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Merging man and maths
Exercise 5.1 (Solutions)
Textbook of Algebra and Trigonometry for Class XI
Available online @ http: // www.mathcity.org, Version: 1.0.0
Question # 1
(
)(
)
21
1
1
1
1
x
x
x
=
\u2212
\u2212
+
Resolving it into partial fraction
(
)(
)
1
1
1
1
1
A
B
x
x
x
x
=
+
\u2212
+
\u2212
+
Multiplying both sides by(
)(
)
1
1
x
x
\u2212
+ we get
(
)
(
)
( )
1
1
1................i
A x
B x
=
+ +
\u2212
Put
1 0
1
x
x
\u2212= \u21d2 =in equation (i)
( )
( )
1
1 1
0
A
B
=
+ +
1 2
0
A
\u21d2= +
12
A
\u21d2
=
Now put
1 0
1
x
x
+ = \u21d2 =\u2212in equation (i)
( )
(
)
1
0
1 1
A
B
=
+ \u2212\u2212
10 2B
\u21d2 =\u2212
12
B
\u21d2
=\u2212
Hence
(
)(
)
1
1
1
1
1
A
B
x
x
x
x
=
+
\u2212
+
\u2212
+
(
)
(
)
1
1
2
1
2
1
x
x
=
\u2212
\u2212
+
Answer
Question # 2
(
)
(
)(
)(
)
2
2
4
2
2
1
1
1
1
xx
x
x
x
x
x
+
+
=
+
\u2212
\u2212
(
)
2
2
2
2
1
x
x
= ++\u2212
(
)(
)
2
2
2
1
1
x
x
x
= +++
\u2212
Now consider
(
)(
)
2
1
1
1
1
A
B
x
x
x
x
=
+
+
\u2212
+
\u2212
Multiplying both sides by(
)(
)
1
1
x
x
+
\u2212
(
)
(
)
( )
2
1
1................i
A x
B x
=
\u2212 +
+
Put
1 0
1
x
x
+ = \u21d2 =\u2212in equation (i)
(
)
( )
2
1 1
0
A
B
= \u2212\u2212 +
2
2
0
A
\u21d2 =\u2212 +
1
A
\u21d2
=\u2212
Now put
1 0
1
x
x
\u2212= \u21d2 =in equation (i)
( )
( )
2
0
1 1
A
B
=
+ +
20 2B
\u21d2 =+
1
B
\u21d2
=
So
(
)(
)
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
x
x
x
x
\u2212
=
+
+
\u2212
+
\u2212
Hence
(
)
(
)(
)
(
) (
)
2
2
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
xx
x
x
x
x
x
+
\u2212
=+ +
+
+
\u2212
+
\u2212
(
) (
)
2
1
1
2
1
1
x
x
x
= +\u2212
+
+
\u2212
Answer
2
2
4
2
4
2
2
2
2
1
2
2
2
2
x
x
x
x
x x
x
x
\u2212
+
\u2212
+
+
\u2212
+
\u2212
\u2212
FSc I / Ex 5.1-2
Question # 3
2
1
( 1)(
2)(
3)
x
x
x
x
+
\u2212
+
+
Resolving it into partial fraction
2
1
( 1)(
2)(
3)
1
2
3
x
A
B
C
x
x
x
x
x
x
+
=
+
+
\u2212
+
+
\u2212
+
+
Multiplying both side by ( 1) (
2)(
3)
x
x
x
\u2212
+
+
( )
2
1
(
2)(
3)
( 1)(
3)
( 1)(
2)............i
x
A x
x
B x
x
C x
x
+ =
+
+ +
\u2212
+ +
\u2212
+
Put
1 0
1
x
x
\u2212= \u21d2 =in equation (i)
2(1) 1
(1 2) (1 3)
(0)
(0)
A
B
C
+ =
+
+ +
+
3
(3)(4) 0 0
A
=
+ +
3 12A
\u21d2 =
3
12
A
\u21d2
=
14
A
\u21d2
=
Now put
2 0
2
x
x
+ = \u21d2 =\u2212in equation (i)
2( 2) 1
(0)
( 2 1)( 2 3)
(0)
A
B
C
\u2212 + =
+ \u2212\u2212 \u2212+ +
4 1
0
( 3)(1) 0
B
\u2212+= + \u2212
+
3
3B
\u21d2 \u2212 =\u2212
1
B
\u21d2
=
Now put
3 0
3
x
x
+ = \u21d2 =\u2212in equation (i)
2( 3) 1
(0)
(0)
( 3 1)( 3 2)
A
B
C
\u2212 + =
+
+ \u2212\u2212 \u2212+
61 0 0
( 4)( 1)
C
\u2212+ = + + \u2212 \u2212
5
4C
\u21d2\u2212 =
54
C
\u21d2
= \u2212
So
5
1
2
1
1
4
4
( 1)(
2)(
3)
1
2
3
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
\u2212
+
=
+
+
\u2212
+
+
\u2212
+
+
1
1
5
4( 1)
2 4(
3)
x
x
x
=
+
\u2212
\u2212
+
+
Answer
Question # 4
2
2
3
4
5
(
2)(
7
10)
x
x
x
x
x
\u2212 \u2212
\u2212
+ +
2
3
4
5
(
2)(
5) (
2)
x
x
x
x
x
\u2212 \u2212
=\u2212
+
+
Now resolving into partial fraction.
2
3
4
5
(
2)(
5) (
2)
2
5
2
x
x
A
B
C
x
x
x
x
x
x
\u2212 \u2212
=
+
+
\u2212
+
+
\u2212
+
+
.
1
30
5
,
,
28
7
4
Do yourself You will get
A
B
C
\ue003
\ue009
\ue004
\ue00a
\ue004
\ue00a
=\u2212
=
= \u2212
\ue005
\ue00b
Question # 5
1
( 1)(2 1)(3 1)
x
x
x
\u2212
\u2212
\u2212
Resolving it into partial fraction.
1
( 1)(2 1)(3 1)
12 13 1
A
B
C
x
x
x
x
x
x
=
+
+
\u2212
\u2212
\u2212
\u2212
\u2212
\u2212
Multiplying both side by ( 1)(2 1)(3 1)
x
x
x
\u2212
\u2212
\u2212.
1
(2 1)(3 1)
( 1)(3 1)
(2 1)(3 1).............()
A x
x
B x
x
C x
x
i
=
\u2212
\u2212 +
\u2212
\u2212 +
\u2212
\u2212
Put
1 0
1
x
x
\u2212= \u21d2 =in equation (i)
1
(2(1) 1)(3(1) 1)
(0)
(0)
A
B
C
=
\u2212
\u2212 +
+
1
(1)(2) 0 0
A
\u21d2 =
+ +
1 2A
\u21d2 =
12
A
\u21d2 =
2
2
7 10
5
2 10
x
x
x
x
x
+ + = + + +
Q
(
5) 2(
5)
x x
x
= ++ +
(
5) (
2)
x
x
= +
+
FSc I / Ex 5.1-3
Put
1
2 10
2
1
2
x
x
x
\u2212= \u21d2 = \u21d2 =
in equation (i)
1
1
1
(0)
1 3
1
(0)
2
2
A
B
C
\ue000
\ue006
\ue000
\ue006 \ue000\ue006
=
+
\u2212
\u2212 +
\ue001
\ue007 \ue001\ue007
\ue001
\ue007
\ue002
\ue008 \ue002\ue008
\ue002
\ue008
1
1
1 0
0
2
2
B\ue000 \ue006\ue000 \ue006
\u21d2=+ \u2212
+
\ue001 \ue007\ue001 \ue007
\ue002 \ue008\ue002 \ue008
1
1
4B
\u21d2 =\u2212
4
B
\u21d2 =\u2212
Put
1
3 10
3 1
3
x
x
x
\u2212= \u21d2 =\u21d2=
in equation (i)
1
1
1
(0)
(0)
1 2
1
3
3
A
B
C
\ue000
\ue002
\ue000
\ue006 \ue000\ue006
=
+
+
\u2212
\u2212
\ue001
\ue007 \ue001\ue007
\ue001
\ue007
\ue002
\ue008 \ue002\ue008
\ue001
\ue003
2
1
1 00
3
3
C\ue000 \ue006\ue000 \ue006
\u21d2 =++ \u2212
\u2212
\ue001 \ue007\ue001 \ue007
\ue001
\ue003 \ue001
\ue003
2
1
9C
\u21d2 =
92
C
\u21d2
=
Hence
9
1
1
4
2
2
( 1)(2 1)(3 1)
12 13 1
x
x
x
x
x
x
\u2212
=
+
+
\u2212
\u2212
\u2212
\u2212
\u2212
\u2212
1
4
9
2( 1) 2 1 2(3 1)
x
x
x
=
\u2212
+
\u2212
\u2212
\u2212
Answer
Question # 6
(
)(
)(
)
x
x a x b x c
\u2212
\u2212
\u2212
Resolving it into partial fraction.
(
)(
)(
)
x
A
B
C
x a x b x c
xa xb xc
=
+
+
\u2212
\u2212
\u2212
\u2212
\u2212
\u2212
Multiplying both sides by (
)(
)(
)
x a x b x c
\u2212
\u2212
\u2212.
( )
(
)(
)
(
)(
)
(
)(
)............i
x Ax b x c Bx a x c
Cx a x b
=
\u2212
\u2212 +
\u2212
\u2212 +
\u2212
\u2212
Put
0
x a
x a
\u2212= \u21d2= in equation (i)
(
)(
)
(0)
(0)
a Aa b a c B
C
=
\u2212
\u2212 +
+
(
)(
)0 0
a Aa b a c
\u21d2 =
\u2212
\u2212 + +
(
)(
)
a
A
a b a c
\u21d2
=\u2212
\u2212
Now put
0
x b
x b
\u2212= \u21d2 = in equation (i)
(0)
(
)(
)
(0)
a A
Bb a b c
C
=
+
\u2212
\u2212 +
0
(
)(
) 0
a
Bb a b c
\u21d2 =+
\u2212
\u2212 +
(
)(
)
b
B
b ab c
\u21d2
=\u2212
\u2212
Now put
0
x c
x c
\u2212= \u21d2 = in equation (i)
(0)
(0)
(
)(
)
c A
B
Cc a c b
=
+
+
\u2212
\u2212
0 0
(
)(
)
c
Cc a c b
\u21d2 =++
\u2212
\u2212
(
)(
)
c
B
c a c b
\u21d2
=\u2212
\u2212
So
(
)(
)
(
)(
)
(
)(
)
(
)(
)(
)
a
b
c
x
a ba c
b ab c
c ac b
x a x b x c
x a
x b
x c
\u2212
\u2212
\u2212
\u2212
\u2212
\u2212
=
+
+
\u2212
\u2212
\u2212
\u2212
\u2212
\u2212
(
)(
)(
) (
)(
)(
) (
)(
)(
)
a
b
c
a ba cx a
b ab cx b
c ac bx c
=
+
+
\u2212
\u2212
\u2212
\u2212
\u2212
\u2212
\u2212
\u2212
\u2212
Answer
Made By Atiq ur Rehman ( atiq@mathcity.org ) URL: http://www.mathcity.org
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