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September 23, 2004
1
Influencing Budgets forChildren’s Rights
Radhika GoreGlobal Policy SectionDivision of Policy and PlanningUNICEFSeptember 2004
 
September 23, 2004
2
 Influencing Budgets for Children’s Rights
Summary
States Parties to the Convention on the Rights of the Child (the Convention) are required toundertake legislative reforms to incorporate the Convention in their domestic legal systems. Tofollow through with legislative reform efforts and the introduction of new laws and policies,resources need to be allocated towards meeting objectives and fulfilling children’s rights. That is,budget allocations have to reflect the government’s policy decisions and legislative actions.The objective of this document is to highlight the ways in which various actors, includingbranches of government, civil society organizations, communities, international agencies, etc.,have attempted to analyze, devise, and advocate for socially equitable and gender- and child-sensitive budgets. The document provides examples of “budget initiatives,” that is, efforts aimedat influencing budgets for children’s rights through actions such as improving budgettransparency; creating public awareness; building capacity for analysis and advocacy; analysingbudget content and effectiveness; and holding governments accountable for policy decisions. Itdescribes some of the tools and methodologies employed by budget initiatives and their impactwhere possible. It concludes with highlighting some of the common features of the initiatives, andsuggestions for improving the monitoring of resource allocations and expenditures for children’srights.
 
September 23, 2004
3
INFLUENCING BUDGETS FOR CHILDREN’S RIGHTS1
 
INTRODUCTION TO THE POLICY AND BUDGET PROCESS ........................... 1
 
1.1
 
B
ACKGROUND AND PURPOSE OF THIS DOCUMENT
............................................................ 1
 
1.2
 
A
VAILABILITY OF RESOURCES FOR IMPLEMENTING CHILDREN
’
S RIGHTS
........................... 3
 
1.3
 
E
NSURING STATE ACCOUNTABILITY
................................................................................ 4
 
1.4
 
E
STIMATING RESOURCES GIVEN THAT RIGHTS ARE INDIVISIBLE AND INTER
-
RELATED
........ 5
 
1.5
 
C
HALLENGES IN MONITORING BUDGETARY ALLOCATIONS
............................................... 6
 
1.6
 
T
HE PUBLIC POLICY PROCESS AND ITS LINKS TO THE BUDGET
........................................... 8
 
2
 
WAYS AND MEANS TO INFLUENCE THE BUDGET .......................................... 9
 
2.1
 
C
OSTING LAWS AND POLICIES
:
 
O
BJECTIVES AND METHODOLOGIES
................................... 9
 
2.2
 
E
NTRY POINTS ALONG THE BUDGET CYCLE
.................................................................... 10
 
3
 
CASE STUDIES ........................................................................................................ 13
 
3.1
 
S
OUTH
A
FRICA
:
 
C
OSTING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE
C
HILD
J
USTICE
B
ILL
................ 13
 
3.2
 
S
OUTH
A
FRICA
:
 
C
HILD POVERTY AND THE BUDGET
....................................................... 13
 
3.3
 
V
IETNAM
:
 
C
HILD
-
FOCUSED BUDGET STUDY ON THE RIGHT TO EDUCATION
..................... 14
 
3.4
 
B
RAZIL
:
 
C
ALCULATING THE
“C
HILDREN
’
S
B
UDGET
” ..................................................... 14
 
3.5
 
B
RAZIL
:
 
C
OMMUNITY PARTICIPATION
........................................................................... 15
 
3.6
 
E
CUADOR
:
 
B
UDGET ANALYSIS AND NATIONAL
-
LEVEL ADVOCACY
................................. 16
 
3.7
 
I
NDIA
:
 
R
AISING PUBLIC AWARENESS AT THE SUB
-
NATIONAL LEVEL
................................ 16
 
3.8
 
T
ANZANIA
:
 
G
ENDER BUDGET NETWORK
....................................................................... 17
 
4
 
CONCLUSIONS ....................................................................................................... 17
 
4.1
 
C
OMMON FEATURES OF BUDGET INITIATIVES
................................................................ 17
 
4.2
 
M
EASURING IMPACT
.................................................................................................... 18
 
4.3
 
S
UGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER ACTION
............................................................................. 20
 
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