243

INDEX
Ackroyd, Peter, 123
Act of Settlement (1701), 65
Act of Union (1707), 171
Acton, Lord, 162
Adamson, J. S. A., 147
Addison, Joseph, 15
Agincourt, Battle of, 171, 187, 190, 196
Agreement of the People, 34
Alfred the Great, 35, 1301, 185
American Revolution, 27, 38, 41, 1389
Anglo-American ties, 7, 1823, 1923
Anglo-Norman era, 223
Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, 130
Anglo-Saxon England, 13, 212, 25, 44,
979, 1015, 11214, 175, 177, 1845
Anglo-Saxonism, 182, 196
Annales school, 148
Anne, Queen, 15
Apology of the Commons, 152
Armada, Spanish, 52, 924
Arnold, Tomas, 97
Arnstein, Walter, 163
Arthur, King, 184, 186
Aryans, 979, 1834
Ashley, Maurice, 180, 189
Australia, 140, 192
Baldwin, Stanley, 169
Barraclough, Geofrey, 193
Bates Case, 61, 153
Bathurst, Lord, 24
Becket, Tomas, 129
Belloc, Hilaire, 184
Bentley, Michael, 96, 121
Bill of Rights (1689), 55, 65
Black Death, 165, 1856
Blair, Tony, 1
Blenheim, Battle of, 171, 186
Boleyn, Anne, 48, 88
Bolshevism, 169, 191
see also Russian Revolution (1917)
Bonaparte, Napoleon, see Napoleonic Wars
Boos, Florence and William, 28
Bracken, Brendan, 182
Brady, Ciaran, 83
Briggs, Asa, 190
Bright, John, 169
Brissot, Jacques, 41
British Empire, 10, 66, 71, 77, 80, 83, 87,
924, 140, 164, 1712, 180, 190, 193,
1956
see also imperialism
Brogan, Dennnis, 190
Brooke, Stopford Augustus, 141
Bryce, James, 143
Buckle, Henry Tomas, 95
Buckle, Stephen, 42
Burghley, Lord, 82, 902
Burke, Edmund, 41, 117, 173, 181
Burnet, Gilbert, 16, 44
Burns, Robert, 171
Burrow, John, 2, 82, 1001, 109
Bury, J. B., 162
Butterfeld, Herbert, 89, 56
Calvinism, 91, 153
Cam, Helen, 110
Canada, 111, 192
Cannadine, David, 163, 165, 179
Capp, Bernard, 159
Carlyle, Tomas, 5, 7981, 83, 84, 87, 129,
135, 137, 162, 168, 180, 186, 188
Catherine of Aragon, 47, 48, 87
Copyright
244 British Historians and National Identity
Catholics in English history, 45, 10, 22,
4354, 61, 70, 72, 75, 8894, 140,
1456, 15060, 167, 172, 189
Cavaliers, 39
Cecil, William, see Burghley, Lord
Chambers, Robert, 79
Charles I, 3, 6, 13, 1519, 24, 304, 39, 53,
624, 125, 137, 150, 1558, 1678,
188
Charles II, 15, 3940, 64, 73, 160, 189
Charles V of Spain, 79
Charles, Prince (current Prince of Wales), 1
Chartism, 165, 174, 192
Chatham, Earl of, see Pitt, William (the elder)
Chaucer, Geofrey, 129, 162, 1767
Church of England, 20, 44, 56, 151, 153
Churchill, Arabella, 189
Churchill, John, 16970, 1814, 18990
Churchill, Randolph, 179, 1812
Churchill, Winston (162088), 189
Churchill, Winston (18741965)
compared to Hume, 180
early books, 1802
English-speaking peoples idea, 1823
History of the English-Speaking Peoples,
18392
infuenced by T. B. Macaulay, 181
inspired by J. R. Green, 185, 187, 190
military history, 186, 1901
as MP, 1823
need for income from writing, 1812
negative view of Anglo-Saxon England,
1845
research team of specialists, 1805,
1901
slights settler colonies, 192
on US Civil War, 186, 192
uses Froudes history freely, 188
uses Trevelyan for early chapters, 184,
188
Civil War (American), 165, 186, 192
Civil War (English), 3, 13, 1518, 30, 32,
39, 53, 613, 1678
Clarendon, Earl of, 1516, 18, 20, 32
Clark, J. C. D., 162
Clarke, Maude Violet, 7, 119
Clarke, Peter, 66, 1813, 190
Cliford, Rosamund, 186
Clive, John, 3, 76
Cobbett, William, 170
Coke, Sir Edward, 153
Cold War, 191
Colenso, J. W., 126
Colet, John, 133
Colley, Linda, 2, 56
Collini, Stefan, 162
Collinson, Patrick, 80
common law, English, 56, 176, 185
constitution, English, 1, 46, 8, 196
Catharine Macaulay on, 31, 32, 345,
3840, 44
Churchill on, 182, 1856, 189, 191
Freeman on, 969, 1013
Froude on, 82, 86, 87
Gardiner on, 149, 1513, 155, 1589
Green on, 129, 1346, 13840
Hallam on, 5566
Hume on, 13, 15, 1718, 202, 24
Lingard on, 44
Stubbs on, 10924
T. B. Macaulay on, 713
Trevelyan on, 164, 1668, 173, 1756
Cowper, William, 177
Cranmer, Tomas, 48, 501, 88
Crcy, Battle of, 186
Cromwell, Oliver, 3, 1719, 345, 53, 63,
73, 1378, 1501, 156, 15860, 168,
180, 18892
Cromwell, Tomas, 48, 889, 134
Culler, Dwight, 7
Danish settlements, 185
see also Vikings
Darnels Case, 62
Darwin, Charles, 11415, 126
Davies, Godfrey, 160
Davies, Kate, 31, 38
Davis, Natalie Z., 28
Dawkins, William Boyd, 126, 128
Defoe, Daniel, 170
Denison, Edward, 126
Dickens, A. G., 53
Dickens, Charles, 55
Dilke, Charles, 182
Disraeli, Benjamin, 174, 192
Dissent, importance in English history, 6,
10, 45, 15060
Copyright
Index 245
Don Pacifco, 174
Donnelly, Lucy, 28
Douglas, David, 107
Dufy, Eamon, 53
Dunn, Waldo Hilary, 812
Edward I, 102, 132, 151, 186
Edward VI, 4950, 85, 89, 188
Edward the Confessor, 102
Education Act (1902), 174
Edwards, J. Goronwy, 110
Eleanor of Aquitaine, 186
Eliot, Sir John, 64
Eliot, T. S., 197
Elizabeth I, 201, 31, 513, 601, 86, 135,
177
Elton, Geofrey, 812, 86, 162
English-Speaking Union, 183
Enlightenment, 4, 14, 16, 22, 42, 99, 171
English Historical Review, 11617, 143
Erasmus, 133
exceptionalism, English, 12, 434, 57, 66,
107, 118, 1234, 150, 160, 168, 1767,
196
Fawkes, Guy, 146
Feske, Victor, 179
feudalism, 23, 83, 102, 118, 133, 1756,
1857
Fifh Monarchy Men, 19
Firth, Charles, 111, 160, 168
Fisher, David Hackett, 193
Fox, Charles James, 161, 173
Foxe, John, 44, 50, 51
France and the French, 24, 77, 99, 170
Franklin, Benjamin, 24, 30
Freeman, Edward Augustus
early life and education, 95
feud with Froude, 801, 99100, 103
on Norman Conquest, 95107
not really a Whig historian, 1001
racist views, 99
rejects Buckles idea of history as a
science, 956
rejects Humes Tory interpretation, 99
Teutonist theory, 978, 1034
views of Lingard, Hallam, T. B. Macaulay,
99
friars, 132
French Revolution, 24, 27, 412, 44, 64, 81,
85, 139, 174, 191
Froissart, Jean, 186
Froude, Ashley, 801
Froude, Hurrell, 79, 834, 93
Froude, James Anthony
biography of Carlyle, 80
briefy under J. H. Newmans spell, 84
crisis of religious faith, 7981
criticized by E. A. Freeman, 80
criticizes Hallam on Anne Boleyn, 88
dethrones Lingard, 54
early life and education, 7980
editor of Frasers, 80
sees Providence in history, 7980
treatment of Elizabeth I, 904
treatment of Henry VIII, 858
treatment of Mary I, 8990
treatment of Mary, Queen of Scots, 912
unhappy childhood, 834
views on English maritime expansion,
924
Froude, Margaret, 801
Froude, William, 93
Gainsborough, Tomas, 173
Gardiner, Samuel Rawson
careful researcher, 149
education and academic posts, 145
History of England, 15160
later views of his history, 1467
mode of discourse, 1469
religious beliefs, 1456
on religious toleration, 150, 159
stress on Dissent, 15060
use of narrative, 149
view of Oliver Cromwell, 1501, 159
as Whig historian, 14950
Garibaldi, Giuseppe, 164, 169
George II, 58
George III, 1389
George V, 170
Gerard, John, 146
Germanic origins of English people, 5, 21,
978, 107, 10910, 113, 11720, 188
see also Aryans
Germany and the Germans, 54, 978, 112,
114, 149, 1745, 183
Gibbon, Edward, 67, 76, 163, 181
Copyright
246 British Historians and National Identity
Giraldus Cambrensis, 131
Gladstone, William, 96, 101, 150
Glorious Revolution, 4, 16, 19, 368, 40,
646, 715, 168, 189, 191
Godwin, Harold, 5, 101, 1045, 120, 185
Goldsmith, Oliver, 36
Gooch, G. P., 56
Gordon Riots, 44
Great War, see World War I
Green, Alice Stopford, 141
Green, John Richard
admiration for Anglo-Saxons, 1301
childhood and education, 125
as clergyman, 1256
early papers and articles, 1267
eclipses Lingard, 54
emphasis on society and culture, 1356
fnal works and early death, 1412
friendship with Freeman and Stubbs,
1267
ignores recent history, 13940
interest in urban history, 1278
librarian of Lambeth Palace, 126
methods of research, 1278
publication of Short History, 130
qualifed praise of Puritans, 1368
supplants Students Hume in schools, 140
treatment of class confict, 1323
treatment of Reformation, 1335
use of Anglo-Norman chroniclers, 1312
Green, Karen, 42
Grey, Earl, 164, 169, 174
Grey, Sir Edward, 164
Grove, George, 128
Gunpowder Plot, 44, 53, 146, 152
Gunther-Canada, Wendy, 41
Guthrie, William, 17
habeas corpus, 55, 61, 189
Haigh, Christopher, 53
Hakluyt, Richard, 845
Hall, Hubert, 123
Hallam, Henry
agrees with Lingard on Reformation, 60
disagrees with Hume on royal power, 58
early life and education, 55
history praised by T. B. Macaualy, 556
rejects Humes philosophical history, 66
success of his Constitutional History, 56
treatment of early Stuart era, 613
treatment of Interregnum, 63
treatment of later Stuart era, 635
treatment of Tudor era, 5961
as Whig historian, 567
Hampden, John, 64, 156
Hampton Court Conference, 1523
Harrington, James, 17
Hastings, Battle of, 5
Hengist and Horsa, 97, 103
Henrietta Maria, 167
Henry II, 183, 186
Henry III, 122, 127, 132, 185
Henry V, 187
Henry VIII, 201, 32, 479, 60, 79, 857,
134, 1512
Hernon, Joseph, 163
Hicks, Philip, 40
Hill, Bridget, 27, 28
Himmelfarb, Gertrude, 67, 130
Hitler, Adolf, 183
Hoadly, Benjamin, 20
Home Rule Bill (1886), 174
Hume, David
American interest in Humes history,
234
background and early life, 14
compared to Churchill, 180
criticized by Froude, 845
as Enlightenment historian, 14, 42
as Librarian of the Faculty of Advocates,
Edinburgh, 16
love of France, 24
manner of writing history, 17
opposition to C. Macaulay, 30, 35, 36, 42
philosophical history rejected by Hallam,
66
philosophical works, 1415
T. B. Macaulays opinion of, 70
treatment of Anglo-Norman era, 223
treatment of Anglo-Saxon era, 212, 25
treatment of Stuart era, 1620
treatment of Tudor era, 201
use of appendices, 1718
views of American Revolution, 234
views opposed by Lingard, 46
Hundred Years War, 165, 187
Copyright
Index 247
Hurstfeld, Joel, 190
Huxley, T. H., 126
Hyde, Edward, see Clarendon, Earl of
imperialism, 67, 10, 71, 767, 164, 1712,
173, 176, 193, 196
see also British Empire
India, 68, 77, 161, 165, 173
see also Sepoy Rising
Industrial Revolution, 140, 166, 170, 173,
192
Interregnum, 1718, 73, 168
see also Cromwell, Oliver
Ireland and the Irish, 14, 34, 72, 74, 77, 84,
93, 99, 140, 150, 172, 174, 190, 192
Irish Potato Famine, 161, 174, 192
Ireton, Henry, 1589
Jackson, Stonewall, 192
Jacobites, 14, 16, 37, 40
James I, 16, 17, 20, 53, 61, 152, 167
James II, 19, 40, 64, 73, 139, 168, 189
Jeferson, Tomas, 24
Jerome, Jenny, 179
Jews, 99, 154, 174, 192
Joan of Arc, 187
John, King, 127
Johnson, Samuel, 181
Jones, Edwin, 45
Jones, Maldwyn, 190
Katherine of Aragon, see Catherine of
Aragon
Keble, John, 84
Kenyon, John, 45, 70, 106, 147, 162
Kingsley, Charles, 85
Knowles, David, 70
Knox, John, 85, 91
Langland, William, 133, 164, 186
Laud, William, 21, 32, 53, 137, 1557
Lecky, W. E. H., 27, 141
Levellers, 32, 34, 138
Lingard, John
as Catholic priest, 445
early life and education, 44
opposition to Humes history, 46
placing Catholics back into the nations
story, 4552
treatment of early Stuart era, 524
treatment of Elizabeth, 512
treatment of Henry VII, 479
treatment of Mary I, 501
Livy, 40
Lloyd George, David, 175
Locke, John, 15, 20, 168
Lollards, 165, 186
see also Wyclif, John
Loosey, Devoney, 36
Louis XVI, 24
Luther, Martin, 85
Macaulay, Catharine
background and early life, 29
condemnation of Oliver Cromwell, 345
condones regicide, 32
denunciation of Glorious Revolution,
378
history as divine plan, 32, 34
impact of History in Letters, 367
marble statue of as Clio, 36
marriage to William Graham, 367
modern historians views of, 279
opposition to Humes views, 27, 29, 30,
35, 36, 3840
overuse of footnotes, 31
positive reception of her frst volume, 30
praise of English republic, 334
sharp decline of popularity, 412
treatment of Restoration, 3940
use of ancient history, 28, 37, 40
years in Bath, 356
Macaulay, Catherine Sophia (daughter of
Catharine), 29
Macaulay, Dr George, 29
Macaulay, Hannah, 161
Macaulay, Tomas Babington
dethrones Lingard, 54
early interest in history, 68
extols progress in English history, 757
famous Tird Chapter, 69
focuses on Glorious Revolution, 715
huge sales of his history, 6970
literary qualities of his writing, 689
opinion of Hume, 70
praises Hallam, 545
public controversy with Lingard, 701
Copyright
248 British Historians and National Identity
reviews Hallams history, 68
Whig political af liation, 69, 75
McLeod, Hugh, 44
Macmillan, Alexander, 127, 128, 140, 142
Magna Carta, 23, 46, 55, 60, 72, 117, 1202,
1312, 157, 176, 185
Maine, Sir Henry, 111, 141
Maitland, Frederic William, 45, 67, 109,
111, 162
Mandler, Peter, 1, 8, 56
Markus, Julia, 823
Marlborough, Duke of, see Churchill, John
Marlowe, Christopher, 135
Marvell, Andrew, 39
Marwick, Arthur, 149
Marxist interpretation of history, 9
Mary I, 14, 44, 501, 53, 601, 85, 188
Mary II, 15
Mary, Queen of Scots, 912
Melbourne, Lord, 192
Meredith, George, 169
Methodism, 129, 139
Milton, John, 18
Mitchell, Rosemary, 49
monasteries and monks, 212, 44, 48, 84,
88, 89
Monmouths Rebellion, 189
Montagu, Elizabeth, 28
Montfort, Simon de, 122, 132
Moorman, Mary, 162, 176
More, Tomas, 88, 133
Mowat, R. B., 192
Mussolini, Benito, 169
Napoleonic Wars, 4, 27, 41, 138, 191
narrativity in history writing, 11, 1479
New Zealand, 84, 192
Newman, Gerald, 2
Newman, John Henry, 54, 79, 84, 93
Nineteen Propositions, 32
Nixon, Mark, 147
Norman Conquest, 223, 35, 95107,
11314, 11821, 1289, 175, 1845
Norman Yoke theory, 22, 44, 55, 102
Northumberland, Duke of, 49
OBrien, Karen, 34, 42
Ofa, king of Mercia, 213
Oldcastles Rebellion, 165
Oman, Charles, 166
Orderic Vitalis, 104
Oxford Movement, 79, 84, 134
Oxford School of English History, 1001
Paine, Tomas, 173
Palmerston, Lord, 192
Paris, Matthew, 131
Parker, Christopher, 143
Parker, John, 85
Parliament, 1, 3, 8, 15, 1718, 25, 314,
389, 49, 557, 61, 63, 72, 87, 1223,
132, 151, 15360, 176
Parry, J. P., 8
patriotism, 4, 29, 43, 513, 557, 64, 77, 79,
8990, 101, 104, 120, 129, 170, 175,
1957
Peardon, Tomas, 278
Peasants Revolt, 130, 133, 162, 1656, 186
Pennington, D. H., 190
Petition of Right, 17, 31, 55, 188
Philip II of Spain, 49, 79, 90, 92
Pilgrimage of Grace, 49, 59, 88
Pitt, William (the elder), 30, 55, 138
Pitt, William (the younger), 173
Plumb, J. H., 163, 1801, 193
Pocock, J. G. A., 28, 41
Pole, Reginald, 90
Pollard, A. F., 80, 187
Popish Plot, 14, 44, 189
postmodernism, 1489
Powell, Frederick York, 147
Presbyterians, 33
Prides Purge, 33
professionalization of historical writing,
1011, 11617
Public Record Of ce, 116
Puritans and Puritanism, 3, 4, 6, 13, 1617,
20, 39, 534, 62, 133, 1367, 139, 146,
15060, 1658, 192
Pym, John, 30, 64, 137, 188, 189
Quakers, 1819
Ralph, James, 17
Ramsden, John, 182
Ranke, Leopold von, 114, 188
Copyright
Index 249
Rapin-Toyras, Paul de, 16, 19, 20
Read, Conyers, 82
Reform Act of 1867, 107
Reform Bill of 1830, 55
Reformation, 4, 5, 20, 32, 43, 4750, 53, 58,
60, 82, 86, 8890, 1335
Restoration, Stuart, 18, 36, 39, 73, 138, 160,
168, 189
Revolutions of 1848, 756
Reynolds, David, 181
Reynolds, Joshua, 173
Richard I, 186
Richard II, 186
Richardson, H. G., 110
Ridgway, James, 125
Robbins, Caroline, 33
Round, John Horace, 100, 185
Rowse, A. L., 82
Royal Historical Society, 1, 43
Rupert, Prince, 192
Russell, Lady Rachel, 40
Russian Revolution (1917), 169
see also Bolshevism
Rye House Plot, 40, 189
Sallust, 40
Sawbridge, Catharine, see Macaulay,
Catharine
Sawbridge, John, 29
Sayles, G. O., 110
Schwarz, Bill, 164
Scotland and the Scots, 2, 16, 20, 24, 34, 91,
152, 171, 174, 192, 196
Scott, Sir Walter, 68, 162, 171
Scribner, Charles, 182
Seeley, Robert, 182
Selden, John, 64
Sepoy Rising, 77, 165
Shakespeare, William, 21, 1356, 162, 188
Six Acts (1539), 48
Slosson, Preston, 192
Sofer, Reba, 114
Somerset, Protector, 49
South Africa, 83, 164, 192
Spanish Succession, War of, 169
Stanley, A. P., 125, 127
Star Chamber, Court of, 59
Steele, Richard, 15
Stenton, Doris, 28
Stephen, Leslie, 77, 142
Stone, Lawrence, 148
Strachey, Lytton, 95
Straford, Earl of, 33
Strong, R. C., 46
Stuart, Mary see Mary, Queen of Scots
Stubbs, William
admiration for German scholarly
methods, 11214
attitude to Dissent, 4
avoids modern history, 136
Constitutional History, 11724
early life and education, 112
editor of Rolls Series, 109, 112
friendship with Freeman, 111
ignores Lingards methodology, 54
infuence of his Select Charters, 115
infuence on university history curricu-
lum, 11112
Librarian of Lambeth Palace, 112
makes constitutional history supreme,
117
modern attacks on his interpretations,
11011
privileges constitutional history, 57
Regius Professor of History, Oxford,
10910
sees Christianity as civilizing force, 113
studies Anglo-Saxon England, 11214
underscores importance of medieval
England, 117
views of Norman Conquest, 11314
as Whig historian, 114
Sullivan, Robert, 76
Sydney, Algernon, 20, 39
Tacitus, 40
Tait, A. C., 125
television dons, 117, 177
Tatcher, Margaret, 1
Tirty Years War, 149
Tucydides, 67
Tory interpretation of history, 9, 14, 17, 188
Tout, T. F., 123
Trevelyan, Charles, 161, 174
Trevelyan, George Macaulay
Age of Wyclife, 1656
Copyright
250 British Historians and National Identity
belief in social decline, 1667
disillusioned by Great War, 169
early life and education, 1612
English Social History, 1767
England under Queen Anne, 16972
England under the Stuarts, 1658
grows more conservative, 16970
History of England, 1756
importance of Puritans, 1678
later scholars views of, 1624
love of literature, 162
military history, 1701
nineteenth-century history, 1735
Regius professor, 16970
service in Great War, 163
treatment of empire, 1645
treatment of Scotland, 1712
wants to supplant Green, 175
Trevelyan, George Otto, 161
Trevelyan, Laura, 162
Triennial Act (1694), 65
Tyndale, William, 47
United States, 56, 59, 979, 140, 163, 182,
1912
Usher, Roland, 146, 147
Utrecht, Peace of, 172
Vane, Henry, 39
Versailles, Treaty of, 174
Victoria, Queen, 174
Vienna, Treaty of, 174
Vikings, 185, 188
see also Danish settlements
Von Arx, Jefrey, 82
Waitz, Georg, 114
Wales and the Welsh, 85, 105, 131, 174,
186, 192
Walpole, Horace, 30
Walpole, Robert, 138
Walsham, Alexandra, 53
Ward, Mrs Humphry, 141, 162
Ward, Janet Penrose, 162
Warren, Mercy Otis, 38
Washington, George, 38, 139
Wellington, Duke of, 55
Wentworth, Tomas, see Straford, Earl of
Wesleyanism, see Methodism
Whig interpretation of history, 5, 6, 89,
1314, 19, 25, 568, 69, 745, 80, 82,
86, 100, 114, 120, 132, 1356, 138,
143, 149, 151, 1648, 173, 1845,
188, 197
White, Hayden, 148
Wilberforce, Samuel, 126
Wilkes, John, 23, 29, 30, 37
Willey, Basil, 81
William I (the Conqueror), 1012, 1045,
121, 129, 1856
William III (William of Orange), 16, 37, 40,
65, 75, 138
William of Malmesbury, 131
William of Wykeham, 127
Wilson, Rev. Tomas, 35
Winkler, Henry, 163
witan, the, 103
Withey, Lynne, 28, 357
Wollstonecraf, Mary, 28, 41
Wolsey, Tomas, 478, 85
womens history, 910, 116
Worden, Blair, 147
World War I, 163, 172, 174, 17981, 186
Wyclif, John, 162, 1646, 176, 186
see also Lollards
Yelverton, Christopher, 61
Yonge, Charles Duke, 125
Yorktown, Battle of, 191
Young, G. M., 189
Copyright