RESEARCHNPUBLICDMINISTRATION

Editor:JAMES.PERRY

School fPublicand EnvironmentalffairsI ndi na University, Ioomingto

VOLUMEo1993

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(AilfAlPREssNc.

Creenwich,Connecticut\-/London,England

Copyrighr@gg3JAIPRESS1NC55OldPosrRoad'No'2Geenwich,Connecticut0686JAIPRESSLTD.TheCourtYard28HighSteetHamptonHill,MiddlesexTW12IPDEnglandAllrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduc-ed''ti'd:","::-'::::::--',--system,ortransmittedinanyformorbyanymeans'.electronic'mechanical'pholocopyng'Jilming,recordingorotherwisewithoutpriorpermissioninwritingfromthepublisher'ISBN:l-55938'433-6ManufacruredntheIlnitedStatesfAmerica

CONTENTS

LISTFCONTRIBUTORSEDITORIALTATEMENTJames. PerryREPRESENTATIVEUREAUCRACY:A THEORETICALND EMPIRICALXPOSITIONKenneth.MeierACCOUNTABILITYNDTHECENTRALITYFEXPECTATIONSNAMERICANUBLIC DMINISTRATIONMelvin. Dubnick nd Barbara .RomzekAPPLYINGATIONALHOICE ONTRIBUTIONSOMULTIORCANIZATIONALOLICYMPLEMENTATIONLaurence.O'Toole,r.TOWARDSTHEORYF COALAMBICUITYINPUBLICRCANIZATIONSHalC.RaineyUNDERSTANINCSTRATECICTRANSFORMATIONSNPUBLIC RCANIZATIONSRegina/dhareefCOMPARINCIVILSERVICEYSTEMSHansBekke,ames.Perry,ndTheoToonenINTECRATINCOCALARTICIPATIONNDINSTITUTIONALEVELOPMENT:ATRANSACTIONOSTPERSPECTIVEShuiYanTangMANACEMENTRAININcNDEVELOPINcNATIONS:CRITIQUEFSTRATEGIESoRMPROVEMENTBarryozeman

vll

3779121167191213235

ACCOUNTABILITYNDTHECENTRALITYFEXPECTATIONSNAMERICANPUBLICADMINISTRATION

Melvin.DubnickndBarbara.Romzek

ABSTRACT

Thispaper offersthe foundationsfora middle-rangetheoryofpublicadministrationbasedon thecentralityofexpectationsandtherecognitionofindividual,organizational,andinstitutionalmeansforcoping withthem.Thepaper explorestherelevanceandroots ofexpectationsasthe centralconceptin developingsuchatheoryandpresentsa briefoverviewofthe sourcesof expectations.A moredetaileddiscussionollowsof severalkey characteristicsfexpectationsandtheirrelation toongoingissuesin thestudyofAmericanpublicadministration.Theprimaryquestionfor constructingamiddle-rangetheory basedonexpectationss howtheyare "handled"onindividual,organizational,and institutionallevels.Thisframeworksetshe stagefor the developmentoftestablepropositionswhichaddresshatquestionand facilitatethe theory-buildingprocess.

Research nPublicAdministration,Volume 2,pages 37-78.Copyright@1993by JAIPress nc.All rights of reproductionin anyformreserved.ISBN: l-55938-433-6