WITH MAPS, ILLUSTRATIONS, AND ITINERARIES OF
THE PRINCIPAL ROUTES BETWEEN THE
MISSISSIPPI AND THE PACIFIC.
NEW YORK:
HARPER & BROTHERS, PUBLISHERS,
FRANKLIN SQUARE.
one thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, by
HARPER & BROTHERS,
In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of
The different Routes to California and Oregon. Their respective Advantages. Organization of Companies.
Elections of Captains. Wagons and Teams. Relative Merits of Mules and Oxen. Stores and Provisions. How
packed. Desiccated and canned Vegetables. Pemmican. Antiscorbutics. Cold Flour. Substitutes in case of
Necessity. Amount of Supplies. Clothing. Camp Equipage. Arms.
Marching. Treatment of Animals. Water. Different methods of finding and purifying it. Journadas. Methods of crossing them. Advance and Rear Guards. Selection of Camp. Sanitary Considerations. Dr. Jackson's Report. Picket Guards. Stampedes. How to prevent them. Corraling Wagons.
Repairing broken Wagons. Fording Rivers. Quicksand. Wagon Boats. Bull Boats. Crossing Packs. Swimming
Animals. Marching with loose Horses. Herding Mules. Best Methods of Marching. Herding and guarding
Animals. Descending Mountains. Storms. Northers.
Packing. Saddles. Mexican Method. Madrina, or Bell-mare. Attachment of the Mule illustrated. Best Method
of Packing. Hoppling Animals. Selecting Horses and Mules. Grama and bunch Grass. European Saddles.
California Saddle. Saddle Wounds. Alkali. Flies. Colic. Rattlesnake Bites. Cures for the Bite.
Bivouacs. Tente d'Abri. Gutta-percha Knapsack Tent. Comanche Lodge. Sibley Tent. Camp Furniture. Litters.
Rapid Traveling. Fuel. Making Fires. Fires on the Prairies. Jerking Meat. Making Lariats. Making Caches.
Disposition of Fire-arms. Colt's Revolvers. Gun Accidents. Trailing. Indian Sagacity.
Guides and Hunters. Delawares and Shawnees. Khebirs. Black Beaver. Anecdotes. Domestic Troubles.
Lodges. Similarity of Prairie Tribes to the Arabs. Method of making War. Tracking and pursuing Indians.
Method of attacking them. Telegraphing by Smokes.
A quarter of a century's experience in frontier life, a great portion of which has been occupied in exploring the
interior of our continent, and in long marches where I have been thrown exclusively upon my own resources,
far beyond the bounds of the populated districts, and where the traveler must vary his expedients to surmount
the numerous obstacles which the nature of the country continually reproduces, has shown me under what
great disadvantages the "voyageur" labors for want of a timely initiation into those minor details of
prairie-craft, which, however apparently unimportant in the abstract, are sure, upon the plains, to turn the
balance of success for or against an enterprise.
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