HISTORY OF

TELEVISION
EVENTS
 THAT LED TO
DEVELOPMENT OF TELEVISION

1884 INVENTION OF SCANNING DISK BY PAUL

NIPKOW.

1897 INVENTION OF CATHODE RAY TUBE BY KARL

BRUAN.

1923 INVENTION OF ICONOSCOPE WHICH BY DR.

V.K. ZWORYKIN.

MANY MORE INVENTION OVER THE YEARES LEAD

TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF TELEVISION.
 SIMOLTANIOUS DEVELOPMENT OF
TELEVISION IN US AND UK

AMERICA


 1927 American telephone &

telegraph company gave a
public demonstration in
which a speech by the US
secretary of commerce
Herbert Hoover was
broadcast from
Washington to New York.
  Within one year General Electric began making
regular, thrice weekly, broadcast from radio
station WGY.


 After few months WGY transmitted AL

SMITH’s speech accepting his nomination for
US presidency.



 In the same year it broadcasted the first
television drama “The Queen’s Messenger”.
 ENGLAND
 In 1926 JOHN LOGIE BAIRD invented
television in ENGLAND. He did it by
mechanically scanning a screen of 15 lines.

 His quality of image was very poor.

 Two years later he demonstrated color
television transmission

 He was unable to broadcast officially until
post office’s engineers were happy with
quality of his experimental transmission.
 British Broadcasting Corporation was unhappy
with the quality of the transmission and only
reluctantly allowed him to use their
transmitters.


Initially BBC used competing EMI’s electronic

scanning system and BAIRDs mechanical
system , on alternating weeks.


Eventually , EMI’s system was clearly shown to

be more reliable and better quality than
BAIRDS mechanical system.

 BBC
1926 BBC became a nationalized
corporation.


12 people the good and great public figures

were appointed as heads.

John Reith was first director general of BBC.

Mission was to enlighten, educate and
elevate wherever possible.


 DIRECTOR
GENERAL
John Reith

MARK THOMPSON

 HURDLES THAT THE TV
INDUSTRY FACED
Shortly after the fair of 1939, TV’s progress was
interrupted by a series of order and then by
world war II.


Next year the federal communication

commission ordered a halt in expansion of TV
pending completion of investigation to
determine best technological standard for TV
transmission .

Then war came, production of TV sets stopped
completely.

Controversies about which band to be selected

and whether transmission should be in black-
and-white or in color.

In 1948 due to large number of TV stations , so

serious interference was occurring so
commission imposed freeze on new assignments.
 Color television
Development of color TV was first considered by the
federal communication commission in 1940s .

It was re-examined in 1945 and in 1947 still reception
was not technically satisfactory.

CBS and RCA were the main companies to develop
color television .


Commission approved CBS system, but no company
except CBS came forward to manufacture the sets
using CBS system.

For a long period RCA was only company pushing
development of color TV.


Through the years there was gradual increase in color

programs .

Today all programs are in color only. some televisions
boast a color range of 16 million colors.


No one can deny that color adds important
dimension to television communication.

It gives more real experience than black-and-white
TV.

Today there is color television everywhere ,it has
become rare to see a black-and-white television.

It is heading to greater developments like LCD, LED,
etc.
 DBS
 Direct broadcast satellite (DBS) is a
term used to refer to satellite
television broadcasts intended for
home reception, also referred to more
broadly as direct-to-home signals.

 The expression direct-to-home or DTH
was, initially, meant to distinguish the
transmissions directly intended for
home viewers from cable television.
 In 1976, Home Box Office (HBO) made history
by initiating satellite delivery of
programming to cable with the
heavyweight boxing match know as “The
Thriller From Manila”

 Also in 1976, as a result of private
experiments with video transmission from
communications satellites, the first
consumer Direct To Home (DTH) Satellite
System was created in a most unusual
place – in the garage of Stanford University
Professor and former NASA scientist
Emeritus H. Taylor Howard.
 The first commercial direct-broadcast
satellite service in the United Kingdom,
Sky Television, was launched in 1989
and used the newly launched Astra
satellite, providing 4 analogue TV
channels.

 1998, following the launch of several
more satellites to Astra's east
position, the number of channels had
increased to around 60.
 System sales soared as hardware prices
fell, and the idea of a practical DBS
system was beginning to take shape.

 The advantages to consumers were
abounding! There were many
satellites used by programmers, and
consumers could get programming
from almost all of them.

 And because their programming came
from multiple sources, it was often
20-30% cheaper than cable.
A number of companies provide DBS
and DTH service throughout the
world. In the United States, DirecTV
and EchoStar are the main vendors.

 DBS TV is also favored by urban and
suburban subscribers who are not
satisfied with the quality or quantity
of TV programming available on
conventional cable.
 And the quality was exceptional! That was
because the signal was first generation –
that is, directly from the programmers to
their homes – providing a far superior
picture and sound quality.

 As with most new technological
advancements, the cost to the everyday
consumer was very high.


 As the price came down, more people
looked to the multiple-channel
capabilities of satellite TV as an
alternative to cable.
 Severalcable programming providers
lobbied the government, which
subsequently introduced the 1984
Cable Act, allowing them to encrypt
(convert into code) their satellite
feeds. Scrambling systems were
developed so their signals were no
longer broadcast “in the clear” for
everyone with a satellite dish to pick
up without any payment to the
program developers.
 The first immediate result of the Cable
Act was that the satellite sales
industry dramatically dropped. The
other immediate effect was the
emergence of a new threat to the
industry – satellite signal theft.

HD revolution

 Television is now undergoing the greatest

change since color. High Definition is now
poised for the major breakthrough.


 The implications of this revolution will affect

us all.


 The quality of the pictures and audio from the

HD gadgets are staggering.
NON HD Vs HD
 In the past few years few companies have
been laying fiber optic cable that will
carry HD signals to homes across the
nation.

 Not only does HD produce the same quality
as DigiBeta, but it can even provide better
images than film.


 However, eventually all theatrical products

will be beamed down from satellites.
 Individual filmmakers, who shoot their
features on HD, will be able to find
groups of virtual distributors, who can
book and show their films in theatres.

 Even the phone companies will be getting
into the mix, offering streaming
television in HD to cell phone-like
devices.

 The Internet will become even more
ubiquitous, showing streaming HD video.
Commerce solutions that will pay the
filmmakers for their work will arrive.
 Acquiring a high definition TV set is only
the first step to enjoying high definition
TV programming though, because the
next step is to get the programming
itself in sufficient quality, so that it may
be enjoyed to its fullest.

 Satellite TV programming is the only
service where you are going to find the
large quantity of high definition channels
that you need to have a complete
selection in your viewing repertoire  and
this is due to a few reasons.
 Satellite TV service provider have to
adhere to a far more stringent standard
because they have to continually
compete with cable and standard service
as well as entertainment options such as
DVDs.


 The cost effectiveness of HD breaks down
the monetary barriers that used to keep
young, unknown directors and producers
from seeing their ideas and creations
make it to the big screen
 HD recording is digital, it is capable of
being transferred to any future
medium without loss of quality.


 Hence it will offer great quality even

when it is copied and the quality will
not deteriorate with time or because
of using it many times.


 There are still lot more breakthroughs

which we can expect from the HD
field.

Events such as the World Cup soccer matches
only illustrate the power of TV to unite the
globe in a single information network. TV has
changed the way people learn of the world
around them.

It has helped to spread news and ideas, even
culture and values, from one land to another,
effortlessly flowing over the political and
geographic boundaries that once stemmed
such tides.
THANK YOU…

A.K.DIVAKAR
SRI VIDHYA
THEN MOZHI