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CH\u00c6\u00c5NG 1:M\u00c5\u00cd \u00c2\u00c1\u00d6 U
\u00c2A\u00db I HO\u00dc C \u00c2A\u00cc N\u00c0\u00d4 NG
TR\u00c6\u00c5\u00cc NG \u00c2A\u00db I HO\u00dc C BA\u00cf CH KHOA
KHOA X\u00c1Y D\u00c6\u00db NG DD VA\u00cc C\u00c4NG NGHI\u00c3\u00db P
B\u00c4\u00dc M\u00c4N KI\u00c3\u00daN TRU\u00cfC
GiaCo Tr\u0192nh
QUY HOA\u00db CH \u00c2\u00c4 TH\u00cb
(Da\u00ec nh cho chuy\u00e3n nga\u00ec nh X\u00e1y d\u00e6\u00fb ng D\u00e1n du\u00fb ng va\u00ec C\u00e4ng nghi\u00e3\u00fb p)
Bi\u00e3n soa\u00fb n: KTS. T\u00c4 V\u00c0N HU\u00cc NG
\ue001\ue001 \ue000 \ue002\ue002
\u00c2a\u00ec N\u00e0\u00f4ng, n\u00e0m 2005
CH\u00c6\u00c5NG 1: M\u00c5\u00cd \u00c2\u00c1\u00d6U
KHA\u00cf
I NI\u00c3\u00db M CHUNG V\u00c3\u00d6 QUY HOA\u00db CH \u00c2\u00c4 TH\u00cb
I.QUY HOA\u00db CH \u00c2\u00c4 TH\u00cb LA\u00cc G\u00c7 ?
1. \u00c2\u00ebnh ngh\u00e9a:
- QH\u00c2T co\u00ec n go\u00fc i la\u00ec Quy hoa\u00fb ch kh\u00e4ng gian \u00e2\u00e4 th\u00eb nghi\u00e3n c\u00e6\u00efu co\u00ef h\u00e3\u00fb th\u00e4\u00fang nh\u00e6\u00ee
ng ph\u00e6\u00e5ng pha\u00efp
\u00e2\u00e3\u00f8 b\u00e4\u00fa tr\u00ea h\u00e5\u00fc
p ly\u00ef ca\u00efc tha\u00ec nh ph\u00e1\u00f6 n cu\u00ed a \u00e2\u00e4 th\u00eb, phu\u00ec h\u00e5\u00fc p v\u00e5\u00efi nh\u00e6\u00eeng nhu c\u00e1\u00f6 u cu\u00ed a con ng\u00e6\u00e5\u00ec i va\u00ec \u00e2i\u00e3\u00f6 u
ki\u00e3\u00fb
n t\u00e6\u00fb nhi\u00e3n, \u00e2\u00e4\u00f6 ng th\u00e5\u00ec i \u00e2\u00e3\u00f6 ra nh\u00e6\u00eeng gia\u00ed i pha\u00efp ky\u00ee thu\u00e1\u00fb t \u00e2\u00e3\u00f8 th\u00e6\u00fb c hi\u00e3\u00fb n ca\u00efc ph\u00e6\u00e5ng pha\u00efp b\u00e4\u00fa tr\u00ea \u00e2o\u00ef.
- QH\u00c2T la\u00ec m\u00e4n khoa ho\u00fc c t\u00e4\u00f8ng h\u00e5\u00fc p li\u00e3n quan \u00e2\u00e3\u00fan nhi\u00e3\u00f6 u nga\u00ec nh ngh\u00e3\u00f6 , nhi\u00e3\u00f6 u v\u00e1\u00fan \u00e2\u00e3\u00f6 : \u00e2\u00e5\u00ec i s\u00e4\u00fang,
v\u00e0n ho\u00efa, xa\u00ee h\u00e4\u00fc i, khoa ho\u00fc c ky\u00ee thu\u00e1\u00fb t, ngh\u00e3\u00fb thu\u00e1\u00fb t va\u00ec c\u00e1\u00fau ta\u00fb o m\u00e4i tr\u00e6\u00e5\u00ec ng s\u00e4\u00fang...
2. M\u00e4\u00fc t s\u00e4\u00fa \u00e2\u00e0\u00fb c \u00e2i\u00e3\u00f8m va\u00ec y\u00e3u c\u00e1\u00f6 u cu\u00eda c\u00e4ng ta\u00efc QH\u00c2T
2.1.\u00c2\u00e0\u00fb c \u00e2i\u00e3\u00f8m

- QH\u00c2T la\u00ec c\u00e4ng ta\u00efc co\u00ef t\u00eanh ch\u00eanh sa\u00efch.
- QH\u00c2T la\u00ec c\u00e4ng ta\u00efc co\u00eft\u00eanh t\u00e4\u00f8ng h\u00e5\u00fc p.
- QH\u00c2T la\u00ec c\u00e4ng ta\u00efc co\u00ef t\u00eanh \u00e2\u00eba ph\u00e6\u00e5ng va\u00ec t\u00eanh k\u00e3\u00fa th\u00e6\u00ec a.
- QH\u00c2T la\u00ec c\u00e4ng ta\u00efc co\u00ef t\u00eanh d\u00e6\u00fb \u00e2oa\u00efn va\u00ec c\u00e5 \u00e2\u00e4\u00fc ng.

2.2.Y\u00e3u c\u00e1\u00f6u
Quy hoa\u00fb ch \u00e2\u00e4 th\u00eb c\u00e1\u00f6 n pha\u00ed i \u00e2a\u00fb t \u00e2\u00e6\u00e5\u00fc
c 3 y\u00e3u c\u00e1\u00f6 u sau:
- Ta\u00fb
o l\u00e1\u00fb p t\u00e4\u00fai \u00e6u ca\u00efc \u00e2i\u00e3\u00f6 u ki\u00e3\u00fb n kh\u00e4ng gian cho qua\u00ef tr\u00e7nh sa\u00ed n xu\u00e1\u00fat va\u00ec m\u00e5\u00ed r\u00e4\u00fc
ng cu\u00ed a xa\u00ee h\u00e4\u00fc i.
- Pha\u00eft tri\u00e3\u00f8
n t\u00e4\u00f8ng h\u00e5\u00fc p toa\u00ec n di\u00e3\u00fb n nh\u00e6\u00eeng \u00e2i\u00e3\u00f6 u ki\u00e3\u00fb n s\u00e4\u00fang, \u00e2i\u00e3\u00f6
u ki\u00e3\u00fb n lao \u00e2\u00e4\u00fc ng va\u00ec ti\u00e3\u00f6 n \u00e2\u00e3\u00f6 pha\u00eft
tri\u00e3\u00f8
n nh\u00e1n ca\u00efch, quan h\u00e3\u00fb c\u00e4\u00fc ng \u00e2\u00e4\u00f6 ng cu\u00ed a con ng\u00e6\u00e5\u00ec i.
- Ta\u00fb o l\u00e1\u00fb p t\u00e5\u00efi \u00e6u qua\u00ef tr\u00e7nh trao \u00e2\u00e4\u00f8i ch\u00e1\u00fat gi\u00e6\u00eea con ng\u00e6\u00e5\u00ec i va\u00ec thi\u00e3n nhi\u00e3n, khai tha\u00efc va\u00ec ba\u00ed o v\u00e3\u00fb ta\u00ec i
nguy\u00e3n m\u00e4i tr\u00e6\u00e5\u00ec ng
II. MU\u00db C TI\u00c3U & NHI\u00c3\u00db M VU\u00db C\u00c5 BA\u00cd N CU\u00cd A C\u00c4NG TA\u00cf C QH\u00c2T & XD\u00c2T
1.Mu\u00fb c ti\u00e3u
C\u00e4ng ta\u00efc QH\u00c2T nh\u00e0\u00f2 m cu\u00fbth\u00e3\u00f8 ho\u00efa chi\u00e3\u00fan l\u00e6\u00e5\u00fc c pha\u00eft tri\u00e3\u00f8n kinh t\u00e3\u00fa, xa\u00ee h\u00e4\u00fc i cu\u00ed a qu\u00e4\u00fac gia,tr\u00e6\u00e5\u00efc ti\u00e3n
la\u00ec cu\u00fb th\u00e3\u00f8 ho\u00efa chi\u00e3\u00fan l\u00e6\u00e5\u00fc c pha\u00eft tri\u00e3\u00f8n cu\u00ed a \u00e2\u00e4 th\u00eb \u00e2\u00e4\u00fai v\u00e5\u00efi n\u00e3\u00f6 n kinh t\u00e3\u00fa qu\u00e4\u00fac d\u00e1n.
T\u00e1\u00fa
t ca\u00ed ca\u00efc \u00e2\u00e4 th\u00eb \u00e2\u00e3\u00f6 u pha\u00edi co\u00ef quy hoa\u00fb ch: quy hoa\u00fb ch ca\u00edi ta\u00fb o va\u00ec quy hoa\u00fb ch x\u00e1y d\u00e6\u00fb ng pha\u00eft
tri\u00e3\u00f8
n \u00e2\u00e4 th\u00eb.Ca\u00efc \u00e2\u00e4\u00f6 a\u00efn quy hoa\u00fb ch \u00e2\u00e6\u00e5\u00fc c duy\u00e3\u00fb t la\u00ec c\u00e5 s\u00e5\u00ed pha\u00efp ly\u00ef \u00e2\u00e3\u00fb qua\u00ed

n ly\u00ef x\u00e1y d\u00e6\u00fb ng \u00e2\u00e4 th\u00eb, ti\u00e3\u00fan ha\u00ec nh c\u00e4ng ta\u00efc chu\u00e1\u00f8n b\u00eb \u00e2\u00e1\u00f6 u t\u00e6 x\u00e1y d\u00e6\u00fb ng c\u00e5 ba\u00edn. \u00c5\u00cd VN theo quy \u00e2\u00ebnh cu\u00eda B\u00e4\u00fc XD th\u00e7 \u00e2\u00e4\u00f6 a\u00efn QHXD\u00c2T bao g\u00e4\u00f6 m ca\u00efc giai \u00e2oa\u00fb n sau:

QH vu\u00ec ng la\u00eenh th\u00e4\u00f8
QH chi ti\u00e3\u00fat \u00e2\u00e4 th\u00eb
QH chi ti\u00e3\u00fat cu\u00fbm c\u00e4ng tr\u00e7nh Thi\u00e3\u00fat k\u00e3\u00fa
XDCT
2.Nhi\u00e3\u00fb
m vu\u00fb
2.1.T\u00e4\u00f8 ch\u00e6\u00efc sa\u00ed n xu\u00e1\u00fat:

QH\u00c2T pha\u00edi \u00e2a\u00edm ba\u00edo h\u00e5\u00fcp ly\u00ef ca\u00efc khu v\u00e6\u00fb c sa\u00edn xu\u00e1\u00fat, tr\u00e6\u00e5\u00efc ti\u00e3n la\u00ec ca\u00efc khu c\u00e4ng nghi\u00e3\u00fb p t\u00e1\u00fb p trung, ca\u00efc x\u00ea nghi\u00e3\u00fb p c\u00e4ng nghi\u00e3\u00fb p v\u00e6\u00ec a va\u00ec nho\u00ed, ca\u00efc c\u00e5 s\u00e5\u00ed thu\u00ed c\u00e4ng nghi\u00e3\u00fb p va\u00ec ca\u00efc loa\u00fb i h\u00e7nh \u00e2\u00e0\u00fb c tr\u00e6ng kha\u00ef

c. Pha\u00ed i gia\u00ed i quy\u00e3\u00fat m\u00e4\u00fai quan h\u00e3\u00fb gi\u00e6\u00eea ca\u00efc khu c\u00e4ng nghi\u00e3\u00fb p v\u00e5\u00efi khu d\u00e1n c\u00e6 cu\u00ec ng nh\u00e6 v\u00e5\u00efi
ca\u00efc khu hoa\u00fb t \u00e2\u00e4\u00fc ng kha\u00efc.
2.2.T\u00e4\u00f8 ch\u00e6\u00efc \u00e2\u00e5\u00ec i s\u00e4\u00fang:
QH\u00c2T co\u00ef nhi\u00e3\u00fb m vu\u00fb t\u00e4\u00f8 ch\u00e6\u00efc t\u00e4\u00fat \u00e2\u00e5\u00ec i s\u00e4\u00fang va\u00ec mo\u00fc i hoa\u00fb t \u00e2\u00e4ng kha\u00ef

c cu\u00ed a ng\u00e6\u00e5\u00ec i d\u00e1n \u00e2\u00e4 th\u00eb, ta\u00fb o c\u00e5 c\u00e1\u00fau h\u00e5\u00fc p ly\u00ef trong vi\u00e3\u00fb c ph\u00e1n b\u00e4\u00fa d\u00e1n c\u00e6 va\u00ec s\u00e6\u00ed du\u00fb ng \u00e2\u00e1\u00fat \u00e2ai \u00e2\u00e4 th\u00eb nh\u00e1\u00fat la\u00ec trong vi\u00e3\u00fb c t\u00e4\u00f8 ch\u00e6\u00efc ca\u00efc khu \u00e5\u00ed , ca\u00efc khu c\u00e4ng c\u00e4\u00fc ng, phu\u00efc l\u00e5\u00fc i xa\u00ee h\u00e4\u00fc

i, ca\u00efc khu c\u00e1y xanh, khu vui ch\u00e5i gia\u00ed i tr\u00ea ...
2.3.T\u00e4\u00f8 ch\u00e6\u00efc kh\u00e4ng gian ki\u00e3\u00fan tru\u00efc & ca\u00ed nh quan, m\u00e4i tr\u00e6\u00e5\u00ec ng \u00e2\u00e4 th\u00eb:
\u00c2\u00e1y la\u00ec nhi\u00e3\u00fb m vu\u00fb r\u00e1\u00fat quan tro\u00fc ng cu\u00ed a c\u00e4ng ta\u00efc QH\u00c2T nh\u00e0\u00f2 m cu\u00fb th\u00e3\u00f8 ho\u00efa c\u00e4ng ta\u00efc x\u00e1y d\u00e6\u00fb ng
d\u00e4 th\u00eb, ta\u00fb o cho m\u00e4\u00f9i \u00e2\u00e4 th\u00eb co\u00ef m\u00e4\u00fc t \u00e2\u00e0\u00fb

c tr\u00e6ng ri\u00e3ng v\u00e3\u00f6 b\u00e4\u00fc m\u00e0\u00fb t ki\u00e3\u00fan tru\u00efc, ha\u00ec i ho\u00ec a v\u00e5\u00efi khung ca\u00ed nh thi\u00e3n nhi\u00e3n va\u00ec \u00e2\u00eba h\u00e7nh. Cho n\u00e3n QH\u00c2T c\u00e1\u00f6 n xa\u00efc \u00e2\u00ebnh \u00e2\u00e6\u00e5\u00fc c h\u00e6\u00e5\u00efng b\u00e4\u00fa cu\u00fb c kh\u00e4ng gian ki\u00e3\u00fan tru\u00efc, xa\u00efc \u00e2\u00ebnh v\u00eb tr\u00ea va\u00ec h\u00e7nh kh\u00e4\u00fai cu\u00ed a ca\u00efc c\u00e4ng tr\u00e7nh mang t\u00eanh chu\u00ed \u00e2a\u00fb

o cu\u00ed a \u00e2\u00e4 th\u00eb.
III. \u00c2\u00c4 TH\u00cb LA\u00cc G\u00c7?
1.\u00c2\u00ebnh ngh\u00e9a.
\u00c2\u00e4 th\u00eb la\u00ec m\u00e4\u00fc t \u00e2i\u00e3\u00f8m d\u00e1n c\u00e6 co\u00ef ca\u00ef
c y\u00e3\u00fau t\u00e4\u00fa c\u00e5 ba\u00ed n sau:
- Trung t\u00e1m t\u00e4\u00f8ng h\u00e5\u00fc p hay chuy\u00e3n nga\u00ec nh, co\u00ef vai tro\u00ec thu\u00efc \u00e2\u00e1\u00f8y s\u00e6\u00fb pha\u00eft tri\u00e3\u00f8n kinh t\u00e3\u00fa xa\u00ee h\u00e4\u00fc i

cu\u00ed a m\u00e4\u00fc t vu\u00ec ng la\u00eenh th\u00e4\u00f8 nh\u00e1\u00fat \u00e2\u00ebnh.
- Quy m\u00e4 d\u00e1n s\u00e4\u00fa kh\u00e4ng nho\u00ed h\u00e5n 4.000 ng\u00e6\u00e5\u00ec i (vu\u00ec ng nu\u00efi co\u00ef th\u00e3\u00f8 th\u00e1\u00fap h\u00e5n)
- Lao \u00e2\u00e4\u00fc ng phi n\u00e4ng nghi\u00e3\u00fb p chi\u00e3\u00fam tr\u00e3n 60% trong t\u00e4\u00f8ng s\u00e4\u00fa lao \u00e2\u00e4\u00fc ng.
- Co\u00ef ca\u00efc c\u00e5 s\u00e5\u00ed ky\u00ee thu\u00e1\u00fb t ha\u00fb t\u00e1\u00f6 ng va\u00ec ca\u00efc c\u00e4ng tr\u00e7nh c\u00e4ng c\u00e4\u00fc ng phu\u00fb c vu\u00fb d\u00e1n c\u00e6 \u00e2\u00e4 th\u00eb
- M\u00e1\u00fb t \u00e2\u00e4\u00fc d\u00e1n c\u00e6 \u00e2\u00e6\u00e5\u00fc

c xa\u00efc \u00e2\u00ebnh tuy\u00ec theo t\u00e6\u00ec ng loa\u00fb i \u00e2\u00e4 th\u00eb phu\u00ec h\u00e5\u00fc p v\u00e5\u00efi \u00e2\u00e0\u00fb c \u00e2i\u00e3\u00f8m t\u00e6\u00ec ng vu\u00ec ng.
2.\u00c2\u00e4 th\u00eb hoa\u00ef la\u00ec g\u00e7:
2.1.\u00c2\u00ebnh ngh\u00e9a:
- \u00c2\u00e4 th\u00eb hoa\u00ef la\u00ec qua\u00ef tr\u00e7nh t\u00e1\u00fb p trung d\u00e1n c\u00e6 va\u00ec o ca\u00efc \u00e2\u00e4 th\u00eb, la\u00ec s\u00e6\u00fb h\u00e7nh tha\u00ec nh nhanh cho\u00efng
ca\u00ef
c \u00e2i\u00e3\u00f8m d\u00e1n c\u00e6 tr\u00e3n c\u00e5 s\u00e5\u00ed pha\u00eft tri\u00e3\u00f8
n sa\u00ed n xu\u00e1\u00fat va\u00ec \u00e2\u00e5\u00ec i s\u00e4\u00fang. \u00c2\u00e4 th\u00eb hoa\u00ef ch\u00e6\u00efa \u00e2\u00e6\u00fb ng nhi\u00e3\u00f6 u hi\u00e3\u00fb n
t\u00e6\u00e5\u00fc ng va\u00ec bi\u00e3\u00f8u hi\u00e3\u00fb n kha\u00efc nhau trong qua\u00ef tr\u00e7nh pha\u00eft tri\u00e3\u00f8n.
- M\u00e6\u00efc \u00e2\u00e4\u00fc \u00e2\u00e4 th\u00eb hoa\u00ef \u00e2\u00e4 th\u00eb t\u00eanh b\u00e0\u00f2 ng A/B %
Trong \u00e2o\u00ef

:
+ A: D\u00e1n s\u00e4\u00fa \u00e2\u00e4 th\u00eb
+ B: T\u00e4\u00f8ng s\u00e4\u00fa d\u00e1n toa\u00ec n qu\u00e4\u00fac hay vu\u00ec ng

Tuy nhi\u00e3n ty\u00ed l\u00e3\u00fb % na\u00ec y kh\u00e4ng pha\u00ed n a\u00ed nh \u00e2\u00e1\u00f6 y \u00e2u\u00ed m\u00e6\u00efc \u00e2\u00e4\u00fc th\u00eb ho\u00efa cu\u00ed a m\u00e4\u00fc t qu\u00e4\u00fac gia.
2.2. Ph\u00e1n loa\u00fb i:
- \u00c2\u00e4 th\u00eb ho\u00efa t\u00e0ng c\u00e6\u00e5\u00ec ng:
Xa\u00ed
y ra \u00e5\u00ed ca\u00efc n\u00e6\u00e5\u00efc pha\u00eft tri\u00e3\u00f8n, \u00e2\u00e4 th\u00eb hoa\u00ef ch\u00eanh la\u00ec qua\u00ef tr\u00e7nh c\u00e4ng nghi\u00e3\u00fb p ho\u00efa \u00e2\u00e1\u00fat n\u00e6\u00e5\u00efc,
nga\u00ec
y ca\u00ec ng n\u00e1ng cao \u00e2i\u00e3\u00f6 u ki\u00e3\u00fb n s\u00e4\u00fang va\u00ec la\u00ec m vi\u00e3\u00fb c, ta\u00fb o ra cac ti\u00e3\u00f6 n \u00e2\u00e3\u00f6 cho s\u00e6\u00fb pha\u00eft tri\u00e3\u00f8n kinh t\u00e3\u00fa xa\u00ee
h\u00e4\u00fc i, xo\u00efa bo\u00ed d\u00e1\u00f6 n nh\u00e6\u00eeng m\u00e1u thu\u00e1\u00f9n, s\u00e6\u00fb kha\u00efc bi\u00e3\u00fb t c\u00e5 ba\u00ed n gi\u00e6\u00eea \u00e2\u00e4 th\u00eb va\u00ec n\u00e4ng th\u00e4n.
- \u00c2\u00e4 th\u00eb ho\u00efa gia\u00ed ta\u00fb o:.
Xa\u00ed y ra \u00e5\u00ed ca\u00efc n\u00e6\u00e5\u00efc \u00e2ang pha\u00eft tri\u00e3\u00f8n, \u00c2\u00e4 th\u00eb ho\u00efa \u00e2\u00e0\u00fb c tr\u00e6ng la\u00ec\u00ec s\u00e6\u00fb bu\u00ec ng n\u00e4\u00f8 v\u00e3\u00f6 d\u00e1n s\u00e4\u00fa va\u00ec s\u00e6\u00fb
pha\u00eft tri\u00e3\u00f8n y\u00e3\u00fau ke\u00efm cu\u00ed a nga\u00ec nh c\u00e4ng nghi\u00e3\u00fb p. M\u00e1u thu\u00e1\u00f9n gi\u00e6\u00eea \u00e2\u00e4 th\u00eb va\u00ec n\u00e4ng th\u00e4n tr\u00e5\u00ed n\u00e3n s\u00e1u s\u00e0\u00f5
c
do s\u00e6\u00fb pha\u00eft tri\u00e3\u00f8n m\u00e1\u00fat c\u00e1n \u00e2\u00e4\u00fai cu\u00ed a ca\u00efc \u00e2i\u00e3\u00f8m d\u00e1n c\u00e6, \u00e2\u00e0\u00fb c bi\u00e3\u00fb t la\u00ec s\u00e6\u00fb pha\u00eft tri\u00e3\u00f8n \u00e2\u00e4\u00fc c quy\u00e3\u00f6
n cu\u00ed a ca\u00efc \u00e2\u00e4
th\u00eb c\u00e6\u00fb c l\u00e5\u00efn, ta\u00fb o n\u00e3n nh\u00e6\u00eeng hi\u00e3\u00fb n t\u00e6\u00e5\u00fc ng \u00e2\u00e4\u00fc c c\u00e6\u00fb c trong pha\u00eft tri\u00e3\u00f8n \u00e2\u00e4 th\u00eb.
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