can be made at a demographic measures like "age, sex, material stutes, where
people live"
\u2666\u2666\u2666-prevalence and incidence
the incidence measure of new episodes of illness arising in a population during
a specified period it can be measure as a rate
incidence rate =number of new cases over a period per year
population at risk for the time period during which cases collected
prevalence
prevalence of disease it's the number of people in a population that have the
disease "are case" either at a particular time
prevalence rate =no -of cases in a given time
population at risk during that time period
Type of prevalence
Period prevalence:number of existing cases of the disease x within a time periodxlOOO
average study population
Point prevalence:number of existing cases of the disease at a point in time x 1000
average study population
uses of prevalence and incidence rate
to measure the occurrence of condition where the onset of disease may be
gradual
the relation ship of prevalence and incidence
prevalence^ incidence x duration
measures of disease frequency
\u2666diagnosis depend on signs ,symptoms and test result
\u2666incidence measures of the number of new cases during a specific period
\u2666prevalence is a measure of the number of cases resent in a population at a
particular time or over a certain period
\u2666measures of disease intensity as prevalence and incidence
\u2666cumulative incidence rates are useful for disease that extend over a
reasonable period
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