You are on page 1of 79

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Huawei Confidential
Internal
47pt
30pt
Color: white
:
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by customers
: Arial







www.huawei.com
UMTS Capacity Planning
ISSUE 4.0
RNP Staff Training Dept.
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 3
Foreword
WCDMA is a self-interference system
WCDMA system capacity is closely related to
coverage
WCDMA network capacity has the soft capacity
feature
The capacity planning of the WCDMA network is
performed under certain traffic models


HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 4
Objectives
After this course, you will
Understand the factors that restrict the
WCDMA network capacity
Understand the methods and procedures
of estimating multi-service capacity
Understand the key technologies for
enhancing network capacity
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 5
1 Traffic Model
2 Uplink capacity analysis
3 Downlink capacity analysis
4 Multi-service capacity estimation
5 Network estimation procedure
6 Capacity enhancement technologies
Contents
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 6
1 Traffic Model
1.1 Overview of traffic model
1.2 CS traffic model
1.3 PS traffic model
Contents
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 7
Service Overview
The WCDMA system supports multiple services
Variable-rate services (e.g. AMR voice)
Combined services (e.g. CS & PS)
High-speed data packet services (384k service)
Asymmetrical services (e.g. stream service )
Large-capacity and flexible service bearing
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 8
QoS Type
Service characters examples
R
e
a
l
-
t
i
m
e

c
a
t
e
g
o
r
y


Conversationa
l
It is necessary to maintain the time relationship
between the information entities in the stream.
Small time delay tolerance, requiring data rate
symmetry
Voice service,
videophone
Streaming
Typically unidirectional services, high requirements
on error tolerance, high requirements on data rate
Streaming
multimedia
N
o
n

r
e
a
l
-
t
i
m
e

c
a
t
e
g
o
r
y


Interactive
Request-response mode, data integrity must be
maintained. High requirements on error tolerance,
low requirements on time delay tolerance
Web page browse,
network game
Background
Data integrity should be maintained. Small delay
restriction, requiring correct transmission
Background
download of
Email
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 9
Objectives of Setting Up Traffic Model
In order to determine the system configuration, we need to
determine the capacity of the air interface first
In the data service, different transmission model will generate
different system capacities
We need to set up an expected data transmission model of the
customer so that we can plan the network properly
In order to set up a right model, the operator should provide
some statistic data as reference
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 10
Traffic Model
Traffic model is a means of researching the capacity features
of each service type and the QoS expected by the users who
are using the service from perspective of data transmission
In the data application, the user behaviour research mainly
forecasts the service types available from the 3G, the number
of users of each service type, frequency of using the service,
and the distribution of users in different regions
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 11
The Contents of Traffic Model
Network configuration
User behaviour
Service pattern
Traffic Model
Results
Capacity planning
Coverage planning
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 12
Typical Service Features Description
Typical service features include the following feature
parameters:
User type (indoor ,outdoor, vehicle)
Users average moving speed
Service Type
Uplink and downlink service rates
Spreading factor
Time delay requirements of the service
QoS requirements of the service
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 13
1 Traffic Model
1.1 Overview of traffic model
1.2 CS traffic model
1.3 PS traffic model
Contents
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 14
CS Traffic Model
Voice service is a typical CS services.
Key parameters of the model
Penetration rate
BHCA Mean busy-hour call attempts
Mean call duration (s)
Activation factor
Mean rate of service (kbps)
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 15
CS Traffic Model Parameters

Mean busy-hour traffic (Erlang) per user = BHCA * mean call
duration /3600
Mean busy hour throughput per user (kbit) (G) = BHCA * mean
call duration * activation factor * mean rate
Mean busy hour throughput per user (bps) (H) = mean busy hour
throughput per user * 1000/3600
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 16
1 Traffic Model
1.1 Overview of traffic model
1.2 CS traffic model
1.3 PS traffic model
Contents
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 17
PS Traffic Model
The most frequently used model is the packet service
session process model described in ETSI UMTS30.03
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 18
PS Traffic Model
Active Dormant
Data Burst Data Burst Data Burst
Packet Call
Session
Packet Call Packet Call
Downloading Downloading
Active Dormant Dormant Active
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 19
PS Traffic Model Parameters

Packet Call Num/Session
Packet Num/Packet Call
Packet Size (bytes)
Reading Time (sec)
Typical Bear Rate (kbps)
BLER
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 20
Parameter Determining
The basic parameters in the traffic model are determined
in the following ways:
Obtain numerous basic parameter sample data from the existing
network
Obtain the probability distribution of the parameters through
processing of the sample data
Take the distribution most proximate to the standard probability
as the corresponding parameter distribution through comparison
with the standard distribution function
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 21
N
BLER
BLER N BLER N BLER N BLER N N
n
*
1
1
* * * *
3 2

= + + + + +
PS Traffic Model Parameters
Typical Bearer Rate (kbps)
Bearer rate is variable in the actual transmission process

BLER
In the PS service, when calculating the data transmission time, the
retransmission caused by erroneous blocks should be considered.
Suppose the data volume of service source is N, the air interface
block error rate is BLER, the total required data volume to be
transmitted via the air interface is:
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 22
PS User Behaviour Parameters
User behavior
Penetrating Rate
BHSA
User Distribution (High,
Medium, Low end)
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 23
PS User Behaviour Parameters

Penetration Rate
The percentage of the users that activates this service to all
the users registered in the network.
BHSA
The times of single-user busy hour sessions of this service
User Distribution (High, Medium, Low end)
The users are divided into high-end, mid-end and low-end
users. Different operators and different application
situations will have different user distributions
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 24


PS Traffic Model Parameters
Session traffic volumeByte Average traffic of single
session of the service


Data transmission time (s) The time in a single session
of service for purpose of transmitting data.


Holding Times Average duration of a single session
of service
e TypicalRat
fficVolume SessionTra
BLER
s issionTime DataTransm
1000 / 8 *
*
1
1
) (

=
) (
Re * ) 1 / (
s issionTime DataTransm
adingTime Session lNum PackketCal e HoldingTim
+
=
) / ( * ) / ( * ) ( Session Num PacketCall PacketCall PacketNum PacketSize fficVolume SessionTra =
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 25
Active factor:
The weight of the time of service full-rate transmission among
the duration of a single session.

Busy hour throughput per user (Kb):

PS throughput equivalent Erlang formula (Erlang)
e HoldingTim
issionTime DataTransm
or ActiveFact =
1000 / 8 * * / fficVolume SessionTra BHSA user roughput BusyHourTh =
PS Traffic Model Parameters
)
3600
( _


=
or ActiveFact redRate TypicalBea
nEviroment Applicatio derTypical roughputUn BusyHourTh
gRate Penetratin User OfDiffrent Percentage Erlang Data
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 26
1 Traffic Model
2 Uplink capacity analysis
3 Downlink capacity analysis
4 Multi-service capacity estimation
5 Network estimation procedure
6 Capacity enhancement technologies
Contents
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 27
Basic Principles
In the WCDMA system, all the cells share the same
frequency, which is beneficial to improve the system
capacity. However, co-frequency multiplexing causes
interference between users. This multi-access
interference restricts the capacity
The radio system capacity is decided by uplink and
downlink. When planning the capacity, we must analyze
from both uplink and downlink perspectives
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 28
N other own TOT
P I I I + + =
Uplink Interference Composition
Interference from the users of
this cell
Interference from users of
adjacent cell
Noise floor of the receiver
own
I
other
I
N
P
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 29
Uplink Interference Composition
Receiver noise floor PN

KBoltzmann constant, 1.38
TKelvin temperature, normal temperature: 290 K
WSignal bandwidth, WCDMA signal bandwidth
3.84MHz
10lg(KTW) = -108dBm/3.84MHz
NF = 3dB (typical value of macro cell BTS)

NF W T K P
N
+ = ) * * log( 10
K J / 10
23
MHz dBm NF W T K P
N
84 . 3 / 105 ) * * log( 10 = + =
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 30
Uplink Interference Composition
Interference from users of this cell
Interference that every user must overcome:
is the receiving power of the user j , is active factor
Under the ideal power control :


Hence, :

The interference from users of this cell is the sum of power of all the
users arriving at the receiver
( )
j j j TOT
j
j
v R
W
P I
P
No Eb
1
/

=
N
j own
P I
1
( )
j j j
TOT
j
v R
W
No Eb
I
P
1
/
1
1 +
=
j total
P I
j
V
j
P
j
P
own
I
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 31
Uplink Interference Composition
: Interference from users of adjacent cell
The interference from users of adjacent cell is difficult to
analyze theoretically, because it is related to user
distribution, cell layout, and antenna direction diagram.
Adjacent cell interference factor
When the users are distributed evenly
- For omni cell, the typical value of adjacent cell
interference factor is 0.55
- For the 3-sector directional cell, the typical value of
adjacent cell interference factor is 0.65
own
other
I
I
i =
other
I
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 32
Define
Then
Uplink Interference Analysis
( )
( )
N
N
j j j
TOT
N other own TOT
P
v R
W
No Eb
I
i
P I I I
+
+
+ =
+ + =

1
1
/
1
1
1
( )
j j j
j
v R
W
No Eb
L
1
/
1
1
1
+
=
( )
N
N
j TOT TOT
P L i I I + + =

1
1
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 33
Obtain
( )

+
=
N
j
N TOT
L i
P I
1
1 1
1
Uplink Interference Analysis
Suppose that:
All the users are 12.2 kbps voice
users, the demodulation threshold
Eb/No = 5dB
Voice activation factor vj = 0.67
Adjacent cell
interference factor
i = 0.55
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 34
Uplink Load Factor
Define the uplink load factor




When the load factor is 1, is infinite, and the
corresponding capacity is called threshold capacity.

Under the above assumption, the threshold capacity is
approx 96 users.
( ) ( )
( )

+
+ = + =
N
j j j
N
j UL
v R
W
EbvsNo
i L i
1 1
1 1
1
1
1 1 q
TOT
I
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 35
Load Factor and Interference
According to the above mentioned relationship,
the noise will rise:
( )
1
1 1
1
1 1
TOT
N
N UL
j
I
NoiseRise
P
i L
q
= = =

+

50% Load 3dB
60% Load 4dB
75% Load 6dB
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 36
Limitation of the Current Method
The above mentioned theoretic analysis uses the
following simplifying explicitly or implicitly:
No consideration of the influence of soft handover
The users in the soft handover state generates the interference
which is slightly less than that generated by ordinary users.
No consideration of the influence of AMRC and hybrid service
AMRC reduces the voice service rate of some users, and makes
them generate less interference, and make the system support
more users. (But call quality of such users will be deteriorated)
Different services have different data rates and demodulation
thresholds. So, we should use the previous methods for analysis,
but it will complicate the calculation process.
Since the time-variable feature of the mobile transmission
environment, the demodulation threshold even for the same service
is time-variable.
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 37
Limitation of the Current Method
Ideal power control assumption
The power control commands of the actual system have
certain error codes so that the power control process is not
ideal, and reduces the system capacity
Assume that the users are distributed evenly, and the
adjacent cell interference is constant
Considering the above factors, the system simulation is a
more accurate method:
Static simulation: Monte_Carlo method
Dynamic simulation
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 38
1 Traffic Model
2 Uplink capacity analysis
3 Downlink capacity analysis
4 Multi-service capacity estimation
5 Network estimation procedure
6 Capacity enhancement technologies
Contents
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 39
N other own TOT
P I I I + + =
Downlink Interference Composition
: Interference from the users of this cell
: Interference from the users of adjacent cell
: Noise floor of the receiver
own
I
other
I
N
P
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 40
Downlink Interference Composition
Receiver noise floor PN

K Boltzmann constant, = 1.38*
T Kelvin temperature, normal temperature 290 K
W Signal bandwidth, WCDMA signal bandwidth 3.84MHz
NF: Receiver noise figure
10lg(KTW) = -108dBm/3.84MHz
NF = 7dB UE typical value


NF W T K P
N
+ = ) * * log( 10
K J / 10
23
MHz dBm NF W T K P
N
84 . 3 / 101 ) * * log( 10 = + =
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 41
Downlink Interference Composition
:Interference from downlink DCH of this cell
The downlink users are identified with the mutually orthogonal
OVSF codes. In the static propagation conditions without multi-
path, no mutual interference exists.
In case of multi-path propagation, certain energy will be detected
by the RAKE receiver, and become interference signals. We
define the orthogonal factor to describe this phenomenon.

In the formula, PT is a total transmitting power of BTS, which includes
the dedicated channel transmitting power and the common channel
transmitting power
( ) ( )
1
T
own j
j
j
P
I
PL
o =

+ =
N
j CCH T
P P P
1
own
I
P
T
PL
j
UE1

UE2

UEj


HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 42
Downlink Interference Composition
: Interference from the downlink DCH of adjacent cell
The transmitting signal of the adjacent cell BTS will cause
interference to the users in the current cell. Since the scrambling
codes of users are different, such interference is non-orthogonal
Assume the service is distributed evenly, the transmitting power of
all BTSs will be equal. k,j In the system, there are K adjacent cell
BTSs, where path loss from the number k BTS to the user j is PLk,j.
Hence we obtain:
( )

=
K
j k
T
j
other
PL
P I
1
,
1
other
I
UE1

UE2

UEj

Cell 1

Cell 2

Cell k

PL
1
,
j
PL
k
,
j
P
T
P
T
P
T
PL
2
,
j


HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 43
Downlink Interference Composition
( )
N
K
j k
T
j
T
j
N other own TOT
P
PL
P
PL
P
P I I I
+ + =
+ + =

1
,
1
1 o
Suppose the power control is desired, we obtain
( )
( )
j j
j
TOT
j
j
j
v R
W
I
PL
P
EbvsNo
1
=
Then
( ) ( )
j
j
TOT j
j
j j
PL I v
W
R
EbvsNo P =
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 44
Because

+ =
N
j CCH T
P P P
1
Then
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
(
(

+ +
(

+ =
(
(

+ +
(

+ =
(

+ =

j N
K
j k
j
T T j
N
j
j
j CCH
N
K
j k
T
j
T
j
N
j j
j
j CCH
N
j j TOT j
j
j CCH T
PL P
PL
PL
P P v
W
R
EbvsNo P
P
PL
P
PL
P
PL v
W
R
EbvsNo P
PL I v
W
R
EbvsNo P P
1
,
1
1
,
1
1
1
1
1
o
o
Downlink Interference Composition
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 45
Resolve PT to obtain
( )
( ) ( )

+
(

+
=
N
j
j
j j j
N
j j
j
j N CCH
T
v
W
R
EbvsNo i
PL v
W
R
EbvsNo P P
P
1
1
1 1 o
where i
j
is the adjacent cell interference factor of the user,
defined as:

=
K
j k
j
j
PL
PL
i
1
,
Downlink Interference Composition
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 46
Downlink Interference Analysis
According to the above analysis, we can define the downlink load
factor:



When the downlink load factor is 100%, the transmitting power of the
BTS is infinite, and the corresponding capacity is called threshold
capacity.
As different from the theoretic calculation of uplink capacity, and
in the downlink capacity formula are variable related to user position.
Namely, the downlink capacity is related to the spatial distribution of
the users, and can only be determined through system simulation.
( ) ( )
(

+ =
N
j
j
j j j DL
v
W
R
EbvsNo i
1
1 o q
j
a
j
i
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 47
Simulation Result
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 48
Simulation Result Analysis
When the transmitting power of the BTS is 43dBm (20W),
the supported maximum number of users is approx 114.
In order to ensure system stability, we do not allow the
mean transmitting power of the BTS to be more than 80%
of the maximum transmitting power, namely, 42dBm. This
way, the supported number of users is 111.
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 49
1 Traffic Model
2 Uplink capacity analysis
3 Downlink capacity analysis
4 Multi-service capacity estimation
5 Network estimation procedure
6 Capacity enhancement technologies
Contents
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 50
4 Multi-service capacity estimation
4.1 Network capacity restriction factors
4.2 Typical capacity design methods
Contents
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 51
Capacity Restriction Factors
The WCDMA network capacity restriction factors in the radio
network part include the following:
Uplink interference
Downlink power
Downlink channel code resources (OVSF)
Channel element (CE)
Iub interface transmission resources
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 52
Downlink Transmit Power
The downlink transmit power has two parts:
one part is used for common channel, and the
other part for dedicated (traffic) channel.


The transmit power is allocated by the cell to
each user varies with service demodulation
threshold, propagation path loss and the
interference received by the user
The downlink transmit power of the cell is
shared by all the users in the cell
We generally use the simulation method to
analyze the downlink interference.

+ =
N
j CCH T
P P P
1
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 53
Downlink Channel Code Resources
The WCDMA network use the codes whose SF is 4~512. The smaller
the SF is, the higher the supported data rate will be.
In the code tree, the allocable codes should meet the following
conditions:
No codes on the path from this code to the root node of code tree are
allocated
No codes in the sub-tree whose root node is this code are allocated
Try to reserve the code words whose SF is small, so as to improve the
utilization efficiency
1
1 -1
1 1
1 1 1 1
1 1 -1 -1
1 -1 1 -1
1 -1 -1 1
C
1,0
C
2,0
C
2,1
C
4,0
C
4,1
C
4,2
C
4,3
SF = 1 SF = 2 SF = 4
1
1 -1
1 1
1 1 1 1
1 1 -1 -1
1 -1 1 -1
1 -1 -1 1
C
1,0
C
2,0
C
2,1
C
4,0
C
4,1
C
4,2
C
4,3
SF = 1 SF = 2 SF = 4
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 54
Downlink Channel Code Resources
Following is an example of code resources allocation
SF 4 8 16 32 64 128 256 512
C(256,0):PCPICH 2
0
C(256,1):PCCPCH 3
0
C(256,2): AICH 6
1
C(256,3): PICH 10
0
C(64,1):SCCPCH 8
0
C(64,2):SCCPCH 9
1
3
0
1
0
1

1
2

3
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 55
Channel Element (CE)
The Channel element the quantitative data that measures the
resources logically occupied for service processing
The resource occupied by the service processing is mainly related
to the spreading factor of this service. The smaller the SF is, the
greater the data traffic will be, and more resources will be
occupied
The SF of typical services are:
AMR12.2kbps SF=128
CS64kbps SF=32
PS64kbps SF=32
PS144kbps SF=16
PS384kbps SF=8
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 56
Channel element (CE)
If we define the resources required for processing AMR 12.2kbps
services as a channel processing unit, the number of channel
processing units occupied by other services is:
Uplink Downlink
AMR12.2kbps 1 1
CS64kbps 3 2
PS64kbps 3 2
PS128kbps 5 4
PS144kbps 5 4
PS384kbps 10 8
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 57
Iub Interface Capacity
The contents transmitted on the Iub interface include:
The user data encapsulated in the AAL2 format (common
channel and dedicated channel)
Signalling data encapsulated in the AAL5 format
BTS operation & maintenance data
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 58
Iub Interface Capacity
Factors to be considered when estimating the interface capacity:
Frame coding efficiency. Through segmentation and encapsulation
of the application data at each layer, the data quantity at the bottom
layer will be increased to different extents compared with the
application data at the upper layers
Traffic. More users will generate more data traffic
Maintenance efficiency. Certain bandwidth is required in the
background maintenance for BTS data transmission
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 59
4 Multi-service capacity estimation
4.1 Network capacity restriction factors
4.2 Typical capacity design methods
Contents
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 60
Erlang-B Formula (I)
Erlang-B formula is used for estimating the peak traffic that meets
certain call loss rate when the average traffic (Erlang) is given
Erlang-B formula is only used for
Circuit switched services
Single service
The WCDMA system provides CS and PS domain multi-services
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 61
Erlang-B Formula (II)
The prerequisite of the Erlang-B is the requests of resources
take on a Poisson distribution, namely, its variance is equal to
its mean value
If, when a service establishes a link, the service requires the
resources which are more than the unit resources, the resource
request is no longer equal to its mean value, and the Erlang-B
formula is not applicable in this case
Comparison of multi-service capacity estimation methods :
Post Erlang-B
Equivalent Erlangs
Campbells Theorem
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 62
Post Erlang-B
By summing up the capacities required for different services, we
obtain the capacities required for the combined services
No consideration of the resource efficiency of different services
capacity
X Erl data
Y Erl voice
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 63
Post Erlang-B (II)
Consider that two services share resources
Service 1: 1 unit resource/connection.12 Erlang
Service 2: 3 unit resources/connection.6 Erlang
Calculate capacity required for each service
Service 1: 12 Erlangs require 19 connections (19 unit
resources), meeting the 2% blocking rate
Service 2: 6 Erlangs require 12 connections (equivalent to
the 36 unit resources of service 1), meeting the 2% blocking
rate
Total 55 unit resources
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 64
Post Erlang-B overestimates
the capacity requirements!
Post Erlang-B (III)
Consider that two services use the same resources
Service 1: 1 unit resource/connection.12 Erlang
Service 2: 1 unit resource/connection.6 Erlang
Calculate capacity required for each service
Service 1: 12 Erlangs require 19 connections, meeting the 2%
blocking rate
Service 2: 6 Erlangs require 12 connections, meeting the 2%
blocking rate
Total 31 unit resources
However, the reasonable results should be: 18 Erlangs require
26 connections for meeting the 2% blocking rate 2
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 65
Equivalent Erlangs (I)
By converting the bandwidth from one service to
another service, combine different services and then
calculate the required capacity
Selecting different services as the measurement
benchmark will lead to different capacity requirements
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 66
Equivalent Erlangs (II)
capacity
X Erl data
Y Erl voice
Voice service to data service
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 67
Equivalent Erlangs (III)
data service to voice service
capacity
X Erl data
Y Erl voice
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 68
Equivalent Erlangs (II)
Consider that two services share resources
Service 1: 1 unit resource/connection.12 Erlang
Service 2: 3 unit resources/connection.6 Erlang
If using service 1 as measurement benchmark, the two services
are equivalent to 30 Erlangs in total
30 Erlangs require 39 connections (39 unit resources), meeting the 2%
blocking rate
If using service 2 as measurement benchmark, the two services
are equivalent to 10 Erlangs in total
10 Erlangs require 17 connections (equivalent to 51 unit resources of service
1), meeting the 2% blocking rate
The predication results
are not unique!
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 69
Campbells Theorem (I)
X Erl data
Y Erl voice
Z Erl dummy service traffic
Basic service
capacity
Dummy service channel
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 70
The Campbell theorem sets up a combined distribution



Here:
is service amplitude, namely, the channel resources
required for a single link of the service.
is the mean value, v is the variance.
i
a
Campbells Theorem (II)
c
ffic OfferedTra
o
=
c
a C
Capacity
i i
) (
=

= =
i
i
i
i
a Erlangs
a Erlangs
v
c
2
o
o
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 71
Campbells Theorem (III)
Consider that two services share resources
Service 1: 1 unit resource/connection.12 Erlang
Service 2: 3 unit resources/connection.6 Erlang
The system mean value is


The system variance is


The capacity factor c is 1
30 6 3 12 1 = + = =
i
a Erlangs o
2 . 2
30
66
= = =
o
v
c
66 3 6 1 12
2 2
2
= + = =
i
a Erlangs v
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 72
Campbells Theorem (III)
Combined traffic is:


The number of connections for meeting the blocking rate of 2% is 21
For the target services that meet the same GoS, the capacity
required is (calculated on the basis of the unit resource of service 1)
Goal is service 1: C1 = (2.221) +1 =47
Goal is service 2: C2 = (2.221) +3 =49
For different services, the same GoS requires different capacities.
For the given capacity, the GoS of different services will differ slightly.
63 . 13
2 . 2
30
= = =
c
ffic OfferedTra
o
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 73
The comparison of the different capacity method
Post Erlang-B
Service 1 (1 unit resource/connection, 12Erl) and service 2 (3
unit resources / connection, 6Erl), requiring 55 unit resources in
total
Equivalent Erlangs
Calculated according to benchmark of service 1 (1 unit
resource/connection, 12Erl), a total of 39 unit resources are
required
Calculated according to benchmark of service 2 (3 unit
resources/connection, 6Erl), a total of 51 unit resources are
required
Campbells Theorem
In the same conditions, 47~49 unit resources are required in total.
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 74
Summary
This chapter deals with the three
methods of estimating the multi-service
capacity
The detailed process of using the
Campbell theorem to calculate the
capacity is described

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 75
1 Traffic Model
2 Uplink capacity analysis
3 Downlink capacity analysis
4 Multi-service capacity estimation
5 Network estimation procedure
6 Capacity enhancement technologies
Contents
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 76
Network Estimation Procedure
Cell
radius
Assumption of cell
load and carrier
number
Uplink capacity
dimension , downlink
capacity dimension
User density
Number of
user per cell
Service message
Compare
over
Adjustment of cell
load and carrier
number
Yes
No
Cell
area
Balance between
capacity and
coverage
dimension?
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 77
1 Traffic Model
2 Uplink capacity analysis
3 Downlink capacity analysis
4 Multi-service capacity estimation
5 Network estimation procedure
6 Capacity enhancement technologies
Contents
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 78
Transmission Diversity TxDiv
Transmission diversity can enhance the downlink
capacity and coverage
Conclusion of capacity enhancement of transmission
diversity
STTD mode: Capacity increase of 17 ~ 24%
TxAA(1) mode: Capacity increase of 16 ~ 23%
TxAA(2) mode: Capacity increase of 31 ~ 37%
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
Color: R153 G0 B0
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial



22pt
:
18pt
Color: Black
Corporate Font :
FrutigerNext LT Medium
Font to be used by
customers and
partners: Arial







Page 79
Sectorization
In the dense urban areas and the normal urban areas with
high traffic, increasing sectors of the BTS is a method of
improving the capacity
6-sectors BTS generally use the antenna whose horizontal
lobe is 33
The capacity of a 6-sector BTS is 1.67 times that of a 3-
sector BTS
The capacity of a 3-sector BTS is 2.77 times that of a omni-
BTS
Thank you
www.huawei.com

You might also like