HumanRights:
ChileanPerspectives
By Leah Cassidy and Joshua Lease
In cooperation with the
Centro de Estudios de Derechos Humanos
of the
Universidad Central de Chile
i
Human Rights:
Chilean Perspectives
Preface
With 2010 just around the corner it is hard to believe it is now over sixty years since thedrafting of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and to this day the debate over whathuman rights are still rages on. Every nation in the world faces unique human rights issues.Chile is no different with its complex history and current inequalities. Despite having a violentpast in common with many of its South American neighbors, Chile faces distinct human rightschallenges.In the fall (southern hemisphere) of 2009 the director of the CEDH, the Honorable JuanGuzmán Tapia realized the need to publish a straight-forward manual about human rights inChile for English speakers. The result of this idea you are now holding in your hands. Over atwo and a half month period the sections of this manual were researched and interviews collectedin cooperation with the Centre for the Study of Human Rights (CEDH) at the UniversidadCentral de Chile, various human rights activists and other organizations including Abuelas dePlaza de Mayo and students from the Monterey Institute of International Studies. This manualwas produced in hopes that it may serve as a primer for those interested in Chile and in thecurrent situations facing many different members of Chilean society. Of course we also hopethis inspires some to get involved with a cause that they are passionate about so that real changemay be made.Thank you to everyone who assisted us with this project everyone including SergioLaurenti, Jimmy Parra Farías, Ignacio Velasco, Rosa de Roisinblit, Paola Arriola, Andrés RiveraDuarte and Hiram Villagra, and everyone at the Centro de Estudios de Derechos Humanos.Special thanks to Juan Guzmán Tapia and Maria Paz Narea Biscupovich.Kind Regards,Leah Cassidy Joshua Lease
ii
Human Rights:
Chilean Perspectives
Contents
What are Human Rights? 1 A Brief History of Human Rights 2Interview: Amnesty International and Chile 3Securing Human RightsProtections Under the Law 10Enforcement of International Law 11 Alternatives to the LawNaming and Shaming 12Truth & Reconciliation Commissions 13Protest 13 Advocacy and Policy-making 13Interview: A New Chilean Constitution 14Non-State Actors 16Interview:
Abuelas de Plaza de Mayo
16Violations and CurrentTorture 19Terrorism & State Sponsored Terrorism 20Genocide 22Transitional Justice & Chile 24Interview: Juan Guzmán Tapia 24Environment 28Interview: Transnational Corporations and Rights 30 Woman’s Rights 31Interview: Women’s Rights in Chile 32Human Trafficking 34Migrant’s Rights 35Interview: Migrant’s Rights in Chile 36LGBT Rights 38Notes 40 Appendix 42FiguresFigure 1: Human Rights Categorized 2Figure 2: Ratification Status of Human Rights Treaties 11PhotosPhoto 1: Police Presence in the
Auraucanía
6Photo 2: Torture Tower, Villa Grimaldi 19Photo 3: Villa Grimaldi Concentration Camp 21Photo 4: Auschwitz II Birkenau 22Photo 5: Stupa at Choeung Ek 22Photo 6: Tuol Sleng Prison 23Photo 7: Mural on Mehuin Coast 28Photo 8: Swiss Logging Operation 29
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Protections Under the Law for Human Rights & Chilean Perspectives - A Manual
Research booklet written over a three month period in Santiago, Chile at the Centro de Estudios de Derechos Humanos at the Universidad Central. The work contains descriptions of human rights issues in Chile with accompanying interviews with Chilean figures.
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