MENYIASAT ALAM KEHIDUPAN

Year 4


















Basic Needs of Human
Keperluan Asas Manusia

Food /
Makanan
Air
Udara
Give energy / Beri tenaga
Grow / Membesar
Stay healthy / Sihat
1.1 Understanding that humans have basic needs.
Memahami bahawa manusia mempunyai keperluan asas.
Water
Air
Drinks / Minuman
Grow / Membesar
Stay healthy / Sihat
Shelter
Tempat perlindungan
To protect from
Untuk melindungi daripada
- danger
bahaya
- extreme weather
cuaca melampau
- sun & rain /
matahari dan hujan
To breathe
Untuk bernafas













Basic Needs of Animals
Keperluan Asas Haiwan
Food
Makanan
Shelter / Tempat
Perlindungan
Air
Udara
Water
Air
To breathe /
Untuk bernafas
To protect from
Untuk melindungi daripada

- danger
Bahaya

- extreme weather
cuaca melampau

- Sun & rain
Matahari dan hujan

Give energy / Beri tenaga
Grow / Bertumbuh @ Membesar
Stay healthy / Sihat
Drinks / Minuman
Grow / Bertumbuh @ Membesar

Stay healthy / Sihat
1.2 Understanding that animals have basic needs.
Memahami bahawa manusia mempunyai keperluan asas.
Types / Jenis :

- holes / lubang
- cave / gua
- nest / sarang
- beehive / sarang
lebah










































Plants Have Basic Needs
Tumbuhan Mempunyai Keperluan Asas
Air
Udara

Sunlight
Cahaya matahari
Water
Air
With water / Ada air :

- grow healthy / tumbuh dengan sihat
- grow well / tumbuh dengan baik
- not wilted / tidak layu
Without water / Tanpa air:

- wilted / layu
- turn yellow / menjadi kuning
- die / mati
1.3 Understanding that plants have basic needs.
Memahami bahawa tumbuhan mempunyai keperluan asas.








































2.1 Analysing life processes in humans.
Menganalisa proses hidup manusia.

Life Processes of
Humans
Proses Hidup Dilalui Manusia
Respond To
Stimuli
Bergerak balas
Terhadap
Ransangan
Breathing
Pernafasan
Reproduce
Membiak
Organs
Organ
Inhale take in air
Tarik nafas ambil udara
Exhale give out air
Hembus nafas - keluarkan udara
Nose/Mouth Wind-pipe Lungs
Hidung/Mulut Trakea Paru-paru
A process to produce
their young or offspring
Proses untuk menghasilkan
anak
Rate of breath
Kadar pernafasan
Number of chest movements in a
period of time
Bilangan pergerakan dada dalam
sesuatu masa
Organs
Organ
Eyes Sight
Mata - Melihat
Nose Smell
Hidung - Menghidu
Tongue Taste
Lidah - Merasa
Ears Sound
Telinga - Mendengar
bunyi
Skin Touch
Kulit - Sentuhan


Excrete
Berkumuh
Defecate
Bernyahtinja
Kidney ( urine + mineral salt )
Ginjal ( air kencing + garam mineral )
Faeces
Najis

Purpose / Tujuan :

- avoid danger
elak bahaya
- avoid getting hurt
elak dapat luka
- avoid getting injured
elak dapat cedera
- to survive
untuk terus hidup
Lungs ( Carbon dioxide + water vapour )
Paru-paru ( Karbon dioksida + wap air )
Skin ( Sweat + mineral salt )
Kulit ( peluh + garam mineral )
2.2 Being aware that certain behaviour can disturb life processes.
Menyedari bahawa sesetengah perlakuan mengganggu proses hidup.
Smoking /
Merokok
Drinking Alcohol / Minum
Alkohol
Effects / Kesan

- Lung cancer
Kanser paru-paru
- Coughing
Batuk
Effects / Kesan

- Delay respond to stimuli
Lambatkan tindak balas terhadap ransangan

- Lose ability to walk in a straight line
Hilang keupayaan berjalan dengan lurus

- Can cause accidents
Menyebabkan kemalangan
How to avoid
Bagaimana untuk hindari
Participate in campaigns
Ambil bahagian dalam kempen
Advise from their peers
Nasihat daripada rakan sebaya

Occupy time with beneficial
activities
Memenuhi masa dengan aktiviti
berfaedah
Behaviour That Can Disturb Life Processes
Perlakuan yang boleh mengganggu proses hidup
Taking Drug
Mengambil Dadah








































2.3 Analysing the life processes in animals.
Menganalisa proses hidup haiwan.
Animals Life Processes
Proses Hidup Haiwan
Breathe
Bernafas
Excrete
Berkumuh
Reproduce /
Membiak
Lay Eggs /
Bertelur
Give Birth
Lahirkan anak
Organs
Organ
Lungs
Paru-paru

- monkey
monyet
- bird
burung
- whale
paus
Gill
Insang

- fish
ikan
- prawn
udang
Book Lungs


- crab
ketam
Moist skin
Kulit lembap

- frog
katak
- earthworm
cacing tanah
Trachea Structure
Sistem Trakea

- insects
serangga
Defecate /
Bernyahtinja
To get rid of waste product from their
bodies
Untuk menyingkirkan bahan buangan dari
badan
cat
kucing

tiger
harimau

bat
kelawar

whale
paus
butterfly
rama-rama
bird
burung













































Life
processes
plants
undergo
Proses hidup
tumbuhan
Plants respond to stimuli.
water, sunlight, touch, gravity.
Tumbuhan bergerak balas
terhadap ransangan air,cahaya
matahari,sentuhan,graviti


2.4 Understanding the life processes in plants.
Memahami proses hidup tumbuhan.



the part of plant that
responds to gravity.
bahagian pokok yang bertindak
balas terhadap graviti


roots
akar



the part of plant that
responds to water
bahagian pokok yang bertindak
balas terhadap ransangan




roots

akar
the part of plant that responds
to sunlight.
bahagian pokok yang bertindak balas
terhadap cahaya matahari

shoot
pucuk


Permul
aaan
eksperi
men
Akhir
ekspe
rimen
Plants reproduce.
tumbuhan membiak

Seeds balsam, corn,
durian
Biji benih- keembung,
jagung,durian
Spores fern, mushroom
Spora - paku-pakis,cendawan
Suckers banana,
pineapple
Anak pokok- pisang,nenas
Stem cutting hibiscus, rose,
tapioca
Keratan batang- bunga raya ,
ubi kayu
Leaves bryophyllum, begonia
Daun - setawar,begonia
Stem - potato, onion, ginger
Batang - kentang,bawang,halia
Various ways plants
reproduce throughseeds,
spores, suckers, stem
cutting, leaves,
underground stem.
Berbagai cara tumbuhan membiak
melalui.bji benih, spora, anak
pokok,keratan batang, daun,
batang bawah tanah





the part of plant that responds
to touch.
bahagian pokok yang bertindak
balas terhadap sentuhan

Why plants need to reproduce
to ensure the survival of the
species.?
Mengapa tumbuhan perlu membiak?
untuk memastikan kemandirian spesisnya?








Specific characteristics and behaviour
Sifat-sifat dan tingkah laku khas
Sharp claws ( tiger, cat )
Kuku tajam ( harimau, kucing )
Thick and hard skin
( rhinoceros )
Kulit tebal dan keras
( badak sumbu )
Spines ( porcupine )
Berduri ( landak )
Hard scales ( pangolin,
crocodiles )
Sisik keras ( tenggiling,buaya )
Hard shell ( tortoise, snails )
Cangkerang keras ( kura-kura, siput )
Horns ( buffalo, seladang )
Tanduk ( kerbau, seladang )
Pretend to be dead ( beetle, )
Berpura-pura mati ( kumbang )
Camouflage ( cameleon )
Menyamar ( sumpah-sumpah )
Poisonous sting or fang
( centipede, snake )
Sengat atau taring berbisa
( kala jengking, ular )
Spray black ink ( squid )
Mengeluarkan dakwat hitam
( sotong )
Special
characteristics
Ciri-ciri khas

Special behaviour
Tingkah-laku khas
3.1 Understanding that animals have specific characteristics and behaviour to protect
themselves from danger.
Memahami bahawa haiwan mempunyai ciri dan perlakuan khas untuk melindungi diri mereka daripada bahaya.



Specific characteristics and behavior
Sifat-sifat dan tingkah laku khas
Hot weather
Cuaca panas
Cold weather
Cuaca sejuk
Wrinkled Skin
(Elephant ,hippopotamuses
and buffaloes)
Kulit berkedut
(Gajah. badak sumbu, kerbau)
Wallowing
(Elephant, hippopotamuses
and buffaloes)
Berkubang
(Gajah, badak sumbu, kerbau)
Humps
(Elephant, hippopotamuses
and buffaloes)
Berkubang
(Gajah, badak sumbu, kerbau)
Thick Fur
(Polar bears)

Berbulu tebal
(Beruang kutub)
Fat Layers Under Their Skins
(Penguins, seals, and whales)

Lapisan lemak di bawah kulit
(Penguin, anjng laut, ikan paus)
Small Ears
(Seals and Walruses)
Telinga kecil
(Anjing laut, singa laut)
Hibernate
(Polar bears)
Berhibenasi
(Beruang kutub)











The specific
characteristics
Sifat-sifat khas
Have thorns
Berduri

Poisonous
Beracun
Have fine hairs
Berbulu halus
Produces latex
Keluarkan getah
Close leaflets when touch
Daun tertutup bila disentuh
3.4 Understanding that plants have specific characteristics to protect themselves
from enemies.
Memahami bahawa tumbuhan mempunyai ciri-ciri khas untuk melindungi diri mereka daripada musuh.








strong wind
angin kuat
dry region
kawasan kering
Eg : cactus
kaktus

Long roots to absorb water
Akar panjang untuk serap air
Succulent stems can store
water
Batang boleh menyimpan air
Thorns can can prevent the
excessive loss of water
Duri boleh mencegah kehilangan
banyak air
.
Eg: Coconut tree, bamboo tree,
pokok kelapa, pokok buluh


a. Have stems that bend easily
Batang yang mudah bengkok
b. Have buttress roots
Akar banir
c. Have separated leaves
Daun berbilah-bilah
d. Needle- shaped leaves
Daun berbentuk jarum


Specific characteristics of plants to
protect themselves
Sifat-sifat khas tumbuhan untuk melindungi diri
3.5 Understanding that plants have specific characteristics to protect themselves
from dry region and strong wind.
Memahami bahawa tumbuhan mempunyai ciri-ciri khas untuk melindungi diri mereka daripada kawasan
kering dan angin kuat.
The Basic Needs of Human and Animals
Keperluan Asas Manusia dan Haiwan















One evening, when Cik Ti crawled out from its shelter to search for food, it started to rain
heavily. Cik Ti immediately crawled back to its shelter, a hole near a wooden house. Cik Ti
was tired. She also felt hungry. She tried to find some food but there was no food left in the
hole. Oh no I will die without food. said Cik Ti frustrated. Cik Ti moved into the kitchen .
Arghh I am hungry!. Cik Ti screamed. Wow, cheese. Emmm. Delicious. After she
had her food, she was thirsty. She saw a cup of water on the table. Cik Ti drank the water.
Tap! Tap! Tap! Without her knowing, Mamat was ready to trap her into a plastic bag. He tighten
the bag tightly. Help! Help! I cant breath where is the air. Shouted Cik Ti .. Her voice
slowed down . Finally Cik Ti died without air..


Suatu petang ketika Cik Ti merangkak di luar rumahnya untuk mencari makanan, tiba-tiba
hujan turun dengan lebatnya. Cik Ti bergerak pantas untuk kembali semula ke kediamannya, sebuah
lubang di tepi sebuah rumah kayu. Cik Ti penat. Dia mula rasa lapar. Cik Ti cuba mencari makanan
tetapi dia tidak menemuinya di lubang itu. Matilah aku kalau tak ada makanan. rungut Cik Ti . Cik Ti
terus ke dapur rumah itu. Arghh.. laparnya. Tiba-tiba Cik Ti menjerit, wow, keju.. emmm
sedapnya. Selepas makan Cik Ti terasa dahaga. Dia ternampak secawan air di atas meja tersebut. Cik
Ti minum air tersebut dengan gelojohnya. Tap! Tap! Tap! Tanpa disedarinya Mamat telah bersedia
untuk menangkap Cik Ti. Cik Ti terperangkap. Mamat memasukkan Cik Ti ke dalam sebuah beg plastik
dan mengikat beg itu dengan kuatnya. Tolong! Tolong! Aku tak boleh bernafas.. mana udara ni.
Jerit Cik Ti.. Suaranya semakin perlahan...... akhirnya Cik Ti mati tanpa udara.....










What Plants Need to Stay Healthy?



































Thank you for giving me
enough water. I can use it to
make my food.
Terima kasih kerana memberikan
saya air yang cukup. Saya akan
gunakannya untk membuat makanan.
Oh, it is my pleasure. Hope you
grow healthy soon.
Oh , itu sudah tanggungjawab saya.
Harap awak akan hidup subur kelak.
Thank you for keeping me
under direct sunlight. Now I
get enough light. I can use it
to make my food.
Terima kasih kerana meletakkan saya
di bawah cahaya matahari. Kini saya
telah mendapat cahaya yang
mencukupi. Saya boleh gunakkanya
untuk membuat makanan.
Oh, it is my pleasure. Hope
you can grow healthy
soon .
Oh , itu sudah tanggungjawab
saya. Harap awak akan hidup
subur kelak.

Thank you for giving me
enough fertilizer. Now I can get
enough minerals. I can use it
to make my food.
Terima kasih kerana memberikan
saya cukup baja. Kini saya telah
mendapat baja yang mencukupi.
Saya boleh gunakkanya untuk
membuat makanan.
Oh, it is my pleasure. Hope
you can grow healthy
soon .
Oh , itu sudah tanggungjawab
saya. Harap awak akan hidup
subur kelak.

Emmm I feel fresh. I can
breath easily. Thank you. Now
I can get enough air. I can use
it to make my food.
Emmm....saya rasa segar. Terima
kasih. Kini saya telah mendapat
udara yang mencukupi. Saya boleh
gunakkanya untuk membuat
makanan.
Oh, it is my pleasure. Hope
you can grow healthy
soon .
Oh , itu sudah tanggungjawab
saya. Harap awak akan hidup
subur kelak.


THE EXCRETION PROCESS
PROSES PERKUMUHAN

No.
Bil
Organs Diagram
Gambarajah Organ
Waste Products
Bahan Buangan
1.
Kidney / Buah Pinggang







Urine + water vapour

Air Kencing + wap air

2.

Lungs / Paru-Paru




Carbon Dioxide + water vapour

Karbon dioksida + wap air

3.

Skin / Kulit





Sweat + Water Vapour + Mineral
salt

Peluh + wap air + garam mineral








Ureter
Kidney


Plants Respond To Stimuli
Tumbuhan bergerakbalas terhadap ransangan
(Pussy Cat Song)


Oh Fresh Roots, Oh Fresh Roots where are going ?
I want to go down to meet my gravity.








Oh Fresh Roots, Oh Fresh Roots why are you here?
Im going down to the soil to absorb water.


Oh Green Shoot, Oh Green Shoot why are you going up?
I can go up to search for sunlight.












The roots respond to water.
Akar bergerakbalas terhadap air.
The shoot responds to sunlight
Pucuk bergerakbalas terhadap cahaya
matahari..



The Breathing Structure of Animals























Gill
Insang
Trachea Structure
Struktur Trakea
Windpipe
Salur Trakea
Nose
Hidung
Lung
Paru-paru
Moist Skin
Kulit Lembab
Lung
Paru-paru
Trachea Structure
Struktur Trakea
Nose Wind Pipe Lungs
Hidung Trakea Paru-paru
Air Passage
Peredaran Udara
Lung
Paru-paru






Animal Defense From Extreme Weather

































Long Ears Desert Fox
Small Ears Cold Region
Animals
Thick Fat In Tails
Kangaroo Rats

Rest Desert Animals
Wallowing In Mud -
Rhinoceroses
Thick Layers Of Fat
Penguins
Thick Furs - Polar
Hump - Camels
Penguin
Kangaroo Rat Camel
How I Survived An Animal Which Live in a Pond
My Story

I am a _____________________ who lives in the pond. The pond that I live in

is full of____________________ and _______________________. Some days it is

hard to stay alive! I protect myself from other animals by _______________________.

I also have to have four basic things in order to live. They are _____________

____________, ________________, and ____________________. I also

stay alive by __________________________________. Its easy for me to catch and
eat.

Another animal that lives in the pond with me is the _______________. He

likes to eat _________________. Sometimes he hides from other animals by
___________________.

But sometimes he is seen by the ___________________ and is eaten! He has to be very
quick to stay alive. I like living in the pond.



using my wax and poisonous skin.
catching my preys with my long tongue.
gliding quietly

NATURAL DEFENSE IN PLANTS
PERLI NDUNGAN SECARA SEMULAJ ADI OLEH TUMBUHAN









































I have sharp thorns.
Dont come near me.
Saya ada duri yang tajam.Jangan dekati
saya.
I am sensitive. I will fold my leaflets.
Please dont touch me
Saya sensitive.Saya akan menguncupkan
daun-daun saya apabila disentuh.

I have latex.
I will stick on you.
Saya ada getah.
Saya akan melekat pada awak.

My fine hairs will cause itchiness.
Dont come near me. I will make you
itchy.
Bulu halus pada saya boleh menyebabkan
kegatalan.
Jangan dekati saya. Saya akan
menggatalkan awak.
ADAPTATION TO NATURE
PENYESUAI AN DI RI TERHADAP ALAM SEMULAJ ADI

































Cactus, how do you get
water in this dry region?
Kaktus, bagaimana awak
mendapat air di kawasan kering
seperti ini?
I have long roots.
So I can go deep in the soil to get
water.
Saya ada akar yang panjang.
Jadi saya boleh pergi jauh ke dalam tanah
untuk mendapatkan air
I have needle shaped leaves.
So I lose less water.
Saya mempunyai daun berbentuk
jarum,jadi saya kurang hilang air.
My thick stem can store more
water for me.
Batang tebal saya membolehkan menyimpan
lebih banyak air untuk saya.
Coconut tree, how do you survive
from strong winds?
Pokok kelapa, bagaimana awak bertahan
daripada angin kencang?
Oh, I have strong buttress roots.
It is easy for me to defend from
strong winds.
Oh, saya ada akar banir yang kuat.
Ia memudahkan saya untuk menahan angin
yang kuat.
My leaves are divided so that they do
not break easily.
The trunk helps them to sway with the
wind.
Daun-daun saya adalah berbilah-bilah jadi
mereka tidak terpecah dengan mudah.
Batang pokok saya membantu mereka
bergoyang bersama angin.







MENYIASAT DAYA DAN TENAGA
Year 4


















































1.7 Standard units
Unit seragam


1.5 Mass
Berat
1.6 Time
Masa


1.2 Area
Luas

1.3 Volume
Isipadu
1.3 Solid
Pepejal
1.4 Liquid
Cecair

1.1 Understanding the measurement of length
Memahami ukuran panjang
Measurement
Ukuran
1.1 Length
Panjang







Length
Panjang
Terminology
Istilah
-The distance between
two points/ place /
position
Jarak di antara dua
titik/tempat/kedudukan
Ways to measure
Cara menyukat
Measuring
tape
Pita pengukur
Cubit
Hasta
Arm
span
Depa
String
Tali
Ruler
Pembaris
Standard Tools
Alat Piawai
Measuring
tape
Pita pengukur
Ruler
Pembaris
Unit
Unit
mm
mm
cm
sm
m
m
km
km
Correct technique
Teknik yang betul
-The eye must be
directly above
the end of object
Mata mesti tepat pada
bahagian bawah hujung
benda

1.1 Understanding the measurement of length
Memahami ukuran panjang















































1.2 Area
Luas
-Area is the amount of
space taken up by the
surface of an object.
Luas ialah jumlah ruang yang
dipenuhi pada permukaan
sesuatu objek
Terminology
Istilah
-Using square card with a
sides of 1 centimetre
Menggunakan kad segi empat dengan
tepinya 1 sentimeter
Standard unit
Unit piawai
-Square millimetres (mm
2
)
Milimeter persegi (mm)
-Square centimetres (cm
2
)
Sentimeter persegi (cm)
-Square metres (m
2
)
Meter persegi (m)
-Square kilometres (km
2
)
Kilometer persegi (km)
1cm
1cm
Different ways to measure area
Cara- cara untuk menyukat luas
-Using formula
Guna rumus
Area = length X width
Luas = panjang X lebar
2c
m
4c
m
= 4cm X 2 cm
= 8cm
2



3cm
3cm
- by placing uniform objects
such as tiles, books and
stamps on the surface of
the objects
dengan meletakkan objek
seperti jubin, buku dan setem
pada permukaan objek

1.2 Understanding how to calculate area
Memahami cara mengira luas



Volume
Isipadu
Terminology
Istilah
The amount of space that something takes up
Jumlah ruang yang dipenuhi oleh sesuatu
1.3 Solid
Pepejal

1.4 Liquid
Cecair
Formula
Rumus
Length x width x height
Panjang x lebar x tinggi
Standard Units
Unit seragam
Tools
Alat
Measuring cylinder
Silinder penyukat
ml, l
ml, l
Correct technique
Teknik yang betul
a) taking the reading at the lowest part of the meniscus.
mengambil bacaan pada bahagian paling rendah pada meniskus
b) eyes must be at the same level as the lowest part of the
meniscus
mata mesti sama pada aras paling rendah pada meniskus
Standard Units
Unit piawai
mm, cm, m
mm, sm, m

1.2/1.3 Understanding how measure the volume of solid and liquid
Memahami cara mengira isipadu pepejal dan cecair






Mass
Berat
Terminology
Istilah
Amount of matter in an object
Jumlah benda dalam objek
Tools
Alat
Electronic balance
Neraca elektronik
Beam balance
Neraca palang
Kitchen scale
Penimbang dapur
Bathroom scale
Penimbang berat
badan
Lever balance
Neraca tuas
Standard unit
Unit piawai
Mg
mg
g
g
kg
kg
Correct technique
Teknik yang betul

1.5 Understanding how measure mass
Memahami cara menyukat berat






Time
Masa
Terminology
Istilah
Duration between two moment
Tempoh antara dua ketika
Way to measure
Cara untuk mengukur
-Sundial , sand clock , candle clock
-Jam bayang, jam pasir, jam lilin
A process that repeats uniformly can be
used to measure time
Proses yang berulang secara sekata boleh
digunakan untuk menyukat masa
-swinging of a pendulum
ayunan bandul
-pulse rate
denyutan nadi
-water dripping
titisan air
-change day and night
perubahan siang dan malam
Tool
Alatan
Standard unit
Unit piawai
Second , minute , hour
Saat, minit, jam
-Digital clock, watch, wrist watch
Jam digital, jam, jam tangan
Old clock
Jam lama
Events that can be used measure time
Kejadian boleh digunakan untuk menyukat
masa

1.6 Understanding how to measure time
Memahami cara mengukur masa

























The Importance of Standard Units
Kepentingan unit piawai
for accuracy and consistency
untuk tepat dan konsisten
easy to communicate and understand
mudah untuk berkomunikasi dan difahami

1.7 Realising importance of using standard units
Menyedari kepentingan menggunakan unit yang piawai
MEASUREMENT SONG
( Sing To : When I go to school tune )





























When I want to measure the
length
Then I use my hand -3x

When I want to measure the
length
Then I use my hand
All are in my body parts

The arm span, cubit, foot and
span
Are the measurement I use - 3x
All are my body parts
Bila nak mengukur panjang
saya guna tangan 3x

Bila nak mengukur panjang
saya guna tangan
Semuanya anggota badan

Depa, hasta,kaki dan jengkal
Anggota yang (digunakan 3x
Semua anggota badan
When I want to measure the
length
I use the tape - 3x

When I want to measure the
length
I use the tape
All are the unit I use

The milimetre, centimetre, metre,
and kilometre are the unit I use -
3x
All are in standard units
Bila nak mengukur panjang
Saya guna pita 3x

Bila nak mengukur panjang
Saya guna pita 3x
Inilah unitnya

Milimeter, sentimeter, meter,
dan kilometer
Unit yang (digunakan 3x
Semua unit piawai
When I want to measure the mass
Then I use the tools 3x

The milligram and gram and the
kilogram 3x
All are the unit I use

The beam and lever balance,
kitchen and the bathroom scale 3x
All are used to measure mass


Bila nak mengukur jisim
Saya guna alat 3x

Miligram dan gram dan
kilogram 3x
Inilah unitnya

The beam and lever balance,
kitchen and the bathroom scale
3x
Semua tuk mengukur berat


Unit 4/Lesson 1
Measuring Length/Mass
Defense Of Plants

THE STORY OF TIME
CERI TA TENTANG MASA


Galileo Galilei was the first person to use events that repeat uniformly
to measure time such as the pendulum clock. From then onwards, the wall clock
and modern clock were invented.

Galileo Galilei merupakan orang pertama menggunakan peristiwa yang berulang
secara seragam untuk mengukur masa seperti jam bandul. Daripada situ, jam dinding dan jam
moden telah dicipta.

Ancient Clocks









Sand Clock Sundial Clock Candle Clock

Modern Clock








Wall clock Stop Watch Watch














MENYIASAT ALAM BAHAN
Year 4









Properties of materials
Sifat bahan


Insulator
Penebat

Penebat
Float on water
Terapung atas air
Conduct electricity
Mengalirkan elektrik

Mengalirkan arus
elektrik
metal
logam
Conduct heat
Mengalirkan haba
Sink in water
Tenggelam dalam
air
Light to pass through
Cahaya boleh melaluinya

Cahaya melaluinya
Can be stretch
Boleh diregangkan
wood
kayu
stone
batu
rubber band
gelang getah
glass
kaca
carbon
karbon
plastics
plastik
metal
logam
wood
kayu
1.1 The properties of materials
Sifat bahan





Applying knowledge properties of materials in everyday life
Aplikasi pengetahuan sifat bahan dalam kehidupan seharian
Suggest ways to keep things hot

Cadangan untuk menyimpan benda
panas
Covered with insulators
Balut dengan bahan penebat
Suggest ways to keep things cold

Cadangan untuk menyimpan benda sejuk
hot thing
benda panas
cold thing
benda sejuk
to prevent heat loss
untuk menghalang kehilangan haba
prevent from absorbing heat
halang daripada serap haba
1.2 Applying knowledge of properties of materials in everyday life
Mengaplikasi pengetahuan tentang sifat bahan dalam kehidupan seharian















Uses of materials based on their properties
Penggunaan bahan berdasarkan kandungan
transparent
lutsinar
glass
kaca
glasses
gelas
soft
lembut
wood
kayu
tissue
tisu
hard
keras
metal
logam
spoon
sudu
properties
sifat
materials
bahan
object
objek
cheap
murah
easy to get
senang didapati
strength
kuat
good quality
kualiti baik
1.3 Synthesising the knowledge about uses of materials based on their properties
Mensintesis pengetahuan mengenai penggunaan bahan berdasarkan kandungan
List of object and
materials that they are
made of
Senarai objek dan bahan
yang dibuat daripada:
Reasons why particular
materials are used
to make an object
Keterangan mengapa bahan tertentu
digunakan untuk membuat objek




Natural materials
Bahan semulajadi

Bahan semulajadi
Man-made materials
Bahan buatan

Bahan buatan
wood
kayu
metal
logam
rubber
getah
cotton
kapas
plastics
plastik
synthetic cloth
kain sintetik
glass
kaca
State that man-made materials are made by man from natural materials
Nyatakan bahan buatan dibuat dari bahan semulajadi
reducing
mengurangkan
reusing
guna semula
recycling
kitar semula
public transport
pengangkutan awam
plastic bag
beg plastik
bottle
botol
plastics
plastik
glass
kaca
The importance of reuse, reduce and recycle of materials
Kepentingan guna semula, pengurangan dan kitar semula bahan


Kepentingan guna semula, pengurangan dan kitar semula bahan
1.4 Knowing the importance of reusing, reducing and recycling.
Memahami kepentingan guna semula, pengurangan dan kitar semula bahan
















Rusting can be prevented
Pengaratan boleh dicegah
Different ways to prevent objects from rusting
Cara berbeza untuk menghalang objek daripada
berkarat
Coating with non rusting
materials
Menyadurkan dengan bahan tidak
berkarat
*paint
cat
*minyak

*grease
gris
The necessity to prevent rusting
Keperluan mencegah pengaratan
*Longlasting Live
Tahan lebih lama
*Save natural resources
Selamatkan bahan asal
*Save cost
Jimat kos
*Looks good
Mencantikkan
*Conclusion; Rusting can be avoided by preventing iron contact with air and water.
* Kesimpulan;Pengaratan boleh dihindarkan dengan menghalang ia bertindak balas
dengan air dan udara

1.5 Understanding that some materials can rust
Memahami sesetengah bahan boleh perkarat


Rusting can be prevented
Pengaratan boleh dicegah
Rusty
objects

Objek
berkarat
Non rusty objects
Objek tidak berkarat
Objects made of iron and
steel
Objek yang diperbuat daripada
besi

dan keluli
Object made of glass, plastic,
wood, clay and silk
Objek yang diperbuat daripada
kaca,plastik, kayu, tanah liat dan
sutera
*Nail
Paku

*Spoon
Sudu

*Knife
Pisau

*Needle
Jarum
*Glass
Kaca

*Bottle
Botol

*Cup
Cawan

*Pencil
Pensil

1.6 Understanding the rusting can be prevented
Memahami pengaratan boleh dicegah


MATERIALS AROUND YOU





-The Properties Of Materials-























MATERIALS
WOOD RUBBER PLASTIC
GLASS


METAL
COTTON

-Floats
on water
-
Insulator
-Can
absorbs
water
-Insulator
-Conducts
electricity
-Conducts
heat
-Conductor
-Allow
light to
pass t
through
them
-Insulator
-Can be
stretched
-Insulator
Insulator
-Terapung
di atas air
-Penebat
-Boleh
menyerap
air
-Penebat -Mengalirkan
elektrik
-Mengalirkan
haba
-Konduktor
Membenarkan
cahaya
menembusinya
-Penebat
-Boleh
diregang

-Penebat
Penebat

Opaque, Translucent and Transparent
Legap, Lutsinar dan Lutcahaya





































Wooden Door
(opaque)
Glass Door
(Translucent)
Clear glass Door
(Transparent)
I cant see you.
Saya tak nampak awak.
I can see you but not clear.

Saya nampak awak tapi kurang jelas.
I can see you clearly.

Saya nampak awak dengan jelas.
Unit 5/Lesson 4
Fantastic materials
SYNTHETC
CLOTH
KAIN
SINTETIK




NATURAL AND MAN MADE
BAHAN SEMULAJADI DAN BUATAN MANUSIA







NATURAL

MATERIALS



BAHAN
SEMULAJADI






MAN-MADE
MATERIALS

BAHAN
BUATAN
MANUSIA









RUBBER
GETAH
SILK
SUTERA
LEATHER
KULIT
WOOD
KAYU
METAL
LOGAM
GLASS
KACA
COTTON
KAPAS
CLAY
TANAH
LIAT
FUR
BULU
PLASTIC
PLASTIK
NYLON
NILON
RAYON
RAYON
Unit 5/Lesson7
Natural and Man made







MENYIASAT BUMI & ALAM SEMESTA
Year 4









































WEEK : 19
TOPIC : Investigating The Earth & Universe Year 4
Menyiasat & Alam Semesta Tahun 4
Mind Map / Mind Power Peta Minda / Kuasa Minda
TIME : 3 hour / 3 jam

Listen and understand teachers explanation about the mind map and mind
power.
Dengar dan fahamkan penerangan guru tentang peta minda dan kuasa minda.
The solar system
Sistem Solar
List of
constituents
Senarai ahli
List of planets
Senarai planet
Planets move around the Sun
Planet beredar mengelilingi matahari
-Nine Planets
Sembilan planet
-Natural satellites
Satelit semulajadi
-Meteors
Meteor
-Comets
Komet
-Asteroids
Asteroid
1.1 Understanding the Solar System
Memahami Sistem Solar
Mercury My
Utarid
Venus Very
Zuhrah
Earth Excellent
Bumi
Mars Mother
Marikh
Jupiter Just
Musytari
Saturn Served
Zuhal
Uranus Us
Uranus
Neptune Nine
Neptun
Pluto Pudding
Pluto


(4:1)
(100:1)
The relative size
and distance
between
the Earth, the
Moon and the Sun
Saiz dan jarak relatif di
antara
Bumi, Bulan dan
Matahari
Size of the Sun relative
to the size
of the Earth.
Saiz Matahari relatif saiz
Bumi
Size of the Earth relative
to the size
of the Moon.
Saiz Bumi relatif saiz Bulan
The relative distance from the Earth
to the Sun compared
to the relative distance from the
Earth to the Moon.
Jarak relatif dari Bumi ke Matahari
berbanding jarak relative dari Bumi ke Bulan
the Sun
Matahari
1
the Earth
Bumi
100
the Earth
Bumi
1
the Moon
Bulan
4

the Sun
Matahari
the Earth
Bumi
the Moon
Bulan

150 000 000 km
382 500 km
1 : 400
1.2 Understanding the relative size and distance between the Earth, the Moon and
the Sun
Memahami perbandingan saiz dan jarak antara Bumi, Bulan dan Matahari


Earth in the
Solar System
Bumi dalam Sistem
Solar
Why certain planets are
not conducive for living
things.
Mengapa sesetengah planet
tidak sesuai
untuk benda hidup
Effect
Kesan
The Earth is the only
planet in the Solar System
that has living things.
Hanya planet Bumi dalam
Sistem Solar yang mempunyai
benda hidup

The nearer a planet is to the Sun,
the hotter is the surface of the planet.
Planet yang dekat dengan matahari mempunyai
permukaan yang paling panas
The further a planet is from the Sun,
the colder is the surface of the planet.
Planet yang paling jauh dari matahari
mempunyai perrmukaan yang paling
sejuk.
Do not have enough air and water.
Tidak mempunyai air dan udara yang mencukupi
Much nearer :
Lebih dekat
The temperature on Earth
rise.
Suhu di bumi akan meningkat
Water on Earth would
evaporate.
Air di bumi akan tersejat
No water and the temperature
be very hot.
Tiada air, suhu akan jadi lebih panas.
Much further :
Lebih jauh
The temperature on Earth
would drop.
Suhu di bumi akan menurun
Water would freeze into ice.
Air akan membeku menjadi ais.
All living things would die.
Semua benda hidup akan mati.

Earth is the third planet from the Sun, it receives enough
light and heat from the Sun.
Bumi adalah planet ketuga dari matahari, ia menerima
cahaya dan haba secukupnya
It is not too hot or too cold.
Ia tidak terlalu sejuk atau panas.
The atmosphere of the Earth contains air and there is
water on Earth.
Atmosfera bumi mengandungi udara dan air di bumi
1.3 Appreciating the perfect placement of the planet Earth in the Solar System
Menghargai kedudukan yang sempurna planet Bumi dalam Sistem Solar

OUR SOLAR SYSTEM
SISTEM SOLAR KITA



MERCURY MAKAN
VENUS VITAMIN
EARTH E
MARS MULUT
JUPITER JADI
SATURN SENGET
URANUS URAT
NEPTUNE NAK
PLUTO PUTUS



The nine planets from the sun.
Sembilan Planet daripada Matahari.
























MY
VERY
EASY
METHOD
JUST
STOP
USING
NINE
PLANET









MENYIASAT DUNIA TEKNOLOGI
Year 4









Development
Of Technology
Pembangunan
teknologi

Examples
Contoh

Technology
Teknologi
1.2 Understanding the development of technology
Memahami pembangunan teknologi
Agriculture
Pertanian
e.g;

hoe plough tractor combine harvester
Lubang bajak traktor mesin penuai


Transportation
Pengangkutan

Land/ Darat
Animal bicycle car train
Haiwan basikal kereta kereta api

Air/Udara
Hot air balloon airship glider aeroplane


Belon panas kapal udara glider kapal terbang

Water/Air
Canoe raft sampan ferry ship

Kenu rakit sampan feri kapal
Construction
Pembinaan

Cave hut wooden house apartment



Gua pondok rumah kayu rumah pangsa



Communication
Komunikasi

Drawing carrier pigeon telephone


Lukisan pembawa utusan telefon






Importance of technology in everyday life
Kepentingan teknologi dalam kehidupan seharian

Examples of human limitations are
Contoh had keupayaan manusia

Unable to see fine objects
Tidak boleh melihat objek yang kecil

Unable to speak very loud
Tidak boleh bercakap dengan kuat

Unable to walk for long distances
Tidak boleh berjalan jauh

Unable to see far away objects
Tidak boleh melihat objek yang jauh

Microscope
Mikroskop

- The usage of lens to see fine
features of objects and microbes
Penggunaan kanta untuk melihat benda dan
mikrob yang halus

Microphone
Mikrofon
-To increase the voice volume
Untuk meninggikan suara

Telephone
Telefon
-To communicate from long distance
Untuk berkomunikasi dari jarak yang jauh

Bicycle, motorcycle, airplanes
Basikal,motosikal , kapal terbang

-Can travel long distance in a shorter time
Boleh pergi ke tempat jauh dalam masa yang
singkat

Telescope, binoculars
Teleskop, binocular

-To see far away objects
Untuk melihat objek yang jauh
Limitation of human ability
Had keupayaan manusia
Devices to overcome human
limitations
Alat mengatasi had keupayaan
manusia
1.1 Understanding the importance of technology in everyday life
Memahami kepentingan teknologi dalam kehidupan seharian







Problems encounter in our daily
life
Masalah yang dihadapi dalam kehidupan
sehari
Ideas to solve the problems
identified
Idea untuk menyelesaikan masalah
dikenal pasti
Technology to solve problems
Teknologi menyelesaikan masalah
Cannot move and lift heavy things
Tidak boleh beregerak dan angkat benda
berat

Cannot move
Tidak boleh bergerak jauh

Sketch the model
Lakar model

Brain storming
Mencari idea

Wheel barrow
Kereta sorong

1.3 Synthesising how technology can be used to solve problem
Sintesis bagaimana teknologi boleh digunakan untuk menyelesaikan masalah
Device to solve the problem
identified.
Alat untuk menyelesaikan masalah
dikenalpasti

Lever
Tuas

Demonstrate that the device
invented can be used to solve the
problem identified
Demontrasi bahawa alat yang dicipta
boleh digunakan untuk menyelesaikan
masalah yang dikenal pasti

Wheel barrow can move heavy things
easily
Kereta sorong-boleh mengangkat benda berat
dengan senang

Pulley can lift anything
Takal boleh mengangkat apa sahaja

Advantages of
Technology
Kelebihan teknologi
Disadvantages of
Technology
Kelemahan teknologi
Communication
Komunikasi
Enable human to learn more about
things happening around the world
Membolehkan manusia mengetahui benda yang
berlaku di seluruh dunia

Transportation
Pengangkutan
Enable human to travel to far away
places in a shorter time
Membolehkan manusia pergi ke tempat yang jauh
dalam masa yang singkat

Agriculture
Pertanian
Machines make it easier to plant and
harvest the crops
Mesin memudahkan untuk menanam dan menuai

Construction
Pembinaan
Roads, highways, bridges and
Buildings are easier and faster to build
Memudahkan pembinaan jalan, lebuh raya,
jambatan dan bangunan
Environmental pollution from increase in
waste materials
Pencemaran alam daripada penambahan sisa
buangan

Environmental destruction results from
excessive usage of natural resources
Kemusnahan alam kesan daripada penggunaan
sumber semulajadi
yang berleluasa

Social problem
Masalah sosial

Bad effects on health result from
environmental pollution and excessive
use of chemicals
Kesan buruk kepada kesihatan kesan daripada
pencemaran sekitar dan penggunaan bahan kimia
secara berleluasa
1.4 Analysing that technology can benefit mankind if used wisely
Menganalisa bahawa teknologi memberi manfaat jika digunakan secara bijaksana

HUMAN LIMITATIONS AND WAYS TO OVERCOME
KETIDAKUPAYAAN MANUSIA DAN CARA MENGATASINYA
































Use the phone Use the car Use the aeroplane Use the computer
Guna telefon Guna kereta Guna kapal terbang Guna komputer






We cant fly.
Kami tak boleh
terbang.
Can we save the
data?
Boleh tak kita simpan
data ini?
I cant walk,
anymore.
Saya tak boleh
berjalan lagi.
I cant contact
you.
Saya tak dapat
menghubungi awak
HOW TO OVERCOME THE PROBLEM?
Bagaimana menyelesaikannya ?









MENYIASAT ALAM KEHIDUPAN
Year 5







1.1 Understanding that microorganism is a living things.
Memahami mikroorganisma adalah benda hidup.
microganism
Mikroorganisma
Bakteria
Fungi
Kulat
Protozoa
Virus
Virus
Cannot be seen with
The naked eyes
Tidak boleh dilihat dengan
mata kasar
Grow
Membesar
Move
Bergerak
Breathe
Bernafas
Characteristics
Ciri.Ciri
Mengepam air,Cause the
dough to rise
Menyebabkan adunan
tepung menaik.
Rotten oranges
limau busuk
Mouldy rice
Nasi berkulat
Halus

Some Organisms Are Harmful And
Some Are Useful
Beberapa mikoorganisma yang berbahaya
dan berguna


Useful
berguna
Harmful
Berbahaya
cause
Menyebabkan

Penyakit
Sumber-
sumber
TenagaFood
Poisoning
Keracunan
makanan

P Pa ak ks si iFood
to go bad
Makanan
basi

Tooth
Decay
Gigi mereput
Prevention
Cara mencegah
Disease
Penyakit
ach upset
Sakit perut
Cough
batuk
Tooth decay
Gigi mereput
Conjunctivitis
Sakit mata

Washing hands
Membasuh tangan
Drinking boiled
water
Minum air yang
dimasak
-In making food
buat makanan
(bread/tapai/tempe/yogurt)
( roti,tapai,tempe, yogurt )
-In making fertilizer
buat baja
-In making medicine
buat ubat
Covering mouth
& nose when
coughing &
sneezing
Menutup mulut dan
hidung apabila
batuk dan bersin
1.2 Understanding that some microorganism are harmful and some are useful.
Memahami beberapa mikroorganisma yang berbahaya dan berguna.

Survival of
Animal
Species

Kemandirian Spesis
Haiwan



Examples of animals that take
care of their eggs and young.
Contoh haiwan yang menjaga telur dan anak.
HOW ANIMALS TAKE CARE OF
THEIR EGGS AND YOUNG.
Bagaimana haiwan menjaga telur dan anak
mereka .
Why animals take care of
their eggs and young?
Mengapa haiwan melindungi telur
dan anaknya?
Bird have eggs with shell .
Burung Telur disaluti oleh cangkerang
Frog have thick and shiny eggs l
Katak Telur tebal,berlendir
Spider - kept their in a bag underneath thier
bodies.
Labah-labah simpan dalam beg di bawah
badan
Fish - keep their young in their mouths
Ikan - Memasukkan anaknya ke dalam mulut
Snake, Tiger - attack in order to protect
their eggs
Ular,harimau menyerang untuk
menyelamatkan telur
Turtle - hide their eggs
Penyu Menyembunyikan telurnya
Kangaroo - carry their young in their
pouches
Kanggaru Membawa anaknya di dalam
kantung
Elephant - stay in herds
Gajah - Tinggal dalam kumpulan


Kepentingan

KiambangShortage of food
resources
Sumber makanan berkurangan


Animal and plant species
may face extinction.
Spesis haiwan dan tumbuhan akan
mengalami kepupusan.

bird, spider, fish,snake,
burung,labah-labah,ikan,ular
turtle, kangaroo, elephant
penyu,kanggaru,gajah

To ensure the survival
of their species
Memastikan kemandirian
spesisnya.
2.1 Understanding that different animals have their own ways to ensure the survival
of their species.
Memahami bahawa haiwan berlainan mempunyai cara sendiri untuk memastikan
kemandirian spesisnya.


Survival of
Plant
Species
Kemandirian
spesies
tumbuhanMicroo
Water
Air
Explosive
mechanism
Mekanisme
letupan
Wind
Angin
Animal
haiwan
Light / Ringan
Air Space in the
fruits
Ruang udara di
dalam buah
- Not water
absorbent
Air tidak boleh
diserap
Light / Ringan
Small in size /
saiz kecil
Winged /
berkepakCan
Dry when ripe
Kering apabila
masak
Explodes when
matured
Meletup apabila
matang
Brightly
coloured
Warna yang terang
Edible
Boleh dimakan
Have pleasents
mells
berbau
Have hooks
bercangkuk
Coconut
kelapa
Water Lily

Shorea
Angsana
Lalang
Rubber fruit
buah getah
Balsam fruit
keembong
okra
kacang bendi

Rambutan
Mango
mangga
Love grass
kemuncup
Mimosa
duri semalu
Agents of
dispersal
Agen Pencaran
Special
characteristic
Ciri-ciri
istimewa
Examples
Contoh




2.2 Understanding that different plants have their own ways to ensure the survival
of their species.
Memahami bahawa tumbuhan berlainan mempunyai cara sendiri untuk memastikan
kemandirian spesisnya.







Food Chain
Rantai Makanan
Animals and the
food they eat
Haiwan dan
makanannya
Classify animals
Pengkelasan haiwan
Producer
Pengeluar
Consumer
Pengguna
Construct by a food chain
Membina rantai makanan
Green plant obtain
energy from
the sun to make
food. Green
Plant are producers

Tumbuhan hijau
Memerlukan tenaga
daripada Matahari
untuk membuat
makanan.
Tumbuhan
adalah pengeluar
Herbivore :
Animals that eat plants
only.
e.g.: cow, goat, deer
Herbivor
Haiwan makan
tumbuhan sahaja
Cth: lembu,kambing,rusa
Carnivore:
Animals that eat other
animals.
e.g.: tiger, lion
Karnivor
Haiwan yang makan
haiwan lain
Cth : harimau,singa
Omnivore:
Animals that eat plants
and other animals
e.g. chicken,cat
Omnivor
Haiwan makan
tumbuhan dan
haiwan lain.
Cth; ayam,kucing
The food
relationship
among living
things
can be shown by
a food chain.

Hubungan antara
makanan
dan benda hidup
ditunjukkan melalui
rantai makanan
chain It must start
with plant as
a producer.
Untuk membina
rantai makanan ia
bermula daripada
tumbuhan sebagai
pengeluar.
eaten by
Dalam rantai
makanan anak
panah bermaksud
dimakan oleh

All living things
need food to
survive.Green plant
can make their own
food. However
animals cannot
make their own
make their own
food.

Semua benda hidup
perlu
makanan untuk
hidup.
Tumbuhan hijau
boleh
membuat makanan
sendiri.

3.1 Understanding food chains.
Memahami rantai makanan.
Animals that
eat plants
or other
animals
are called
consumers.

Haiwan yang
makan
tumbuhan
atau haiwan lain
dipanggil
pengguna.



Synthesizing food chains
to construct food webs
Sintesis siratan makanan untuk
membentuk rantai makanan

Food web
Siratan makanan
What will happen If there is
a change in population of a
certain species in a food
web?
Apa akan berlaku jika terdapat
perubahan spesies dalam
siratan makanan?Bacteria
Food web of different
habitats
Siratan makanan daripada
berlainan habitat.
What will happen if thry
animals if they eat only
one type of food?

Apa akan berlaku kepada
haiwan yang hanya makan
satu jenis makanan sahaja?
Protozoa
A change in the population
of a certain species will
effect the population of
other species

Perubahan populasi beberapa
haiwan memberi kesan kepada
populasi haiwan lain.
They will face difficulty
to survive if the source
of food runs out

Mereka akan mengalami
kesukaran jika sumber
makanan kehabisan.
3.2 Synthesizing food chains to construct food web.
Sintesis siratan makanan untuk membentuk rantai makanan.


Paddy field
Sawah padi
paddy plants
tanaman padi
caterpillar
ulat beluncas
birds
burung
eagles
helang
snakes
ular
mouse
tikus
grasshoppers
belalang
frogs
katak
Garden
Taman
spinach
bayam
grasshopper
belalang
frog
katak
bird
burung
caterpillar
ulat beluncas
eagle
helang
snail
siput
snake
ular




Mikroorganisma
One day, while reading a book, Ali comes across one word. The word is
microorganisms. He doesnt understand what it is and he ask his mother
immediately. (Suatu hari, semasa Ali sedang membaca buku, dia ternampak satu
perkataan. Perkataan itu ialah mikroorganisma. Dia tidak faham dan terus bertanya kepada
ibunya.)

Ali : Mother, what is a microorganism?
( Ibu, apa itu mikro organisma? )

Mother : Microorganisms are tiny living things that can only be seen
through a microscope. There are four types of
microorganisms.
(Mikro organisma adalah benda hidup yang sangat halus dan hanya boleh
dilihat melalui mikroskop. Terdapat empat jenis mikro organisma.)

Ali : What are they?
( Apa itu? )

Mother : Bacteria, Protozoa, Fungi and Virus.
(Bakteria, Protozoa, Fungus dan Virus.)

Ali : What is that picture, mother?
( Gambar apa tu, ibu? )

Mother : It is bacteria. It exists in different shapes, sizes and colours.
( Itu ialah bakteria. Ia wujud dalam berlainan bentu, saiz dan warna. )

Ali : That picture is
( Gambar itu)

Mother : It is protozoa. It is found mainly in ponds, lakes and
rivers.
( Itu ialah Protozoa. Kebanyakkan daripadanya dijumpai di kolam, tasik dan
sungai. )

Ali : That must be fungi. Isnt it,mother?
( Itu pasti fungus. Betul tak, ibu? )

Mother : Yes, it is. I know you have seen it many times on mouldy bread,
rotten food and trees. ( Ya. Ibu tahu kamu selalu lihatnya di atas roti
yang berkulat, buah yang busuk dan pokok-pokok..)

Ali : And this picture, mother?
( Dan gambar ini, ibu? )


Mother : It is a virus. Virus is the tiniest microorganism.
( Itu ialah virus. Virus ialah mikro organisma yang paling halus. )

Ali : Wow, thats interesting. Tell me more, mother.
( Wow, menariknya. Ceritalah lagi ibu. )

Mother : Okay. Yeast is an example of microorganisms.
Since a microorganism is a living things, it can
breathe, grow and move.
( Okay. Yis ialah satu contoh mikro organisma. Memandangkan
mikroorganisma adalah benda hidup, ia boleh bernafas, membesar dan
bergerak.)

Ali : Thank you, mother.
( Terima kasih, ibu .)








































































HARMFUL
EFFECTS
Keburukan
Making fertilizer
Membuat baja
Producing antibiotics
Menghasilkan antibiotic
Chicken pox
Demam Campak
Mumps
Beguk
Measles
Demam Cacar

Conjunctivitis
Sakit mata
Tooth decay
Kerosakan gigi
Flu
Selesema
Food poisoning
Keracunan makanan
Making tempe
Membuat tempe
Making cheese
Membuat keju
USEFULNESS
KEBAIKAN
Making tapai
Membuat tapai
Making yogurt
Membuat yogurt
THE USEFUL AND THE HARMFUL OF MICROORGANISMS
KEBAIKAN DAN KEBURUKAN MIKROORGANISMA
We take care of our eggs
Kami menjaga telur kami
We take care of our youngs
Kami menjaga anak kami














































Frog
Katak

Penguin
Penguin

Bird
Burung

Sea horse
Kuda laut

Snake
Ular

Cockroach
Lipas

Crocodile
Buaya

Bat
Kelawar

Dolphin
Ikan lumba-lumba

Cow
Lembu

Elephant
Gajah

Tiger
Harimau

Kangaroo
Kanggaru

ANIMAL SURVIVAL
KEMANDIRIAN HAIWAN


AGENT
AGEN
EXAMPLE
CONTOH
CHARACTERISTICS
CIRI-CIRI
















Lotus
Teratai



Coconut
Kelapa



Pong-pong
Pong-pong



We are dispersed by water
because we are light,
covered with a waxy skin,
waterproof, have air spaces
and have spongy
receptacles.


Kami dipencarkan melalui air
kerana kami ringan, diselaputi
dengan kulit yang berlilin, kalis air
dan mempunyai rongga yang
berspan.
























Shorea
Meranti




Lallang
Lallang






Angsana
Angsana



Cotton
Kapas









We are dispersed by wind
because we are small, light,
dry, have wing-like
structure, have hairs and
fine hairs. Therefore we are
easily carried by wind.


Kami dipencarkan melalui angin
kerana kami kecil, ringan, kering,
mempunyai struktur seperti
sayap, ada bulu yang halus.
Sebab itu kami senang dibawa
oleh angin.










WATER
AIR
WIND
ANGIN












































































Mango
Mangga




Watermelon
Tembikai












Mimosa
Semalu




Lovegrass
Kemucup




We dispersed by animal
because we have brightly
colour, fleshy, edible and
have smells. Our seed is
also hard.

Kami dipencarkan oleh haiwan
kerana kami mempunyai
warna yang terang, berisi,
boleh dimakan dan
mempunyai bau. Biji benih
kami juga keras.








We are also dispersed by
animal because have hooks
that can be attached to
animals.


Kami juga dipencarkan oelah
haiwan kerana kami
mempunyai cangkuk yang
boleh melekat kepada haiwan















Flame of forest
Semarak api


Balsam
Keembung




Okra
Bendi



Rubber seed
Biji getah

We dispersed by explosive
mechanism because we dry
up when we ripe and burst
to push the seeds out from
the fruits.

Kami dipencarkan melalui
mekanisma letupan kerana
buah kami menjadi kering
apabila masak ranum dan
seterusnya meletup dan biji
benih kami terpelanting keluar.
ANIMAL
HAIWAN








deer
rusa
herbivores
herbivor
rabbits
arnab
carnivores
karnivor

Animals such as deer and rabbits get their energy by eating plants. They are called
herbivores, which means 'plant eaters.' There are more herbivores on our planet than
carnivores, which are animals that eat meat.
Haiwan seperti rusa dan arnab mendapat tenaga dengan memakan tumbuh-tumbuhan. Mereka dikenali
sebagai herbivor, yang bermaksud makan tumbuhan. Terdapat banyak herbivor daripada karnivor iaitu
haiwan yang makan daging di planet kita

predators
pemangsa
hunt
memburu
prey
mangsa
top
atas
lions
singa

Predators such as wolves and lions are at the top of the food chain. Predators are animals
that hunt other animals. The animals that they hunt are called prey. Some animals are both
predator and prey.
Pemangsa seperti serigala dan singa adalah di bahagian atas rantai makanan. Pemangsa adalah
haiwan yang memburu haiwan lain. Haiwan yang diburu dikenali sebagai mangsa. Sesetengah haiwan
adalah kedua-duanya; pemangsa dan mangsa.

connected
berhubung
energy
tenaga
web
jaringan
more
lebih

Most animals belong to more than one food chain, which means many food chains are
connected together. Many food chains together form a food web. The food web shows how the
sun's energy moves to plants and from plants to animals .
Kebanyakan haiwan mempunyai lebih daripada satu rantai makanan, iaitu banyak rantai makanan
dihubung bersama. Rantai makanan berhubung bersama membentuk jaringan makanan. Jaringan
makanan menunjukkan bagaimana matahari memindahkan tenaganya kepada tumbuhan dan
seterusnya daripada tumbuhan kepada haiwan.


bottom
bawah
trees
pokok
sun
matahari
grass
rumput
chain
rantai

Plants such as grass and trees are at the bottom of the food chain. Plants get their energy
from the sun.
Tumbuhan seperti rumput dan pokok adalah di bahagian bawah rantai makanan. Tumbuhan mendapat
tenaga daripada matahari.

FOOD CHAIN AND FOOD WEB
RANTAI MAKANAN DAN JARINGAN MAKANAN









MENYIASAT DAYA DAN TENAGA
Year 5







ENERGY
TENAGA




Importance
INVESTIGATING FORCE AND ENERGY
Menyiasat Daya dan TenagaTo construct food
The Uses of Energy
Kegunaan Tenaga
Why energy
is needed?
Mengapa tenaga
diperlukan
- for living things to carry
out life processes.
Ex : moving, breathing,
growing
- bergerak,bernafas
membesarIllness
The Sources of Energy
-main source of energy
sumber utama tenaga
- produces light and heat
menghasilkan cahaya dan
haba
-food contains
stored energy
-mengadungi tenaga
tersimpan
Sun
Matahari
- Moving air
Udara bergerak
- Used to pump
water
- to move, to boil, to melt,
or to bounce non-living things
- menggerakkan ,didih,cair atau
melantun benda bukan hidup
-wood, coal,
petroleum,
natural gas
-Kayu,arang
batu, petrol,gas
asli
- moving or
falling water
produces
energy
-Air yang
bergerak
menghasilkan
tenaga
Food
makanan
Wind
Angin
Fuel
Bahan
api
Batteries
Bateri
Water
air
- Device that generated
electrical energy from
chemical energy
-Alat yang menghasilkan
tenaga elektrik daripada
tenaga kimia
1.1 Understanding the uses of energy
Menyedari kegunaan tenaga













































Energy can be transformed from one form to another
Tenaga boleh berubah dari satu bentuk kepada bentuk lain.

Form of energy
Bentuk Tenaga
Sound energy
Tenaga bunyi
Heat energy
Tenaga Haba
Light energy
Tenaga Cahaya
Electrical energy
Tenaga Elektrik
Kinetic energy
Tenaga Kinetik
Chemical energy
Tenaga Kimia
Potential energy
Tenaga Keupayaan

Energy can be transformed
Tenaga boleh diubahkan
a) lighting a candle/Nyalaan lilin
Chemical energy heat energy + light energy
Tenaga kimia Tenaga haba + Tenaga Cahaya

b) Kicking a ball / Menendang bola
Chemical energy kinetic energy heat energy
Tenaga kimia Tenaga Kinetik Tenaga haba

Example of appliance that make use of
energy transformation.
Contoh alatan yang menggunakan perubahan
tenaga

a) Electric iron / Seterika elektrik
Electrical energy heat energy
Tenaga elektrik Tenaga haba

b) Radio
Electrical energy sound energy
Tenaga elektrik Tenaga bunyi

c) Television
Electrical energy sound energy + light energy
Tenaga elektrik Tenaga bunyi + tenaga cahaya
1.2 Understanding that energy can be transformed from one form to another
Memahami bahawa tenaga boleh berubah dari satu bentuk ke bentuk yang
lain








Renewable and Non-renewable Energy
Tenaga yang boleh diperbaharui dan
tidak boleh diperbaharui
Renewable energy
Tenaga yang boleh
diperbaharui

Energy that
cannot
be replaced
Tenaga yang
tidak
boleh diganti
Resources
solar, wind ,biomass
fuel,water
Sumber- Matahari,
angin,minyak,air,
biomass

Non-renewable energy
Tenaga yang tidak boleh
diperbaharui
Energy that be
replenished when it is
used up
Tenaga yang boleh diganti

Resources -natural
gas,petroleum,coal
Sumber gas asli,
petroleum, arang.


Use energy wisely
Gunakan tenaga
dengan bijak



How to save energy
Bagaimana menjimatkan
tenaga

Some energy
resources cannot be
replenished
when used up.

Sesetengah sumber tenaga
tidak boleh diganti bila habis
Save cost
Menjimatkan kos

Avoid wastage
Mengelakkan
pembaziran

Reduce pollution
Mengurangkan
pencemaran.

Turn off the
television when no
one is watching it.
Tutup TV jika tidak
menonton.


Switch off the
lights if
not in use.
Tutup lampu jika tidak
mengunakannya.

1.3 Understanding renewable and non renewable energy
Memahami tenaga yang boleh diperbaharui dan tidak boleh diperbaharui













Sources
Sumber
Dry cell
Sel Kering
Accumulator
Sel Basah
Dynamo
Dinamo
Solar cell
Tenaga Solar
2.1 Knowing the sources of electricity
Mengetahui sumber elektrik




Type of circuit
Jenis litar
Name
Nama
Symbol
Simbol
Dry cell
Sel Kering
Connecting
wire
Wayar
penyambung
Switch / Suis
Bulb / Mentol
Symbol and component
Simbol dan komponen

Parallel circuit
litar selari
Series circuit
litar bersiri
Differences
Perbezaan
The bulb in the parallel circuit is brighter then
the bulb in the series circuit
Mentol dalam litar selari lebih terang daripada mentol
dalam litar bersiri
2.2 Understanding a series circuit and a parallel circuit
Memahami litar bersiri dan litar selari







Precautions
Langkah keselamatan

Danger of mishandling electrical appliances
Bahaya kecuaian mengendali peralatan elektrik
Fire
Api
Burn
Bakar
Electric shock
Kejutan elektrik
Electrocution
Renjatan elektrik
Safety precautions to
be taken when using
appliances
Langkah-langkah
keselamatan ketika
mengunakan peralatan
Do not touch electrical
appliances with wet hand
Jangan sentuh alatan elektrik
dengan tangan basah
Do not repair electrical
appliances on your own
Jangan baiki alatan elektrik
jika tidak tahu.
2.3 Understanding the safety precautions to be taken when handling electrical
appliances
Memahami langkah pencegahan yang perlu diambil semasa menggunakan
peralatan elektrik







3.1 Understanding that light travels in a straight line
Memahami bahawa cahaya bergerak dalam satu garis lurus
Light
Cahaya
Travels in straight line
Cahaya bergerak dalam satu garis lurus
search light from helicopter
cahaya dari helikopter pencari
prove
bukti
the beam of light from motorcycle
alur cahaya dari motosikal
the beam of light from lighthouse
alur cahaya dari rumah api
the ray of Sun,passing through a
hole in the roof
alur cahaya Matahari melalui lubang atap
rumah
How shadow is formed
Bagaimana bayang-bayang
terbentuk

When light is completely or
partially blocked by an
opaque object
Bila cahaya disekat sepenuhnya
atau separuh oleh objek legap
Shadow form
Objek terbentuk
Opaque object
Objek legap

Light
Cahaya




Light
Cahaya
Can be reflected
Boleh dipantulkan
How ?
Bagaimana?
Uses of reflection
Kegunaan pantulan
Side mirror of a car
Cermin sisi kereta
Periscope
Kaleidoscope
The light that falls on
objects bounces off the
objects and comes to your
eyes
Cahaya yang jatuh ke atas objek
melantunkannya ke dalam mata
mirror/ cermin
3.2 Understanding that light can be reflected
Memahami cahaya boleh dipantulkan








Heat
haba
Gain
bertambah
Loss
berkurang
Cooler
Sejuk
Warmer
panas
How to measure temperature
using the correct technique
Bagaimana untuk mengukur suhu
menggunakan cara yang betul
The effects of heat on matter
Kesan haba ke atas bahan
Matter expands
when heated
Bahan mengembang
bila dipanaskan
Matter contract
when cooled
Bahan mengecut bila
sejuk
4.1 Understanding that temperature as an indicator of degree of hotness.
Memahami bahawa suhu adalah penunjuk darjah kepanasan
thermometer
termometer









SUN WIND DRY CELL FUELS FOOD
Matahari Angin Sel kering Bahan bakar Makanan









Chemical energy light energy + heat energy
Tenaga kimia tenaga cahaya tenaga haba




Electrical energy light energy
Tenaga elektrik tenaga cahaya


Electrical energy heat energy
Tenaga elektrik tenaga haba



Electrical energy sound energy
Tenaga elektrik tenaga bunyi


Electrical energy kinetic energy
Tenaga elektrik tenaga kinetik






SOURCES OF ENERGY
PUNCA-PUNCA TENAGA
FORMS OF ENERGY
BENTUK-BENTUK TENAGA
















DRY CELL ACCUMULATOR DYNAMO SOLAR CELL HYDROELECTRIC
Sel kering Sel Basah Dinamo Sel solar Hidroelekrik



































SERIES CIRCUIT
LITAR SESIRI
SOURCES OF ELECTRICITY
PUNCA-PUNCA ELEKTRIK
PARALLEL CIRCUIT
LITAR SELARI
ELECTRICITY
ELEKTRIK






( Song : This old man)


Light oh light Cahaya oh cahaya
Light travels Cahaya boleh gerak
Light travels in a straight line Cahaya bergerak lurus
Light travels in a straight line Cahaya bergerak lurus
Therefore it can form a shadow Ia membentuk bayang











Light oh light Cahaya oh cahaya
Light reflects Cahaya boleh pantul
Light can be reflected Cahaya boleh dipantulkan
Light can be reflected Cahaya boleh dipantulkan
Can see image in mirror Boleh lihat di cermin


















LIGHT
CAHAYA










MENYIASAT ALAM BAHAN
Year 5










Solid
Pepejal
Liquid
Cecair

gas
has mass
mempunyai
berat
Properties of solid
Sifat-sifat pepejal



Properties of liquid
Sifat sifat cecair
Properties of gas
Sifat-sifat gas
fixed volume
isipadu tetap

fixed shape
bentuk tetap
has mass
mempunyai
berat
Examples
Contoh
Water
Air
Milk
Susu
Air
Udara
no permanent shape
bentuk tidak tetap
fixed
volume
isipadu tetap

Steam
wap

Wood
Kayu
Stone
batuStom
No fixed
shape
Tidak
mempunyai
bentuk tetap
has mass
mempunyai
berat Tiny No fixed
volume
Isipadu tidak
tetap
can be
compressed
boleh dimampatkan



1.1 Matter exist in the form of solid, liquid or gas
Bahan wujud dalam bentuk pepejal,cecair atau gas

Matter
Bahan









CHANGING
STATES OF
WATER
Perubahan
Bentuk
Air
gas liquid
gas - cecair
liquid gas
cecair - gas
liquid gas
Cecair - gas
solid liquid
Pepejal - cecair
Melting
Peleburan
Boiling
Pendidihan

Evaporation
Penyejatan
Condensation
Kondensasi
Freezing
Pembekuan



1.2 Understanding that matter can change from one state to another
Memahami bahawa benda boleh berubah bentuk dari satu ke bentuk yang lain















The water cycle.
Kitaran air
Circulation of water in
the environment.
Kitaran air dalam persekitaran
Formation of clouds
and rain.
Pembentukan awan dan hujan
Importance of water
Kepentingan air.
Changes in the states of
matter in the water cycle
Perubahan bentuk bahan dalam
kitaran air

Liquid to gas (evaporation)
Cecair kepada gas ( Penyejatan )

Evaporation
Penyejatan

Condensation
Kondensasi


Gas liquid (Condensation)
Gas Cecair ( Kondensasi )
1.3 Understanding the water cycle
Memahami kitaran air

Droplets of water will become
bigger and heavier rain
Titisan air menjadi besar dan berat
hujan


Importance of water resources.
Kepentingan sumber air



To prevent aquatic lives from being
destroyed and undergoing
extinction
Untuk mengelakkan hidupan air musnah
dan mengalami kepupusan


Reasons to keep our
water resources clean.
Sebab untuk mengekalkan
sumber air yang bersih
To ensure the cleanliness
of water supply
Memastikan air yang bersih
dibekalkan

To regulate
the formation of
clouds and rain
Untuk mengekalkan
pembentukan
awan dan hujan



To avoid infections
diseases
Mengelakkan penyakit
berjangkit


Ways to keep our water
resources clean
Cara mengekalkan sumber air
bersih
Keep the rivers clean
Jadikan sungai besih
Cleanliness campaign
Kempen kebersihan
1.4 Appreciating the importance of water resources
Menghargai kepentingan sumber air




The properties of acid,
alkaline and neutral substances.
Ciri-ciri asid , alkali dan bahan nutral
Identify the taste of acidic and
alkaline food.
Mengenal pasti rasa makanan yang
berasid dan berakali
Identify acidic, alkaline and neutral
substances using litmus paper.
Mengenal pasti keasidan,alkali dan nutral
bahan menggunakan kertas litmus

Conclution about the properties
of acidic, alkaline and neutral
substances.
Kesimpulan ciri-ciri bahan asid, alkali
dan neutral .
Changes in colour of
litmus papers
Menukarkan warna kertas
litmus

blue to red
biru ke
merah
red to blue
merah ke biru
no change
tidak
berubah
Bitter
Pahit
Sour
masam
Properties of
alkaline substance
Ciri-ciri alkali
Properties
of acidic
substance
Ciri-ciri asid
Properties of
neutral substances
Ciri-ciri bahan neutral

Taste bitter &
change red litmus
paper to blue
Rasa pahit dan
menukarkan
Kertas litmus merah
kepada biru
SkorpioTaste sour
& change blue
litmus paper red
Rasa masam dan
menukarkan
kertas litmus merah

No changes in litmus
paper
Tidak menukarkan warna
kertas litmus

Acid
asid
Alkaline
alkali
neutral
neutral
2.1 Understanding the properties of acidic, alkaline and neutral substances
Memahami sifat asid, alkali dan bahan neutral




































STATE OF MATTER
KEADAAN BAHAN
Ali is eating an ice cream. After a while, the ice cream
melts. The melting process changes solid to liquid.

Ali sedang makan ais krim. Selepas beberapa ketika, ais krim itu
menjadi cair. Proses pencairan menukarkan pepejal kepada
cecair.



Liquid
Solid
Abu wants like to drink some cold water. He needs
some ice cubes. He put some water in the freezer.
Freezing turns liquid to solid.

Abu ingin minum air sejuk. Dia perlukan ais batu. Dia masukkan air
ke dalam peti sejuk. Proses pembekuan menukarkan cecair
kepada pepejal.


Upins mother wants to boil some water. She knows
that the water is boiling because it produces steam or
water vapour. Boiling changes liquid to gas.

Ibu Upin ingin menjerang air. Dia tahu bahawa air itu sudah
mendidih kerana terhasilnya wap air atau stim. Pendidihan
menukarkan cecair kepada gas.


Ipins mother hangs clothes on the cloth line. After a
while, the cloth dries. This is because the evaporation
process occurs. Evaporation turns liquid to gas.

Ibu Upin menjemur kain di ampaian.Setelah bebepa jam ,kain itu
kering.Proses penyejatan berlaku. Penyejatan menukarkan cecair
kepada gas.


Ah Seng forgot to drink his iced lemon tea because his
mother asked him to go to the shop. When he came
back, he saw many water droplets on the glass.
Condensation turned gas to liquid.

Ah Seng terlupa untuk minum airnya kerana ibunya menyuruhnya
ke kedai. Setelah pulan, dia dapati banyak titisan air di luar gelas.
Kondensasi menukarkan gas kepada cecair.






I am a droplet of water.
Saya setitis air



Ouch! Where I am. Wow! It is big. Opss! Mmm cold and fresh. Where am I? Oh, I see, this is
a seamy new place. I came from a river.
Ouch! Di mana saya. Wow! Besarnya. Opss! Mmmsejuk dan segar. Di mana saya? Oh, saya tahu, saya di
lauttempat baru untuk saya. Saya datang dari sungai.


Arghh! Hot, very hotOh no! Im moving up. What is happening??? It is very hot. The sun
makes me very hot. It evaporates me to the sky. Evaporation change me as a water vapour.

Arghh! Panasnya, sangat panas Tidak! Saya sedang bergerak ke atas. Apa dah jadi nih??? Sangat panas.
Matahari membuatkan saya panas. Ia menyejat saya ke langit. Penyejatan menukarkan saya menjadi wap air.


Oh no! Im shivering. It cold now. The condensation process turn me into water droplet. Wow!
There are many droplets like me. Hey! Lets join together. Lets form cloud. Ahhit is better now.

Oh no! Saya sedang menggigil. Ia sejuk sekarang. Proses kondensasi menukar saya menjadi titisan air. Wow!
Banyaknya tiisan air macam saya. Hey! Jom bergabung. Jom bentuk awan. Ahhleganya dah jadi awan.


Opss! Im heavy now. Let me out. Ahh! Im out now as rain. Ouch! I fall down into the river
again. My home sweet home. Yea!

Opss! Saya semakin berat sekarang. Saya nak keluar. Ahh! Saya dah keluar sebagai hujan sekarang. Ouch! Saya
jatuh kembali kedalam sungai. Rumah saya yang dirindui. Yea!















Fill in the missing letters.
Lengkapkan perkataan dengan huruf yang betul.























E _ a _ _ _ a _ _ _ n
C _ _ d _ _s _ _ i o _
S __ _
R _ v _ _
C _ _ _ _







MENYIASAT BUMI & ALAM SEMESTA
Year 5


Indicates Seasons
Menunjukkan musim
A group of stars that
form a certain pattern in
the sky
Gugusan bintang-bintang di
langit yang membentuk
corak tertentu
Importance of
Constellation
Kepentingan buruj
Identify
Constellation
Kenal pasti buruj
What constellation
is ?
Apa itu buruj ?
Constellation
Buruj
Big dipper
Biduk
Scorpion
Orion
Belantik
Southern Cross
Pari
North
Utara
North
Utara
South
Selatan
April
June
Kite or Cross
Layang-layang atau
Palang
Scorpion
Kala jengking
Hunter
Pemburu
Water dipper
Gayung

South
Selatan
December - February
June - August
Planting
Musim menanam
Harvesting
Musim menuai
Desert
Padang pasir
Sea
Laut

1.1 Understanding the constellation
Memahami buruj
Show
Directions
Menunjukkan arah

The movements
of the Earth, the Moon
and the Sun
Pergerakan Bumi,Bulan
dan Matahari


Earth rotates
on its axis
Bumi berputar pada
paksinya

The Earth rotates
and at the same time
moves around the
sun
Bumi berputar dan pada
masa yang sama
bergerak mengelilingi
matahari



Moon rotates
on its axis
Bulan berputar
pada paksinya
The Moon rotates
and at the same
time moves around
the Earth
Bulan berputar dan
pada masa
yang sama
beredar mengeliligi
Matahari
The Moon and the Earth
move round the Sun at the
same time
Bulan dan Bumi bergerak
mengeliligi Matahari pada masa
yang sama



The earth rotates on its
axis from west to east
Bumi berputar pada
Paksinya dari barat ke timur



Cause the changes in
length and position of the
shadow throughout the day
Perubahan panjang dan
kedudukan bayang-bayang
sepanjang hari
2.1 Understanding the movement of the Earth, the Moon and the Sun
Memahami pergerakan Bumi, Bulan dan Matahari


The occurrence of day and night
Kejadian siang dan malam


It is day time for the part
of the Earth facing the Sun.
Pada waktu siang sebahagian Bumi
menghadap Matahari


It is night time for the part of the
Earth not facing the sun
Pada waktu malam sebahagian Bumi tidak
menghadap matahari




Day and night occur due to the
rotation of the Earth on its axis.
Kejadian siang dan malam berlaku
kerana putaran Bumi pada paksinya.





the Sun
Matahari

N Ni ig gh ht t- -t ti im me e
W Wa ak kt tu u m ma al la am m
D Da ay yt ti im me e
W Wa ak kt tu u s si ia an ng g

A Ax xi is s

W We es st t
E Ea as st t
T Ti im mu ur r


2.2 Understanding the occurrence of day and night
Memahami kejadian siang dan malam

the Earth
Bumi



Phases Of The Moon
Fasa-fasa Bulan
The Moon Does
Not Emit Light
Bulan tidak
mengeluarkan
cahaya


The Moon appears
bright when it reflects
sunlight
Bulan jadi terang akibat
pantulan
cahaya matahari.


Describe the phases of
the moon
Menerangkan fasa-fasa
bulan

1-New moon, 3- New half moon, 5- Full moon
1- Anak Bulan 3 - Bulan separa baru 5. Bulan penuh

7- Old half moon
Bulan separa lama

2.3 Understanding the phases of tne Moon
Memahami fasa bulan








MENYIASAT DUNIA TEKNOLOGI
Year 5







The shape of objects
Bentuk-bentuk benda
Identify shape in structure
Mengenal pasti bentuk di dalam
struktur
Cuboid
Kuboid
Cube
Kiub
Cylinder
Silinder
Sphere
Sfera
Cone
Kon
Pyramid
Piramid
Sphere
sfera
Cylinder
Silinder
1.1 Knowing the shapes of objects in structures.
Mengetahui bentuk objek di dalam struktur







Strength and Stability
Kekuatan dan KestabilanIn a
food chainthe arrow means
Shapes of objects that are stable
Bentuk benda yang stabil
The factors that affect stability of
objects
Faktor-faktor yang memberi kesan kestabilan
objek
The factors that affect the
strength of a structure
Faktor-faktor yang memberi kesan

Cube, cone, cylinder
Kiub.kon,silinder
Height , base area
Ketinggian , luas tapak
Bigger base area more stable
Semakin luas tapak bertambah kestabilan
Smaller base area less stable
Semakin kecil luas tapak kurang kestabilan
Lower object more stable
Semakin rendah objek bertambah kestabilan
Higher object less stable
Tinggi objek kurang kestabilan
1.2 Understanding the strength and stability of a structure.
Memahami kekuatan dan kestabilan struktur.
Types of materials used
Steel, iron, wood
Jenis bahan yang digunakan
Keluli, besi, kayu









MENYIASAT ALAM KEHIDUPAN
Year 6








Group
Berkumpulan
Solitary
Bersendirian
Ants, lions
Semut, singa
Tigers, bears
Harimau, beruang
To avoid competition for food and space
Untuk hindari persaingan mendapatkan makanan
dan ruang
For safety and food
Untuk keselamatan dan makanan
Group animals and solitary animals
Haiwan berkumpulan dan haiwan bersendirian

1.1 Understanding that some animals live in group and others live in solitary.
Memahami bahawa sesetengah haiwan hidup berkumpulan dan selebihnya bersendirian.
Interaction among living things
Interaksi antara benda hidup




Compete for
Bersaing untuk
Among animals
Antara haiwan
Among plants
Antara tumbuhan
INTERACTION AMONG LIVING THINGS
Interaksi antara benda hidup
Competition
Persaingan
Food
Makanan
Water
Air
Mate
Pasangan
Shelter
Tempat
perlindungan
Space /
territory
Ruang / kawasan
Compete for
Bersaing untuk
Sunlight
Cahaya
matahri
Water
Air
Space
Ruang
Mineral
Mineral
Intraspecies
Intraspesis
Interspecies
Interpesis
Competition between the
same species
Persaingan di antara spesis
yang sama
Competition between the
different species
Persaingan di antara spesis yang
berbeza
Type
Jenis

1.2 Understanding that competition is a form of interaction among living things.
Memahami bahawa persaingan membentuk interaksi antara benda hidup.

Protecting endangered species
Melindungi spesis yang terancam
Interaction among living things
Interaksi antara benda hidup

1.3 Understanding the responbility of human beings in protecting endangered
species.
Memahami tanggungjawab manusia untuk melindungi spesis yang terancam.
Extinct animals
Haiwan pupus
Dinosaurs,
dodos
Dinosour, dodo
Endangered animals
and plants
Haiwan dan tumbuhan yang
terancam
Orang utan, tiger, Raflesia,
pitcher plant
Orang utan, harimau, bunga
pakma,pokok periuk kera
Factors
Faktor
Illegal or excessive logging
Pembalakan haram atau berleluasa
Hunting
Pemburuan
Development
Pembangunan
Ways to prevent
Cara untuk mencegah
Campaign
Kempen
Educating the public
Mendidik orang awam
Enforcing law
Kuat kuasa undang-
undang













Interaction among living things
Interaksi antara benda hidup
Impact of human activities
Kesan daripada aktiviti manusia
Destructions of the environment
Kemusnahan alam sekitar
Erosion
Hakisan
Landslides
Runtuhan
Flash floods
Banjir kilat
Water pollution
Pencemaran air
Activities
Aktiviti
Illegal and excessive
logging
Pembalakan haram dan
berleluasa
Illegal and excessive
hunting
Pemburuan haram dan
berleluasa
Improper management of
development
Kelemahan pengurusan
pembangunan

1.4 Knowing the impact of human activities on environment.
Memaham kesan daripada aktiviti manusia ke atas alam sekitar.
Air pollution
Pencemaran udara









MENYIASAT DAYA DAN TENAGA
Year 6









INVESTIGATING FORCE AND ENERGY
MENYIASAT DAYA DAN TENAGA
FORCE
DAYA
Effects
Kesan
Concept
Konsep
A push or a pull
Tolakan atau tarikan
Can move a stationary object
Boleh gerakkan objek yang pegun
Cannot be seen but the
effects can be felt
Tidak boleh dilihat tetapi boleh
dirasa
Changes the shapes of an object
Mengubah bentuk objek
An object become flatten,
stretched, bent, twisted or
squashed
Objek menjadi kemek, regang,
bengkok,berpintal atau penyek
Changes the motion of an object
Mengubah pergerakan objek
Stops a moving object
Memberhentikan objek yang bergerak
Changes the direction of a moving object
Mengubah arah pergerakan objek yang bergerak
Makes an object move faster or slower
Membuat objek lebih cepat atau perlahan
1.2 Understanding the effect of a force
Memahami kesan daya
1.1 Understanding that push and pull are forces
Memahami bahawa tolak dan tarik adalah daya










FRICTION
GESERAN
Effects of friction
Kesan geseran
Produces heat
Hasilkan haba
Opposes motion
Berlawanan gerakan
Causes wear and tear
Menyebabkan haus dan
koyak
Slows down and stops a
moving object
Memperlahankan dan
memberhentikan objek yang
bergerak
Disadvantages
Kekurangan
Advantages
Kelebihan
Factors that affect friction
Faktor yang mempengaruhi
geseran
Condition of the
surface
Keadaan permukaan
Weight of the
object
Berat objek
Ways to reduce friction
Cara kurangkan geseran
Use rollers or marbles
Guna penggelek atau guli
Smoothen surfaces
Permukaan licin
Use oil, wax, grease,
talcum
powder, air cushion
Guna minyak, pelicin,
gris,bedak wangi,
pak udara
1.3 Analysing friction
Analisa geseran






Movement
Pergerakkan
Speed
Laju
Calculation of speed
Pengiraan Kelajuan
How fast an object moves
Berapa laju objek bergerak
Formula :
Rumus

Seed = Distance
Time
Laju = Jarak
Masa
A faster object travels
a longer distance in a
given time
Objek yang lebih laju
melalui jarak yang lebih
panjang mengikut masa
yang diberi
A faster object takes a shorter time
to travel a given distance
Objek yang laju mengambil masa yang
singkat untuk melalui jarak yang diberi
Units :
km/h
km/j
m/s
m/s
cm/s
cm/s
2.1 Understanding speed
Memahami laju






MENYIASAT ALAM BAHAN
Year 6




FOOD PRESERVATION
Pengawetan makanan

Food spoilt
Kerosakan makanan
Characteristics of spoilt food
Ciri-ciri makanan yang rosak
The conditions for microorganisms to grow
Keadaan untuk mikroorganisma membesar
Unpleasant smell
Bau tidak menyenangkan
Unpleasant taste
Rasa tidak menyenangkan
Change colour
Berubah warna
Changed texture
Berubah jalinan
Mouldy
Berkulat
Air
Udara
Water
Air
Nutrients
Zat makanan
Suitable temperature
Suhu yang sesuai
Suitable acidity
Keadaan asid yang sesuai
1.1 Understanding spoilt food .
Memahami kerosakan makanan



Food Preservation
Pengawetan makanan
Drying
Pengeringan
Fish, prawns, cuttlefish, fruits
Ikan, udang, sotong, buah
Boiling
Pemanasan
Cooling
Pendinginan
Vacuum packing
Pembukusan vakum
Pickling
Penjerukan
Freezing
Penyejukbekuan
Bottling/Canning
Pembotolan/
pengetinan
Pasteurising
Pempausteran
Salting
Pengasinan
Smoking
Pengasapan
Waxing
Pelilinan
Vegetables, fruits
Sayur, buah
Nuts, crackers, powder milk
Kacang, biskut, susu tepung
Fruits, vegetables
Buah, sayur
Chicken, meat, prawns,
Ayam, daging, udang,
Meat, fish, fruits,
vegetables
Daging, ikan, buah, sayur
Milk, juices, ice cream
Susu, jus, ais krim
Fish, meat, eggs,
vegetables, fruits
Ikan, daging, telur, sayur, buah
Vegetables, fruits
Sayur, buah
Meat, fish
Daging, ikan
1.2 Synthesising the concept of food preservation
Mensintesis konsep pengawetan makanan








The importance of preserving food
Kepentingan pengawetan makanan
1.3 Realising the importance of preserving food
Menyedari kepentingan pengawetan makanan
Food Preservation
Pengawetan makanan
To make last longer
Tahan lebih lama
To store food easily
Makanan lebih mudah disimpan
To reduce food wastage
Mengurangkan makanan terbuang


Waste Management
Pegurusan bahan buangan
Plastics, glass, chemical waste, organic waste, metal
Plastik, kaca, sisa kimia, sisa organik, logam
Homes, factories, agriculture, motor vehicles
Rumah, kilang, pertanian, kenderaan bermotor
Proper
Betul
Improper
Tidak betul
2.1 Understanding the effects of improper disposal of waste on the environment
Memahami kesan kesalahan mengurus pembuangan bahan buangan kepada persekitaran
Types of waste
Jenis bahan
buangan
Sources of waste
Sumber bahan
buangan
Ways of
disposing waste
Cara buang bahan
buangan
Dispose of waste in the right place
Buang bahan buangan di tempat yang betul
Treat waste before disposing it into
the drain
Rawat bahan buangan sebelum ia mengalir
keluar
Bury waste that can decay in soil
Bakar bahan buangan yang boleh reput
dalam tanah
Reuse of recycle waste
Guna semula bahan kitar semula
Littering
Membuang sampah merata-rata
Open burning
Pembakaran terbuka
Release of waste into the rivers
Melepaskan bahan buangan ke dalam sungai
Release of smoke into the air
Melepaskan asap ke udara

Air pollution
Pencemaran udara
Water pollution
Pencemaran air

diseases
penyakit
Damages our lungs, initiates our eyes
Merosakkan paru-paru,merengsa mata.
Thypoid, dengue fever
demam denggi

Acid rain
Hujan asid
Flash floods
Banjir kilat
Can kill plants and erode building
Boleh membunuh tumbuhan dan menghakis
bangunan
Damage property
Merosakkan harta
benda
Can kill fish and water plants
Boleh membunuh ikan dan tumbuhan laut
2.2 Understanding the effects of improper disposal of waste to the environment
Memahami kesan kesalahan mengurus pembuangan bahan buangan kepada persekitaran
Harmful effects of improper
disposal of waste
Kesan buruk daripada pembuangan
bahan buangan yang tidak betul


Waste that can
decay
Bahan buangan yang
boleh reput
Waste that does
not decay
Bahan buangan yang
tidak boleh reput
Food, paper, wood
Makanan, surat khabar,
kayu
Plastics, glass,
metal
Plastik, gelas, logam
2.3 Understanding the effects of improper disposal of waste to the environment
Memahami kesan kesalahan mengurus pembuangan bahan buangan kepada
persekitaran
Advantage :
To make the soil fertiile
Kelebihan :
Untuk menyuburkan tanah
Disadvantage :
Gives out poisonous
gases
Kelemahan :
Mengeluarkan gas beracun







MENYIASAT BUMI & ALAM SEMESTA
Year 6










Eclipse of The Moon
Gerhana bulan
Eclipse of The Sun
Gerhana matahari
Eclipse
Gerhana
The Earth is between the Sun and
the Moon and the three of them lie in
a straight line.
Bumi berada di antara Matahari dan Bulan
dan ketiga-tiganya berada dalam satu garis
yang lurus
The Moon is between the Sun and
the Earth and the three of them lie
in a straight line.
Bulan berada di antara Matahari dan Bumi
dan ketiga-tiganya berada dalam satu garis
yang lurus
The Earth blocks
sunlight from
reaching the Moon
Bumi menghalang
cahaya Matahari
daripada sampai ke
Bulan
Sunlight is
blocked by
the Moon
Cahaya
Matahari
dihalang oleh
bulan
The Moons
shadow falls
on the
Earths
surface
Bayang-bayang
Bulan jatuh ke
atas permukaan
Bumi
Daylight
becomes
dark during
the total
eclipse
Hari siang
menjadi gelap
menjelang
gerhana penuh
1.1 Understanding the eclipse of the moon
Memahami gerhana bulan

1.2 Understanding the eclipse of the sun
Memahami gerhana matahari





MENYIASAT DUNIA TEKNOLOGI
Year 6












MACHINES
Mesin
To carry or move heavy objects easily
Untuk membawa atau menggerak benda berat dengan
mudah
To cut or separate objects
Untuk memotong atau mengasing objek
To lift heavy objects easier
Untuk mengangkat objek dengan mudah

To fix two objects together
Untuk mengetatkan dua benda bersama
To move objects easily
Untuk menggerakkan objek dengan mudah
To carry or move heavy objects easily
Untuk membawa atau menggerak benda berat dengan
mudah
To carry or to lift objects to higher place
Untuk membawa atau mengangkat objek ke tempat
tinggi
Simple
machines
Mesin ringkas
Lever
Tuas
Wheel and axle
Roda dan gandar
Pulley
Takal
Wedge
Baji
Inclined plane
Satah condong

condong
Screw
Skru
Gear
Gear
1.1 Understanding simple machines
Memahami mesin ringkas





Machine
make
life easier
Mesin
membuat
kehidupan
lebih mudah
Made up of more than
one simple machine
Terdiri lebih dari satu
mesin ringkas
Crane, lift
Kren, lif
Aeroplane, bus
Kapal terbang, bas
Computer, satelite
Komputer, satelit
Tractor
Trektar
e.g Wheelbarrow, bicycle, a pair of
scissors, fishing rod
Kereta sorong. basikal, gunting,
rod pancing
To carry, move or lift heavy
things more easily
Untuk membawa atau
mengangkat benda dengan mudah
To travel from one place to another
Untuk pergi dari satu tempat ke tempat yang
lain
To make work faster
Untuk membuat kerja lebih cepat
To make communication with
people faster and easier
Untuk berkomunikasi dengan
manusia lebih cepat dan mudah
To treat diseases
Untuk mengesan penyakit
Dialysis machine
Mesin dialisis
Complex
Machine
Mesin
kompleks
1.2 Analysing a complex machines
Analisa mesin yang kompleks
1.3 Appreciating the invention of machines that make life easier
Menghargai mesin yang dicipta membuatkan hidup menjadi senang