July 7, 2014

The Right Honourable Stephen Harper, P.C., M.P.

Prime Minister of Canada
Office of the Prime Minister
80 Wellington Street
Ottawa, ON K1A 0A2
Dear Prime Minister:
Re: Canadas response to the decision in Canada
(Attorney General) v. Bedford
We write to you as concerned citizens and members of the
legal profession.
We are concerned about the direction your government
is taking with respect to adult prostitution in Canada. Bill
C-36, also known as the Protection of Communities and
Exploited Persons Act, proposes a legal regime that crimi-
nalizes many aspects of adult prostitution, including the
purchase of sexual services, the advertisement of sexual
services, and most communication in public for the pur-
pose of prostitution.
As the Supreme Court of Canada unanimously held in
Canada (Attorney General) v. Bedford (Bedford), three of
Canadas current adult prostitution laws are an unjustifi-
able infringement of sex workers right to security of the
person, pursuant to s. 7 of the Canadian Charter of Rights
and Freedoms (the Charter). These laws were found to
create and exacerbate dangerous conditions and prevent
sex workers from taking action to reduce or mitigate the
risks they face. We are concerned that, for the very same
reasons that caused the Court to strike down these pros-
titution laws, the criminal regime proposed by Bill C-36 is
likely to offend the Charter as well.
The prohibition on purchasing sexual services (and com-
municating anywhere for that purpose) will have much the
same effect as existing adult prostitution laws. Targeting
clients will displace sex workers to isolated areas where
prospective customers are less likely to be detected by
police. Such criminalization will continue to limit the practi-
cal ability of sex workers to screen their clients or negotiate
the terms of the transaction, as there will be pressure from
clients to proceed as quickly as possible. Sex workers will
continue to face barriers to police protection and will be
prevented from operating in a safe indoor space, as clients
face the potential of being arrested if they attend such
spaces.
As a result, while criminalizing the purchase of sexual ser-
vices is said to be aimed at protecting sex workers, this
type of criminal prohibition will in fact do what the current
7 juillet 2014
Le trs honorable Stephen Harper, P.C., M.P.
Premier Ministre du Canada
Bureau du Premier Ministre
80, rue Wellington
Ottawa, ON K1A 0A2
Monsieur le Premier Ministre,
Re: Rponse du Canada au jugement dans Canada
(Procureur gnral) c. Bedford
Nous vous crivons en tant que citoyens et membres de
la communaut juridique.
Nous sommes proccups par lorientation envisage
par votre gouvernement en ce qui a trait la prostitution
adulte au Canada. Le projet de loi C36, intitul Loi sur
la protection des collectivits et des personnes victimes
dexploitation, propose un rgime lgal criminalisant plu-
sieurs aspects de la prostitution adulte, y compris lachat
de services sexuels, la publicit de services sexuels et
la majorit des communications publiques relatives la
prostitution.
Tel qutabli dans le jugement unanime de la Cour su-
prme du Canada, Canada (Procureur Gnral du Cana-
da) c. Bedford (Bedford), trois des articles de loi actuels
sur la prostitution constituent, en vertu de larticle 7 de la
Charte canadienne des droits et liberts (la Charte), une
atteinte injustifiable aux droits des travailleurs(euses) du
sexe et la scurit de leur personne. La Cour a jug que
ces articles de loi crent et exacerbent des conditions de
travail dangereuses pour les travailleurs(euese) du sexe,
les empchant ainsi de prendre les moyens ncessaires
pour rduire ou attnuer les risques auxquels ils(elles) doi-
vent faire face. Nous sommes proccups que le rgime
propos par le projet de loi C-36 est susceptible de cont-
revenir la Charte pour les mmes raisons ayant amenes
la Cour invalider les trois articles de loi concernant la
prostitution.

Linterdiction de lachat de services sexuels (et la commu-
nication nimporte o cet effet), aurait les mmes effets
que la loi actuelle sur la prostitution adulte. En ciblant les
clients, lon dplacerait les travailleurs(euses) du sexe vers
des endroits isols o les clients potentiels seraient moins
susceptibles dtre reprs par la police. Une telle crimi-
nalisation continuerait aussi de limiter la capacit effective
des travailleurs(euses) du sexe de filtrer leurs clients ou
de ngocier les termes de la transaction, puisquil y aura
des pressions de la part des clients de procder le plus
rapidement possible. Une telle criminalisation continuerait
galement de restreindre laccs la protection policire,
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adult prostitution laws do, which is to subject sex workers
to a greater risk to their safety. This constitutes the reason
why such laws were invalidated in the Bedford judgment.
Bill C-36 also proposes a law that will prohibit the sex in-
dustry from advertising. This type of prohibition will sig-
nificantly limit sex workers ability to work safely indoors,
as it restricts their ability to communicate their services to
potential clients. This is concerning considering that the
Court in Bedford clearly found that the ability to operate in
indoor venues is a key measure for sex workers to reduce
the risk of violence.
We would also like to address the proposed prohibition on
communication to offer sexual services in a public place
that is or is next to a place where a person under the age
of 18 could reasonably be expected to be found. This pro-
vision continues to criminalize street-based sex workers,
who are among the most marginalized segment of the in-
dustry, and is only marginally narrower than what the Court
struck down in Bedford. The law will have the same effect
of displacing sex workers to isolated areas where they are
more likely to work alone in order to avoid police detection,
and where they will continue to rush into vehicles without
taking the time to screen clients and negotiate the terms
of the transaction.
We urge you to keep in mind the harms that the Court in
Bedford said were caused by criminal prohibitions and to
ensure that any future legal regime conforms to the Char-
ter and does not cause sex workers an increased risk of
harm.
Yours sincerely,
puisque tant les travailleurs(euses) que les clients craindront
la prsence policire. De surcrot, les travailleurs(euses) du
sexe continuent dtre empchs(es) doprer dans des
endroits scuritaires intrieurs, puisque les clients seraient
susceptibles dtre arrts sils sy rendent.
En consquence, bien que la criminalisation des clients
pour lachat de services sexuels vise soi-disant la protec-
tion des travailleurs(euses) du sexe, le mode de prohibition
envisag reproduira les effets des lois actuelles, soit de
mettre risque la scurit mme des travailleurs(euses) du
sexe, entranant du coup les mmes maux qui ont motiv
linvalidation des lois dans le jugement Bedford.
Le projet de loi C-36 propose aussi un article de loi qui in-
terdirait lindustrie du sexe de faire de la publicit. Ce type
dinterdiction limiterait de faon significative la capacit des
travailleurs(euses) du sexe de travailler en toute scurit
lintrieur car cela limiterait leurs aptitudes communiquer
leurs services aux clients potentiels. Ceci est troublant car la
Cour a clairement jug, dans la dcision Bedford, que la ca-
pacit de fonctionner lintrieur est essentielle pour rduire
les risques de violences auprs des travailleurs(euses) du
sexe.
Nous sommes galement proccups par linterdiction pro-
pose doffrir des services sexuels dans un endroit public
o une personne de moins de 18 ans pourrait raisonnable-
ment se trouver. Cet article de loi continue de criminaliser
les travailleurs(euses) du sexe qui travaillent dans la rue,
ceuxci (celles-ci) figurant parmi le groupe le plus margin-
alis de lindustrie; cet article est seulement marginalement
moins restrictif que larticle de loi qui a t invalid par la
Cour dans Bedford. Larticle de loi aura le mme effet de d-
placer les travailleurs(euses) du sexe vers des zones isoles
o ils(elles) seront davantage susceptibles de travailler seuls
pour viter dtre dtects par la police, et de se prcipiter
dans des vhicules sans prendre le temps de filtrer certains
clients ou de ngocier les termes de la transaction.
Nous vous exhortons garder en mmoire que les maux
dnoncs par la Cour dans Bedford sont la consquence
dune prohibition criminelle et vous assurer que le fu-
tur rgime lgal soit conforme la Charte et quainsi ce
nouveau rgime nentrane pas de risques accrus pour les
travailleurs(euses) du sexe.
Bien vous,
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Coalition des Organismes Communautaires Qubcois de
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Editor-in-Chief, National Journal of Constitutional Law
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