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13

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15

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MunfndKawmh olYaemufygawGvnf; wpfygwnf;
ygvmonfrSm xHk;pHyif/
a'0'wf u m; tn m ud k od o l j zpf o nf /
olvnf; rif;om;wpfyg; jzpfco
hJ nfy/J b,fvekd nf;eJY
aygi;f &r,f? b,fvv
kd u
l akd ygi;f &r,fqw
kd m b,fol
xHrS enf;cHp&m rvdak wmhbJ aumif;aumif; odNy;D
om; jzpfonf/ wpfacwfwGif tmPm&vmrnfh
tZmwowfrif;om;ukv
d nf; eef;awmfpwJh Edik if aH &;
todik ;f t0dik ;f uomru pD;yGm;a&;orm;rsm;uvnf;
rsuEf mS vdrk suEf mS & zm;MurnfrmS "rwmjzpfonf/
odEYk iS hf a'0'wfonf rif;avmif;&JUq&m jzpf
vmonf/ atmifjrifrw
I pfcu
k kd twdik ;f wmwpfct
k xd
&vdkufNyD/ odkY&mwGif a'0'wfum; a&mifh&Jwwfol

18

t&SifOwrmeE

r[kwf/ "robm0 ed,mrobm0udk em;rvnf/

jrwfpmG bk&m;udk tm;usNy;D olu,
kd w
f ikd f bk&m;vkyf
vdkao;onf/
xdkaMumifh tZmwowfrif;om;ESifh ol\
aemufvu
kd rf sm;udk &aomtcg bk&m;vkyzf Ykd BupH nf
awmh\/ xdktBuHudk BuHvdkufonfESifh wpfNydKifeuf
&&Sdxm;onfh psmeftbdnmOfrsm; wefcdk;rsm; uG,f
aysmufukefawmhonf/ odkYwdkifvnf; obm0u
ay;onf owday;csurf sm;udk a'0'wfum; vufrcH/
rdu
k Nf rrJ u
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Ykd m a&S;Iavonf/ tvGew
f &m rdu
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ayawmhrnf/ rku
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a&S;OD;pGm tEkenf;jzifh a'0'wfBuo
H nf/ xdk
tcsed o
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f ,f &Ny;D csed jf zpf
Ny;D &mZN*Kd [jf ynf a0VK0efausmif; oDwif;oH;k aecdu
k f

rdk;udkqGwf EGHrSmepfol

19

jzpfonf/ wpfaeYwiG f jrwfpmG bk&m;onf y&dowfrsm;

udk w&m;a[maecdu
k f a'0'wfa&mufvmNy;D ]jrwfpmG
bk&m;onf oufawmfBu;D &ifv
h mNyjD zpf oHCmawmf
rsm;a&;&mudpt
00udk olUtm; vJt
T yfyg&ef} ,Ofaus;
vSonft
h oGijf zifh awmif;cHavonf/ dik ;f dik ;f ajymvQif
bk&m;&mxl;udk olUtm; vJt
T yf[l jzpfonf/ ol\
tBupH nfukd jrwfpmG bk&m;u vufrcHcahJ y/ ay;tyfvYkd
r&onfh &mxl;rsKd;qdkonfudk a'0'wf em;rvnf/
yg&rDjzifhom vkyf,l&aom &mxl;rsKd;qdkwmvnf;
rod/ odatmifvnf; rBudK;pm;aom a'0'wfygay/
jzwfvrf;enf;udo
k m BuKd uaf om a'0'wfonf tEk
enf;jzifrh & tMurf;enf;jzifh wpfrsK;d BujH yefonf/
aemufxyftBuHum; Murf;wrf;vSonf/
rdu
k f ikd ;f vSonf/ wpfurm wpfa,mufqo
kd vdk Bu0H hH
onfh tBuq
H ;kd rsK;d jzpfonf/ bk&m;udo
k wfNy;D bk&m;
vkyrf nf-wJ/h t&ifq;kH tZmwowfrif;om;udk tBuH

20

t&SifOwrmeE

ay;onfrmS oifrif;om;u t&G,af &mufvmNy/D od&Yk m

wGif oifzh cifrmS t&G,af umif;qJ use;f rmoefprG ;f qJ
jzpfonf/ olaorS &mxl;vJv
T Qif oifrif;om;vnf;
t&G,v
f eG rf S rif;jzpf&awmhrnf/ xdak Mumifh rif;om;
u ud,
k t
hf azudo
k wf rif;tjzpfu,
kd &l ef olu,
kd f
wdik u
f rl bk&m;udo
k wf bk&m;tjzpfvyk &f ef tBujH yK
wdkufwGef;avonf/
&mZ0ifrsm; pmaytaxmuftxm;rsm;t&
&Sib
f &k ifuo
kd wfvYkd &Sib
f &k ifjzpfEikd af omfvnf; bk&m;udk
owf bk&m;jzpf&efrmS xH;k pHr&S/d enf;vrf;rSerf [kw/f
tazowfrkH uvdYk rnfonfeh nf;jzifyh ifjzpfjzpf rif;jzpf
Edik af omfvnf; bk&m;&Siu
f kd owfvYkd bk&m;rjzpfEikd o
f nf
udk a'0'wfem;rvnf/ yg&rDoabm ukov
kd o
f abm
"re,
d mroabmudk a'0'wf em;rvnf/ bk&m;&SifwdkY
rnfonf Oyap'uuHjzifh raoEdik q
f o
kd nfukd a'0'wf
rod&mS av/ arm[Bu;D vGe;f vSacsonfwum;/

rdk;udkqGwf EGHrSmepfol

21

avmuoabmt& qd&k vQiyf if &Sib

f &k ifo
h m;
wdik ;f &Sib
f &k if jzpfMuonfr[kw/f awrdrif;om;onf
&Sib
f &k ifo
h m;jzpfonf/ olaY cwf olpY epft& &Sib
f &k if
jzpf&efrmS used ;f aovSonf/ od&Yk mwGif olu,
kd w
f ikd f
&Sib
f &k if rjzpfcsi/f rif;rjzpfcsi/f rif; jzpfvmvQif rvkyf
csifonfh t&mrsm;udkvnf; vkyf&onf/ Oya't&
ao'Pfusou
l v
kd nf; ao'Pfay;&onf/ rnfoyYkd if
jzpfap ukov
kd u
f o
H nf ukov
kd u
f t
H usK;d udk ay;ovdk
tukov
kd o
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qdo
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f nf/
awrdrif;om;onf twdwb
f 0udk rSwrf o
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jzpfonf/ twdwfb0wGifvnf; &Sifbk&ifjzpfcJh
ud,
k w
f ikd u
f rvkycf siaf omfvnf; acgi;f aqmifwYkd xH;k pH
t& &mZ0wfraI wG pD&if&onf/ tukov
kd t
f usK;d t&
i&Judk ola&mufcJh&onf/ odkY&mwGif oljyKcJhzl;aom
wjcm;aomukov
kd u
f rH sm;aMumifh tck &Sib
f &k ifo
h m;

22

t&SifOwrmeE

jyefjzpfvm&mwGirf l &Sib
f &k if jzpfvpkd w
d f r&Sad wmh/ odjYk zifh
tcsiaf ,mif aqmifco
hJ nf/ odaYk omfjim;vnf; twdwf
uHu &Sib
f &k ifjzpfvkd ukov
kd u
f rH sm;udk jyKvyk cf o
hJ nf
jzpf&um; ckEpS &f ufawmh rif;jzpfomG ;&ao;onf/
yk*&H mZ0ifukd Munfv
h Qiv
f nf; xl;jcm;onfh
jzpf&yfwpfcu
k kd awGU&ygrnf/ &mZukrm&onf rif;om;
jzpfonf/ usefppfom;rif;\ om;awmfjzpfonf/
rif;om;jzpfaomfvnf; rif;jzpfuHryg rjzpfcJhay/
&wemyHak cwfwiG f rif;jzpfxu
kd o
f [
l k ,lqxm;olrsm;
rif;jzpfrvmbJ rarQmfvifhxm;olu rif;jzpfvmaom
tcg wdik ;f jynf uaomif;ueif;jzpfc&hJ onfukd jrefrmh
ordik ;f pmrsuEf mS rsm;wGif txif&mS ; awGU&onf/
tjcm;jzpfpOfwpfckrSmvnf; ajccPm zwf
wwfonfh ykPm ;wpfa,mufu ajray:wiG f xl;jcm;
onfh vlwpfa,muf\ ajccPmudk awGUavonf/

rdk;udkqGwf EGHrSmepfol

23

xko
d \
l ajccPmt& rif;jzpf&rnf/ xdak Mumifh ykPm ;
u vdu
k v
f H pHpk rf;onf/ ajc&mtwdik ;f vdu
k o
f nf/
wpfae&mta&mufwiG f tqdyk gajc&mydik &f iS u
f kd
awGU&m ykPm ;Bu;D oHo,jzpfomG ;onf/ taMumif;
rSm rwfwyf&yfNy;D usiif ,fpeG aYf e jzpfonf/ ajccPm
t& rif;jzpfxu
dk o
f l jzpfaomfvnf; trlt&mt& rif;
jzpfxkdufol r[kwf[k odaejzpfonf/ rnfonfh
t&mu rSeo
f nfukd pHpk rf;ar;jref;rS oifah wmfrnf[k
tBujH zpfonft
h wdik ;f xdo
k u
l kd ajccPmt& rif;jzpf
xdu
k o
f l jzpfaomfvnf; bmaMumifh omrefvjl zpfae
&onfukd odvakd Mumif; ar;avonf/ xdo
k u
l vnf;
rSeyf gaMumif; ol[m ZmwfxrJ mS &Sib
f &k iftcef;uae
okyaf qmif&oljzpfaMumif; jyefajymavonf/
Ak'b
momt& twdwu
f o
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vnf; ypyK eu
f u
H ydk ta&;Bu;D aMumif; jyqdx
k m;
ygonf/ txufyg jzpf&yfrsKd;wdkYrSm rsm;pGm&Sdygonf/

24

t&SifOwrmeE

vlonf ud,
k u
hf ,
kd u
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Ykd o
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k hf
ae&mudk odzv
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kd nf/ ESpcf surf mS vlwikd ;f twGuf
ta&;BuD;onfh tk|fjrpfrsm;jzpfygonf/ xdktk|fjrpf
rsm;udk tajccHNy;D rS txufoYkd wuf&rnfjzpfygonf/
jrefrmhordik ;f wGif vloed nf;onfh jzpf&yfwpfck &Scd o
hJ nf
[k a&S;rSo
D rl sm;u qdMk uygonf/ tavmif;rif;w&m;
bJcYG H rkq;kd zd&k mG olBu;D OD;atmifaZ,sonf a&Tbedk ,f
wGif rif;avmif;tjzpf ausmMf um;aecsed f txufyikd ;f
ewfarmufe,fbufwGifvnf; rif;avmif;tjzpf
emrnfBu;D olwpfa,muf &Sad eonf/
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OD;atmifaZ,s rif;wpfyg;wGif &Sd&rnfh Mueftif
vuPmrsm;ESijhf ynfph akH Mumif; od&aomtcg txuf
ydik ;f rS rif;avmif;tjzpf emrnfausmo
f o
l nf rdrx
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omonft
h csurf sm;aMumifh OD;atmifaZ,sukd ,SONf yKd if
ppfwu
kd jf cif; rjyKawmhbJ oGm;a&mufNy;D vufatmuf

rdk;udkqGwf EGHrSmepfol

25

cHco
hJ nf[k qdMk uonf/ tcsuo
f nf jrefrmhordik ;f
\ tajymif;tvJwpfckvnf; jzpfEdkifp&m&Sdygonf/
tdrfwGif;a&; rajyvnfvQif wdkif;jynfwnfNidrfzdkY
wdk;wufzdkY qdkonfrSm rjzpfEdkifay/ tcsufudk
bmoma&;acgif;aqmif EdkifiHa&;acgif;aqmifwdkY
txl;owdjyKoifyh gonf/ tu,fom ud,
k u
hf ,
kd u
f kd
rodbJ ud,
k Uf taMumif;udk rodbJ OD;atmifaZ,sEiS hf
ppfwu
kd cf yhJ grl jrefrmhordik ;f onf odrYk [kwf wwd,
jrefrmEdik if aH wmfqo
kd nfrmS wpfrsK;d wpfzkH jzpfaumif;
jzpfvmEdik pf &m &Syd gonf/
ZmwfawmfwpfckwGifvnf; ppfolBuD; 'DC
um&m,eonf OD;&D;awmf AEKvppfoBl u;D ESihf om;
oH;k q,fEh pS af ,mufwu
Ykd kd owfjzwfco
hJ nfh aumov
rif;udk rauseyf/ xdak Mumifh tcGio
fh maomtcg xD;eef;
udk vk,yl gonf/ od&Yk mwGif olu
Y ,
kd o
f l rif;jzpfxu
kd o
f l
r[kwrf eS ;f od 0d##Lbrif;om;udk xD;eef;tyfco
hJ nf/

26

t&SifOwrmeE

yk*o
H rdik ;f wGif &mZukrm&rif;om;onf olt
Y m; ray;
tyfco
hJ nfh xD;arG eef;arGukd vk,zl Ykd rBuKd ;pm;cJah y/
ae&mESihf ywfouf twk,zl ,
G &f m ocFe;f pmrsm;udk
wifjyjcif;jzpfygonf/
taMumif;t&mudk jyefquf&vQif a'0'wf
tBuHay;onfhtwdkif; tZmwowfonf zcifudk
owf rif;jzpfygonf/ a'0'wfrSmrlum; oHCmudk
bk&m;&SifxHrS vJTtyf&ef awmif;onfrSp jrwfpGm
bk&m;\ oHCmqdo
k nfh e,fy,fxJ r&Sad wmhay/ Ak'
bmom &[ef;vnf; r[kwaf wmh/ Ak'\
wynfo
h m;
&[ef;vnf; r[kwaf wmhay/ oHCmtodik ;f t0dik ;f rS
y,fNyD; jzpfavonf/ bk&m; omoemESifh rnfodkYrQ
rywfoufawmhay/
wpfcgwiG v
f nf; a'0'wfonf bk&m;&Siu
f kd
owfz&Ykd ef av;orm;rsm;udk vTwv
f u
kd o
f nf/ xkt
d csed f
awmxJwGif bk&m;&Sifwpfyg;wnf; oDwif;oHk;

rdk;udkqGwf EGHrSmepfol

27

aecdkufjzpfonf/ a'0'wftBuHpnfudk MunfhygOD;/

t&ifq;kH av;orm;wpfzGJ u
Y kd bk&m;&Siu
f kd vkyBf uzH Ykd
vTwv
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kd o
f nf/ bk&m;&Siu
f kd vkyBf uNH y;D jyefvmrnfh
xdt
k zJGu
Y kd aemufxyfwpfzGJu
Y vrf;ckvwfuae apmifh
Ny;D vkyBf uaH ponf/ xdt
k zJUG uv
kd nf; aemufwpfzUGJ u
wpfae&muae acsmif;ajrmif;vkyfBuHcdkif;jyefonf/
xdkenf;jzifh tpazsmufzdkY BudK;pm;onf/ tawmfudk
tBuHydkifavonf/
txufwiG f ajymcJo
h nft
h wdik ;f bk&m;&Siw
f Ykd
rnfonf Oyap'uuHjzifh y&deAd m efpH ;kd r&S/d xH;k pHr&S/d
av;orm;rsm; ratmifjrifaomtcg a'0'wfonf
bk&m;&Siu
f kd ud,
k w
f ikd o
f wfzYkd BujH yefonf/ bk&m;&Sif
onf *dZuk#fawmifapmif;wGif pBuFef<uaecdkuf
awmifay:raS e ausmufw;Hk Bu;D udk vdrS chf svu
kd o
f nf/
jrwfpmG bk&m;rSm touftE&m,f rxdcu
kd af omfvnf;
ajcaxmufrmS ausmufux
GJ d aoG;pdr;f wnfc&hJ onf/

28

t&SifOwrmeE

tZmwowfrif;\ tultnDjzifh ppfqifjzpfaom

emVm*D&dqifBuD;udk t&ufawG rl;atmifwdkufNyD;
qGr;f cH<uvmonfh jrwfpmG bk&m;udk eif;owfzYkd BuKd ;pm;
jyefonf/ a'0'wfonf bk&m;&Siu
f kd tBurd Bf urd f owf
zdYk BuKd ;pm;aomfvnf; tBurd w
f ikd ;f yif ratmifjrifcahJ y/
bk&m;&Sifudk vkyfBuHonfrSm wpfBudrfru
ESpBf urd rf ujzpf wdik ;f oljynfom;awG odvmonf/
rausreyf ajymqdkvmMuonf/ tZmwowfrif;\
q&mjzpfonfuv
kd nf; odMuonf/ rauseyfcsurf sm;
onf wpfqifph um; wpfqifeh m;jzifh tZmowfrif;\
em;txd ayguaf vawmhonf/ jynfow
l Ykd rauseyf
vQif ol\rif;pnf;pdru
f ykd g xdcu
kd Ef ikd o
f nfukd odae
onf/ xdt
k csed rf pS tZmwowfrif;onf a'0'wfukd
tqufjzwfvdkufonf/
opfyifvJawmh arsmuftkyf uJG&onfrSm
"rwmjzpfonf/ tZmwowfrif;\ rScD &kd m axmufyhH

rdk;udkqGwf EGHrSmepfol

29

&mudk r&awmh a'0'wfvnf; tawmf,ikd o

f mG ;onf/
odaYk omf a'0'wfum; OmPfeOD mPfeufrsm;ol tBuH
tzef&o
dS l jzpfonf/ aemufq;kH tBuH olBujH yefonf/
t,ltqwpfck csjy&ef jzpfonf/ t&if aqmif;yg;
rsm;wGif aqG;aEG; wifjycJhbl;ouJhodkY EdkifiHa&;&m
vkyif ef;wpfcrk mS ud,
k Uft,ltqudk y&dowfa&SUcsjy&ef
jzpfonf/ aumif;aumif;qd;k qd;k rSerf eS rf mS ;rSm; BuKd uf
ol&o
dS vdk uefu
Y u
G o
f v
l nf; &Srd nfom jzpfonf/ xdk
oabmudk a'0'wfu aumif;aumif;odonfom/
aemufq;kH tm;xkwcf sut
f aejzifh a'0'wf
onf bk&m;&Sif&Sd&m oGm;onf/ acgif;yg;aom tusifh
wpfrsKd;udk wifjy&efjzpfonf/ xdktcsufjzifh rod
em;rvnfao;ol omoemyg; r0ao;ol &Sifi,f
&[ef;i,frsm;udk qJaG qmif&ef odr;f oGi;f &efjzpfonf/
ol\t,ltqjzpfaom acgif;yg;aomtusifhwGif

30

t&SifOwrmeE

atmufygtwdkif; ig;csuf yg0ifonf/ bk&m;omoem

twGi;f a&mufvmMuonfh &Si?f &[ef;wdt
Yk aejzif-h
(1) toufxufqHk; awmausmif;om aeMu
NrdKUjyausmif;rsm; &Gmausmif;rsm;wGif raeMu&ef/
(2) yifhzdwfvSL'gef;onfh qGrf;rsm;udk rbkOf;ay;bJ
wpfoufywfv;kH qGr;f cHom bkO;f ay;Mu&ef/
(3) toufxufqHk; toifhcsKyfNyD;ouFef; toifh
csKyv
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kH J trIu
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Yk kd
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k w
f ikd cf sKy-f qd;k jyKvyk &f aom yHo
h ul
ouFe;f rsm;udo
k m 0wfkH Mu&ef/
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(5) trJ om; ig;wdu
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&moufyef oufowfvw
G o
f m bkO;f ay;Mu&ef/
txufyg a'0'wf\ awmif;qdck surf sm;udk
Ak'u
vufcaH wmf rrlcahJ y/ vlMum;aumif;Hk t,l

rdk;udkqGwf EGHrSmepfol

31

tqrsm;jzpfNyD; vufawGUusifh&ef roifhavsmfaom

r*fzdkvfedAmef &aMumif;r[kwfaom taMumif;rsm;
aMumifh jzpfonf/ xdktcsufrsm;ESifh ywfouf
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hf u
kd
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tusijhf rwfrsm;wGiv
f nf; tus,w
f 0ifh &Si;f vif;xm;
Ny;D jzpfaMumif;udk pmayrsm;wGif txif&mS ;awGU&onf/
xdjk yif om;ig;wdEYk iS yhf wfoufvnf; &[ef;
wdYk oH;k aqmiftyfaom tom; roH;k aqmiftyfaom
tom;rsm;udk 0denf;rsm;wGif azmfjyxm;onf/ &[ef;
b0qdkonfrSm tyludkvdkvQif tat;udk &wwf?
tat;udv
k v
kd Qif tylukd &wwfonf[k qdMk uygonf/
rSefygonf/ vl'um-'umrwdkY tqifajyovdk vSL
aomt&mudk vufc&H rnfomjzpf&m [d[
k mudk vdck sif
'D[mudk rvdkcsif[k acs;rsm; rjzpfay/

32

t&SifOwrmeE

ol \ wif j ycsuf r sm;ud k jrwf p G m bk & m;u

jiif;y,fcJhonfhtwGuf a'0'wfu 0rf;renf;yg/
arQmv
f ifNh y;D om;vnf; jzpf[ef&ydS gonf/ oHCy&dowf
tpHak &SUrmS xdt
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Wednesday, December 11, 2013
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