CH16NOTES–THECIVILWAR



I

SouthCarolinasecedesDec.20,1860asresultofLincolnwinningelection.ByFebruary18616morestateshadseceded.

A.

ConfederateStatesofAmericaisformed,JeffersonDavisisnamedPresident.

ConfederacybeginsseizingFederalForts.Ft.SumterisbombardedbyConfederatesandtaken.**MarksthebeginningoftheCivilWar.

Lincoln’smaingoal–topreservetheUnion.(keepslavery,abolishslavery)

IIIUnionStates

–Maine,Vermont,NewHampshire,NewYork,Mass,RI,Conn,NJ,*Del,*Maryland,Penn,Ohio,Indiana,Illinois,WestVirginia,*Missouri,Iowa,Minnesota,Wisconsin,Michigan,Kansas,Oregon,California,*Kentucky

(

*denotesborderstate)A.BorderStates–stateswhokeepslaverybutremainwiththeUnion(Missouri,Kentucky,Delaware,Maryland)

ConfederateStates

–Virginia,SouthCarolina,NorthCarolina,Tennessee,Arkansas,Texas,Louisiana,Mississippi,Alabama,Georgia,Florida

IVAdvantagesofNorth

–*morepeople,*moresupplies,industry,RR,Navy.DisadvantagesofNorth–invadingunfamiliarland,offensivebattle,notgoodmilitaryleaders.

AdvantagesofSouth

–defensivebattle,protectingfamilies&land,goodmilitaryLeaders,skillsatridingandshootingDisadvantagesofSouth–fewfactories,fewRR,fewpeople,noNavy

VLeadershipofNorth

–AbrahamLincoln(UlyssesS.Grant,GeorgeMcClellan,William“Tecumseh”Sherman,IrvinMcDowell,JohnPope,WinfieldScott)

LeadershipofSouth

–JeffersonDavis(RobertE.Lee,AlbertSidneyJohnston,Thomas“Stonewall”Jackson,PierreBeauregard,JosephJohnston)

UnionGoals

–1.TakeRichmond(Capital)2.Blockadethecoast3.ControltheMississippiRiver

VIBattles



A.BullRun

–(Manassas)nearWashingtonD.C.1

majorbattleofthewar–Confederatewins

B.Navalbattle

–Merrimacvs.Monitor–1

Ironcladships,Unionblockadedsouthernports

C.Shiloh

–(April1862)ConfederateattacksGrant,hugelossesforbothsides(morethanRev.,Mexican&Warof1812combined)UnionwinsandtakecontroloftheupperMississippiRiver.

D.Richmond

–UnionfailstotakeRichmond

E.2

BattleofBullRun

–Confederacywins

F.Antietam

–LeeinvadestheNorthSeptember1862,–23,000casualties–nosidewins.LeeretreatsbacktoVirginia.*SinglebloodiestdayoftheCivilWar.

G.Vicksburg