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 An introduction to Zad al-
 Mustaqni‘
 
 
 2An Introduction to Zad al Mustaqni
’
 
Lesson 00 -- introduction
An introduction to Zad al-
Mustaqni‗
 
(A0) Author’s
Introduction
ُخ ُخ خ ٔ ؤ س د ١ؤ ،  خ  خ. ٥ٝخ ١ؤ  ٔ خ ٜسظ  زدمٜؤ آ . كـخُخ  خ   ،ؤ ؤ خ دخ   خ  ُٝع خٍ ز دؤ خ ٌ ؛ع ؽ  د ضِ خ َد جدٕ  طٍ دَ ،ؤ رٍضُؽ  خَخ   ص٥سؽخ ذدسٔخ ،ضُٝ. ف ُٜ   د ٥عخ.خ  ٕ  ،دز     .
In the name of Allah, Most Merciful and Compassionate.Praise to Allah, a praise never depleting the best of what He should be praised. Allah bless and givepeace to the best of all chosen, Muhammad, and upon his folk, Companions (Allah be Allah be wellpleased with them), and whoever worships (b: Allah Most High).To commence:
This is a summary of fiqh from the Muqni‘ of Imam al
-Muwaffaq, Abu Muhammad (b: `Abd Allah binAhmad bin Muhammad bin Qudama al-Maqdasi; may Allah immerse him in His mercy and give back tous from his blessings) following one opinion: the most superior in the mathab of Ahmad (b: bin Hanbalal-
Shaybani). I have hopefully removed issues (masa‘il) that rarely occur
and I have added what isrelied upon, since aspirations have lowered and reasons which preoccupy from reaching the goal arenumerous. In spite of its small size, what it does include frees need of lengthiness.There is no change or power save through Allah. He is our sufficiency and best to rely upon.
 
 3An Introduction to Zad al Mustaqni
’
 
(A1) Translator’s Introduction
 
(m: The great Hanbali scholar Imam Muwaffiq Al-Din Ibn Qudammah Al-Maqdisi developed a programtaking students from the very beginning of their studies to the very end: from having no specializedknowledge in the fiqh to being a mujtahid. His program consisted of a series of books, moving thestudent toward the grand goal in stages.The first book is Al-`Umdah, a basic manual of fiqh for beginners. It covers the basic rulings that everyHanbali needs. The book gave only the predominant opinion for each position. While Al-Muwaffiq didnot concentrate on evidence, he did tend to begin each section with a hadith that the student can usefor figuring out many of the unmentioned branch issues.The second book is Al-Muqni`, which added to the above by mentioning different opinions for a givenissue without telling the student which is the predominant opinion, and by adding some additionalbranch issues.The third book is Al-Kafi, which introduces evidence for the positions in the mathab.The fourth book is Raudhat Al-Nathir, a book in usul al-fiqh. It is a condensed version of Imam Al-
Ghazali‘s Al
-Mustasfa, but instead of championing the Shafi`i usul it champions the Hanbali.The fifth and final book is Al-Mughni, which builds on the previous works by adding opinions from theother mathabs from the Companions and early Imams (Allah be well pleased with them) whether stillfollowed or extinct, the opinions within the mathab with a particular emphasis on what is transmittedfrom the Imam, the evidence for all of these various positions, and then a defense of the predominant
position in Ibn Qudammah‘s opinion. The book is also full of minute branch issues.
* * *So, this was the program that Al-Muwaffiq set down, and these are some of the many books he
authored. In today‘s circumstances it is very easy to scoff at his a program and consider it far fetched,
but it did indeed produce a good number of Hanbali mujtahids, and his final book Al-Mughni has beenpraised by Hanbalis and non-Hanbalis alike; it an Imam Al-
Nawawi‘s Al
-Majmu`a are two of the moreessential books of fiqh muqarin. The Shafi`i mujtahid imam Al-`Izz bin `Abd Al-Salam held back fromgiving verdicts until obtaining a copy of Al-Mughni.The mathab did not end with Ibn Qudammah, and some opinions on rulings have changed. One of thelater scholars, `Ali Al-
Hijawi, took Ibn Qudammah‘s Al
-Muqni` and reduced it to the predominantposition in the mathab, removed extraneous issues, and added some things that were necessary. Hisbook is known as Zad Al-Mustaqni`; it was greatly accepted, and some scholars said that whoever hasmemorized Al-Zad is fit to be a judge. While the book is indeed short, it gives the basics for theHanbali mathab, including some things not even found in books twice its length. Later on Al-Bahuti wrotea commentary on the text titled Al-Raud Al-Murbi`, which added explanations, evidence, ta`lil, andsome additional rulings. Today Al-Raud is the more popular teaching manual in the Gulf area, whileNail Al-
Ma‘arib is preferred in Sham.
And this is how we arrive our text here: a translation of Zad Al-Mustaqni` with additional notes takenfrom Al-Raud Al-Murbi` and other sources.* * *
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