Bmepo Tjobhb

Qsftfoufe GQ VC QPTUFS 3125

IndonesianDemandsofFood
Dpnnpejujft
Dpotvnqujpo
)111 u *
Jnqpsut
)111 u *
Jnqpsut Sbujp up
D uj )&* )111 upot* )111 upot* Dpotvnqujpo )&*
Sjdf 44611 3861 9
Tpzcfbo 4211 2958 71
Tvhbs 6611 3811 29
Xifbu 6611 6611 211
Dpso 29911 3179 22
Tubujtujdt Cpbse pg Joepoftjb )3123* Tubujtujdt Cpbse pg Joepoftjb )3123*
IndonesianDemandsofFood IndonesianDemandsofFood
Basedon2010data,Populationgrowth1,49%/yr,
Ri C ti t k /hh/ d ti RiceConsumptionrates125,3kg/hh/yr,production
growth3%/yrNeedtoImportsRice,
BestScenarioisDECREASING populationto
1,3%/yr,withRiceConsumptionrates
125,3kg/hh/yr,INCREASING productiongrowth
1,56%/yr
IndonesianDemandsofEnergy
INDUSTRIES
TRANSPORTATION
AgriculturalNegativeGrowth hasshownby:
D i b ff (f f ili ) Decreasingnumberoffarmer(farmerfamiliy)
Decrasing sizeoflandownership
Increasingnumberofagriculturalproductsimport
DecreasingnumberofStudentsenrollmenton DecreasingnumberofStudentsenrollmenton
Agriculturalfields
DecreasingnumberofSchoolwhichoffering DecreasingnumberofSchoolwhichoffering
agriculturalmajor
I i f b i ti Increasingofurbanization
DecreasingNumberofFarmer
Food Food
2003=18.708.052hh
2013=17.728.185hh
Horticulture
2003=16.937.617hh
2013 10 602 147hh 2013=10.602.147hh
DecreasingNumberofFarmer
Animal Animal
2003=18.595.824hh
2013=12.969.210hh
Plantation
2003=14.138.539hh
2013 12 770 090hh 2013=12.770.090hh
LandOwnership
Averagelandowned=0 925ha/hh Averagelandowned=0,925ha/hh
Decreasingsizeoflandownership
Farmerwith<0 5ha(GUREM)=14 248 864in2013 Farmerwith<0,5ha(GUREM)=14.248.864in2013
decreased25,07%(slightlydropsince2003)
d d Farmerwith>0,5ha=25.751.267in2013decreased
15,35%(slightlydropsince2003)
LowIncome
Basedon2013AgricultureNational 3 g
Cencuse farmerhouseholdearning:
26.561.080IDR/yr=2.250US$/yr=
6 PHP/ 97.690PHP/yr
FarmerGettingOlder
Basedon2012MinistryAgriculture
data,farmeraverageage:55,
>6,5millionfarmersareontheage
groupof4554yo
DecreasingnumberofSchoolwhich
offeringagriculturalmajor offeringagriculturalmajor
AgriculturaltrainingInstitution=only112 over
18.190 (0.6%)
OnEastJava=only17 over 2.983 (0.5%)
From17institutionthereisonly3 which
confirmedstillonbusiness co ed st o bus ess
DecreasingofStudentsEnrollmenton
agriculturalfields agriculturalfields
Agrocomplexhasbeenchoosen onlyby 12%
stundents whoseenrolledonpublicuniversity
60%ofthose(12%)hasputitassecondoption
CompositionofHRonagricultural0,1%
Graduates,0,2% highSchooldan7%Vocational G aduates, 0, % g Sc oo da 7% ocat o a
School
IncomeandWealthy
Ubcmf 2; BTFBO Wbmvft pg Qsjpsjuz Joufhsbujpo Tfdupst Qspevdut
3114 )VT% cjmmjpo* 3121)VT% cjmmjpo*
Bhsp cbtfe 22 8)3 7* 49 : )4 7* Bhsp.cbtfe 22/8 )3/7* 49/: )4/7*
Svccfs.cbtfe 7/9 )2/6* 36/8 )3/5*
Gjtifsjft 7/9 )2/6* 24/7 )2/4* ) * ) *
Xppe.cbtfe 21/2 )3/3* 22/1)2/1*
Ufyujmft boe bqqbsfm 32/: )5/9* 4:/2 )4/8*
Fmfduspojdt 2:5 )53/9* 2:6 )29/3*
Bvupnpujwf 22/5 )3/6* 56/9 )5/4*
Upubm 374 )69 1* 47: 5 )45 6* Upubm 374 )69/1* 47:/5 )45/6*
IncreasingNumberofUrbanization;
% b i 31%urbanin1990
45%urbanin2000
50%urbanin2012
(ADB2013) (ADB2013)
Climatechangeimpactoncropyields,2050
BTJB BTJB
Dspq Dibohf jo Qspevdujpo )&*
Sjdf
Jssjhbufe .21/58
Sbjogfe 1/77
Nbj{f
Yield Yield
Rice 14 Rice 14- -26% 26%
Wheat 32 Wheat 32 44% 44%
Jssjhbufe .6/65
Sbjogfe 2/82
Xifbu
Maize 2 Maize 2- -5% 5%
Soybean 9 Soybean 9 18% 18%
Price Price
Xifbu
Jssjhbufe .24/61
Sbjogfe .2/:2
T c
Rice 29 Rice 29--37% 37%
Wheat 81 Wheat 81- -102% 102%
Maize 58 Maize 58- -97% 97%
S b 14 S b 14 49% 49%
Tpzcfbot
Jssjhbufe .7/84
Sbjogfe 9/69
Soybean 14 Soybean 14--49% 49%
Source:V.Anbumozhi,ADBI.2012
Haitipreviouslyhasproduced170.000tonof
rice/yr(GFI 95%) rice/yr(GFI=95%).
After1995EconomicCrisis,Haitihasforced
f l toreceiveIMFfinancialrescue
Withtermriceimporttariffcutdown from p
35%3%.
Analize theImpact? Analize theImpact?
Needtochallengepreception thatsays:
F i f ld d t d l Farmerisforeldernoneducatedpeople
Farmerispoor
Farmingsystemcannotensuringincome
Farmerislowtechnologyandfarawayfrom Farmerislowtechnologyandfarawayfrom
inovation
Farmerisunsustainable Farmerisunsustainable
Farmerisnotcool
Needtodealwithofffarmmechanism:
Hi hC tP d ti S t HighCostProductionSystem
HighCostMarketingSystem
UnEfficientDistributionandLogisticchannell
VulnerabilityFarmingsystemtoGlobalPolicy VulnerabilityFarmingsystemtoGlobalPolicy
Intervention
DangerofStarvation?
Ej q mb Kb b boh t c ebo lb b ju Ej qvmbv Kbxb zboh tvcvs ebo lbzb juv-
cbibzb lfmbqbsbo@ Zb-tbvebsb qfncbdb/
C c u i m m e ej u jl ej u jl Cfcfsbqb ubivo zboh mbmv beb ejtusjl.ejtusjl
zboh tfmvsvi qfoevevlozb nbuj
l m jc jc k m l l lfmbqbsbo-jcv.jcv nfokvbm bobl.bobl
vouvl nblbo-jcv.jcv nfnblbo boblozb
tfoej j tfoejsj
)Nvmubuvmj-Nby Ibwfmbbs-2:83 )btmj 2971*; 75*
which countries are most and which countries are most and
least vulnerable to food
insecurity.
C t R k GFSI S C t R k GFSI S Country Rank GFSI Score Country Rank GFSI Score
USA 1 86.8 Indonesia 66 45.6
New Zealand 9 82.0 India 70 44.4
Australia 15 80.1 Myanmar 74 40.1
Singapore 16 79.9 Pakistan 75 39.7
J apan 18 77.8 Bangladesh 81 35.3
S. Korea 24 71.1 Nepal 84 33.8
Malaysia 34 64 5 Cambodia 89 31 3 Malaysia 34 64.5 Cambodia 89 31.3
China 42 60.2 India 70 44.4
Thailand 45 48.9
Sri Lanka 60 48.6 Canada 8 82.1
Vietnam 60 48.6 Brazil 29 67.0
Philippines 64 46 9 Argentina 35 63 8 Philippines 64 46.9 Argentina 35 63.8
Congo (DR) 107 20.1
Lost of our freedom
Controloilandyoucontrolthenations, Controloilandyoucontrolthenations,
Controlfoodandyoucontrolthepeople
(HenryKissinger) (HenryKissinger)
Ancientcolonizationonlyseizeland, Ancientcolonizationonlyseizeland,
Newwaysofcolonizationwilltakeentirelife
(Vandana Shiva) (Vandana Shiva)
(1)Showedagriculturevastopportunities,
(2)Payloadgreattechnology (2)Payloadgreattechnology,
(3)Easetoaccessresourceandinformation,
b l d d k (4).Abilitytomanageandreducerisk.
SourceofInformation
UpdatedTechnology UpdatedTechnology
Informationtransferability
Adequatelearningfacilities Adequatelearningfacilities
IncubatortoPractices
NetworkstroughTechnologyandMarket NetworkstroughTechnologyandMarket
EnsuringPrice
ExposingOpportunities ExposingOpportunities
(1)Education Institution (information,transfer,
learningfacilities) learningfacilities)
(2)ResearchanddevelopmentInstitution
(t h l ) (technology)
(3)BusinessInstitution (networks,market,
i l i f ili i d i i ) practices,learningfacilitiesandopportunities)
YoungPeople YoungPeople
AgriculturalSovereignty
D l i I t L C t DevelopingownInputs LowerCost
DevelopingownProcessHighProduction
DevelopingownDistributionandMarketing
SystemHighProfit/ShareforFarmer y g
AlsoKeepRiceBowlInAdequateFlow
Education:TeachingandCreatingexpertise
R&D DiscoveriesandInnovations R&D:DiscoveriesandInnovations
TechnologyTransfer
h JointVentures:Entrepreneurship
Policyresearch:evidenceinformedpolicy y p y
options
TrainingdoneSAB(onFieldTraining)
DevelopingMindFrame
InterdiciplinaryTeamWork
ExitPlanResponse ExitPlanResponse
HardWork
Responsibility Responsibility
ProductDevelopment
ProductionSystemDevelopment ProductionSystemDevelopment
Indoagroinvent
h d SharingandExpose
Source:Trostle,2008
Genetic Engineering --- Genetically Modified plants and microbes/
Biotech Crops Biotech Crops
AGROBACTERIUM METHOD
DNA in Plasmid
Bacterial transfer of DNA
Agrobacterium
Plant Cell
g
DNA with
desired trait
Chromosome
Transformation Methods: Transformation Methods:
Inserting genes into plant cells Inserting genes into plant cells
Acceleration of particles
to plant cells
Plant Cell
g g p g g p
DNA PARTICLE GUN METHOD
DNA coating on microscopic
metal particles
Courtesy:R.Hautea,ISAAA
Insectresistanteggplant
India,Philippines,Bangladesh
Droughttolerantcorn
USA
Insectresistantrice Insectresistantrice
China,Iran
Biofortifiedrice
Philippines,India,Bangladesh,Vietnam,and
Indonesia
Technologicalfarming:
Aeroponics p
Shanghaicommercialaeroponic
Farm+R&Dfacility
AIRGROWN AIRGROWN,
Florida
HYDROPONICS
Photo:American
Hydroponics
WithNFThydroponics, y p
thenutrientsolution
tricklesdownplastic
channels,withplants
growingthroughholesin
thechannel.These
channelsfromAmerican
d d Hydroponicsaremade
fromhighdensity
polyethylene.
AQUAPONICS
Photo:GeoffWilson,Aquaponics NetworkAustralia
Thisprivateresearchaquaponics farminsubtropicalAustraliaisproducingPakChoiusingraft Thisprivateresearchaquaponics farminsubtropicalAustraliaisproducingPakChoiusingraft
hydroponics.ThesolenutrientiswastefromBarramunditablefish.Theyieldis1.5tonsof
vegetablesforeveryonetonofsaleablefish.ThePakChoishownhereisthreeweeksold
Highrisecrops
30storeyverticalfarm
aeroponics
hydroponics
Dripirrigation
Source:DesmondDespommier.2011.TheVerticalfarm