Classification quality of water body by

PP 82 Year 2001
Class 1 it is used for Raw Drinking Water
Class 2 it used for recreation, fish farming,
agriculture, animal husbandry, gardening etc
Class 3 it is used fish farming, gardening etc
Class 4 it is used agriculture, etc.
Parameter Water Quality Assessed
16 Water Quality Parameter was assessed : 1.Suhu (temp), 2. Zat
Padat Terlarut (TDS), 3. Kekeruhan(Turbidity), 4.pH, 5.Oksigen
Terlarut (DO), 6.Besi (Iron), 7.Mangan (Mn), 8.Zinc (Zn), 9.(NH3)
Ammonia, 10.Nitrite (NO2), 11.Nitrate (NO3), 12.Sulfate (SO4 -),
13.Chlorida (Cl-),14. Sulfida (H2S), 15.BOD5, 16.COD.
Sampling were carried out every monthly in 12 location of
sampling sites.
Assessment was made for the periode of Jan 2009 to August 2013,
and about 1969 number of sampling series.

Water Quality Related to Usage
Water Quality mostly related to Health:
Suspended solids, Dissolved metal, Iron, Copper, Pb, Radioactive etc
Nitrite, Nitrate, Ammonia
Virus, Microbes, etc
Poisonous substance ( phenols,All pesticide, herbicide, insecticide, fungicide etc
Microbes and viruses
Water Quality mostly related to Agriculture
Total Dissolved Solids, chloride, sulphate, etc
All Metal such as Alluminum, Berrylium, Boron Etc
pH
Water Quality mostly related to Recreation, Swiming, Sports etc
Smell, H2S, Dissolved Oxygen (DO)
Suspended solids, Turbidity
Microbes, viruses
pH, Grease (oil)




For Aquaculture such as fish
farming add Ammonia, DO
(Dissolved Oxyggen)
Total Dissolved Solids parameter related
to Agricultural use and Pollution
Exceeding/violating
class of water 1, 2,
and 3, Max value is
1000 mg/l
Mean and Median
Values still indicate
very good, water
still belong to fresh
not brackish water
If we want to manage pollution, It shows a strong
evidence that high TDS values > than normal
indicates pollution has been occuring at that time
Minimum TDS
indicates that
dilution has been
occuring
Classification of
TDS : < 450 mg/l
indicate No
restriction in
using for
Agriculture.
Quality this
water good
Agriculture
Total Dissolved Solids by Depth
DEPTH N N* Mean Minimum Median Maximum Mode Mode
0 841 0 194.06 20.00 160.00 1290.00 120 77
16 20 0 174.5 70.0 130.0 510.0 130 3
2 426 60 198.55 11.00 170.00 690.00 110 38
4 363 54 192.09 9.00 160.00 710.00 120 28
8 76 12 172.37 40.00 155.00 390.00 120 6
On the depth
of 0m, 2m
and 4m their
means were
190s it
changes to
170s after the
depth of 8
and 16
Pollution may start ocurring on
the surface and goes along from
the surface to the depth of 8m
From other table based on location
of sampling, location of Fishing Nets
mostly the location of high TDS,
Pollution is obvious in this location
Total Dissolved Solids (TDS)
1000 100 10 1
99.99
99
95
80
50
20
5
1
0.01
TDS
P
e
r
c
e
n
t
Loc 5.127
Scale 0.5750
N 1813
AD 9.723
P-Value <0.005
Probability Plot of TDS
Lognormal - 95% CI
TDS showed a
probability model of
log normal rather
than normal, it may
indicate a pollution
has occured though
the reservoir
ecosystem still able
to manage it
Sulphate by Sampling Sites
SITE N N* Mean Minimum Median Maximum
B. Barat 122 24 23.334 9.800 23.050 40.700
Bojong 117 24 26.002 5.600 26.100 41.600
Cilalawi 54 4 24.151 2.270 23.900 39.200
DAM 156 34 23.26 2.610 22.700 42.500
Inlet PLTA 40 4 25.67 19.40 23.20 74.70
Jamaras 117 24 24.637 8.000 24.000 41.100
Keramba 151 34 23.681 5.700 23.300 37.900
Keramba I 12 0 22.675 16.800 23.650 25.100
Keramba II 13 0 21.18 7.30 22.00 24.50
Keramba III 13 0 21.59 8.60 22.20 25.50
Keramba IV 13 0 19.64 1.60 21.50 25.80
Keramba V 20 0 20.18 7.60 21.50 26.70
Kerenceng 122 24 23.947 5.700 23.400 44.100
P. Gombong 10 0 20.84 15.10 20.64 25.90
P. Astana 45 4 22.987 1.000 22.000 42.700
Parung Kalong 83 14 25.113 0.220 24.600 42.000
Pasir Kole 45 4 23.973 18.500 22.500 46.500
PDAM 117 24 24.043 17.700 22.800 39.400
Sodong 117 24 26.075 9.900 25.400 42.500
T. Sidang 45 4 23.622 18.200 23.100 36.600
Tailrace 49 4 24.431 1.000 23.800 46.400
Taroko 117 24 23.632 1.000 22.800 41.100
Location Sodong
and Bojong are the
location of the inlet
from Cirata. It have
higher means values
of Sulphate.(26 mg/l)

Pollution has
been started
from the
Upstream
Sulphate
DEPTH N N* Mean Minimum Median Maximum
0 777 64 24.112 1.000 23.500 74.700
16 20 0 21.000 11.000 21.550 26.200
2 386 100 24.262 0.220 23.200 42.500
4 327 90 24.160 2.610 23.300 41.400
8 68 20 23.378 7.700 22.700 39.200
Sulphate is a component of TDS,
source of sulphate from human
activities, domestic liquid waste,
industrial waste that uses
sulphuric acids or sulphate
Dissolved Oxygen related to
Organism in water
Mean and Median
Values of DO still meets
the standard, Minimum
values is 6 mg/l
Minimum values
had violated
standard of water
quality, standard
is 6 mg/l
minimum
Mean and Median values indicate that water still good
for living Organism in water, sometimes as it showed in
minimum values that indicating of occuring Deficit of
Oxygen

H
2
S (sulfide) one of parameter
Related to Health & Corrosion

PP 82/2001 requires that all water
Class 1,2,3 ; H
2
S (sulfide) should
not > 0.002 mg/l
All values of
Mean,
Median and
Minimum
showed
exceeding
standard
values PP
82/2001
This figure indicate
380 times of
standard values
O.12 mg/m3 (0.08 ppm) Increased mental depression,
dizziness and blurred vision.
0.45 mg/m3 (0.32 ppm) Increased incidence of nausea, loss
of sleep, shortness of breath, and headaches
1.0-10 mg/m3 (0.7-6.7 ppm) Increased incidence of
decreased corneal reflex (convergence and divergence
10-70 mg/m3 (6.7-47 ppm) Irritation of conjunctiva, fatigue,
loss of appetite, insomnia

Alkalinity
DEPTH N N* Mean St Dev Minimum Maximum
0 231 0 64.08 17.32 11.25 110.70
2 188 1 62.43 14.72 26.16 102.50
4 167 1 62.23 14.99 21.9 96.75
8 146 1 62.95 16.24 30.00 98.56
14 21 0 67.86 14.25 38.00 94.30
22 19 2 60.98 16.99 30.4 102.50
33 18 3 63.59 20.5 20.53 90.00
34 21 0 69.8 21.6 38.00 125.77
35 21 0 66.9 18.51 32.70 121.50
36 21 0 64.32 16.23 34.88 110.70
Mean and SD
Showed that
There were
similar values
of alkalinity
among the
depth of
sampling
Alkalinity values in values of 60s
indicating that alkalinity is relative
stabile to existing pollution with
acid properties
Based on USEPA
lake classification
Jatiluhur Reservoir
is not belong to a
Sensitive Reservoir
because it has
values > 20 mg/l
Alkalinity
Alkalinity in
Normal Probability
99.9
99
90
50
10
1
0.1
100 50 0 100 50 0
100 50 0
99.9
99
90
50
10
1
0.1
100 50 0
99.9
99
90
50
10
1
0.1
0
Alk
P
e
r
c
e
n
t
2 4 8
14 22 33 34
35 36
Mean 64. 08
StDev 17. 32
N 231
AD 0. 466
P-Value 0. 251
0
Mean 62. 43
StDev 14. 72
N 188
AD 0. 322
P-Value 0. 526
2
Mean 62. 23
StDev 14. 99
N 167
AD 0. 363
P-Value 0. 438
4
Mean 62. 95
StDev 16. 24
N 146
AD 0. 947
P-Value 0. 016
8
Mean 67. 86
StDev 14. 25
N 21
AD 0. 422
P-Value 0. 293
14
Mean 60. 98
StDev 16. 99
N 19
AD 0. 345
P-Value 0. 446
22
Mean 63. 59
StDev 20. 50
N 18
AD 0. 391
P-Value 0. 344
33
34
Probability Plot of Alk
Normal - 95% CI
Panel variable: DEPTH
On surface to 8 m
depth and to 36 m
showed a model of
normal probability
Indicating that alkalinity still able
to resists existing pollution with
acid properties
Iron
SITE N N* Mean Minimum Median Maximum
B. Barat 125 21 0.09856 0.01000 0.07000 0.72000
Bojong 120 21 1.341 0.010 0.440 18.830
Cilalawi 55 3 0.2451 0.0200 0.1500 3.0700
DAM 160 30 0.11355 0.02000 0.09000 0.56000
Inlet PLTA 41 3 0.1056 0.0200 0.0900 0.4100
Jamaras 120 21 0.429 0.008 0.140 24.000
Keramba 155 30 0.1383 0.0200 0.0600 3.0500
Keramba I 12 0 0.550 0.140 0.265 2.760
Keramba II 13 0 0.572 0.060 0.190 3.990
Keramba III 13 0 0.278 0.060 0.140 1.580
Keramba IV 13 0 0.2331 0.0200 0.1900 0.9400
Keramba V 20 0 0.2500 0.0300 0.1750 0.7600
Kerenceng 125 21 0.1750 0.0100 0.1000 2.4600
P. Gombong 10 0 0.1900 0.0900 0.1750 0.3200
P. Astana 46 3 0.091 0.0200 0.0850 0.2700
Parung Kalong 85 12 1.159 0.020 0.560 18.350
Pasir Kole 46 3 0.1152 0.0200 0.0750 1.0200
PDAM 120 21 0.1287 0.0200 0.1100 0.8400
Sodong 120 21 1.226 0.020 0.515 15.630
T. Sidang 46 3 0.241 0.020 0.075 7.330
Tailrace 50 3 0.3198 0.0200 0.2350 1.4300
Taroko 120 21 0.301 0.020 0.090 24.000
Max values for
Class 1 is 0.3 mg/l of
Iron (PP 82/2001),
whereas for Class
2, 3, 4 no Iron
values are
required.
Naturally Iron in
surface water is
not > 0.2 mg/l,
deep ground water
may be higher > 1
mg/l
NH3(Ammonia)
0.5 mg/l of
Ammonia is a max
value for Class 1 ,
but No required
values of NH3 for
Class 2,3, and 4
only if it is used for
aquaculture (fish
farming NH3
should be < 0.02
mg/l (PP82 /2001)
SITE N N* Mean Minimum Median Maximum
B. Barat 134 12 0.01263 0.03869 0.00100 0.28000
Bojong 129 12 0.03280 0.10701 0.00100 0.80600
Cilalawi 58 0 0.0653 0.2357 0.0010 1.4000
DAM 172 18 0.00713 0.02432 0.00100 0.28000
Inlet PLTA 44 0 0.00600 0.01052 0.00100 0.06100
Jamaras 129 12 0.02560 0.09854 0.00100 0.84000
Keramba 167 18 0.01356 0.03701 0.00100 0.28000
Keramba I 12 0 0.004583 0.003088 0.001000 0.009000
Keramba II 13 0 0.003385 0.002063 0.001000 0.008000
Keramba III 13 0 0.00831 0.00401 0.00300 0.01800
Keramba IV 13 0 0.004692 0.003425 0.001000 0.012000
Keramba V 20 0 0.00885 0.00609 0.00100 0.02700
Kerenceng 134 12 0.01194 0.03018 0.00100 0.28000
P. Gombong 10 0 0.00680 0.00708 0.00200 0.02600
P. Astana 49 0 0.00520 0.00880 0.00100 0.05000
Parung Kalong 91 6 0.0996 0.3151 0.0010 1.6700
Pasir Kole 49 0 0.003857 0.004774 0.001000 0.027000
PDAM 129 12 0.0253 0.1288 0.0010 1.4000
Sodong 129 12 0.0422 0.1535 0.0010 1.1100
T. Sidang 49 0 0.00633 0.01353 0.00100 0.07500
Tailrace 53 0 0.0930 0.3677 0.0010 2.5200
Taroko 129 12 0.01898 0.04922 0.00100 0.28000
Ammonia is a waste
product of living
organism, then
used by
microorganism
converted to nitrite
and eventually into
more stable form of
nitrogen, nitrite and
nitrate.

Nitrate-N
SITE N N* Mean Minimum Median Maximum
B. Barat 134 12 0.382 2.936 0.010 34.000
Bojong 129 12 0.1748 0.2695 0.0040 1.5800
Cilalawi 58 0 0.387 1.602 0.004 12.000
DAM 172 18 0.554 3.739 0.004 43.500
Inlet PLTA 36 8 0.1067 0.1259 0.0100 0.5600
Jamaras 129 12 0.2565 0.7571 0.0040 8.0000
Keramba 167 18 0.509 2.272 0.004 19.000
Keramba I 12 0 0.1300 0.0619 0.0100 0.2100
Keramba II 13 0 0.0746 0.0522 0.0100 0.1800
Keramba III 13 0 0.0669 0.0609 0.0100 0.2100
Keramba IV 13 0 0.04308 0.02250 0.10000 0.08000
Keramba V 20 0 0.04700 0.03404 0.10000 0.11000
Kerenceng 134 12 0.569 2.596 0.010 22.000
P. Gombong 10 0 0.0470 0.0678 0.0100 0.1800
P. Astana 49 0 0.1459 0.2649 0.0100 1.5300
Parung Kalong 91 6 0.508 1.902 0.004 17.900
Pasir Kole 49 0 0.298 1.007 0.004 6.540
PDAM 129 12 0.1913 0.4136 0.0040 2.9600
Sodong 129 12 0.2291 0.4228 0.0030 3.3200
T. Sidang 49 0 0.1608 0.3550 0.0100 2.3400
Tailrace 53 0 1.57 9.77 0.01 71.35
Taroko 129 12 0.1238 0.1428 0.0040 0.8300
Allowed Max Value
is 10 mg/l Nitrate-N
(PP 82/year 2001)
Data from 2009-
2013 showed that
the Mean and
Median values
always < 10, The
Highest Recorded
values were in Baras
Barat 34 mg/l, Dam
43 mg/l and
Karamba 19 mg/l &
in tailrace 71.35
Nitrate
parameter is
related to
human Health
blue baby
Nitrate containing
water usually
from irrigation
water, agricultural
run off,
human/animal
waste,
decomposition of
plant, manure,
domestic
/industrial waste
Nitrite
Site N N* Mean St Dev Minimum Maximum
B. Barat 134 12 0.01736 0.02703 0.00400 0.19000
Bojong 129 12 0.0428 0.1610 0.0040 1.4200
Cilalawi 58 0 0.01803 0.01942 0.00400 0.11000
DAM 172 18 0.01490 0.01582 0.00400 0.12000
Inlet PLTA 32 12 0.01813 0.02746 0.00400 0.12000
Jamaras 129 12 0.03860 0.07852 0.00400 0.67000
Karamba 167 18 0.02651 0.04078 0.00400 0.25000
Karamba I 12 0 0.009250 0.002598 0.001000 0.010000
Karamba II 13 0 0.010000 0.000000 0.010000 0.010000
Karamba III 13 0 0.01154 0.00555 0.01000 0.03000
Karamba IV 13 0 0.010000 0.000000 0.010000 0.010000
Karamba V 20 0 0.010500 0.002236 0.010000 0.020000
Kerenceng 134 12 0.02766 0.05246 0.00400 0.43000
P Gombong 10 0 0.010000 0.000000 0.010000 0.010000
P. Astana 49 0 0.01563 0.01848 0.00400 0.10000
Parung kalong 91 6 0.0496 0.1598 0.0040 1.3000
Pasir Kole 49 0 0.01592 0.01951 0.00400 0.10000
PDAM 129 12 0.01929 0.02848 0.00400 0.21000
Sodong 129 12 0.0462 0.1481 0.0040 1.2800
T. Sindang 49 0 0.01255 0.01107 0.00400 0.07000
Tailrace 53 0 0.189 0.963 0.004 6.990
Taroko 129 12 0.02187 0.03978 0.00400 0.28000
Max allowed
Nitrite Conc. is
0.06 mg/l, (PP
82/2001) The data
showed that most
of the means were
at < 0.06 mg/l
BOD
Site N N* Mean Minimum Median Maximum
B. Barat 134 12 4.919 0.830 4.645 14.340
Bojong 29 12 4.804 1.080 4.590 13.000
Cilalawi 58 0 4.956 1.180 4.675 9.130
DAM 172 18 5.031 1.010 4.730 17.000
Inlet PLTA 44 0 4.783 1.140 4.920 8.460
Jamaras 129 12 4.907 1.100 4.820 10.000
Karamba 67 18 5.114 1.000 4.720 13.000
Karamba I 12 0 4.671 1.170 5.255 7.310
Karamba II 13 0 4.389 1.110 4.770 7.710
Karamba III 13 0 5.264 3.340 5.200 7.020
Karamba IV 13 0 5.284 1.080 5.410 8.940
Karamba V 20 0 4.655 1.020 5.115 7.450
Kerenceng 134 12 4.751 1.000 4.690 15.340
P Gombong 10 0 4.997 2.940 4.940 8.090
P. Astana 49 0 4.914 1.080 4.720 9.340
Parung kalong 91 6 4.987 0.380 4.380 39.500
Pasir Kole 49 0 4.431 1.110 4.460 7.150
PDAM 129 12 5.426 1.020 5.420 13.000
Sodong 129 12 5.339 1.000 4.390 74.950
T. Sindang 49 0 4.577 1.020 4.320 11.140
Tailrace 53 0 3.724 1.000 3.820 8.560
Taroko 129 12 5.117 1.000 4.750 14.000
BOD is substance
in water that
consume Oxygen
Biologically, it is
not toxic
substance, but
creates oxygen
depletion in water

PP 82/2001 put
2 mg/l for Class 1,
3 mg/l for Class 2,
6 mg/l for Class 3,
12 mg/l for Class 4
The mean and
median values
of BOD is 4 to5
mg/l, This
indicating that
this water is in
the class of 3.
Conclusion
1. In general the reservoir water quality in respect to the ability to neutralize acid pollution from
rain or from waste water is still good. The mean alkalinity of reservoir water was about 63.39
mg/l,alkalinity that found <20 mg/l is a warning that pollution from acids may be present in
that area. Survivalability of the living organism in water is depend on the stability of pH, and
stability of pH depend on the alkalinity. The present status of alkalinity therefore is still able
to stabilize pH against acid from rain water or waste water.
2. pH varies with depth as it shown that the range of pH on the surface is wider than the range
of pH in a deep water. A measurement of pH water which was replaced using litmus paper
instead of pH meter (electrochemical methods) it should immediately be returned back with
the proper instruments.
3. Mean of Dissolved Oxygen in water was about 6.537 mg/l indicating that most of the time
DO was enough for living organism to live, though some minimum values of DO still found in
location Karamba, Dam, and Tailrace < 1 mg/l. indicating that distribution of DO oxygen varies
with time and place. Similar to pH measurement DO measurements should be on situ rather
than in the lab, because the probability of error examined in the lab. Again it is appropriate to
measure onsite using electrochemical methods. Temperature measurement of water is
ussually incorporated in the instrumental methods.

Conclusion, Continued.1
1. Distribution of Total Dissolved Solids were not homogenous in water varied with depth and
time.
2. On the surface (between 0- 8 m): the means were about 194.06, 198,55, and 192.09, the
median values about between 160 and 170 whereas at
3. At the depth of 8 and 16 the means were 172 and 174 mg/l and median values 130 and 155
mg/l.
4. over the year 2009. 2010, 2011, 2012, and 2013 the means were almost the same between
194-196 mg/l.
5. The data has showed temporal and spatial variation which divide between depth and
horizontal of the reservoir showing of stratification.
6. Total Dissolved Solids follow more less to log normal distribution , whilst Chloride and
sulphate fit to normal distribution. The concentration of Total Dissolved Solids may confirm
that pollution had occurred in the reservoir by other soluble substance such as organic
nitrate, nitrite.
Conclusion, Continued 2
1. Iron and Mangan, iron concentration varied with depth. Variation on the surface of the
reservoir was greater than in the bottom.
2. Sulfide is one of the target compound that contribute to the corrosion and incovenenience
due to its smell in reservoir. Mean values of sulfide over the year between 2009 and 2013
concentration were about 0.01972 - 0.0760. These concentration exceeded the threshold
limit values of human can smell sulfide which is about 0.0047 ppm or 16 times of threshold
limit. A further study is required to estimate sulfide in the contribution of corrosion over
structural facilities of the dam and its all appertunance.
3. Though abundant in nature, ammonia, nitrate and nitrite is a controversion substance, a
useful substance for agricultural purposes but if too much in the reservoir water resulting to
eutrophication, eventually make the reservoir too much algae, and water plant.
4. Particularly for ammonia, high concentration of ammonia is toxic for living organism in water
fish especially.
Conclusion, Continued 3
BOD-COD are not a toxic substance but due to its presence may create
problems of oxygen depletion in waterbodies, particularly if such
waterbodies are designated used for fish and other useful living organism
in water. BOD concentration with the mean values were between 3.724
and 5.426 mg/l, median values between 3.820 and 5.420. Similar values of
mean and median showed a perfect normal distribution, the range values
the minimum and maximum were between 0.380 mg/l and 17 mg/l. COD
showed a similar pattern to BOD, COD means values were between 10.274
and 14.118, the median between 9.730 and 14.28.
For the future BOD concentration may be predicted by examination of
COD. A rough estimate from the whole examination of BOD and COD, the
ratio of BOD over COD still indicated of a kind biodegradeable organics.

Conclusion Continued 4
In relation to the number of sampling points and the variation
concentration in the whole body of reservoir, it can be concluded that
there are conservative substance like chloride, sulfate and carbonate that
almost homogenous along the horizontal plane of the reservoir, indicating
that taking any one place on the surface between 2 to 8 m depth, we can
obtain a representative sample points, whereas for substance like BOD the
variation had occurred in varying time and location, so taking a sample
from any one place will not represent the whole water reservoir.
It is now an urgent needs to use an instrumental methods for the
management of reservoir water to measure water quality onsite.


Recommendation
More Frequent versus More Points of sampling.
Sampling is a part of water quality management action. It takes cost
There is spatial variation and temporal variation of water quality in water
bodies, more points of sampling and more frequent of sampling will more
represents of sampling for water bodies.
Since temporal variation is more significant than spatial variation, so require
more frequent of sampling. It will give more realistic condition of the reservoir.
At least it requires daily of sampling if we concern to manage pollution that
may occur in the reservoir

Proposed for Frequency of sampling
for W Quality in the reservoir
Daily * Weekly/2 weekly Monthly
Conductivity
Ammonium
DO
pH
Turbidity
Temperature
Hardness
Manganese
Nitrite
Nitrate
Suspended Solids
Organic matter
TDS
BOD
COD
Total Coli***

Deterjen
Sulfate
Sulphide
Hg
Ba
Cd
Cr
Se
Zn
Cu
Pb
Ca
Chloride
Fluoride
Iron
* It would be good to
be carried out in Real
Time measurement
Location of sampling points