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Insomnia
Insufficient sleep with daytime
anergia, malaise, cognitive slowness
& irritability
Assessment
&
Management
Insomnia
10-30% adult population; 15% are primary
Causes
\u2022
Painful organic conditions
\u2022
Depressive disorder
\u2022
Anxiety disorder
\u2022
Psychosocial stresors
Perpetuating factors
\u2022
Alcohol
\u2022
Tobacco
\u2022
Caffeine
Parasomnias
\u2022
Nightmares
\u2022
Night terrors
\u2022
Sleep walking
Hypersomnias
\u2022
Narcolepsy
\u2022
Sleep apnoea
\u2022
Primary (ideopathic)
Management
(Cognitive behavioural)
Do not go to bed until sleepy
Lie in bed only while attempting to

sleep
If unable to sleep, get out of bed
Use relaxation techniques

\u2022Progressive muscular relaxation
\u2022Visualization
\u2022Correct negative thoughts: I did not sleep

last night, cannot sleep tonight
\u2022Avoid catastrophic thoughts: I\u2019ll die if do
not get good sleep tonight
\u2022Insert positive thoughts
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