Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Μελέτη για την ανάπτυξη των μικρομεσαίων επιχειρήσεων στην Ελλάδα
Μελέτη για την ανάπτυξη των μικρομεσαίων επιχειρήσεων στην Ελλάδα
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12/09/2014 11:23 ..
2014
2014
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www.synthesi-print.gr, info@synthesi-print.gr
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20.5 x 29, : 64
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23, , .: 210 34 66 310
....................................................................................................................5
.........................................................................................................................7
1: :
.................................................................................9
1.1. ......................................... 9
1.2.
2013 (SME Review)............................................................................ 10
2: :
SBA Fact Sheet for Greece:...................................................................................13
2.1.
2.2.
2.3.
2012- 2013.......... 13
SBA
...................................................................................... 17
- (GAPS)............................... 19
2.3.1. .................................................................................... 19
2.3.2. ................................................... 19
2.3.3. ....................................................... 20
2.3.4. ............................................. 20
2.3.5. ........................................................................................ 20
2.3.6. ............................................................................................ 20
2.3.7. ......................................................................... 21
2.3.8. .............................................................................................. 21
2.3.9. ........................................................................................... 21
3: .....................................................................23
3.1.
3.2.
3.3.
................................. 24
,
.................................................................................................. 24
................................................................. 26
3.3.1. : .................................. 27
3.3.2. : ................. 31
3.3.3. : .................................................... 36
............................................................................................................45
1: ,
..... 45
2: .......... 49
3:
.................................. 50
1.
:
.................................................................... 51
2.
(Under Shared Management)............................................................... 52
4: 12
.......................................................................................... 59
5:
.............................................................. 60
,
(TFGR)
.
2021
,
(. 1).
,
. / .
Small Business Action (SBA) ( )
. SBA ex ante
.
(, KEEE, , ).
.
. 2013,
, .
(High Tech).
SBA,
.
, .
(
4072, .., )
. SBA Fact Sheet 2012-2013,
(, )
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), (
) (
). , SBA Fact Sheet
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1.1.
.
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- 1:
-
(SBA) .
, SBA 10
.. 2:
2011 SBA o . SBA
1. : , 2020,
(Small Business Act -SBA), O
(SME envoy) .
2. http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/policies/sme/small-business-act/index_en.htm
, 20203:
,
.
,
(SME Review).
1.2.
2013 (SME Review)
H SME Review
-:
,
, , , ,
,
.
10
3. : (smart regulation) ,
,
, ,
http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/policies/sme/small-business-act/files/sba_review_en.pdf
4. http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/policies/sme/facts-figures-analysis/performance-review/files/supportingdocuments/2013/annual-report-smes-2013_en.pdf
8,6 .
2012, ,
17, (14 )
(13,2 ).
2008-2012 ,
,
.
2012
.
,
.
. , ,
,
. 27 2012, 0,5 . .
(High Tech) , 2008
2012.5
. SME Review 2008. ,
SME Review, SBA,
, ,
.6
.
, 2008,
(SBA). SBA
,
. 2010-2012, 2.400 . ,
SBA . ,
SBA
.
. , SBA
.
5. http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/policies/sme/facts-figures-analysis/performance-review/files/supportingdocuments/2013/annual-report-smes-2013_en.pdf
6. http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/policies/sme/facts-figures-analysis/performance-review/files/supportingdocuments/2013/summary-paper_en.pdf
11
1. 7
SBA
SBA
&
.
, ,
,
, ,
.
12
7. http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/policies/sme/facts-figures-analysis/performance-review/files/supportingdocuments/2013/summary-paper_en.pdf
SBA
Fact Sheet for Greece8:
.
85 %
, 50%
(0-9 ), ,
,
.
2.1.
2012- 20139
.. , , ,
, 10 (. 2 1-3) . /
.
8. http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/policies/sme/facts-figures-analysis/performance-review/files/countriessheets/2013/greece_en.pdf
9. http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/policies/sme/facts-figures-analysis/performance-review/files/countriessheets/2013/greece_en.pdf
10. SME Performance Review 2013 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/policies/sme/
facts-figures-analysis/performance-review/index_en.htm
13
2: . (27)
2010-201311
2010/2011
2012
201312
745 677
727 883
531 059
. (mil)
55 000
47 000
34 000
2 150 438
1 998 453
1 426 840
E (27)
2010/2011
2012
2013
770 973
753 920
763 486
. (mil)
126 186
125 755
127 036
3 239 916
3 215 360
3 225 641
VS E 27
2011
2012
GR
745 677
727 883
531 059
27
770 973
753 920
763 486
(mil ) GR
55 000
47 000
34 000
(mil )
27
126 186
125 755
127 036
GR
2 150 438
1 998 453
1 426 840
27
3 239 916
3 215 360
3 225 641
2013
1-3: . (27)
,
2010-2013
Greece VS EU 27 Average
900 000
800 000
700 000
600 000
500 000
400 000
300 000
200 000
100 000
0
2009
2010
2011
Enterprises EU 27 Average
14
2012
2013
Enterprises GR
Greece VS EU 27 Average
3 500 000
3 000 000
2 500 000
2 000 000
1 500 000
1 000 000
500 000
0
2010
2011
Number of persons employed
EU 27 Average
2012
2013
Greece VS EU 27 Average
140 000
120 000
100 000
80 000
60 000
40 000
20 000
0
2010
2011
Gross Value Added (million )
EU 27 Average
2012
2013
,
, 2005.
,
. ,
, , . ( , )
15
,
,
30%.
, 2008-2012. : -11,1% (2010), -28,5%
(2011) -36,7% (2012). , (
) -29,2% (2010), -28,1% (2011), -26,1% (2012) -19,0%
(2013). ,
( : -19%, -35%) ( : -20%, -33%).
, . ,
/ (.. , , ) / .
, ,
2009.
. ,
2008-2012, 20%, 10%. ,
2009-12, ( : -8 % -14 %)
( : -6 % -16 %).
,
.
,
:
, . ,
. (
), , , , ,
, .
,
35% . ,
.
,
130.000 2008. , 2008-2014 23,8%13
.
2011-2012 (-, - -
16
13. . 2014.
-) (
- -)14.
86,2% >5%,
68,2% , 87,9% 75,3% .
, 2013-2014
.
,
.
,
, , ,
.
, ,
, . ,
.
, ,
, .
,
SBA Fact Sheet for Greece,
. ,
2009,
.
2.2. SBA
SBA fact sheet 2013, 10
SBA ( ) .. - .
, SBA ,
( ) .
,
SBA.
.
14. ... ,
(, , ) .
17
4: 15
+_ 0,5
1.
1.0
10.
0.8
2.
0.6
9.
0.2
3.
0.0
4.
8.
7.
6.
5.
18
2.3. - (GAPS)
(SBA)
. SBA Fact Sheet
(2013), .
( 2008-2013)
5: 16
,
15%
10%
5%
10
1 2
0%
-5%
-10%
,
-2,5%
-1,5%
-0,5%
,
0,5%
1,5%
-15%
2,5%
( , , .. = 0)
1. E
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
:
,
9 .
,
0%
.
2.3.1.
,
(.
), .
,
.
2.3.2.
, ,
.
.
16 . SBA fact sheet for Greece 2013 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/policies/sme/facts-figures-analysis/
performance-review/files/countries-sheets/2013/greece_en.pdf
19
2.3.3.
,
: (11,8%
4,6% ),
(910 343 )
.
2.3.4.
,
, ,
. , (2011: 66 , 2012: 114 )
.
2.3.5.
,
.
,
.
. : ,
. ,
SBA, . ,
.
,
(104 52),
(5,9% 3%), . ,
.
2.3.6.
,
, . ,
,
. , ,
,
: (8%
), (6%), (5%) (4%).
20
2.3.7.
, .
,
, ,
. ,
, .
,
2006, , 2013
, . ,
2010
.
2.3.8.
, . ,
. ,
. ,
,
.
2.3.9.
,
. ,
15 19 ,
11 . , . ,
( )
.
, : (11% ), (8%), (6%), (6%), (5%),
, .. (4%).
, , (19% 2013),
,
, ,
4% 2013.
21
,
,
. , ,
,
, ,
.
22
,
, : .
, , ,
(, , )
. ,
, ,
.
, , .
,
: 1. , 2. , , 3.
.
.
.
H :
ultra-
23
, 17 .
3.1.
, , . H
, .
,
, .
,
,
2012-201318: The role of SMEs is
crucial for the European economic recovery - their number, employment capacity and value
added constitute a large share of the European economy. Providing the right conditions in which
SMEs can flourish is paramount for ensuring a sustained recovery and achieving prosperity for
all EU citizens. ,
,
, ,
2009 ,
.
, :
,
.
.
3.2. ,
, .
,
,
. : .
, .
,
24
17. . 5:
18. : http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/policies/sme/facts-figures-analysis/performance-review/
files/supporting-documents/2013/annual-report-smes-2013_en.pdf
. .
ex-ante
. ,
:
(SBA)
,
(Small Business Act - SBA)
.
SBA ,
.
.
.
(SME Envoy)
(SME Envoy) : . , . o
, . SBA,
. SME
Envoy,
,
.
,
, , .
SBA
,
, .
, ,
.
SME Test
SME Test
.
,
(4048/2012).
SME Test, 19:
19. http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/policies/sme/small-business-act/sme-test/
25
1. .
.
2.
.
3. (cost/benefit analysis).
4. .
,
20.
3.3.
, . , (3)
(11) .
(Small Business
Act - SBA), , .
SBA (.. )
.
2014-2020, .
:
:
1.
2.
3.
:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
clustering
:
1.
2.
3.
SBA => => . , -
26
20. http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/policies/sme/small-business-act/sme-test/#h2-1
SBA,
, , . ,
, .
.
3.3.1. :
. , ,
,
. SBA21 ,
,
. , ,
, ,
.
.1.
.1.1. SBA
SBA
, :
,
.1.2.
. , ,
, , .
(11) (2000-2011),
, . ,
. , 21. http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/policies/sme/small-business-act/files/sba_review_en.pdf
27
1 2015.
,
.
.
,
.
.1.3.
, .
. , . ,
, , ,
,
.
1. .
2. , , ,
, .
3. ( )
.
4. ,
(
), ,
.
5. .
.
6. , ,
,
.
7.
( ),
, ..
28
8. .
.2.
.2.1. SBA
,
,
, . :
.
.
.
.
.2.2.
.
, , , , . ,
,
- .
. ,
22,
,
, , , .
.2.3.
:
1. x-ray scanners
.
2.
( ).
3. , - (,
, , ).
4. , .
:
22. http://www.imegsevee.gr/attachments/article/561/meleti_antagonismou.pdf
29
,
, , , ex-ante , ,
(competitiveness test)
,
, ,
5. , ,
.3.
.3.1. SBA
. ,
, SBA
. , 10 , . 3
, .
.3.2.
SBA Fact Sheet,
,
. : .
, .
, -
.
.
.3.3.
:
1. , / .
2. , :
30
)
.
. ,
, , ,
. ,
.
3. /
.
4. ,
.
,
.
5. .
6. .
3.3.2. :
,
.
. ,
.
, ,
.
, , ,
,
. , ,
,
, .
, , ,
. .
.1.
.1.1. SBA
. ,
SBA,
,
31
. , ,
,
(clusters).
.1.2.
SBA Fact Sheet,
. ,
. ,
( ),
. ,
. (clusters),
,
,
.
.1.3.
:
1. .
: , , , -
, .
2. , .
3. ( mentoring),
/
.
4. ,
.
.
32
.2.
.2.1. SBA
. SBA, , , , . ,
VIII,
. ,
,
.
,
SBA. ,
,
, ,
. , ,
, .
.2.2.
,
SBA Fact Sheet
, European Innovation
Scoreboard23 3 4
moderate innovators,
, 24.
,
, . ,
,
, ,
- .
.2.3.
:
1. clusters ,
.
23. http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/policies/innovation/files/ius-2013_en.pdf
24. http://www.weforum.org/reports/global-competitiveness-report-2013-2014
33
2.
. , , .
.
3.
. ,
(..
, - ).
, ,
.
.3. -
.3.1. SBA
,
VIII. , ,
, .
.3.2.
SBA Fact Sheet,
.
, ,
,
. , , , . ,
/ .
.3.3.
- :
34
1. . ,
- , . , , .
(, , )
.
2. . . . (, ,
, ) .
3. / . . .
dual vocational system, activity learning,
community of practice. : - . .
.
4. ,
. . , e-learning (learning management
systems) .
5. .
.4.
.4.1. SBA
SBA ,
:
VII
. SBA
,
.
,
,
.
.4.2.
, ,
, , .
,
35
, .
,
. ,
,
- . , Enterprise
Europe Network
, (
),
2013.
.4.3.
:
1. Enterprise Greece . ( , .)
, ,
brand name. .
2. trade
financing.
3.
, ,
()
. ,
(single window) &
()
(
, ).
4. ( K- )
..
5.
3.3.3. :
36
,
, . , .
.1.
.1.1. SBA
, SBA,
.
.1.2.
,
, , . ,
, .
.
.1.3.
:
1. , .
2. .
, 1/1/2009 .
3.
:
1. ,
, .
2. , , ,
.
3.
1 , ,
, , , .
4. .
5.
( universal health
coverage )
37
.2.
.2.1. SBA
: . . .
SBA,
,
.
.2.2.
. ,
,
,
. ,
Global
Competitiveness Report,
, .
.2.3.
:
A.
1. (e-invoicing)
(
).
2. , ,
3. .
B.
4. . ,
benchmarking .
5. ,
,
.
38
.3
.3.1. SBA
H SBA
, , ,
.
100.000 1 ., , .
, ( 10 ) ,
100.000.
(2) (3).
.3.2.
.3.2.1.
, .
. , ,
25
:
: -5,3% 2013 201426.
. 27, 2%,
.
28 SBA 2013, 34% ,
27% .
,
.
4 .
35%, 200829.
35%30
, 2014,
25. 2013,
26. , 29/04/2014 : 2014
27. , 06/05/2014 : 2014
28. 2013 European Commission SBA greece_en.pdf
29. - 20/05/2014
30.
39
. , ,
.
2014 62 31: 59
3
. 76,5 2009,
134%32.
,
, / (. .3.2.2 3)
.
.3.2.2
,
. , 2008 (Financial engineering instruments -FEI)
, ( ),
() (EIF). ,
FEI ,
. ,
.
, 18
FEI ME, 30%
201433, 2015.
SBA 2013, 34%
, 22% .
,
: 6.4%
2007-2013, 22%
. 0,7% EAFRD34
, 12% .
40
31. , 2014,
32. , , 2014, http://www.bankofgreece.gr/Bog
Ekdoseis/sdos201403-04.pdf
33.
34.
,
FEI, ,
, EIF.
, .
.
,
,
FEI
.
,
,
, .
,
,
. ,
. , . ,
. /
. ,
,
. , ,
. ,
, .
,
(7), EU Research Funding: Whos
to Benefit? ( : ;)
,
.
.3.2.3
, .
35 SBA 2013,
,
: 2012
35. 2013 European Commission SBA greece_en.pdf
41
104 , 52
( ) 5,9%
, 3,3% .
.3.3
36.
1. , ,
37.
2. 2014-2020, , , .
/
,
, ,
, , .
.
, .
3. ,
.
4.
.
5. , .
,
.
42
36. 2013,
37. , 200 . ,
300 ., 600 . 2015. 80 .
258 . JESSICA, 50 . JEREMIE ICT
2015.., ,
3,5 ( 5,8 ) , ,
FEI.
(
, , ). , , ,
.
6. , , ,
,
.
7. FEI
ESPA.gr, .
8. , (
, , ) .
9.
( IfG)
. , ,
, . IfG ,
.
10. (.. seed funding, crowd funding
p2p lending).
11. ,
,
.
:
.
.
. .
, . ,
() ,
. , ,
.
. ,
(.. Enterprise Europe Network ).
43
1
,
1.
2.
3.
.3.3.2.
( )
.3.3.2.
( , ,
, )
.3.3.3
.3.3.4
.3.3.5
.1.3.1
.1.3.4
, .
.2.3.1
,
.
.2.3.2
.2.3.1
-
*
.2.3.2
.2.3.4
.2.3.5
. HCC
)
( ), ) ,
.
.2.3.6
45
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
46
.2.3.5
.4.3.1
Enterprise
Greece,
.4.3.2
.4.3.3
.4.3.4
( )
.
.1.3.1
.1.3.2
(, )
.1.3.3
.1.3.4
,
.
.1.3.5
.1.3.6
.1.3.7
,
()
.1.3.8
.1.3.3
.2.3.1
(clusters)
B.2.3.2
.2.3.3
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
.3.3.1
, .
.2.3.3
.1.3.2
(- )
,
.3.3.1
.3.3.2
.3.3.3
.3.3.4
.2.3.1
-
*
.2.3.2
.1.3.1
.1.3.2
.1.3.3
.1.3.4
.1.3.5
47
.3.3.1
, ,
.3.3.2
2014-2020
.
.
.3.3.3
.3.3.4
.3.3.5
.3.3.6
, , ,
.3.3.7
,
.gr,
.3.3.8
(
, ,
-)
.3.3.9
( IfG),
.3.3.10
(.. (seed funding), (crowd funding),
.3.3.11
,
,
.3.3.11
.3.3.11
(.. )
: * :
48
1. 2020
2. -
3. COSME ( )
4. ICT (ICT-PSP)
5. LIFE
6.
7. (ERDF)
8. (ESF)
9. (CF)
10. (EAFRD)
11. (EMFF)
12.
49
1. :
.......................................................................................... 51
. Horizon 2020:..................................................................................................... 51
. COSME................................................................................................................ 51
.
........................................................................................... 52
. LIFE:..................................................................................................................... 52
. EUREKA............................................................................................................... 52
2.
(Under Shared Management):..................................................................................... 52
. ()...................................... 52
. ()................................................................. 54
. (Cohesion Fund).................................................................... 55
. ()............................ 56
. () ........................... 57
. ............................. 57
.
(OPs).......................................................................................... 58
50
1. :
. Horizon 20201
Horizon 2020
2014-2020 80 .
Horizon 2020 11
2013.
.
. .
Horizon 2020, : TheResearch for the
benefit of SMEs2:
FP7
. .
(
).
(
).
. COSME4
COSME
() 2014-2020 2,3 . COSME
:
()
1. http://ec.europa.eu/programmes/horizon2020/
2. http://ec.europa.eu/rea/funding_opportunities/sme/index_en.htm
3. http://ec.europa.eu/energy/intelligent/about/funding-areas/index_en.htm
4. http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/initiatives/cosme/index_en.htm
51
.
5
ICT
, , .
ICT .
ICT
.
, :
ICT , ,
.
ICT .
. LIFE6
LIFE .
LIFE , .
LIFE 2020,
.
. EUREKA7
To 2020
.
2.
(Under Shared
Management)
. ,
(), (), ().
. ()
, .
52
5. http://ec.europa.eu/cip/ict-psp/index_en.htm
6. http://ec.europa.eu/environment/life/funding/lifeplus.htm
7. http://www.eurekanetwork.org/
2007-2013 201
347 ., 58%
.
2014-2020,
, (priorities4).
,
:
1. , .
2. , ().
3. .
4. .
5. .
:
,
,
().
, .
, ;
(R&I)
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