TRANSACTIONA

L ANALYSIS
by
Eric Berne

Submitted by:
Alpa Goel
Harshika Shah
Pallavi Bisht
Smriti Jha
Tushar Tejawat
 Agenda
• TA Definition
• TA States –PAC
• Type 1, 2 – crossed and complimentary
• Angular and duplex transition
• Procedures & rituals
• Past times
• Games
 Transactional Analysis
• Transaction Unit of social intercourse

• Transaction = Transactional Stimulus +

Transactional Response

• Transaction analysis: Studying &

diagnosing which ego state
implemented the stimulus and response

• By Eric Berne, the psychologist

 The EGO States
• Three ego states that are based on childhood
experiences and role models

• Separate and distinct source of behavior

The three states are

– Parent
– Adult
– Child
 Parent Ego state –
“SHOULD”
• Parental values and opinions are stored in this
ego state

• May be expressed towards others as

prejudicial, critical, and nurturing behavior

• Parental messages continue to influence the

inner child
 Adult – “Dispassionate”
• Oriented toward current reality and the
objective gathering of information

• Organized, adaptable, intelligent, and

tests reality, estimating probabilities
 Child – “Child again !!!”
• All the impulses that come naturally to an
infant

• Intuitive, creative, spontaneous

• Feelings of happiness, anxiety, fear,

withdrawal etc
 The EGO states
• We all operate from all the 3 states

• Awareness of transactions and ego states

help us gain a conscious control over how
we interact with people

• In healthy professional relationships,

people transact preferably in adult state
 Complementary
Transactions

Paren Paren Paren Paren

t t t t

u s
ul
Stimul

im
us

St

se
Adult Adult Adult Adult

on
Respon

sp
Re
se

Child Child Child Child

Agen Responde Agen Respondent

t nt t
Type 1 Type 2
 Crossed Transactions

Paren Paren Paren Paren

t t t t

se
Re

on
se
sp

sp
on

Re
Adult Adult Adult Adult
Stimul
us Stimulu
s
Child Child Child Child

Agen Responde Agen Respondent

t nt t
Type 1 Type 2
 Ulterior Transactions

Paren Paren Paren Paren

t t t t
Social
level

Adult Adult Adult Social Level Adult

Ps
yc Psychological
Child a l ho l o Child Child Level Child
lev gi
el c

Salesm Buyer Cowbo Girl

an y
An Angular A Duplex
Transaction Transaction
 Procedures & Rituals
• Procedure: A series of simple
complementary Adult transactions
directed towards manipulation of reality

• Ritual: A series of simple

complementary transactions
programmed by external social forces

• Procedures are programmed by Adult

and Rituals are parentally patterned
 Pastimes
• Typically played at parties or during
the waiting periods

• Have specific aspect of exclusiveness

• Form basis of selection of

acquaintances and may lead to
friendship
 Games
• A series of moves with a snare

• 2 characteristics: the ulterior quality and the

payoff

• Stages in a Game:
– I Degree Game: socially acceptable to the agent.
– II Degree Game: no permanent irremediable
damage arises but the player will conceal it from
the public.
– III Degree Game: is played for keeps and ends in
surgery, courtroom and morgue
 Games People Play
• Life Games
• Marital Games
• Party Games
• Sexual games
• Boardroom Games
• Good Games
• Underworld Games
 PARTY GAMES

“WHY DON’T YOU? YES, BUT….”

 ‘See if you can find a solution I can’t find
fault with’
• Agent wins if he’s able to stand off solutions till
others give up

• Aim: Not to get suggestions but to reject them

• Ulterior: inadequate Child <--> wise Parent

Parent: I can make you grateful for my help
Child: Go ahead and try

• Advantages:
Internal - Reassurance External - Avoid
surrender
MARITAL GAMES

“CORNER”
‘Refusal to play game of the other’

• Aim: To corner the other person by

taking literal meaning of words
• Manipulative
• Functions as barrier to intimacy
• Ulterior: Child <--> Child
• Advantages:
Internal – Secret feeling of triumph
External – Avoid intimacy
 LIFE GAMES

Now I have got you, you

Son of a Bitch
Now I have got you, you Son of
a Bitch
• Finding situations to vent the pent up
furies.
• Whenever meets with any injustice,
receives them with delight and exploits
them
• Forgets the actual provocation but
remembers the ensuing battle
• Response: why does it always happens
with me?
 Good Games
• Difficult to interpret
• Contributes to well being of both the
parties
• Homely Sage
SEXUAL GAMES

RAP
 Rapo
• First degree - involves White mildly flirting with Black. Once he's committed
himself to the pursuit, the game is over and White has won. The payoff is
being found attractive.

• Second degree - the payoff comes from the enjoyment of rejecting Black's
advances ("Buzz off Buster"). White leads him into a much more serious
commitment, and enjoys watching his discomfort at being rejected.

• Third degree - ends in a false accusation of rape. White leads Black into a
compromising physical position before claiming criminal assault or
permanent psychological damage. She usually involves a number of other
players at this stage.
THANK YOU