ing an" a.e, he s#,ge,).
SU83EON: <A,e he,e an) c&nce,ns &, 4#esi&ns .,&m he eam> An)'&")> N&><
The s#") in1&l1e" m&,e han &ne h#n",e" Ame,ican 1ee,ans h&spials. S&me ha"
a+en pa, in a p,&g,am &. me"ical eam ,aining.
8esea,che, 9#lia Neil)/ a Vee,ans A"minis,ai&n n#,se/ sa)s he ,aining see+s &
emp&*e, each eam mem'e,/ incl#"ing echnicians.
9U!IA NEI!7: <One &. he +e) elemens he,e *as .laening he hie,a,ch) in he
&pe,aing ,&&m s& ha e1e,)'&")/ he sc,#' ech/ he n#,se/ he s#,ge&n/ he
aneshesi&l&gis/ *h&me1e, i is in he &pe,aing ,&&m c&#l" ',ing #p an) c&nce,ns
he) ha" a'&# he paien.<
An" he m&,e ,aining/ he 'ee, he chances ha a paien *&#l" s#,1i1e.
9U!IA NEI!7: <The g,&#p ha ha" he ,aining iniiall) ha" a .i.) pe,cen g,eae,
,e"#ci&n in hei, m&,ali) ,ae an" ha *as g,eae, ,e"#ci&n han he c&n,&l g,&#p/
he g,&#p ha "i"n$ ha1e he ,aining iniiall).<
S#") c&2a#h&, 9ames %agian is a Vee,ans A"minis,ai&n "&c&,.
9AMES %A3IAN: <%ee, c&mm#nicai&ns ') ',ie.ings an" "e',ie.ings ha a,e
g#i"e" ') chec+liss enhance eam*&,+.<
(OCTO8: <We,e he,e an) "i..ic#lies &, an)hing .&, aneshesia><
ANESTHESIO!O3IST: <N&.<
The s#") is in his *ee+$s 9&#,nal &. he Ame,ican Me"ical Ass&ciai&n.
A .i,s/ s&me eam mem'e,s 4#esi&ne" he 1al#e &. he c&mm#nicai&n ,aining.
%# an&he, ne* s#") sh&*s h&* a lac+ &. c&mm#nicai&n can lea" & misa+es li+e
&pe,aing &n he *,&ng sie &, he *,&ng paien.
Since *& h&#san" .&#,/ h&spials an" s#,gical &..ices in he Unie" Saes ha1e ha"
a <#ni1e,sal p,&&c&l.< F&, e-ample/ he) a,e s#pp&se" & ma,+ he s#,gical sie an"
pe,.&,m a <ime2&#< imme"iael) 'e.&,e he p,&ce"#,e.
The s#") l&&+e" a ,ec&,"s &. a c&mpan) ha p,&1i"es lia'ili) ins#,ance & si-
h&#san" "&c&,s in C&l&,a"&.
The "&c&,s ,ep&,e" *en)2.i1e cases in1&l1ing he *,&ng paien 'e*een 9an#a,)
&. *& h&#san" *& an" 9#ne &. *& h&#san" eigh. Fi1e paiens s#..e,e" se,i&#s
ha,m.
S#,ge&ns an" &he, "&c&,s als& ,ep&,e" &ne h#n",e" se1en cases in1&l1ing he
*,&ng sie. M&,e han &ne2hi," le" & se,i&#s ha,m. One paien "ie".
The ,esea,che,s 'lame" m&s &. he *,&ng2sie cases &n e,,&,s in 6#"gmen &, a
lac+ &. a ime2&#. %# he) sa) e,,&,s in c&mm#nicai&n *e,e a leas &ne ca#se &.
all he mi-2#ps in1&l1ing he *,&ng paien.
0hilip Sahel a he (en1e, Healh Me"ical Cene, le" he s#") in he A,chi1es &.
S#,ge,).
An" ha$s he VOA Special English Healh 8ep&,/ a1aila'le &nline a
1&aspecialenglish.c&m. 7&# can als& .&ll&* #s &n Face'&&+/ T*ie,/ 7&#T#'e an"
iT#nes a VOA !ea,ning English. I$m Se1e Em'e,.
@@@
Incl#"es ,ep&,ing ') Ca,&l 0ea,s&n an" A1i A,"ii/ an" s&#n" p,&1i"e" ') he
9&#,nal &. he Ame,ican Me"ical Ass&ciai&n
Need +our A**endi, !ut- Let &e #eac% (o"n +our T%roat
This is he VOA Special English Healh 8ep&,.
Me"ical ,esea,che,s +eep l&&+ing .&, less in1asi1e *a)s & pe,.&,m &pe,ai&ns. The
aim is & c# less an" & ,e"#ce pain an" ,ec&1e,) ime. S&me ,esea,che,s see a
.##,e in NOTES.
NOTES is sh&, .&, Na#,al O,i.ice T,ansl#menal En"&sc&pic S#,ge,).
In simple e,ms/ *ha his means is he ,em&1al &. "isease" &,gans h,&#gh he
'&")$s na#,al &penings. F&, e-ample/ a man in Cali.&,nia ,ecenl) ha" his appen"i-
,em&1e" h,&#gh his m&#h.
T*en)2.i1e )ea,s ag&/ ha1ing )&#, appen"i- ,em&1e" mean sa)ing in he h&spial
.&, as l&ng as a *ee+. 0aiens ,e#,ne" h&me *ih an #gl) an" pe,manen sca, &n
hei, a'"&men.
%# since he lae nineeen eighies/ lapa,&sc&pic s#,ge,) has gaine" p&p#la,i). I
lea1es &nl) small ma,+s *he,e h&les *e,e ma"e in he s+in. The "&c&, *&,+s *ih a
s)sem calle" a lapa,&sc&pe/ #s#all) c&nnece" & a 1i"e& came,a. !apa,&sc&pic
s#,ge,) ,a,el) ,e4#i,es a h&spial sa).
Wih he ne*es +in" &. s#,ge,)/ "&c&,s ma+e a small c# in he paien$s 'ell)
'#&n. A came,a is place" h,&#gh he h&le & help g#i"e he s#,gical ins,#men.
The &pe,ai&n a he Uni1e,si) &. Cali.&,nia San (ieg& Me"ical Cene, in Ma,ch
lase" h,ee h&#,s. I *as "&ne as pa, &. a s#") & es ne* meh&"s &. minimall)
in1asi1e s#,ge,). Saniag& H&,gan/ "i,ec&, &. UC San (ieg&$s Cene, .&, he F##,e
&. S#,ge,)/ le" he me"ical eam.
(&c&,s #se" a l&ng ,&'&ic #'e & pass he ins,#men "&*n he paien$s h,&a.
Then he) ma"e a c# in he *all &. he s&mach. The c# *as ma"e & pass he
ins,#men h,&#gh & he appen"i- .&, ,em&1al.
The ,esea,che,s sai" he) 'elie1e" i *as he c&#n,)$s .i,s ,em&1al &. a "isease"
appen"i- h,&#gh he m&#h. The) sai" In"ia *as he &nl) &he, c&#n,) & ,ep&,
s#ch an &pe,ai&n.
The paien in Cali.&,nia/ name" 9e.. Sch&l5/ sai" he ,ec&1e,e" 4#ic+l) an" *ih lile
pain.
%# s&me "&c&,s sa) he) a,e n& s#,e his +in" &. s#,ge,) is *&,h he p&ssi'le
,is+s. The) sa) s&mach .l#i"s c&#l" lea+ i. he h&le in he s&mach *all is n& cl&se"
c&mpleel). A misa+e/ he) sa)/ c&#l" 'e li.e2h,eaening.
The s#,gical meh&" is sill 'eing s#"ie" & see i. i is 'ee, han ,a"ii&nal
s#,ge,ies.
An" ha$s he VOA Special English Healh 8ep&,/ *,ien ') %,ianna %la+e.
A,chi1es &. ,ansc,ips an" M0As &. &#, ,ep&,s can 'e .&#n" a 1&aspialenglish.c&m.
I$m Se1e Em'e,.
Body Pain !ften aused by Fibromyalgia
F,&m VOA !ea,ning English/ his is Science in he Ne*s. Ame,ican &..icials sa)
.i',&m)algia s)n",&me a..ecs #p & si- milli&n pe&ple in he Unie" Saes each
)ea,. In s&me nai&ns/ .i',&m)algia is sai" & a..ec m&,e han h,ee an" a hal.
pe,cen &. a"#l *&men an" &ne2hal. pe,cen &. a"#l men. In &#, sh&* &"a)/ Faih
!api"#s an" Ch,is&phe, C,#ise ,ep&, &n his "isa'ling "isease.

Fi',&m)algia can ha1e man) s)mp&ms/ incl#"ing "ep,essi&n an" l&* ene,g) le1els.
%# pain B &.en h,&#gh&# he '&") 22 is he main p,&'lem. 0aiens &.en ha1e pain
in hei, m#scles an" 6&ins. An" he) al*a)s .eel i,e".

Man) pe&ple *ih .i',&m)algia ha1e ,&#'le pe,s#a"ing "&c&,s ha hei, pain is ,eal.
S&me &. he m&s c&mm&n s)mp&ms &. .i',&m)algia a,e he same as h&se &. &he,
"iseases. As a ,es#l/ "&c&,s &.en ha1e ,&#'le ,ec&gni5ing an" c&n.i,ming he
p,esence &. he "isease.

T,eaing .i',&m)algia can 'e "i..ic#l. Since he,e is n& c#,e/ "&c&,s ma) e-pe,imen
*ih "i..e,en ,eamens an" me"icines. S&me ",#gs *&,+ *ih s&me paiens/ '#
"& n& *&,+ *ih &he,s. 0aiens *ih mil" .i',&m)algia &.en "& n& nee" an) ",#gs.
Thei, c&n"ii&n can imp,&1e *ih a c&m'inai&n &. l&*2impac e-e,cises/ a g&&" "ie/
geing en&#gh ,es an" paien e"#cai&n.

T,eamen &. .i',&m)algia paiens can 'e c&sl) an" "i..ic#l .&, "&c&,s/ 'eca#se he
pain &nl) lessens. I ne1e, g&es a*a) c&mpleel).

Ame,icas F&&" an" (,#g A"minis,ai&n has app,&1e" h,ee ",#gs .&, .i',&m)algia B
!),ica/ C)m'ala an" Sa1ella. These me"icines ha1e 'een sh&*n & ,e"#ce pain .&,
a'&# hal. &. paiens.

(&c&, 8#ssell 8&hen'e,g is a lea"ing e-pe, &n .i',&m)algia. F&, man) paiens/
he sa)s/ a hi,) pe,cen ,e"#ci&n in pain is en&#gh s& he) can *&,+ an" a+e ca,e
&. hei, .amil). Once .i',&m)algia is ,eae"/ paiens can 'e sa'le .&, man) )ea,s 22
n& geing 'ee,/ '# n& geing *&,se/ eihe,.

S&me paiens ha1e "esc,i'e" .i',&m)algia as a+ing c&n,&l &. hei, li1es an"
ma+ing hem a p,is&ne, &. hei, &*n '&"). 0len) &. ph)sical aci1i) in &ne "a) can
ma+e m#scles s&,e .&, "a)s a.e,*a,"s. F&& pain can 'e s& inense ha *ea,ing
sh&es is imp&ssi'le. E1en a.e, geing eigh h&#,s &. sleep/ s&me s#..e,e,s *a+e #p
.eeling i,e". N&,mal aci1iies li+e s&ciali5ing *ih .,ien"s can 'e imp&ssi'le.

The ",#g man#.ac#,e, 0.i5e, ma+es he ",#g !),ica/ *hich has 'een a"1e,ise" as
a ,eamen .&, .i',&m)algia. In *& h&#san" se1en/ he F&&" an" (,#g
A"minis,ai&n app,&1e" !),ica as he .i,s ",#g speci.icall) .&, he "isease. S#"ies
in1&l1ing &ne h&#san" eigh h#n",e" paiens sh&*e" ha s&me paiens ha1e less
pain a.e, a+ing he ",#g.

The F(A calle" !),ica an imp&,an "e1el&pmen in he .igh agains he "isease an"
a ,eas&n .&, h&pe in paiens. A he same ime/ he agenc) sai" i is n& +n&*n *h)
!),ica *&,+s. I als& sai" ha n& e1e,)&ne *h& &&+ he ",#g *as helpe". !),ica
ca#ses si"e2e..ecs in s&me paiens/ incl#"ing p,&'lems *ih menal c&ncen,ai&n
an" aeni&n.

The F(A has als& app,&1e" he ",#gs C)m'ala an" Sa1ella & ,ea .i',&m)algia in
in"i1i"#als &1e, age eigheen.

3ail Ca*+*ell is a ,he#ma&l&gis *h& ,eas chil",en an" )&#ng pe&ple *ih a,h,iis
an" .i',&m)algia. She is als& a Vice 0,esi"en a 0.i5e,. (&c&, Ca*+*ell &l" VOA
ha .i',&m)algia is a 1e,) m)se,i&#s "isease ha has p,&1e" "i..ic#l & "iagn&se
an" ,ea. She sa)s 0.i5e, 'elie1es !),ica helps "&c&,s ease hei, paiens pain an"
&he, s)mp&ms.
C!),icas p,ima,) e..ec *e 'elie1e is &n pain/ *e 'elie1e is &n calming "&*n e-cie"
ne,1es/ an" is impac &n .i',&m)algia &1e,all is he,e 'e)&n" 6#s he pain &.
.i',&m)algia.D

(&c&, Ca*+*ell sa)s she has ,eae" h&#san"s &. .i',&m)algia paiens in he pas
.i.een )ea,s. She sa)s ha/ *ih g&&" me"icines/ "&c&,s can ma+e a ,eal "i..e,ence
in he li1es &. pe&ple *ih .i',&m)algia. She sa)s paiens ma+e an e..&, & .in" &#
*ha is happening in he '&") an" h&* & ge 'ee,.

%# she n&es ha pe&ple can 'e healh) &ne "a) an" he ne- "a) *a+e #p .eeling
i,e" an" e1e,)hing h#,s. An"/ she a""s/ he "isease can las man) )ea,s/ e1en a
li.eime.

!),ica is an imp&,an p,&"#c .&, 0.i5e,. In *& h&#san" en/ he ",#g p,&"#ce"
h,ee 'illi&n "&lla,s in sales *&,l"*i"e. (&c&, Ca*+*ell sa)s 0.i5e, is s#")ing
paiens *ih .i',&m)algia in China an" 9apan. An" she sa)s he c&mpan) is l&&+ing
a *ha she calls C'i&2ma,+e,sD in pe&ple *ih .i',&m)algia. %i&2ma,+e,s help
,esea,che,s +n&* *ha is happening in he '&"ies &. pe&ple *ih a "isease &,
me"ical c&n"ii&n. (&c&, Ca*+*ell sa)s i is imp&,an & .in" 'i&2ma,+e,s .&,
.i',&m)algia.
COne &. he ,eall) .,#s,aing hings .&, paiens *ih .i',&m)algia is ha he,es
n&hing & meas#,e in la's &, in E2,a)s. An" s&meimes pe&ple hin+ i. )&# can
meas#,e s&mehing hen ma)'e is n& ,eal. S& *e a,e l&&+ing a 'i&2ma,+e,s/ *e,e
"&ing s&phisicae" E2,a)s/ li+e .#nci&nal M8I an" spec2scanning & #n"e,san"
*ha happens in he ',ains &. paiens *ih .i',&m)algia *hen he) ha1e pain/ *ha
happens & hei, ',ains *hen *e ,ea ha pain.D

(&c&, Ca*+*ell sa)s pe&ple a,e ,a,el) h&spiali5e" 'eca#se &. .i',&m)algia/ an"
m&s paiens "& n& "ie .,&m i. She sa)s his is *h) i can 'e "i..ic#l & +n&* h&*
man) pe&ple s#..e, .,&m he "isease.

8esea,che, %,ian Wali 'elie1es ha all &. he a"1e,ising .&, !),ica ma) 'e 'a" .&,
pe&ple *ih .i',&m)algia. (&c&, Wali is he "i,ec&, &. he Fi',&m)algia 8esea,ch
Cene, a 3e&,ge&*n H&spial Cene, in Washing&n/ (C. He is s#")ing si-)2
se1en paiens *ih he "isease. He is c,iical &. "&c&,s *h& l&&+ & ",#gs .i,s &
help hei, .i',&m)algia paiens.

CM#ch &. *ha I "& is ac#all) ,em&1e pe&ple .,&m hei, me"icai&ns s& he) can
,emem'e, *ha he) *e,e li+e.D

(&c&, Wali sa)s he hea1) a"1e,ising &. a ",#g & ,ea .i',&m)algia ma) gi1e
s&me pe&ple he i"ea ha i can 'e c#,e". He sa)s ha is n& ,eali). An" he sa)s
s#"ies &. .i',&m)algia paiens ha1e sh&*n ha 1e,) .e* ge m#ch 'ee,/ an" s&me
ge m#ch *&,se/ e1en *ih ,eamen. He sa)s i is *,&ng & e-pec ha paiens *ill
a+e a ",#g an" all &. hei, s)mp&ms *ill g& a*a).

COne can p#,s#e &nes healh an" ,) & ge 'ee,/ '# & e-pec a c#,e is #nli+el)
an" he 'es hing ha &ne can "& is s&p chasing c#,es an" "eal *ih he ,eali) &.
&nes si#ai&n.D

(&c&, Wali sa)s ",#g man#.ac#,e,s ma,+e hei, ,eamens 'eca#se he) a,e
c&nce,ne" a'&# ma+ing a p,&.i. He sa)s .i',&m)algia ",#gs a1aila'le &"a) a,e
1e,) limie"/ an" ",#g ma+e,s sh&#l" n& 'e selling a c#,e. He sa)s ha a ,e#,n & a
happ) an" pain2.,ee li.e 'eca#se &. m&"e,n me"icine "&es n& mach he ,eali) &.
.i',&m)algia.

(&c&, Wali sa)s he helps paiens #n"e,san" ha he) a,e n& al&ne in hei,
s#..e,ing. He gi1es hem a 'ee, #n"e,san"ing &. he "isease an" sh&*s hem h&*
&he,s ha1e .&#n" *a)s & li1e *ih i.
Fi',&m)algia s#..e,e,s ha1e lea,ne" & en6&) he g&&" "a)s an" c&n,&l he pain &n
he 'a" "a)s. The) ha1e c&me & accep he .ac ha a li.e *ih&# pain is p,&'a'l)
n& p&ssi'le. H&*e1e,/ he,e a,e m&,e ,eamen ch&ices a1aila'le n&* han in he
pas. As a ,es#l/ an imp,&1emen in he 4#ali) &. hei, li.e is p&ssi'le. 0aiens +n&*
he) ma) 'e a'le & ,egain c&n,&l &. hei, li.e *ih he ,igh me"icine an" ') seing
asi"e ime each "a) & ,es.

E-e,cise li+e *al+ing helps. S& "&es genl) s,eching m#scles an" ph)sical he,ap)/
incl#"ing *ae, he,ap). Help c&#l" als& c&me .,&m ac#p#nc#,e/ )&ga/ a healh)
"ie/ c&#nseling an" em&i&nal s#pp&,.

0e&ple *ih .i',&m)algia s)n",&me can lea" healh) an" p,&"#ci1e li1es. An" he)
can ha1e l&ng an" s#ccess.#l ca,ee,s. E-pe,ience an" 'ee, science ha1e ma"e
.i',&m)algia easie, & c&n,&l .&, man)/ e1en i. he,e is n& a c#,e.

In he *en) )ea,s since .i',&m)algia *as i"eni.ie" an" gi1en a name/ m#ch has
'een *,ien a'&# he "isease. M#ch .,ee an" *ell2"&c#mene" in.&,mai&n a'&#
he "isease is a1aila'le. An" g,&#ps ha1e 'een c,eae" & help "&c&,s *h& ,ea he
"isease an" paiens *h& s#..e, .,&m i.

(&c&, 8#ssell 8&hen'e,g sa)s he .##,e is l&&+ing ',ighe, .&, h&se *h& s#..e,
.,&m .i',&m)algia.

CI "&n +n&* i. I 'elie1e ha he "isease *ill 'e c#,e" in m) li.eime/ '# I h&pe i
*ill. %# I am "e.iniel) &pimisic a'&# h&* m) paiens a,e "&ing an" h&* he) *ill
"& in he .##,e/ 'eca#se he science &. .i',&m)algia is g,&*ing/ s& as he science
g,&*s *e,e g&ing & 'e 'ee, a'le & a+e ca,e &. hese paiens. The,es a lile 'i
less g#ess*&,+ .&, me a his p&in. Thas *ha e-pe,ience an" science ',ing & he
a'le. An" s&/ )es Im e-cie" a'&# he .##,e &. .i',&m)algia. We +n&* a l& m&,e
a'&# i han *e "i" *hen i "i"n ha1e a "iagn&sis name.D

This p,&g,am *as *,ien ') Ch,is&phe, C,#ise. He an" Faih !api"#s *e,e )&#,
ann&#nce,s. O#, p,&"#ce, *as 9#ne Simms. I$m %&' (&#gh).

9&in #s again ne- *ee+ .&, m&,e ne*s a'&# science &n he V&ice &. Ame,ica.
.uestions
=. Wha a,e he s)mp&ms &. .i',&m)algia>
0aiens &.en ha1e pain in hei, m#scles an" 6&ins. An" he) al*a)s .eel
i,e"
?. H&* m#ch n#m'e, &. pe&ple *h& a..ece" ') .i',&m)algia s)n",&me in US
each )ea,>
Up & si- milli&n pe&ple
A. Wh) he "&c&,s &.en ha1e ,&#'le ,ec&gni5ing an" c&n.i,ming he p,esence
&. he "isease>
%eca#se s&me &. he m&s c&mm&n s)mp&ms &. .i',&m)algia a,e he same
as h&se &. &he, "iseases
F. Wha a,e he ,eamens &. .i',&m)algia>
T,eaing .i',&m)algia can 'e "i..ic#l. Since he,e is n& c#,e/ "&c&,s ma)
e-pe,imen *ih "i..e,en ,eamens an" me"icines. S&me ",#gs *&,+ *ih
s&me paiens/ '# "& n& *&,+ *ih &he,s. 0aiens *ih mil" .i',&m)algia
&.en "& n& nee" an) ",#gs. Thei, c&n"ii&n can imp,&1e *ih a c&m'inai&n
&. l&*2impac e-e,cises/ a g&&" "ie/ geing en&#gh ,es an" paien
e"#cai&n
G. Wha me"icines ha c&#l" ,e"#ce .&, a'&# hal. &. paiens pain>
!),ica/ C)m'ala an" Sa1ella
H. Wh) "&es he ,eamen &. .i',&m)algia paiens can 'e c&sl) an" "i..ic#l .&,
"&c&,s>
%eca#se he pain "&es lessen/ i ne1e, g&es a*a) c&mpleel)
I. Wha hings & "& & l&&+ .&, *ha happens *ih paiens ',ain *hen *e ,ea
he pain>
We,e "&ing s&phisicae" E2,a)s/ li+e .#nci&nal M8I an" spec2scanning &
#n"e,san" *ha happens in he ',ains &. paiens *ih .i',&m)algia *hen
he) ha1e pain
J. Wha hings ha c&#l" help hem &n ,egaining hei, c&n,&l &. li.e>
Wih he ,igh me"icine an" ') seing asi"e ime each "a) & ,es
K. Wha hings ha c&#l" 'e a simple ,eamen .&, hem>
E-e,cise li+e *al+ing helps. S& "&es genl) s,eching m#scles an" ph)sical
he,ap)/ incl#"ing *ae, he,ap). Help c&#l" als& c&me .,&m ac#p#nc#,e/
)&ga/ a healh) "ie/ c&#nseling an" em&i&nal s#pp&,
=L. Wha ",#gsMme"icines &. ha "isease *hich c&#l" ma+e si"e2e..ecs in s&me
paiens>
!),ica. !),ica ca#ses si"e2e..ecs in s&me paiens/ incl#"ing p,&'lems *ih
menal c&ncen,ai&n an" aeni&n.
N)e,i T#'#h Se,ing (ise'a'+an &leh Fi',&m)algia
(a,i VOA %ela6a, %ahasa Ingg,is/ ini a"alah Ilm# "i Ne*s. 0a,a pe6a'a Ame,i+a
mengaa+an sin",&m .i',&m)algia mempenga,#hi hingga enam 6#a &,ang "i
Ame,i+a Se,i+a seiap ah#n. (i 'e'e,apa nega,a/ .i',&m)algia "i+aa+an
mempenga,#hi le'ih "a,i iga seengah pe,sen *ania "e*asa "an sa#2seengah
pe,sen "a,i p,ia "e*asa. (alam aca,a +ami ha,i ini/ Faih !api"#s "an Ch,is&phe,
C,#ise lap&,an pen)a+i memai+an ini.

Fi',&m)algia "apa memili+i 'an)a+ ge6ala/ e,mas#+ "ep,esi "an ing+a ene,gi
)ang ,en"ah. Tapi ,asa sa+i 2 se,ing sel#,#h #'#h 2 a"alah masalah #ama. 0asien
se,ing mengalami n)e,i pa"a && "an sen"i me,e+a. (an me,e+a selal# me,asa
lelah.

%an)a+ &,ang "engan .i',&m)algia mengalami +es#lian men"apa+an "&+e, 'ah*a
,asa sa+i me,e+a a"alah n)aa. %e'e,apa ge6ala )ang paling #m#m "a,i
.i',&m)algia a"alah sama "engan pen)a+i lainn)a. A+i'an)a/ "&+e, se,ing
mengalami +es#lian mengenali "an meng+&n.i,masi+an a"an)a pen)a+i.

Meng&'ai .i',&m)algia 'isa s#li. :a,ena i"a+ a"a &'a/ "&+e, m#ng+in
'e,e+spe,imen "engan pe,a*aan "an &'a2&'aan )ang 'e,'e"a. %e'e,apa &'a
'e+e,6a "engan 'e'e,apa pasien/ eapi i"a+ 'e+e,6a "engan &,ang lain. 0asien
"engan .i',&m)algia ,ingan se,ing i"a+ pe,l# &'a2&'aan. :&n"isi me,e+a "apa
mening+a+an "engan +&m'inasi laihan 'e,"ampa+ ,en"ah/ "ie )ang 'ai+/ c#+#p
isi,aha "an pen"i"i+an pasien.

0eng&'aan pasien .i',&m)algia "apa mahal "an s#li 'agi "&+e,/ +a,ena ,asa sa+i
han)a "i+#,angi. Ini i"a+ pe,nah hilang sepen#hn)a.

Ame,i+a F&&" an" (,#g A"minis,ai&n elah men)e#6#i iga &'a #n#+ .i',&m)algia
2 !),ica/ C)m'ala "an Sa1ella. O'a2&'aan ini elah e,'#+i meng#,angi ,asa sa+i
selama se+ia, seengah "a,i pasien.

(&+e, 8#ssell 8&hen'e,g a"alah se&,ang ahli e,+em#+a "i .i',&m)algia. %agi
'an)a+ pasien/ +aan)a/ peng#,angan iga p#l#h pe,sen sa+i s#"ah c#+#p sehingga
me,e+a "apa 'e+e,6a "an meng#,#s +el#a,ga me,e+a. Seelah .i',&m)algia
"ipe,la+#+an/ pasien 'isa sa'il selama 'e,ah#n2ah#n 2 i"a+ men"apa+an )ang
le'ih 'ai+/ eapi i"a+ sema+in '#,#+/ 'ai+.

%e'e,apa pasien elah "igam'a,+an se'agai .i',&m)algia mengam'il +en"ali aas
+ehi"#pan me,e+a "an mem'#a me,e+a men6a"i a*anan #'#h me,e+a sen"i,i.
%an)a+ a+i1ias .isi+ "alam sa# ha,i 'isa mem'#a && sa+i selama 'e'e,apa ha,i
ses#"ahn)a. Sa+i +a+i "apa 'egi# he'a 'ah*a mema+ai sepa# a"alah m#sahil.
%ah+an seelah men"apa+an "elapan 6am i"#,/ 'e'e,apa pen"e,ia e,'ang#n
"engan pe,asaan lelah. :egiaan n&,mal sepe,i 'e,s&sialisasi "engan eman 'isa
men6a"i m#sahil.

0a,a p,&"#sen &'a 0.i5e, mem'#a &'a !),ica/ )ang elah "ii+lan+an se'agai
peng&'aan #n#+ .i',&m)algia. 0a"a ?LLI/ A"minis,asi Ma+anan "an O'a
"ise#6#i !),ica se'agai &'a pe,ama +h#s#s #n#+ pen)a+i ini. S#"i )ang
meli'a+an se,i'# "elapan ,a#s pasien men#n6#++an 'ah*a 'e'e,apa pasien
memili+i se"i+i ,asa sa+i seelah min#m &'a.

F(A "ise'# !),ica pe,+em'angan pening "alam meme,angi pen)a+i "an alasan
#n#+ 'e,ha,ap pa"a pasien. 0a"a saa )ang sama/ +aa 'a"an i# i"a+ "i+eah#i
mengapa !),ica 'e+e,6a. Ia 6#ga mengaa+an 'ah*a i"a+ sem#a &,ang )ang
mengam'il &'a "i'an#. !),ica men)e'a'+an e.e+ samping pa"a 'e'e,apa pasien/
e,mas#+ masalah "engan +&nsen,asi menal "an pe,haian.

F(A 6#ga elah men)e#6#i &'a C)m'ala "an Sa1ella #n#+ meng&'ai .i',&m)algia
pa"a in"i1i"# "i aas #sia "elapan 'elas ah#n.

3ail Ca*+*ell a"alah ,he#ma&l&gis )ang me,a*a ana+2ana+ "an &,ang m#"a
"engan a,h,iis "an .i',&m)algia. (ia 6#ga me,#pa+an Wa+il 0,esi"en "i 0.i5e,.
(&+e, Ca*+*ell mengaa+an +epa"a VOA 'ah*a .i',&m)algia a"alah pen)a+i
)ang sanga mise,i#s )ang elah e,'#+i s#li #n#+ men"iagn&sa "an meng&'ai.
(ia mengaa+an 0.i5e, pe,ca)a !),ica mem'an# "&+e, me,ingan+an ,asa sa+i
pasien me,e+a "an ge6ala lainn)a.
<E.e+ #ama !),ica )ang +ami pe,ca)a a"alah pa"a ,asa sa+i/ +ami pe,ca)a pa"a
menenang+an sa,a. 'e,semanga/ "an "ampa+n)a e,ha"ap .i',&m)algia
+esel#,#han a"a le'ih "a,i se+e"a, ,asa sa+i .i',&m)algia.<

(&+e, Ca*+*ell mengaa+an "ia elah me,a*a ,i'#an pasien .i',&m)algia "alam
lima 'elas ah#n e,a+hi,. (ia mengaa+an 'ah*a/ "engan &'a2&'aan )ang 'ai+/
"&+e, "apa mem'#a pe,'e"aan n)aa "alam +ehi"#pan &,ang2&,ang "engan
.i',&m)algia. (ia mengaa+an pasien 'e,#saha #n#+ menca,i ah# apa )ang e,6a"i
"alam #'#h "an 'agaimana #n#+ men"apa+an )ang le'ih 'ai+.

Tapi "ia mencaa 'ah*a &,ang 'isa seha sa# ha,i "an 'ang#n +ees&+an ha,in)a
"engan pe,asaan lelah "an sem#an)a sa+i. (an/ ia menam'ah+an/ pen)a+i ini
'isa 'e,ahan 'e,ah#n2ah#n/ 'ah+an se#m#, hi"#p.

!),ica a"alah p,&"#+ pening 'agi 0.i5e,. 0a"a ?L=L/ &'a menghasil+an iga milia,
"&la, "alam pen6#alan "i sel#,#h "#nia. (&+e, Ca*+*ell mengaa+an 0.i5e, se"ang
mempela6a,i pasien "engan .i',&m)algia "i Cina "an 9epang. (an "ia mengaa+an
pe,#sahaan se"ang meliha apa )ang "ia se'# <'i&2ma,+e,s< pa"a pen"e,ia
.i',&m)algia. %i&2ma,+e,s mem'an# penelii mengeah#i apa )ang e,6a"i "alam
#'#h &,ang2&,ang "engan pen)a+i aa# +&n"isi me"is. (&+e, Ca*+*ell
mengaa+an i# a"alah pening #n#+ menem#+an 'i&2ma,+e,s #n#+ .i',&m)algia.
<Salah sa# hal )ang 'ena,2'ena, .,#sasi #n#+ pasien "engan .i',&m)algia a"alah
'ah*a i"a+ a"a #n#+ meng#+#, "i la'&,a&,i#m aa# sina,2E. (an +a"ang2+a"ang
&,ang 'e,pi+i, 6i+a An"a i"a+ "apa meng#+#, ses#a# ma+a m#ng+in i# i"a+
n)aa. 9a"i +ia meliha 'i&2ma,+e,s/ +ami mela+#+an E2,a) canggih/ sepe,i M8I
.#ngsi&nal "an spec2scanning #n#+ memahami apa )ang e,6a"i "alam &a+ pasien
"engan .i',&m)algia +ei+a me,e+a memili+i ,asa sa+i/ apa )ang e,6a"i pa"a &a+
me,e+a +ei+a +ia mempe,la+#+an 'ah*a ,asa sa+i. <

(&+e, Ca*+*ell mengaa+an &,ang 6a,ang "i,a*a "i ,#mah sa+i +a,ena
.i',&m)algia/ "an se'agian 'esa, pasien i"a+ meninggal +a,enan)a. (ia
mengaa+an ini a"alah mengapa 'isa s#li #n#+ mengeah#i 'e,apa 'an)a+ &,ang
men"e,ia pen)a+i e,se'#.

0enelii %,ian Wali pe,ca)a 'ah*a sem#a i+lan #n#+ !),ica m#ng+in '#,#+ 'agi
&,ang2&,ang "engan .i',&m)algia. (&+e, Wali a"alah "i,e+#, "a,i 0#sa 0eneliian
Fi',&m)algia "i 3e&,ge&*n H&spial Cene, "i Washing&n/ (C. (ia mempela6a,i
enam p#l#h #6#h pasien "engan pen)a+i e,se'#. Ia +,iis e,ha"ap "&+e, )ang
meliha +e &'a pe,ama #n#+ mem'an# pasien .i',&m)algia me,e+a.

<%an)a+ "a,i apa )ang sa)a la+#+an a"alah 'ena,2'ena, menghap#s &,ang2&,ang
"a,i &'a me,e+a sehingga me,e+a "apa menginga apa )ang me,e+a sepe,i.<

(&+e, Wali mengaa+an i+lan 'e,a "a,i &'a #n#+ meng&'ai .i',&m)algia
m#ng+in mem'e,i+an 'e'e,apa &,ang gagasan 'ah*a hal i# "apa "isem'#h+an.
(ia mengaa+an 'ah*a i"a+ ,ealias. (an "ia mengaa+an s#"i pasien .i',&m)algia
elah men#n6#++an 'ah*a sanga se"i+i men"apa+an 6a#h le'ih 'ai+/ "an
'e'e,apa men"apa+an 6a#h le'ih '#,#+/ 'ah+an "engan pe,a*aan. (ia
mengaa+an i# a"alah salah #n#+ mengha,ap+an 'ah*a pasien a+an mengam'il
&'a "an sem#a ge6ala me,e+a a+an pe,gi.

<Sa# "apa menge6a, +esehaan sese&,ang "an menc&'a #n#+ men"apa+an
)ang le'ih 'ai+/ api #n#+ mengha,ap+an +esem'#han i"a+ m#ng+in "an hal
e,'ai+ )ang 'isa "ila+#+an a"alah 'e,heni menge6a, &'a "an 'e,#,#san "engan
,ealias si#asi sese&,ang.<

(&+e, Wali mengaa+an p,&"#sen &'a pasa, pe,a*aan me,e+a +a,ena me,e+a
+ha*ai, enang mem'#a +e#n#ngan. (ia mengaa+an &'a .i',&m)algia e,se"ia
saa ini sanga e,'aas/ "an pem'#a &'a i"a+ '&leh men6#al &'a. (ia
mengaa+an 'ah*a +em'ali +e +ehi"#pan )ang 'ahagia "an 'e'as ,asa sa+i
+a,ena &'a m&"e,n i"a+ ses#ai "engan ,ealias .i',&m)algia.

(&+e, Wali mengaa+an ia mem'an# pasien memahami 'ah*a me,e+a i"a+
sen"i,ian "alam pen"e,iaan me,e+a. (ia mem'e,i me,e+a pemahaman )ang le'ih
'ai+ "a,i pen)a+i "an men#n6#++an me,e+a 'agaimana &,ang lain elah
menem#+an ca,a #n#+ hi"#p "engan i#.
0en"e,ia .i',&m)algia elah 'ela6a, #n#+ meni+mai ha,i2ha,i )ang 'ai+ "an
meng&n,&l n)e,i pa"a ha,i2ha,i )ang '#,#+. Me,e+a "aang #n#+ mene,ima
+en)aaan 'ah*a hi"#p anpa ,asa sa+i m#ng+in i"a+ m#ng+in. Nam#n/ a"a pilihan
peng&'aan )ang le'ih e,se"ia se+a,ang "a,ipa"a "i masa lal#. A+i'an)a/
pening+aan +#alias hi"#p me,e+a a"alah m#ng+in. 0asien ah# 'ah*a me,e+a
m#ng+in "apa men"apa+an +em'ali +en"ali aas hi"#p me,e+a "engan &'a )ang
epa "an "engan men)isih+an *a+# seiap ha,i #n#+ 'e,isi,aha.

!aihan sepe,i 'e,6alan mem'an#. 9a"i i"a+ lem'# pe,egangan && "an e,api
.isi+/ e,mas#+ e,api ai,. %an#an 6#ga 'isa "aang "a,i a+#p#n+#,/ )&ga/ "ie seha/
+&nseling "an "#+#ngan em&si&nal.

O,ang "engan sin",&m .i',&m)algia "apa men6alani +ehi"#pan )ang seha "an
p,&"#+i.. (an me,e+a "apa memili+i +a,i, )ang pan6ang "an s#+ses. 0engalaman
"an ilm# )ang le'ih 'ai+ elah mem'#a le'ih m#"ah #n#+ meng&n,&l .i',&m)algia
'agi 'an)a+ &,ang/ 'ah+an 6i+a i"a+ a"a &'an)a.

(alam "#a p#l#h ah#n se6a+ .i',&m)algia "ii"eni.i+asi "an "i'e,i nama/ 'an)a+
)ang elah "i#lis enang pen)a+i ini. %an)a+ in.&,masi g,ais "an e,"&+#menasi
"engan 'ai+ enang pen)a+i )ang e,se"ia. (an +el&mp&+ elah "icipa+an #n#+
mem'an# "&+e, )ang meng&'ai pen)a+i "an pasien )ang men"e,ia "a,i i#.

(&+e, 8#ssell 8&hen'e,g mengaa+an masa "epan a"alah menca,i ce,ah 'agi
me,e+a )ang men"e,ia .i',&m)algia.

<Sa)a i"a+ ah# apa+ah sa)a pe,ca)a 'ah*a pen)a+i i# a+an sem'#h "alam
hi"#p sa)a/ api sa)a 'e,ha,ap i# a+an. Tapi a+# pasi &pimis enang 'agaimana
pasien sa)a la+#+an "an 'agaimana me,e+a a+an "ila+#+an "i masa "epan/ +a,ena
ilm# .i',&m)algia 'e,+em'ang/ sehingga ilm# #m'#h +ia a+an le'ih mamp#
me,a*a pasien ini. A"a "#gaan se"i+i +#,ang 'agi sa)a pa"a saa ini. I#lah )ang
pengalaman "an ilm# pengeah#an mem'a*a +e me6a. 9a"i/ )a a+# gem'i,a
enang masa "epan .i',&m)algia. :ia ah# le'ih 'an)a+ enang hal i# "a,ipa"a
)ang +ia la+#+an +ei+a i# i"a+ memili+i nama "iagn&sis. <

0,&g,am ini "i#lis &leh Ch,is&phe, C,#ise. (ia "an Iman !api"#s a"alah pen)ia,
An"a. 0,&"#se, +ami a"alah Simms 9#ni. Sa)a %&' (&#gh).