PENGARUH BUDAYA TERHADAP FUNGSI MENTAL

Adnil Edwin Nurdin

Culture-bound syndrome

culture-bound syndrome, culture-specific syndrome or folk illness
combination of psychiatric and somatic symptoms that are considered to be a
recognizable disease only within a specific society or culture
no objective biochemical or structural alterations of body organs or functions
the disease is not recognized in other cultures.
fourth version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental
Disorders (American Psychiatric Association, 1994)
ICD-10 (Chapter V) are the culture-specific disorders defined in Annex 2 of
the Diagnostic criteria for research.
[1]
an epidemic that can be attributed to cultural behavior patterns or suggestion is
sometimes referred to as a behavioral epidemic.
transmission can be determined by communal reinforcement as well as by person-
to-person interactions.
Etiological : difficult to distinguish the causal contribution of culture in disease
from other environmental factors such as toxicity

OTAK
Characteristic of culture-specific syndrome
categorization as a disease in the culture ,not a voluntary behaviour or false claim)
widespread familiarity in the culture
complete lack of familiarity of the condition to people in other cultures
no objectively demonstrable biochemical or tissue abnormalities (signs)
the condition is usually recognized and treated by the folk medicine of the culture.
indigenously considered to be "illnesses," or at least afflictions, and most have
local names.
the particular symptoms, course, and social response are very often influenced by
local cultural factors. Are generally limited to specific societies or culture areas and
are localized, folk, diagnostic categories that frame coherent meanings for certain
repetitive, patterned, and troubling sets of experiences and observations.
Some culture-specific syndromes involve somatic symptoms (pain or disturbed
function of a body part), while others are purely behavioral. Some culture-bound
syndromes appear with similar features in several cultures, but with locally-specific
traits, such as penis panics.

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Dasar : trance, seperti tidur non REM