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Integrated Science Vocabulary

Chapter 6 Vocabulary
1. Energy – The ability to do work and cause a change to occur.
2. Work – Transfer of energy that occurs when a force makes
an object move; measured in joules (J or kg * m2/s2).
3. Power – Amount of work done, or the amount of energy
transferred, divided by the time required to do the work or
transfer the energy; measured in watts (W).
4. Machine – Device that makes doing work easier by increasing
the force applied to an object, changing the direction of an
applied force, or increasing the distance over which a force can
be applied.
5. Input Force – Force exerted on a machine.
6. Output Force – Force applied by a machine.
7. Mechanical Advantage (MA) – Ratio of the output force
exerted by a machine to the input force applied to the machine.
8. Efficiency – Ratio of the output work done by the machine to
the input work done on the machine, expressed as a percentage.
9. Simple Machine – Machine that does work with only one
movement – lever, pulley, wheel and axle, inclined plane, screw,
and wedge.
10.Lever – Simple machine consisting of a bar free to pivot about
a fixed point called the fulcrum.
11. Pulley – Simple machine that consists of a grooved wheel with
a rope, chain, or cable running along the groove; can be either

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Integrated Science Vocabulary

fixed or movable.
12.Wheel and Axle – Simple machine that consists of a shaft or
axle attached to the center of a larger wheel, so that the shaft
and the wheel rotate together.
13. Inclined Plane – Simple machine that consists of a sloping
surface, such as a ramp, that reduces the amount of force
needed to lift something by increasing the distance over which
the force is applied.
14.Screw – Simple machine that consists of an inclined plane
wrapped in a spiral around a cylindrical post.
15.Wedge – Simple machine that is an inclined plane with one or
two sloping sides.
16.Compound Machine – Machine that is a combination of two
or more simple machines.

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