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From Nikhil Soni
CENTRAL GROUND WATER BOARD
MINISTRY OF WATER RESOURCES
GUIDEONARTIFICIAL RECHARGETOGROUND WATER
NEW DELHIMAY, 2000
GUIDE ON ARTIFICIAL RECHARGETOGROUND WATERCONTENTS
Page No.
1. INTRODUCTION 1 - 3
2. PLANNING OF ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE PROJECTS 3 - 93.
ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE TECHNIQUES AND DESIGN 10 - 32
4. MONITORING, MECHANISM FOR ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE 33 - 36PROJECTS
5. CASE HISTORIES OF ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE IN INDIA 36 - 75
Annexure 1 --Format For Preparation of Artificial Recharge ProjectAnnexure 2 --Planning Artificial Recharge Project -- ChecklistAnnexure 3 –General Guidelines for the evaluation of Ground Water RechargeProjects with special reference to Basaltic Terrain
GUIDE ON ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE TO GROUND WATER
1.0 INTRODUCTION
The artificial recharge to ground water aims at augmentation of ground waterreservoir by modifying the natural movement of surface water utilizing suitable civilconstruction techniques. Artificial recharge techniques normally address to followingissues -(i)
To enhance the sustainable yield in areas where over-development has depleted theaquifer.(ii)
Conservation and storage of excess surface water for future requirements, sincethese requirements often changes within a season or a period.(iii)
To improve the quality of existing ground water through dilution.(iv)
To remove bacteriological and other impurities from sewage and waste water sothat water is suitable for re-use.The basic purpose of artificial recharge of ground water is to restore supplies fromaquifers depleted due to excessive ground water development.
1.1
Concept of Augmenting Ground Water Reservoir1.1.1
Ground Water or Sub-Surface Reservoirs
The sub-surface reservoirs are very attractive and technically feasible alternativesfor storing surplus monsoon run off. The sub-surface reservoirs can store substantialquantity of water. The sub-surface geological formations may be considered as"warehouse" for storing water that come from sources located on the land surface. Besidessuitable lithological condition, other considerations for creating sub-surface storages arefavourable geological structures and physiographic units, whose dimensions and shapewill allow retention of substantial volume of water in porous and permeable formations.The sub-surface reservoirs, located in suitable hydrogeological situations, areenvironment friendly and economically viable proposition. The sub-surface storages haveadvantages of being free from the adverse effects like inundation of large surface area,loss of cultivable land, displacement of local population, substantial evaporation lossesand sensitivity to earthquakes. No gigantic structures are needed to store water. Theunderground storage of water would also have beneficial influence on the existing groundwater regime. The deeper water levels in many parts of the country, either of naturaloccurrence or due to excessive ground water development, may be substantially raised,resulting in reduction in lifting costs and energy saving. The quality of natural ground
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Guide on Artificial Recharge
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