DRAFT 271109

Decision 1/CP.15

(Decision 1/CMP.5 in separate document) Adoption of The Copenhagen Agreement Under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change

The Conference of the Parties,

Pursuant

to the Bali Road Map adopted by the Conference of the Parties at its thirteenth session,

Acknowledging

and building on the work by the Ad Hoc Working Group on Long-TermCooperative Action under the Convention and the Ad Hoc Working Group on Further Commitments for Annex I Parties under the Kyoto Protocol,

Sharing

a commitment to take

immediate and enhanced national action under the Convention in pursuit of its ultimate objective, and in accordance with its principles and commitmentsincluding the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities,

Seeking

at the same time to move ahead promptly to take action related to address climate change,

Believing

it imperative that the Parties continue to work together constructively to strengthen theworld’s ability to combat climate change,Affirming the need to continue negotiations pursuant to decisions taken at COP13 and COP15, witha view to agreeing on a comprehensive legal framework under the Convention no later thanCOPXX

Decides

to adopt this political agreement (hereinafter “the Copenhagen Agreement”), which will become effective immediately.

The Copenhagen Agreement

The Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (hereinafter “the Parties”) seek to further the implementation of the Convention in a manner that pursuesits ultimate objective as stated in its Article 2, that recalls its provisions, and that is guided bythe principles in Article 3.

I. A Shared Vision for Long-Term Cooperative Action

The Parties underline that climate change is one of the greatest challenges of our time andcommit to a vigorous response through immediate ambitious national action and strengthenedinternational cooperation with a view to limit global average temperature rise to a maximumof 2 degrees above pre-industrial levels. The Parties are convinced of the need to addressclimate change bearing in mind that social and economic development and poverty eradicationare the first and overriding priorities in developing countries. The Parties note that the largestshare of historical global emissions of greenhouse gases originates in developed countries, andthat per capita emissions in many developing countries are still relatively low. The Partiesrecognize the urgency of addressing the need for enhanced action on adaptation to climatechange. They are equally convinced that moving to a low-emission economy is an opportunityto promote continued economic growth and sustainable development in all countriesrecognizing that gender equality is essential in achieving sustainable development. In thisregard, the Parties:-

Commit to take action to mitigate climate change based on their common butdifferentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities,-

Commit to take action on adaptation including international support assisting the poorestand most vulnerable countries,-

Commit to strengthen the international architecture for the provision of substantiallyincreased finance for climate efforts in developing countries,-

Commit to establish a technology mechanism to promote the development, transfer anddeployment of environmentally sustainable technologies in support of mitigation andadaptation efforts.Welcoming the significance of the commitments on all Bali Building blocks reflected in thisAgreement, the Parties emphasize the need for full implementation, both domestically andinternationally, take note of the additional efforts being taken, and planned, by the Parties,such as cooperative efforts regarding transformational and other technologies; and encourageeach other to take appropriate additional steps.3.

Recalling the ultimate objective of the Convention, the Parties stress the urgency of action on both mitigation and adaptation and recognize the scientific view that the increase in globalaverage temperature above pre-industrial levels ought not to exceed 2 degrees C. In thisregard, the Parties:-

Support the goal of a peak of global emissions as soon as possible, but no later than[2020], acknowledging that developed countries collectively have peaked and that thetimeframe for peaking will be longer in developing countries,-

Support the goal of a reduction of global annual emissions in 2050 by at least 50 percentversus 1990 annual emissions, equivalent to at least 58 percent versus 2005 annual

emissions. The Parties contributions towards the goal should take into account common but different responsibility and respective capabilities and a long term convergence of per capita emissions.

II. Adaptation

The adverse effects of climate change are already taking place and are posing a serious threatto the social and economic development of all countries. This is particularly true in the mostvulnerable developing countries, which will be disproportionally affected. The adverse impactof climate change will constitute an additional burden on developing countries´ efforts toreduce poverty, to attain sustainable development and to achieve the United NationsMillennium Development Goals. Both adaptation and mitigation efforts are fundamental tothe fight against climate change. Adaptation must include action to reduce risk andvulnerability, taking into account gender equality, and build resilience in order to reduce thethreats, loss and damages to livelihoods and ecosystems from disasters caused by extremeweather events and from slow-onset events caused by gradual climate change. Recognizingthat the impact of climate change will differ according to regional and national circumstances, planning and implementation of adaptation actions must be considered in the context of thesocial, economic and environmental policies of each country. Adaptation action at nationallevel will be a country driven process taking into account national development priorities and plans.5.

In this regard, the Parties endorse the adaptation framework in decision X4/CP.15 with theobjective of reducing vulnerability and building resilience to present and future effects of climate change through national action and international cooperation. This includes the provision of finance, technology and capacity building in the immediate, medium and long-term. Support should be provided with priority for the poorest and most vulnerable countries.In the context of this Framework institutional arrangements will be established over time tosupport Parties’ actions and provide technical assistance including for risk reduction and provide financial risk transfer such as insurance. Further, this will include a system to ensuremutual accountability with monitoring, review and assessment of support and actions andshare lessons learned. A share of fast-start financing comprising [$X] for 2010-12 will be provided through existing channels, including the Adaptation Fund, to implement actionsidentified in National Adaptation Programmes of Action and other urgent needs and to buildcapacity for further planning.

III. Mitigation

The shared vision limiting global average temperature rise to a maximum of 2 degrees above pre-industrial levels is addressed by nationally appropriate mitigation contributions to becarried out by the Parties consistent with the principle of common but differentiatedresponsibilities and respective capabilities and with developed countries taking the lead.

Developed Countries nationally appropriate mitigation commitments and actions

The developed country Parties commit to individual national economy wide targets for 2020.The targets in Attachment A would expect to yield aggregate emissions reductions by X1 percent by 2020 versus 1990 (X2 percent vs. 2005). The purchase of international offsetcredits will play a supplementary role to domestic action. The developed country Parties