Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Cabrillo College
CIS 181
Damian Alcaraz CCNA CCAI
Cabrillo College Cisco Networking Academy
Computer Basics
Cabrillo College Cisco Networking Academy
Computer Basics
Cabrillo College Cisco Networking Academy
Coding
• In order to use these “on” and “off” states to
represent words and images, computers use
various kinds of codes (such as ASCII).
Cabrillo College Cisco Networking Academy
0 or 1
Cabrillo College Cisco Networking Academy
01111000
Not exactly…
• Eight bits together make a unit called a
byte, BUT…
• Seven bits grouped together are also,
sometimes, referred to as a byte.
• “Octet” is used to be unambiguous.
Cabrillo College Cisco Networking Academy
1 kilobyte =
1024 bytes,
not bits!
Cabrillo College Cisco Networking Academy
27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1
ASCII
• One of the most common ways to code text
is by using ASCII (the American Symbolic
Code for Information Interchange).
• ASCII uses 7-bits
Cabrillo College Cisco Networking Academy
ASCII
• ASCII codes the letter “A” as 1000001.
• 1000001 is 63 in decimal.
Cabrillo College Cisco Networking Academy
Bandwidth
• Bandwidth is the measure of how much
information can flow from one place to
another in a given amount of time. It’s
measured in:
Bandwidth
Cabrillo College Cisco Networking Academy
Bandwidth
More….
Cabrillo College Cisco Networking Academy
Throughput
• Bandwidth is the potential that a medium such as
fiber optic cable can provide (what can theoretically
get through).
Throughput
Cabrillo College Cisco Networking Academy
Calculating Throughput