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Omar Mack Mr. BoyteIB Theory of KnowledgeCreation and Destruction MythsCreation Myths1.Middle Eastern mythology (Judaic, Christian, Islamic)
A.
Babylonian: In the beginning there was Apsu (sky god) and Tiamat (chaosgoddess). Their union is the basis of all other gods, who grew restless and choseMarduk as their champion, who slew Tiamat and her lover Kingu.
B.
Biblical: Genesisa.First day – God created the heavens and the earth; light-divided light fromdarkness (day and night) b.Second day – “vault…divided the waters above the vault from…under”—“heaven”c.Third day – dry land and waters-“earth” and “seas”~vegetationd.Fourth day – sun and moon (indicate festivals, days and years)e.Fifth day – sea creatures and winged creaturesf.Sixth day – living creatures~male and femaleg.Seventh day – He restedI.Second account: Yahweh God “fashioned a man out of the dustfrom the soil…breathed life into his nostrils”i.Eden (“in the east”)a.Every kind of tree; “life” and “knowledge of goodand evil” in the middle b.River divided into four streams1.Pishon: encircles the whole land of Havilahand there is gold2.Gihon: encircles the land of Cush3.Tigris4.Euphratesii.“…of the tree of knowledge…you are not to eat…you shallmost surely die.”a.Creation of woman: put the man into a deep sleep…took one of the ribs and enclosed it in flesh1.“This at last is bone from my bonesand flesh from my flesh;This is to be called womanfor this was taken from man.”C.Talmudic (Jewish): first word of God was “baruch,” meaning “blessed”
a.
1
st
day – created heavens and earth; threw a stone into the great void which became the core of the Earth
 b.
2
nd
day – created angels
c.
3
rd
day – plants and Gan Eden
d.
4
th
day – sun, moon, stars
e.
5
th
day – the sea creatures and birds
f.
6
th
day – beasts and human beings
 
I.Man made from soil from the four corners of the worldg.Samael (“venom of God”), aka Satan; God cast him and his followers intoHellh.Lillith – first woman; arroganti.Eve – “good” womanD.Notes on the serpent, water, and the treea.Serpent – phallic symbol; “wise” b.Water – baptism creates a “new being;” essential to lifec.Tree – immortality; wisdomE.Irana.Ormazd is the Wise LordI.The enemy of creation is Ahriman, the source of all suffering, sinand death b.Ormazd began by casting a pure light into the abyss that separated himfrom AhrimanI.Ahriman declared war on creationi.Ormazd recited a sacred verse which causes Ahriman tofall into hell and remain there for 3,000 years; Ormazdcontinues creationc.Eternal Attendants (Immortals)I.Personification of the principles of goodi.Vohu Mana (good mind)ii.Asha (truth)iii.Sraosha (obedience)iv.Armaiti (devotion)v.The twins Haurvetat (integrity) and Ameritat (immortality)vi.Collectively god “the children of God”d.The Yazatas (angels)I.Serve Ormazd as messengers and warriors against evile.He has no body, however he has a male and female aspect (Father andMother)f.Gayomart (the first man) and his oxI.Gayomart shone like the sun while his ox, the moonII.Lived for thirty year (at the end of which Ahriman was releasedfrom hell…)g.Ahriman created…:I.DemonsII.FliesIII.GermsIV.DiseaseV.VerminVI.“Lord of the flies”h.Johi (attendant to Ahriman)I.Volunteered to make Gayomart suffer and dieII.Personification of all feminine evil
i.
Source of prostitution, vanity, gossip, naggingIII.Gave the ox a disease; the Wise Lord gave it marijuana to ease the pain; ox dies
 
IV.Gayomart diesi.Decomposed body deposits gold and silver in the earthii.Sperm formed a tiny plant from which sprang a great treethat bore 10 races of mankinda.Tree separated to produce Mashya (man) andMashyane (woman)i.Mashya and Mashyane told themselves that Ahriman created themI.First liei.First sin of manii.Ormazd told them they would have to work for a living andhave sex to perpetuate their kindiii.Ahriman and Johi took the couple’s sexual desire for fiftyyears
iv.
When they (eventually) had children, the demons ate them but the Wise Lord saved humankind by taking some of thesweetness of the children (became the children of today)2.Hindu mythologyA.“There was nothing” – one arose through the power of hear B.“The thoughts of Brahma” – created and recreated the world many timesa.Four yugas (ages) make one kalpa (eon). At the end of each kalpa, thecreation is destroyed and starts all over again. b.Beings were born from his mindI.Body of darkness – out of his rectum came a wind – demons born.He discarded this body and it became the nightII.Body of light – out of his mouth came devas (shining gods). This body became dayIII.Body of satva (goodness) – ancestor spiritsIV.Fourth body – from his thoughts, humans were created. This body became the moonV.Body of energy and darkness – horrible creatures that wanted todevour the primordial sea of chaos (ogres)VI.His hair falls out in disturbance, which creates all the creatures thatcrawl on their bellies, i.e. snakes and other reptilesC.“Brahma is lonely” – yearned for company so created man and woman3.Norse mythologyA.No heaven, no earth, only an abyss in an atmosphere of mist, out of which was afountain from which 12 rivers flowed out and as they traveled, they froze.B.South of the mist was a world of light
a.
A warm wind from the south melted the ice and became clouds, whichformed the frost giant Ymir and his cow Audhumbla. b.As the ice melted, Audhumbla lick the exposed ice, under which was a buried man.I.First day – hair exposedII.Second day – whole head and shouldersIII.Third day – entire body free of iceIV.This man became the first god, the father of Odin, Vili, and Ve
c.
The three younger gods slew Ymir and his salty blood (he was nourished by his cow who licked the salt from the ice) flowed out to create the seas.
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