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B Mechanics
Chapter 7 Work, Energy and Power
7 Work, Energy and Power
Practice 7.1 (p. 163)
1
D
2
B
3
B
4
C
5
(a)Work =Fs
= 375\u00d7 10\u00d7 1

= 3750 J
The work done on the water skier by the
tension is 3750 J.

(b)Since the skier moves at uniform speed,

the energy gained by the skier is 0. The work done on the skier by the tension is used to be against the work done on the skier by the gravity.

6
The work done is 0.
7
Work =Fs
500 = 100\u00d7s
s=5 m
The depth of the well is 5 m.
8
(a)Work =Fs
30 =F\u00d7 1.5
F= 20 N
The size of the force is 20 N.
(b)F= ma
20 = 1(a)
a= 20 m s\u20132
The acceleration of the box is 20 m s\u20132.
(c)Byv2 \u2013u2 = 2as,
v2 \u2013 0 = 2(20)(1.5)
v =7.75 m s\u20131
The velocity of the box is 7.75 m s\u20131
when it reaches 1.5 m above the ground.
9
(a)Component of force in the direction of
motion = 25 cos 50\u00b0 N

Work = (F cos\u03b8 )s
= 25 cos 50\u00b0\u00d7 10
= 161 J

The work done by John is 161 J.
(b)Chemical energy of John converts to
kinetic energy of the sledge.
10 (a)Work =Fs
= 10\u00d7 3
= 30 J
The work done byF on the block is 30
J.
(b)Work =fs
= \u20134\u00d7 3

= \u201312 J
The work done byf on the block is
\u201312 J.

(c)For the force that does work on the

block, chemical energy of the source of
the force converts to kinetic energy of
the block.
For the friction that does work on the
block, kinetic energy of the block
converts to internal energy of the block
and the surroundings.

11 (a)Work =Fs
= 10\u00d7 10\u00d7 0.8

= 80 J
The work done by the man is 80 J.
Chemical energy of the man converts to
gravitational potential energy of the
box.

New Physics at Work (Second Edition)
\u00a9 Oxford University Press 2006
64
B Mechanics
Chapter 7 Work, Energy and Power
(b)No, he has not done work in this
process.
Yes, the man feels tired.
Practice 7.2 (p. 169)
1
ALetmt andvt be the mass and the speed of the
thief respectively, and
mpand vp be the mass and the speed of the
policeman respectively.
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
2
=
==
pt
t
p
t
t
p
p
mm
v
v
v
m
v
m
2
ABy KE =
2
2
1mv
,
2.17\u00d7 10\u201318 =
2
31
10
1
9
2
1
v
\u00d7
\u00d7
\u00d7
\u2212
.
v= 2.18\u00d7 106 m s\u20131
Its speed is 2.18\u00d7 106 m s\u20131.
3
BHer gain in gravitational PE
= mg h
= 50\u00d7 10\u00d7 30
= 15 000 J
Her gain in gravitational potential energy is
15 000 J.
4
KE of the ball =
2
2
1mv
=
2
6
3
2
246
1000
57
2
1
\ue004\ue005\ue003
\ue001\ue002\ue000
\u00d7
\u00d7
.
.
= 133 J
The kinetic energy of the ball is 133 J.
5
By KE =
2
2
1mv
,
521 =
2
10009
14
2
1
v
\u00d7
\u00d7
.
v= 264 m s\u20131
The speed of the bullet fired is 264 m s\u20131.
6
Gain in KE
=
)
(
2
1
2
2
u
v
m
\u2212
=
)
5
30
)(
2
.
0
(
2
1
2
2\u2212

= 87.5 J
The gain in kinetic energy of the stone is
87.5 J.

7
Her gain in gravitational PE
= mg h
= 50\u00d7 10\u00d7 72
= 36 000 J
Her gain in gravitational potential energy is
36 000 J.
8
Speed of the passenger
=
60
12
1400
\u00d7
= 1.944 m s\u20131
KE of the passenger
=
2
2
1mv
=
2
944
.
1
75
2
1
\u00d7
\u00d7

= 142 J
The kinetic energy of the passenger was
142 J.

9
(a) (i)Work done
= Fs
=152.5\u00d7 10\u00d7 1.8
= 2745 J
His work done on the barbell was
New Physics at Work (Second Edition)
\u00a9 Oxford University Press 2006
65
B Mechanics
Chapter 7 Work, Energy and Power
2745 J.
(ii)The minimum force that each of
his arm acted on the barbell
=
2
10
5
.
152
\u00d7
= 762.5 N
(b)Work done
= Fs
=152.5\u00d7 10\u00d7 2
= 3050 J
His work done on the barbell is 3050 J.
(c)A short weightlifter has an advantage in

this sport. This is because a short
weightlifter needs to move the barbell
for a shorter displacement in the
direction of the force applied. Hence,
less work done is required.

10 (a)The change in the gravitational potential
energy of each worker
= The loss in the gravitational potential
energy of each worker
= mg h
= 75\u00d7 10\u00d7 (\u20133.5)
= \u20132625 J
(b)The gain in KE of each worker = 0
(c)The loss in the gravitational potential
energy of each worker
= the gain in the kinetic energy of each

worker + work done against tension
Since the platform is lowered in a
uniform speed, there is no gain in KE of
each worker. Then, the loss in
gravitational potential energy of each
worker is equal to the work done against

tension.
Practice 7.3 (p. 179)
1
B
2
C
3
C
4
BWork done against friction = loss in KE
Fs=
)
(
2
1
2
2
u
v
m
\u2212
9000s =
\ue00a\ue00a\ue00b\ue009
\ue004\ue004\ue005\ue003
\ue007\ue008\ue006
\ue001\ue002\ue000
\u2212
\ue007\ue008\ue006
\ue001\ue002\ue000
\u00d7
\u00d7
2
2
6
336
6
372
1500
2
1
.
.
s= 25 m
The distance travelled by the car when it
slows down is 25 m.
5
(a)Chemical energy of the weightlifter
converts to gravitational potential energy
of the barbell.
(b)Kinetic energy of the lift converts to
gravitational potential energy of the
passengers.
6
(a)PE =mgh
= 80\u00d7 10\u00d7 6.14

= 4912 J
The gain in his gravitational potential
energy at the highest point is 4912 J.

(b)By conservation of energy,

the kinetic energy when he left the
ground
= the gain in his gravitational potential

energy at the highest point
= 4912 J
7
(a)PE =mgh
= 0.4\u00d7 10\u00d7 5
New Physics at Work (Second Edition)
\u00a9 Oxford University Press 2006
66
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