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ANJANA in ayurveda

DR. AMIT MANE


CONTENTS
• INTRODUCTION
• AYURVEDIC VIEW
• MODERN VIEW
• CONTROVERSY
• DISCUSSION
• SUMMARY
• CONCLUSION
• REFERENCES
INTRODUCTION
• Very much controversial
• Less understood drug
• Though it is used routinely in our day to day
life but still its controversy persist
• Considered as both herbal and mineral drug
• Found naturally and prepared artificially
Contd….
• Very useful in various diseases, specially in eye
diseases
• So many yogas available in market
• Less research work has been carried out
• Scientific analysis is necessary
HISTORY
• Reference in Charaka, Sushruta and Ashtanga
Samhitas
• Since 8th century
• One of the oldest material used in India and
Asian countries.
• Especially for cosmetic for eyes.
• Specially by people of Muslim community
• Used both externally and internally.
AYURVEDIC VIEW
•Explanation both herbal and mineral drug
•Varga – Uparasa
•Vernacular names-
Sanskrit- Anjana, Mechak, Lochaka
Hindi- Surama
Marathi- Surama, Kajal
Gujarati – Suramo
English- black antimony
Latin- Antimonium Sulphuratum
Contd….
• Types- 5, 3 & 2
1. Souviranjana
2. Stronjana
3. Nilanjana
4. Pushpanjana
5. Rasanjana
Contd….
• A/c to Sushruta all these types are distinguish
in 3 category-
1) Soundaryavardhaka
2) Soundaryavardhaka with netraroga
3) Only in netraroga
PARYAYA
• Soviranjana:- krishnanjana, Suviraka, Souvira
• Strotonjana- kapotanjana, Yamuney, strotoj
• Nilanjana:-
Lohamardavakaraka,Suvarnaghna,Varisambha
va, Shukrabhumija
• Pushpanjana:- kusumanjana, koustubha,
Pushpaketu, Ritija, Ritipushpaka
• Rasanjana:- Agnisara, Rasagraja, Rasodbhava
STROTONJANA
• Rasa:- ks, madura
• Guna:- snigdha
• Virya:- shita
• Karma:- lekhana, netra, grahi
• Doshaprabhava:- kapha pitta hara
• Vyadhiprabhava:- Hikka, Visha, Chardi, Kshay
SOUVIRANJANA
• Rasa:- t, k, ks
• Guna:- hima, snigdha, dhumra varna
• Virya:- shita
• Vipaka:- madhura
• Karma:- vrana shodhaka, ropana,
drukprasadana, sangrahi, raktapittahara,
lekhana
RASANJANA
• Rasa:- K, T, M
• Guna:- shita, pitabhama
• Veerya:- shita
• Vipaka:- m
• Karma:- chakshushya, varnya, kushtaghna,
drukaprasadana, stholyahara, rasayana
• Doshprabhava:- V P hara
• Vyadhi:- vishroga, mukharoga, raktaroga, shwas,
krimirogam
PUSHPANJANA
• Rasa:- kshariya
• Guna:- snigdha, shweta, hima
• Veerya:- shita
• Vyadhi prabhava:- hikka, netra roga,
visharoga,jwara, etc
NILANJANA
• Guna:- snigdha, nila varna, guru
• Karma:- netrya, rasayana, lohamardavakaraka
• Doshaprabhava:- tridoshaghna
• Vyadhiprabhava:- tridoshahara, netra roga
AVAILIBILITY
• Souviranjana, strotonjana and Nilanjana are
khanija. Pushpanjana and rasanjana are
artificial prepared in lab.
• Souviranjana:- Bihar
• Strotonjana:- Bihar, Mysore, Andhra, Jammu,
Nepal, Burma, Afagan, etc
• Nilanjana:- Bihar, Kashmir, Burma
• Pushpanjana:- artificially in lab
• Rasanjana:- in J&K these trees are available
BHOTIKA GUNA & SWAROOPA
• Soviranjana:- combination of Antimony and
Sulphur. After rubbing it looks like ink colour

• Stotonjana:- combination of Antimony and


Sulphur. It is Shikharakar, nilavarna, after rubing
looks like Gairika varna

• Nilanjana:- combination of Lead and


Sulphur.nilavarna, heavy, shiny
Contd….
• Pushpanjana:- combination of Zinc and O2.
shweta, atimasruna, shlakshna, churna like

• Rasanjana:- it is contraversial. Vanaspatik


dravya. Irritating smell. Black colour. After
dissolve in water it becomes Pita varna.
USES
• Souviranjana:- aushadhopayogi
• Stotonjana:- fire works, lightning
• Nilanjana:- Dhatikarmapayogi
• Pushpanjana:- vrana and twak roga nashaka
• Rasanjana:- vrana nashaka, vrana shodhaka,
netra roga
SHODHANA
• Samanya shodhana is same for all types of
anjanas:-
 Bhringraja swarasa bhavana – 7 times
VISHESHA SHODHANA
• Souviranjana & strotonjana:-
pottali

Triphala kwath/ Bhringaraj swarasa

3 hrs swedana
Contd….
• Nilanjana
Jambir swarasa bhavana – 8 hrs
• Rasanjana
• Suryavartadi yoga bhavana – 3 times
YOGAS
• Rasanjana:- Ashok ghrita, Chandanadi churna,
Pushkar leha, Rasashardula,Netrashani rasa
• Souviranjana:- Timiraharanjana, Shighraprabhava
rasa
• Strotonjana:- Chandabhairava rasa,
Rasendramangala rasa
• Pushpanjana:- Churnanjana
• Nilanjana:- Vadavanala rasa, Vatanashano rasa,
Rasendra varti, Shulwadi varti
ARTIFICIAL PREPARATION
• Rasanjana:-
Daruharidra kashtha( yavakuta)

Add water and make kwath

Filter it

Add goat milk

Agni

Spred in flat pan and dry in sunlight

It is black pind like


Pushpanjana nirman vidhi
• It is zinc oxide
Take Yashada in pan

Heat

Blooming like flower


Its MP is 419 C and BP is 930 C
OTHER TYPES
• Anjana tritaya:-
It is combination of strotonjana,Soviranjana
and Pushpanjana. It is useful in
Netrabhishandya.
• Tuhinanjana/ Shita anjana:-
Combination of Sora, Karpura and
Sh.Souviranjana. It is helpful in Kandu, Daha,
Stravyukta netra,etc.
YELLOW OXIDE OF MERCURY
Keep mercury in Musha

Don’t seal

Heat

Parada will react with Oxygen and yellow layer


will form on surface
2nd method
Mix Mercuric chloride and Costi soda

Yellow oxide settle down at bottom

Wash this residue with cold water 4-5 times

Dried in shade
• Timiraharanjana:-
Sh.Naga

Give tivra agni and melt it

Add sh.Parada in that melted Naga

Immiditely traturate that mishrana

Add Souviranjana

Again triturate for 7 days

After 7 days add Bhimseni ( Karpura )

Mix it properly
CONTROVERSY
• Rasanjana:-
1. On the basis of scintific analysis many author
told rasanjana is bhramaka.
2. According to Prof. D.A.Kulakarni and Dr.
Vaman Desai Yellow oxide of Mercury is
Rasanjana. Beacause if we see the synonyms
of Rasanjana, all are related with Parada. Like
Rasagraja, Rasodbhava,Rasagarbha,etc
Contd….
3. According to Yadavaji Maharaj, rasanjana is
Darvikwath ghana. Beacause in rasashastra
there are many drugs related with herbal and
animal origin. Like kankushtha,
Kampillak,Moti, Praval,etc. yellow oxide of
Mercury is for Bahyaprayoga. But in Chraka
samhita ref is for abhyantara prayoga. That is
Daruharidra kwath.
Contd….
4. At the time of Dalhana, some acharya
consider Rasanjana is Rasout or Krishna
pashan dhatu dravya. And also consider
rasanjana is paryaya os Strotonjana.
Contd….
• Pushpanjana controversy:-
1. Some author consider it is Zinc oxide which is
white in colour.
2. Some consider it is Antimony oxide SB2O3
3. According to Ayurveda Prakash it is Ritikitta
4. R.R.S. says according to Pushpanjana name
may be it is extact of flower.
Contd….
5. It is nector or extract of flower which is
available in Kashmir. It is called Kashmir
Madhu.
6. According to Atreya samhita it is extract of
Kamal pushpa. It is called Padma madhu.
7. Pushpa kasisa is also consider pushpanjana.
Beacause Pushpa kasisa synonyms are nayan
aushadha, netraaushadha etc.
Contd….
8. Acc to Ayu Pra. It is Ritikitta. Riti means Pittala
( Brass).it is alloy of Copper and Zinc.
9. The roasted Sphatika ( Alum ) mens Sphatika
laja is also consider as Pushpanjana.
Contd….
• However it is difficult to identify singla
material is Pushpanjana. If nector or extract of
flower is exluded, though it is not mineral then
pushpanjana could be either dehydrated
ferrous sulphate, dehydrated alum or may be
zinc oxide.
COMPLICATIONS
• Mostly it is safe to use
• But there are some ref to use internally also
• Stotonjana is a Khanija of Naga dhatu. So it
acts like Grahi. If we take continous sevana of
it, then it sticks in to intestines.
• It results in to uterine contraction and overian
contraction in pregnant ladies.
MODERN VIEW
• Stibnite/ Antimony glance/ gray Antimony:-
 Chemical compo- Sb3S3
 Crystal form- orthrohombic, usually prismatic
 Form- elongated, bladed crystals, brittle,
 Colour- lead gray with bluish tinge,silvery
white
 Lustre- metallic
 Hardness- 2
 Sp grvty- 4.5
Contd….
• Galena/ lead glance/ blue lead:-
 Chem comp- PbS
 Crystal form- cubic
 Colour- lead gray with bluish tinge
 Hardness- 2.5
 Sp gr- 7.4 to 7.6
SUMMARY

• By seeing all these, we come to know that

Anjana is very useful in various conditions

• Better to keep aside the controversy and

concentrate on the proper usage


Conclusion

• Though Anjana has the reference since

Samhita Kala, its controversy still persists

• Modern sophisticated techniques can be

adopted to solve the controversy


IMAGES
REFERENCES
• Charaka samhita
• Sushruta samhita
• Ashtanga hridaya
• Rasashastra compiled books
• www.scribd.com
• www.wikipedia.com
• www.googleimeges.com

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