You are on page 1of 32

wpfv ESp}f udrx

f w
k af 0onf?

pmapmif
trSwfpOf (106) 2009 ckEpS /f 'DZifbmv (15) &uf?

Free

Daw

Aung

San

Suu

Kyi

&

Free

Burma

= a':atmifqef;pk-unfESif EkdifiHa&;tusOf;om;rsm;tm;vHk;jyefvnfvGwfajrmufa&;/
= 1990 jy!fhESpfa&G;aumufyGJ&v'fudktajccHaomjynfolŒvGwfawmfay:aygufa&;/
= trsKd;om;jyefvnfoifhjrwfa&;twGuf awGŒqkHaqG;aEG;yGJay:aygufa&;/
= etzrS wzufowfa&;qGJxm;aom 2008ckESpftajccHOya'tm; jyifqifa&;/

trsK;d om;'Dru
kd a&pDtzGŒJ csKyf (vGwaf jrmufe,fajr) rS xkwaf 0jzef‹cso
d nf? 1
trsK;d om;'Dru
kd a&pDtzG@J csKyf
trSwf 97§c/ taemufa&$*w Hk ikd v
f rf;
A[ef;òrd@e,f/ &efuek òf rd@

2009 ckEpS /f 'DZifbmv (9)&uf


1371 ckEpS /f ewfawmfvjynfah usmf (8)&uf

a=unmcsut
f rSwf -29 § 12 § 09

trsKd;om;'Drdkua&pDtzGJ@csKyfOuUXu ygwDpkH'Drkdua&pD taxGaxGa&G;aumufyGJ


usi;f ya&;aumfr&SiOf uUXxHo@kd vdyrf I
l ay;yd@k c+hJ yD;/ Edik if aH wmfat;csr;f om,ma&;ESihf zG@H òzd;a&;
aumifpOD uUXxHo@kd today;wifjycJah om 2009 ckEpS /f Ed0k ifbmv (16)&ufae@Y ay;yd@k co hJ !fh
pmygta=umif;t&if;rsm;udk trsK;d om;'Dru kd a&pDtzG@J csKyf A[dt k vkyt
f r_aqmiftzG@J . (7-12-
09)ae@wiG f usi;f yaom tpnf;ta0;qk;H jzwfcsut f & odom&ef xkwjf yefvu kd yf gonf?

“(p)” ta=umif;t&m? ? trsK;d om;'Dru


kd a&pDtzG@J csKyf. vuf&ASd [dt
k vkyf
tr_aqmif tzG@J 0ifrsm;pm&if;ay;yd@k jcif;?

trsK;d om;'Dru kd a&pDtzG@J csKyfonf Edik if aH wmf+idr0f yfyjd ym;r_wnfaqmufa&;tzG@J (,ck


Edik if aH wmfat;csr;f om,ma&;ESihf zG@H òzd;a&;aumifp. D Oya'trSw-f (4§88)jzpfaom “Ekid if aH &;
ygwDrsm;rSwfykHwifjcif; Oya'”ESifhtnD ygwDpkH'Drdkua&pD taxGaxGa&G;aumufyGJusif;ya&;
aumfr&SiYf rSwyf w Hk ifxm;+y;D w&m;0if&yfwnfaeaom Edik if aH &;ygwt D zG@J tpnf;wpfcjk zpfygonf?
Edik if aH &;ygwrD sm;rSwyf w Hk ifjcif; Oya'.yk'rf - 2(u)wGif “Edik if aH &;ygwq D o
kd nfrmS ppfreS f
aom ygwpD 'Hk rD u kd a&pDukd vufcu H si;f ok;H aom tzG@J tpnf;udq k o
kd nf”
[k twdtvif; jyXmef;xm;ygonf? xk@d tjyif ygwpD 'Hk rD u kd a&pDtaxGaxG a&G;aumufyu JG si;f ya&;
aumfr&Si. f 1989 ckEpS rf wfv(22)&ufpyJG g a=unmcsut f rSw-f 245 / tyd'k f (3)wGi-f
“ x x x,ckrw S yf w
Hk ifxm;aom Edik if aH &;ygwt D zG@J tpnf;rsm;onf Taumfr&Siu f
}uD;=uyfz@JG pnf;ay;xm;aom tzG@J tpnf;r[kwb f /J rdrw d @kd qENtav#muf ygwzD @JG pnf;ykrH sm;/
&nf&, G cf suEf iS hf vkyif ef;pOfrsm;tm;a&;qG+J y;D em,uESihf tvkyt f r_aqmiftzG@J 0ifrsm;udk a&G;cs,f
zG@J pnf;xm;jcif;jzpfygonf? x x x”
[kvnf;aumif;/ tyd'k f (4)wGi-f

2 tmZmenfy*k ~d KvfwŒkd . vkyif ef;udk qH;k cef;wdik f qufvufI aqmif&u


G &f rnf?
xkod @kd rwS yf w Hk ifpOfu wifjyaom oufqikd &f m ygwt D zG@J tpnf;rsm;. zG@J pnf;ykpH nf;rsO;f
rsm;/ &nf&, G cf surf sm;ESiv hf yk if ef;pOfrsm;/ em,uESit hf vkyt
f r_aqmiftzG@J 0ifrsm;udrk l aumfr&Siu f
rSww f rf;wifxm;ygonf? xd@k tjyif tvkyt f r_aqmiftzG@J EiS hf zG@J pnf;ykpH nf;rsO;f rsm;ðyjyifajymif;
vJr&_ I Sd aumfr&Sio f @kd xyfrw H ifjyvmonft h cgwiG vf nf; aumfr&Siu f qufvufrw S wf rf;wifxm;
v#u&f ySd gonf”[kvnf;aumif; twdtvif;az: jyyg&ySd gonf? Ta=unmcsuo f nf Edik if aH &;
ygwrD sm;. zG@J pnf;ykEH iS Ahf [dt k vkyt f r_aqmiftzG@J 0ifrsm;pm&if;udk ygwpD 'Hk rD u kd a&pDtaxGaxGa&G;
aumufyu JG si;f ya&;aumfr&Siu f ajymif;vJjcif;/ jyifqifjcif; rðyEdik af =umif; ay:vGiaf eygonf?
Edik if aH &;ygwt D zG@J tpnf;rsm;taejzifh rdrw d @kd ygw.
D tqifq h ifah ompnf;±k;H a&;tzG@J rsm;. tvkyf
tr_aqmiftzG@J 0ifrsm;ESihf tjcm;yk*Kd~ vfrsm;udk wm0efay;tyfjcif;onf 'Dru kd a&pDusiphf OfEiS thf nD
oufqikd &f mygw. D vkyyf ikd cf iG Ehf iS w hf m0efomjzpfa=umif; xif&mS ;apygonf?
od@k ygI trsK;d om;'Dru kd a&pDtzG@J csKyf. vuf&Sd A[dt k vkyt f r_aqmiftzG@J 0ifrsm;udk
atmufygtwdik ;f wm0efay;tyfxm;a=umif; ta=umif;=um;ygonf?

1? OD;atmifa&$ OuUX
2? OD;wifO;D 'kw,
d OuUX
3? a':atmifqef;pk=unf taxGaxGtwGi;f a&;rSL;
4? OD;vGif twGi;f a&;rSL;
5? OD;0if;wif t zG@J 0if
6? OD;oef;xGe;f t zG@J 0if
7? OD;pd;k jrifh t zG@J 0if
8? OD;vSaz t zG@J 0if
9? OD;vGe;f wif t zG@J 0if
10? OD;!Ge@f a0 t zG@J 0if
11? OD;cifarmifaqG t zG@J 0if

9-11-09 ae@wiG u
f si;f yaomA[dt
k vkyt
f r_aqmiftzG@J . tpnf;ta0;qk;H jzwfcsuf
t&? “(qk;H )”
A[dt k vkyt
f r_aqmiftzG@J
trsK;d om;'Dru
kd a&pDtzG@J csKyf
&efuek òf rdŒ?

EkdifiHa&;tusOf;om;tm;vHk; csufcsif;v$wf 3
a':atmifqef;pk-unfeŒJ qufqaH &;0ef}u;D (9) }urd af jrmufawGŒqkH
VOA, Dec 9,2009
udpaP wGudk Adv k cf sKyrf ;ª }u;D oef;a&$qD arwWm&yfcH
wifjycJw h m jzpfygw,f?
tckawGŒqkrH [ _ m tenf;qk;H tJ'x D J
u yxrwcsuef @J ywfouf+y;D awmh vma&muf
aqG;aEG;wm jzpfEkdifw,fvdk@ ,lq&a=umif;
trsK;d om;'Dru dk a&pDtzGŒJ csKyfe@J eD;pyfwo hJ wif;
jrefrmEkid if H ppftpk;d &&JΠqufqaH &; &yfuu G af wGuqkad e=uygw,f? a':atmifqef;pk
0ef}uD; OD;atmif=unf[m jrefrmh'Drkdua&pD =unfu Akv d cf sKyrf ;ª }u;D qDudk yxrt}urd f pma&;
acgi;f aqmif a':atmifqef;pk=unfe@J tpd;k & om;cJph Ofwek ;f u jrefrmEkid if t H ay: Ekid if w
H csKŒd &JŒ
{nhaf *[mrSm awGŒqkcH w hJ ,fv@kd od&ygw,f? pD;yGm;a&;t& ta&;,lydwfqkd@xm;r_ jyef¶kyf
bmta=umif;t&m aqG;aEG;w,f odr;f a&;twGuf aqmif&u G v f akd =umif; arwWm
qkw d m twdtusrod&ayrJh a':atmifqef;pk &yfcHcJhygw,f? 'DudpPtwGuf olawGŒqkHvdkwJh
=unfu Adv k cf sKyrf ;ª }u;D oef;a&$quD kd a&;om;cJw h hJ Ekid if jH cm;oHwrefwcsKŒd eJ@ awG@qcHk iG &fh cJyh gw,f?
pmeJ@ ywfoufaevdrrfh ,fv@dk ,lq&ygw,f? tckawGŒqkHr_[m OD;atmif=unf
tJ'pD mxJrmS a':atmifqef;pk=unfu trsK;d qufqHa&;0ef}uD;tjzpf cef@tyfjcif;cH&wJh
om;'Dru dk a&pDtzGŒJ csKyf tvkyt f r_aqmiftzGŒJ 2007ckESpf atmufwdkbmvup+yD; (9)}udrf
0ifawGe@J awGŒqkaH qG;aEG;cGiðfh yzd@k / tJvakd qG;aEG; ajrmufawGŒqkrH j_ zpfovkd 2009 ckEpS t f wGi;f rSm
+yD; wkid ;f jynftusK;d twGuf aqmif&u G Ef idk rf ,fh qk&d if (3) }udraf jrmufawG@qrHk _ jzpfygw,f? Ñ
vlŒtcGit
hf a&;aeΠNLD XmecsKyfY usi;f y
VOA, Dec 10,2009
vl@tcGit
hf a&; csK;d azmufra_ wG &Sad e (61) ESpaf jrmuf tjynfjynfqidk &f m
w,fv@kd pGypf cJG xH m;&wJh jrefrmEkid if rH mS Ekid if w
H vl@tcGit hf a&;ae@ usi;f ywm[m jynfov l xl k
um vl@tcGit hf a&;ae@ usi;f yr_awG t&ifu awGod&Sdzdk@eJ@ usifhokH;vkdufemEkdifzdk@twGuf
xufyrdk sm;vmae+yD; trsK;d om;'Dru dk a&pDtzGŒJ yxrqk;H t}udraf jrmuf vl@tcGit hf a&;ae@ukd
csKyf(NLD) ygwu D vnf; Ekid if w
H umvl@tcGihf usif;ycJhwmjzpfa=umif; trsKd;om;'Drkdua&pD
ta&;ae@ukd olwkd@&J@XmecsKyfrSm yxrOD;qkH; tzGJŒcsKyf&JŒ ajyma&;qkdcGifh&Sdol OD;tkef;óudifu
t}udrf usi;f ycJyh gw,f? tckvkd ajymygw,f?

4 a':atmifqef;pk-unf/ OD;wifOD;ESifh EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om;rsm; csufcsif;v$wf?


“jrefrmEkid if rH mS vl@tcGit fh a&; tod tajctaeawGukd apmih=f unhaf vhvmae&wJh
ynmay;r_awG wk;d jrihv f mzk@d / vl@tcGit hf a&;udk tajctaeav? jrefrmEkid if rH mS vl@tcGit hf a&;
jynfov l x l k yd+k yD;awmh od&v dS mzd@k / yd+k yD;awmh csK;d azmufru _ awmh &Sad eao;wmayg?h vl@tcGihf
usio hf ;Hk vku d ef mwwfz@kd / uk, d v hf @l tcGit hf a&; ta&;u tjynft h 0 r&ao;bl;? tJ't D wGuf
uk, d f &,lz@dk vnf;yJ pkpnf;pGm/ rSeu f efpmG óu;d pm; óud;yrf;ae&qJyJ &Sw d ,f?
Ekid zf @kd qw dk hJ &nf&, G cf suaf wGe@J usi;f y&jcif; jzpfyg “tJ'tD ajctaerSm usaemfw@dk Ekid if H
w,f?” a&;ygwb D ufu vl@tcGit fh a&;awG ydrk jdk ynh0f pGm
t&ifESpfawGuawmh ta=umif; &&Szd @dk / jynfov l xl k vl@tcGit fh a&;tjrif yd+k yD;
a=umif;awGa=umifh vl@tcGit fh a&;ae@ yJaG wGukd tu|r;f w0if odvmzk@d / vl@tcGit fh a&;ynm
rvkyEf ikd cf b hJ ;l vd@k qdyk gw,f? 'DEpS rf mS awmh jynf ay;r_awG yk+d yD;wk;d wufaqmif&u G Ef idk zf @kd / tJ'g
ol@vw $ af wmfu, kd pf m;vS,af wG tawmfrsm; usaemfw@dk bufu óud;yrf;wm jzpfygw,f?”
rsm;OD;aqmif+yD; vl@tcGit hf a&; ynmay;a&; tvm;wlyaGJ wGukd yJc;l wdik ;f eJ@ {&m0wD
awGukd vkycf w hJ mvnf; jzpfygw,f? jrefrmEdik if H wdik ;f awGrmS vnf; vl@tcGit hf a&; v_y&f mS ;ol
rSmawmh vl@tcGit fh a&; csK;d azmufra_ wG quf awGu vkycf yhJ gw,f? 'DEpS rf mS qd&k if vl@tcGihf
vuf&aSd eqJjzpfa=umif;/ 'DtwGuf Ekid if aH &;ygwD ta&;v_y&f mS ;ol tawmfrsm;rsm; xde;f odr;f cHae
awGtaeeJ@ todynmay;wJt h aeeJ@ usi;f y& &wJ=h um;u tusO;f csK;H +yD; vl@tcGit hf a&;ae@
wm jzpfa=umif;udv k nf; ajymoGm;ygw,f? txdr;f trSwyf aGJ v;awGukd jrefrmEdik if rH mS ðyvkyf
“ukvor*~ukdu vl@tcGifhta&; cJ=h uwmvnf; jzpfygw,f?
udk,fpm;vS,fxm;+yD;awmh vl@tcGihfta&; ÑÑÑ
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123
rD',
D mjzifh ¶+yaf xG;atmif rðyvky[
f k teft,f'D ajymqkd
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123
Mizzima, Dec 9,2009
ygwDacgif;aqmif a':atmifqef;pk “zG”cJha=umif;/ jrefrmhtvif;owif;pmwGif
=unfEiS hf trsK;d om;'Dru kd a&pDtzG@J csKyuf jynfy ‘csr;f jrat;’qdo k nfh uavmif&iS u f pGypf aJG &;
rD',D mrsm;ukd toH;k cs+yD; tajctae¶_yaf xG; om;xm;jcif;udk wk@jH yefajymqdv k ukd jf cif;jzpfyg
ap&ef zefw;D cJo h nf[I l ppftpd;k &owif;pmu w,f?
pGypf jJG cif;onf rrSeu f efa=umif; teft,f'u D r¶k;d om;onfo h abmxm;ESihf rD', D m
jyefvnfw@k jH yef ajymqkv d u
kd yf gw,f? ukd vufOD;atmifzG+yD; toHk;csjcif;r[kwfbJ
a':atmifqef;pk=unfu Akv d cf sKyfr;ª 'Drudk a&pDvyk x f ;kH t& aqmif&uG jf cif;omjzpf
}u;D oef;a&$o@kd ay;yd@k onfph mrsm; um,uH&iS x f H a=umif; ygwDA[dktvkyftr_aqmiftzJG@0if
ra&mufrD jynfyrD', D mrsm;Y ysŒH ES@H ap&ef óud+yD; OD;0if;wifu ajymygw,f?
tusOf;uscH wdkif;&if;om;acgif;aqmifrsm;tm; csufcsif;v$wf? 5
“jynfyrD', D mawGu usaemfw@dk ukd cJah omfvnf; pmukpd pfaxmufvrS ;f a&;u wm0ef
qufo, G vf mwJt h cg usaemfw@dk uvnf; rD'D t& Akv d cf sKyfr;ª }uD;oef;a&$xH tjrefq;kH yk@d &rnf
,mukd wH@k jyef&r,fh 0wW&m;eJ@tnDajymw,f? jzpfojzifh tpk;d &xHra&mufrD xkwjf yef onf[k
rD', D meJ@ ykvif;wlA;l qk@d vkyw f m/ rD', D mukd ckid ;f pGypf cJG surf mS rrSeaf =umif; OD;0if;wifu ajymyg
wm/ toH;k cswm vkyv f @dk r&bl;? 'Dru
dk a&pD xH;k w,f? 2007 ckEpS f Ek0d ifbmvwGif a':atmif
wrf;pOfvmt& rD', D m[m ol@vyk if ef; olvyk f qef;pk=unfu ukvud, k pf m;vS,f rpPwm*rf
ae=uwmyg” [k owif;pmq&mvnf;jzpfol bm&DEiS hf awG@q+kH yD;aemuf olr. a=unmcsuf
OD;0if;wifu ajymjyygw,f? udk rpPwm*rfbm&DrSwqifh puFmylEkdifiHwGif
“a':atmifqef;pk=unf&ŒJ Ekid if aH wmf wzufowf xkwjf yefcjhJ cif;onfvnf; r¶k;d om;
t}uD;tuJxH tdwzf iG ahf y;pmawGe@J ywfouf onfh oabmESihf rD', D mukd toH;k cs&ef óu;d pm;
vk@d jynfwiG ;f Ekid if aH &;tokid ;f t0kid ;f eJ@ jynfyrD'D jcif;jzpfonf[k aqmif;yg;&Siu f pGypf x
JG m;ygao;
,mawG csw d q f uf+y;D trsK;d rsK;d a0zefaoG;xk;d &if; w,f? od@k aomf teft,f'ED iS hf ppftpk;d &t=um;
wGe@f y@dk ae=uwm awG@&ygw,f”[k aqmif;yg; tcsdefrnfr#t=umrS a=unmcsufw&m;0if
&Sif csr;f jrat;uowif;pmxJwiG f pGypf aJG &;om; xkwjf yef&rnf[o l nfh oabmwlncD surf sm;
xm;ygw,f? rxm;&Sad =umif;ESihf teft,f't D aejzifh w&m;
OD ; 0if ; wif u rl tef t ,f ' D o nf 0ifa=unmcsurf sm; xkwcf iG &hf adS =umif; OD;0if;
w&m;0if &yfwnfaeonfh ygwjD zpf+yD; rdrw d @dk . wifu axmufjyajymqkcd yhJ gw,f?
oabmxm;rsm;ukd w&m;0if xkwjf yefEidk cf iG &hf dS teft,f'ED iS hf a':atmifqef;pk=unf
a=umif;ESihf rD', D m. wm0efrmS vnf; jynfol udk ppftpd;k &tmabmf owif;pmrsm;rS trnf
rsm; odoifo h x d u kd o f nfukd tjrefq;kH azmfjy& 0Suf trsK;d rsK;d jzifh ykwcf wfa&;om;avh&o dS nf?
rnfjzpfa=umif; ajymygw,f? xd@k tjyif +yD;cJh xk@d tjyif ppftpd;k &u w&m;0ifygwjD zpfaom
onfv h (11)&ufae@uvnf; a':atmifqef;pk teft,f'D. EdkifiHa&;v_yf&Sm;r_rsm;udkvnf;
=unfu “jrefrmEdik if t H ay: ta&;,lyw d q f @kd ydwyf if[ef@wm;jcif;/ wufºuo G nfh acgi;f aqmif
xm;r_rsm;udk ¶kyo f rd ;f a&;udpP aemufqufwJG rsm;udk zrf;qD;axmifcsjcif;wd@k ðyvkyaf eygw,f?
wifjyjcif;”[k ta=umif;t&mjzifh Akv d cf sKyfr;ª ¶H;k cef;zGichf iG uhf vkd nf; &efuek Xf mecsKyf
}uD;oef;a&$xH 'kwd,t}udrfykd@vkdufonfhpm wckom zGichf iG ahf y;xm;+y;D jynfe,fEiS hf wdik ;f rsm;
onfvnf; jynfyrD', D mrsm;ok@d aygu=f um;ysŒH wGif cGiðhf yrxm;ay? od@k aomf w&m;0if r[kwf
ES@cH yhJ gw,f? onfh tjcm;ygwt D zG@J tpnf;rsm;. ¶H;k cef;rsm;
'kwd,pmonf teft,f'Dvli,f zGiv hf pS jf cif;ESiv hf y_ &f mS ;r_rsm;udrk l rodusK;d u|ðH y
rsm;rSwqifh jynfyrD', D mrsm;xHo@kd aygu=f um; xm;cJyh gw,f? Ñ Ñ Ñ

6 rSeu
f efwhJ OD;aqmifre+ ‹J vlxu
k kd OD;aqmif = etz 2010 ud±k u
kd cf sKd ;
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
ykord u
f vlŒtcGit
hf a&;aeΠtcrf;tem; wm;jrpfc&H
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
Dvb, Dec 9,2009
'D Z if b mv (10)&uf a e@rS m us +yD? b,fvdkta=umif;a=umifhyJjzpfjzpf jzpf
a&mufwhJ Edik if w H um vl@tcGit hf a&;ae@ txdr;f ajrmufatmif usaemfw@dk vkyrf mS yg? umuG,f
trSwt f crf;tem;eJ@ pum;0dik ;f awGukd &efuek f jcif;eJ@ jr‡iw hf ifjcif; (2)ckuykd v J yk w f ,f? usaemf
wkid ;f {&m0wDwidk ;f eJ@ yJc;l wdik ;f awGrmS ðyvkyzf @kd wd@k u Edik if aH &; ygwrD [kwb f ;l ? vl@tcGit hf a&;
&Syd gw,f? onf arG;&myg tcGifhta&;jzpfwJhtwGuf
{&m0wDwidk ;f ykord rf mS vkyrf ,fh vl@ vlom;tm;vH;k vGwv f wG v f yfvyfe@J vl@*% k f
tcGit hf a&;ae@ txdr;f trSwf tcrf;tem;udk odumQ &S&d /dS w&m;r#wjcif;/ &Sio f efEikd jf cif;/ 'Dt
awmh a'ocHtm%mydik af wGu rvkyzf @kd wm; csut f vufawGukd tjyeftvSef aqG;aEG;=u
jrpfw,fv@kd od&ygw,f? ykord òf rŒd trSwf (8) &yf r,f? 'D (61)ESpjf ynfh vl@tcGiahf &;tcrf;tem;
uGuu f vl@tcGit hf a&;v_y&f mS ;wJh OD;oufviG &f @J udk &efuek /f bku d av;eJ@ jynfòrdŒawGrmS vnf;
aetdrfrSm vl@tcGifhta&;ae@ txdrf;trSwf usif;yzdk@&SdwJhta=umif; vl@tcGifhta&;um
tcrf;tem; ðyvkyzf @kd pDpOfxm;wmudk &yfuu G f uG,jf ri‡ whf iforl sm; uGe, f uf HRDPu OD;armif
OuUÏuae@vnfrmS vmwm;w,fv@kd OD;ouf armifav; ajymygw,f?
vGi&f ŒJ ZeD;eef;at;pDu ajymygw,f? bdu
k av;/ ykord w f @kd rmS tcrf;tem;
“OuUÏu udo k ufviG &f v dS m;vd@k ar; eJ@vyk rf ,f? &efuek /f wjcm;a'orSm tqifajy
w,f? r&Sb d ;l qdak wmh tjynfjynfqikd &f m vl@ ovdk aqG;aEG;yGw J @kd / pum;0dik ;f wd@k jzpf&ifjzpfr,f?
tcGit hf a&;ae@ vkyrf mS udk rvkyzf @dk ajymvdu k yf g 'Duawmh HRDP&J@ pHknDoufqdkif&m a'o
wJ?h cGirhf ðy Edik bf ;l wJ?h eifov d m;qdak wmh usr toD;oD;u vl@tcGit hf a&; pkaygi;f vkyw f ohJ l
tJ'h gawG rodb;l vd@k ajymvdu k w f ,f? udo k uf awG/ vl@tcGit hf a&;udk pdw0f ifpm;wJh yl;aygi;f
vGif jyefvm&if rvkyzf @kd ajymvdu k yf g? ±H;k udvk nf; aqmif&u G rf ,fo h al wGygr,f? xH;k pHtwkid ;f a=u
v$ w f v d k u f y gwJ h ? ”reuf j zef r euf u d k a wmh nmcsuaf wGxw k rf ,f? wESpt f wGi;f aqmif
usrtaeeJ@ pdk;&drfpdwfawmhrsm;w,f? usr &GufcJhwJh tajctaeawG a0zefoHk;oyfr,f?
xifwmawmh olw@kd uvnf; rjzpfraezrf;r,f? jrefrmjynfu vuf&t dS ajctaeudk vl@tcGihf
OD;oufvGifuvnf;vkyfcsifwJh qENawGrsm; ta&;aywHe@J tukew f ikd ;f r,f?
aew,f? ol&ŒJ qENuvnf; rSeu f efwv hJ rf;qdk urBmu h v k or*~u tcsuf (30) yg
awmh usr rydwyf ifcsib f ;l ? Edik if w
H um vl@tcGit hf a&; a=unmpmwrf;udk
tm%mydik af wG b,fvykd J wm;jrpf 1948 'DZifbm (10)&ufae@rmS xkwjf yef+yD;wJh
ygap 'Dtcrf;tem;udk jzpfatmifvyk rf ,fv@kd aemuf 'DZifbm(10)&ufae@ukd vl@tcGit hf a&;
OD;oufvGifu ajymygw,f? vl@tcGifhta&; ae@v@kd owfrw S cf w hJ myg?
cspjf rwfE;kd olrsm; tm;vH;k udv k nf; zdw=f um;+y;D ÑÑÑ
ppftkyfpk. 2010 a&G;aumufyGJtm; qefŒusifwdkufzsuf-u 7
wdik ;f ESijhf ynfe,fwŒdk Y tzGŒJ csKyf trsKd ;orD;vkyif ef;tzGŒJ rsm;zGŒJ pnf;
Dvb, Dec 8,2009
rE aW v;wdik ;f / rauG;wdik ;f eJ@ weoFm&D rE aW v;òrdŒay: usef (3) òrdŒe,ftyg
wdik ;f wd@k rmS trsK;d om;'Dru dk a&pDtzG@J csKyf òrŒd e,f t0if rE Wav;wdkif;xJu òrdŒe,ftm;vHk;rSm
trsK;d orD;vkyif ef;tzG@J awG jyefvnfz@JG pnf;ae trsK;d orD;vkyif ef;tzG@J awG jyefvnfz@JG pnf;a&;
=uw,fv@kd od&ygw,f? udpu P kd 'DZifbmvukef t+yD;aqmif&u G zf @dk óud;
rE Wav;wdkif; ta&S›awmifòrd@e,f pm;aew,fvdk@ a':oef;oef;at;u ajymyg
trsK;d orD;vkyif ef;tzG@J udk 'Dv (5)&ufrmS jyef w,f? rauG;wdik ;f rSmvnf; òrdŒe,ftrsKd ;orD;
vnfz@JG pnf;ygw,f? A[kt d rsKd ;orD;vkyif ef;tzG@J vkyif ef;tzG@J jyefvnfz@JG pnf;ae=uygw,f? 'Dv
taxmuftulðytzGJ@0if a':oef;oef;at;/ (5)&ufrmS wmifwiG ;f }u;D òrŒd e,f trsK;d orD;vkyf
rE aW v;wdik ;f OuUÏ OD;ode;f wefe@J wdik ;f pnf;±H;k ief;tzGJ@ukd tzGJ@acgif;aqmif/ twGif;a&;rSL;/
a&;tzGJ@wdk@u wm0ef,l zGJ@pnf;ay;wmvdk@ b¾ma&;rSL;tygt0if (7)OD;eJ@ zG@J pnf;ay;cJh
a':oef;oef;at;u ajymygw,f? w,fvdk@ wdkif;trsKd;orD;vkyfief; tzGJ@acgif;
tzGJ@csKyf taxGaxGtwGif;a&;rSL; aqmif a':cifapmaX;uajymygw,f? weoFm&D
a':atmifqef;pk=unfu, kd w f ikd f xkwjf yefxm; wdkif;rSmvnf; tvm;wlzGJ@pnf;aew,fvdk@
wJh trsKd;orD;tzGJ@ vkyfief;oabmxm;eJ@ aumhaomif;òrdŒe,f trsK;d orD;vkyif ef;tzG@J 0if
zGJ@pnf;yHkrlt& jyefvnfzGJ@pnf;vkdufwmvdk@ a':cifat;rlu ajymygw,f? +rw d òf rŒd e,f trsK;d
vnf; a':oef;oef;at;u ajymygw,f? tzG@J orD;vkyif ef;tzG@J vnf; pwifz@GJ pnf;rSmjzpf+yD;
csKyftrsK;d orD;vkyif ef;tzG@J zG@J pnf;yHyk g t"du ykavmpwJh useòf rŒd e,fawGrmS vnf; qufvuf
&nf&, G cf suo f ;Hk csuf yg&w dS ,fv@kd qkyd gw,f? zG@J pnf;oGm;zd@k &+dS y;D A[du k vmr,f! h eï =f um;csuf
yxrtcsuu f awmh 'Dru dk a&pDEidk if x H al xmif twdkif; qufvufaqmif&GufoGm;rSmygvdk@
&mrSm t&nftcsif;tvkduf oifhawmfwJh a':cifat;rlu ajymygw,f?
u¾rSm trsK;d orD;awG yg0ifaqmif&u G Ef idk af &;/ aumhaomif;òrdŒe,ftrsdK;orD;vkyf
'kw, d tcsuu f trsK;d orD;awG rdrw d @dk &ŒJ vkyyf idk f ief;tzG@J uakd wmh Ed0k ifbm (13)&ufuwnf;u
cGiwhf m0efawGudk pepfwusazmfxw k +f y;D vkyyf idk f zG@J pnf;cJ+h yvD @kd ajymygw,f? 1997 ckEpS u f wnf;
cGirhf sm;ukd cHpm;Ekid cf iG /hf wwd,tcsuu f awmh u pwifz@JG pnf;cJw h hJ trsK;d om;'Drukd a&pDtzG@J
EkdifiHwumtrsKd;orD;awGeJ@ ylaygif;aqmif csKyf trsK;d orD;vkyif ef;tzG@J awGukd ygwaD cgi;f
&GuEf idk af &;wd@k jzpfw,fv@kd a':oef;oef;at;u aqmif a':atmifqef;pk=unf&ŒJ !ïe=f um;csuf
ajymygw,f ? rE W a v;ta&S › a wmif ò rd @ e,f t& zsuo f rd ;f cJ+h yD; tckjyefvnfppk nf;+yD; jyif
trsK;d orD;vkyif ef;tzG@J rmS wm0efcH (1) a':cif qifzGJ@pnf;&wmygvdk@ a':cifat;rlu &Sif;jy
rmvm/ twGi;f a&;rSL; a':eDvmóudief @J b¾m oGm;ygw,fcifAsm?
a&;rSL; a':at;at;rdw@kd jzpfygw,f? ÑÑÑ
8 tm%m±l;ppftpdk;&. &ufpuf,kwfrmr+rsm;tm; &J0HhpGmazmfxkwf-u?
a&G;aumufyt
GJ wGuf rJqEN&iS pf m&if; &efuek òf rŒd wcsKŒd &yfuu
G rf sm;wGif pwifaumuf,l
Nej, Dec 11,2009
&efuek w
f ikd ;f twGi;f òrŒd e,ftcsKŒd wGif twGif; pm&if;aumufaomfvnf; tcsKdŒ&yf
vmrnfh a&G;aumufyt GJ wGuf touf (18) ESpf uGufrsm;wGifrl raumufao;a=umif;vnf;
jynf+h yD;ol rJqEN&iS pf m&if;rsm; pwifaumufcH od&ygw,f?
ae+yDjzpfa=umif; òrdŒcHrsm;u ajymygw,f? tvm;wl (88) rsKd ;qufausmif;om;
“usaemfwdk@qDrSm &mtdrfrª;awGu jynfaxmifpkjrefrmEdkifiHtzJG@rS OD;at;vGif
tdraf wGuv kd u kd +f y;D E_;d aqmfw,f? vlwikd ;f ud, k hf uvnf; v_id òf rŒd e,f(5)&yfuu G b f ufwiG f aeol
tdraf xmifppk m&if; yHpk pH m&Gu, f +l yD; &yfuu G ¶f ;kH rsm;udk ‚if;wk@d z@GJ rnfh ygwxD 0J if&ef pnf;¶H;k r_rsm;
rSm pm&if;oGm;ay;=uygv@kd qw kd ,f? tJ'gtrd f &Sad e+y;D r=umcif w&m;0ifpnf;¶H;k a&;yJrG sm;usi;f
axmifppk m&if;udik +f y;D oGm;awmhtouf(18)ESpf yðyvkyrf nf[k ajymqdak ea=umif; &yfuu G af e
jynf+h y;D olawG pm&if;ud, k w
l ,f? aemuf taz/ olrsm;u ajymygw,f?
taremrnfawG ay;&w,f? bmvkyzf @kd 'Dpm etzppf t pd k ; &onf ,ck u J h o k d @
&if;aumufwmvJar;awmh vmr,fh (2010) atmufajcvlpm&if; ðypkcdkif;jcif;wkd@ vkyfae
a&G;aumufyt GJ wGuf touf (18) jynf+h yD;wJh aomfvnf; EdkifiHa&;ygwD zJG@pnf;cGifhqdkif&m/
rJqENay;Ekid o f l pm&if;aumufaewmvd@k ajym a&G;aumufyu GJ si;f ya&;qdik &f m Oya'rsm;ukrd l
w,f”[k v_id òf rdŒe,f (7)&yfuu G w f iG f aexdik f w&m;0ifxw k jf yefjcif; rðyvkyaf o;ay?
olwOD;u ajymygw,f? ,ckupd P &efuek òf rdŒrS 0g&ifo h wif;pm
tvm;wl awmif'*Hw k iG f aexdik o f l q&mwOD;u etzppftpd;k &onf +yD;cJo h nfh
wOD;u ‚if;wk@d &yfuu G w f iG f &tzESi&hf mtdrrf ;ª 2008 zJG@pnf;yHktajccHOya' vlxkqENay;yJG
rsm; wtdrw f ufqif; pm&if;aumuf+yD; tdrf wkef;uJhodk@ vkyfvmjcif;jzpfa=umif;/ tqkdyg
axmifppk m&if;awmif;=unfu h m touf (18) tcsed u f qENraJ y;yJG tqifq h ifw h iG f rnfou l rkd S
ESpjf ynf+h yD;olw@kd . trnf/ rdbtrnfpojzifh yg0ifciG hf rðybJ ‚if;wd@k tm%mydik f tqifq h ifh
pm&if;,la=umif; ajymjyygw,f? ‚if;u “vlO;D uom vkycf sio f vkd vkyo f mG ;cJah =umif; ajymjy
a& tdrfaxmifpkpm&if;aumufwm v0u ygw,f?
tvkyrf [kwb f ;l vm;/ cifAsm;wd@k u bma=umifh ‚if;u “ukeu f ek af jym&&if wkid ;f e,f
vmaumufwmvJv@kd ar;awmh a&G;aumufyGJ jynfe,ftvdu k f rJpm&if;/ òrŒd e,f wòrŒd e,fjcif;/
twGuf rJay;Edik o f pl m&if; ðypkaewmvd@k ajym &yfuGufwckjcif;/ rJ¶Hkwckjcif; qENrJta&
w,f” [k ajymjyygw,f? twGuaf wGuakd wmif vH;k 0xkwaf zmfjcif; rðycJh
etzppftpd;k &. tqifq h if! h e$ =f um; bl;? tckvnf; 2008u vkycf o hJ vdk ol@oabm
csurf sm;atmufwiG f ,ckuo hJ @dk &yfuu G t f csKŒd eJ@ol xif&mpdkif;vkyfr,fh t&dyfvuQ%mrsKd;

rwlwm c%z,f/ wlwmawGeJ‹ pkpnf;/ bHk&efoludk rsufajcrjywfapeJ‹ 9


jzpfw,f” [k a0zefajymqdo k mG ;ygw,f? rsm; vkyfaeygonfqdkonfh uwdrsKd;ay;jcif;
ppftpd;k &acgi;f aqmif Advk cf sKyfr;ª }uD; vH;k 0r&So
d uJo h @dk jynfot l rsm;pkuvnf; vm
oef ; a&$ o nf (2010)wG i f a&G ; aumuf y J G rnfah &G;aumufyo GJ nf ppftpd;k &u xif&mvkyf
usif;yay;rnf[k ajymqkdaeaomfvnf; a&G; +yD; ‚if;wd@k u,
kd w f ikd f yHpk w
H rsK;d jzifh quftyk cf sKyf
aumufyt GJ +y;D wufvmrnfh tpk;d &tzJ@G opfukd oGm;&ef vkyu f ikd af ejcif;omjzpfa=umif; us,f
tm%mvJa$ y;ygrh nf? ,if;twGuf jyifqifr_ us,jf yef@jyef@ oH;k oyfajymqdak eygw,f? ÑÑÑ
xl;ukr%
` D 0efxrf;rsm; armufrm¶dik ;f ys
wcgo;kH *st
D ufpt
f rf y&Day;uwf jrefrmhqufoG,fa&;vkyfief;onf
(GSM Prepaid Card)rsm;udk wOD;wnf; vuf0g; tufzt f ;D pD (20)wef *st D ufpt f rf wcgo;kH qif;
}uD;tkyf a&mif;cscGifh&xm;onfh OD;awZydkif uwf xkwv f yk af &mif;csciG uhf kd 2008 'DZifbm
xl;ukr% ` 0D efxrf;rsm; tvGeaf rmufrm¶dik ;f ys up+yD; xl;ukr`%D vufatmufcH (Central
a=umif; y&Day;uwf 0,f,o l rl sm;u ajymjy Marketing) ukr% ` u D kd wOD;wnf;a&mif;csciG hf
ygw,f? ay;cJjh cif; jzpfygw,f?
tufzt f ;D pD (20) wef y&Day;uwfukd tqdyk g qif;uwfwuwfukd wv
+yD;cJo
h nfh 'DZifbm (7) &ufu xl;ukr% ` yD ikd f twGi;f om oH;k cGi&hf +dS y;D wvjynfo h nfEiS hf eHygwf
ql;avbk&m;vrf;&Sd Myanmar Shopping Mall yifjyefoHk;Ir&awmha=umif;/ ac:qdkcaps;}uD;
wGif oGm;a&muf0,f,cl o hJ nfh t+ird ;f pm;Adv k rf ;ª jcif;/ zke;f t0iftwGuaf iGay;&jcif;/ eHygwt f
}uD;wOD;u “'D xl;ukr% ` q D wkd m wyfrawmf aor&jcif;/ wvomoH;k &jcif;ponhf jy\em
tpd;k &vufxufrmS tcGit hf a&;rsK;d pH&k +yD; }uD; trsK;d rsK;d &Sad eaomfvnf; yHrk eS *f st D ufpt f rf qif;
yGm;csr;f omvmwm? ckawmh usaemfw@kdvkd t+ird ;f uwfwck tenf;qH;k usyf (17) ode;f cef@ ayguf
pm;t&m&S}d uD;awGuakd wmif wd&p>mefvkd quf aps;&Sad eonft h wGuf aiGa=u;rwwfEikd o f rl sm;
qHwmcH&wm odycf jH yif;w,f” [k ajymygw,f? u tqdkyg wcgoHk;qif;uwfudk 0,foHk;=u
uwfa&mif;csdef ae@cif; (2)em&D[k ygw,f? qif;uwfrsm;ud(k Central Marketing)
owfrw S x f m;aomfvnf; vma&muf0,f,o l l ukr% ` u D tufzt f ;D pD (20)om owfrw S x f m;
rsm;udk ykrH eS rf &db
S J ajymcsio f vdak jym/ a&mif;csif aomfvnf; wqifch H a&mif;olrsm;udo k m a&mif;
ovdak &mif;csaeum ra&mif;vdyk gu qdik x f oJ @kd csay;ae+y;D tqdyk gwqifch aH &mif;olrsm;u qif;
yif 0ifciG rhf ay;bJ rnfonht f csed jf yefvnfa&mif; uwfwck usyf (25˜000)cef@ a&mif;csaeonfh
csrnf qdo k nfukd ajymqdjk cif;r&daS =umif; pojzifh twGuf omrefjynforl sm;u tufzt f ;D pD (20)
armufrmpGm ajymqdq k ufqo H nf[k uwf0,f jzifh 0,fI&Edik o f nfh xl;ukr% ` yD ikd f (Shopping
,l&ef oGm;a&mufco hJ rl sm;u ajymygw,f? Mall) wGif vma&muf0,f=ujcif;jzpfygw,f?

10 awGŒqHkaqG;aEG;a&; taumiftxnfazmfay;
xk@d a=umifh tqdyk garmvfu xl;ukr% ` 0D efxrf;rsm;onf wcgo;kH uwfrsm;udk òyid b f ufr&Sd
a&mif;csciG &hf =u+yD; armufrm¶dik ;f pdik ;f jcif;/ wae@rnfr#a&mif;rnf/ rnfonft h csed Yf a&mif;rnf
qdok nfukd yGiyhf iG v
hf if;vif; xkwjf yefjcif;r&Sb d J arSmifcx
kd wk af &mif;ae=ujcif; jzpfygw,f?
tqdyk g (Central Marketing) ukr% ` o D nf wESpt f wGi;f *stD ufptf rf y&Day;uwf (5)ode;f
eD;yg; a&mif;csc&hJ +y;D a':vm (10)oef;&&Scd +hJ yD jzpfygw,f? tqkyd gurk % ` o
D nf tufzt f ;D pD(50)wef
pD'tD rfatwcgo;kH uwf (1)aomif;ausmu f v kd nf; a&mif;csc+hJ yD;jzpfa=umif; od&ygw,f?
ÑÑÑ
'*Ht
k a&SŒòrŒd e,f &yfuu
G w
f ckwiG f a'ocHrsm;udk OD;ydik v
f rD w
d ufu z,fcikd ;f ae
Mizzima, Dec 11,2009
&efukefwdkif; '*HkòrdŒopfta¶SŒydkif; &ef ta=umif;=um;onfph mudk ,ckEpS f atmuf
òrŒd e,f¶dS &yfuu G tf rSwf (157)Y aexdik o f rl sm; wdb k mvu jr0wD pdu k yf sK;d a&;0efaqmifrv _ yk f
udk jrefrmhp;D yGm;a&; OD;ydik v f rD w d ufu ae&mrS ief;ukr% ` u D ay;yd@k cahJ o;ygw,f?
wvtwGif; z,fcdkif;aea=umif; a'ocHrsm; ,if;&yfuu G af e t+idr;f pm;0efxrf;
tqdt k & od&ygw,f? tdraf xmifpk (16) pk/ v,form;rdom;pk (19)pk/
,if;ae&mwGif jrefrmhp;D yGm;a&; OD;ydik f usL;ausmfaexdkifol tdrfaxmifpk (34)pkwdk@
vDrw d uftydik f jr0wDpu kd yf sK;d a&; 0efaqmifr_ tm; a&$@ajymif;cdik ;f aejcif;jzpfygw,f? v,fo
vkyfief;ukr`%Du pyg;pdkufysKd;rnfjzpfaom rm;rsm;xJrS jr0wD pdu k yf sK;d a&;ukr% ` ED iS hf quf
a=umifh ajymif;a&$@cikd ;f jcif;jzpfa=umif;ESihf vm vufwGJvkyfvdkolrsm;rSmrl ajymif;a&$@&efrvdk
rnfhESpf Zefe0g&DvtwGif; t+yD;ajymif;a&$@& a=umif; od&ygw,f?
rnfjzpfa=umif; &yfuu G af e t+idr;f pm;0efxrf; usL;ausmt f rd af xmifprk sm;rSmrl ,ckv
(14)OD;udk ukr% ` u D xrqH;k t}urd f ac:,lajym (16)&ufae@/ ukr% ` ED iS hf ryl;aygi;f vdo k nfh v,f
=um;cJjh cif; jzpfygw,f? orm;rsm;rSm ,ckv (14)&ufae@ ajymif;&rnf
“pmeJ @ qif h a c:wm‚if ; pmxJ r S m jzpf+yD;/ t+idr;f pm;0efxrf;rsm;rSmrl vmrnfEh pS f
'kwd,Adv k rf ;ª }uD; xGe;f 0if; (t+idr;f pm;) refae Zefe0g&v D twGi;f aemufq;kH xm;I ajymif;&
*sif;'g¶dkufwm jr0wDpdkufysKd;a&;0efaqmifr_ rSmvk@d od&ygw,f?
vkyif ef;ukr% ` q D +kd yD;awmh vufrw S ef @J wuGyg ajymif;a&$@&rnfah e&mjzpfaom vuf
w,f? v,f,mpDrHudef;a=umifh usaemfwdk@ &Sad e&mESihf wrdik cf cJG ef@umG a0;onfh “'*Ht k a&SŒ
ae&mawG z,fay;&r,fqdk+yD;awmh a&;xm; ydik ;f aq;¶k”H teD;&Sd ajruGuv f yfwiG f ,if;ukr% ` D
w,f”[k &yfuu G w f iG ;f aexkid o f l t+idr;f pm; u t+idrf;pm;0efxrf;rsm;twGuf tdrfjyef
ausmif;q&mwOD;u ajymjyygw,f? ajymif;a&$@ aqmufrnfjzpfaomfvnf; ajymif;a&$@rnfh

zGJŒpnf;yHktajccHOya' jyefvnfoHk;oyfa&;aumfrwD zGJŒpnf;ay; 11


v,form;rsm;ESihf usL;ausmo f rm;rsm;udrk l taxGaxGne$ =f um;a&;rª; Adv k }f uD;'Dy&mpdik ;f u
wm0ef,rl nfr[kwaf =umif; tpnf;ta0; Edik if aH wmfu cdik ;f vd@k vyk &f wmvd@k ajymygw,f?
wGif ukr% ` u D ajymqdck yhJ gw,f? olw@kd vnf; bmrSrwwfEikd b f ;l vd@k ajymw,f” [k
tpnf;ta0;udk '*kt H a&SŒydik ;f òrŒd e,f ,if;t+idr;f pm; ausmif;q&mu ajymjyygw,f?
(158)&yfuu G ¶f dS jr0wDpu kd yf sK;d a&; 0efaqmifr_ tpnf;ta0;wufa&mufonfh (14)OD;
vkyif ef;ukr% ` ¶D ;kH cGw
J iG f ðyvky&f m/ '*Ht k a¶SŒydik ;f tzGJ@u ae&mopfodk@ ajymif;a&$@rnfjzpfaomf
òrŒd e,f r,u twGi;f a&;rª;/ td;k tdrOf ;D pD;Xme vnf; vuf&adS etdrt f wdik ;f tdrjf yefaqmufay;
OD;pD;rª;/ jr0wDurk % ` rD S taxGaxGne$ =f um; &rnf[k awmif;qdak omfvnf; ukr% ` w
D m0ef&dS
a&;rª; Adv k }f uD;'Dy&mpdik ;f ESit hf wl tjcm;0ef olrsm;u txufodk@wifjyay;rnf[kom jyef
xrf; (2)OD; wufa&mufcw hJ ,fv@kd o&d ygw,f? vnf ajz=um;cJah =umif; (14)OD; tzG@J ygy*k K~ v d w f OD;
“tpnf;ta0;rSm jr0wD ukr% ` u D u ajymjycJyh gw,f? Ñ Ñ Ñ
a':atmifqef;pk-unf. *g&0ðya&;tpDtpOf
OD;atmifa&$xH etz&JcsKyf vma&mufawGŒqHk
Nej, Dec 14,2009
a ' : a t m i f q e f ; p k = u n f u tm;vk;H udk a':atmifqef;pk=unfu *g&0ðyr,f
OD;atmifa&$/ OD;vGiEf iS fh OD;vGe;f wifw@dk o;Hk OD; qd&k if b,fvo kd abm&ovJv@kd OD;atmifa&$ukd
tm; vma&muf*g&0ðy&ef tpDtpOf&aSd =umif; vm+yD;awmh ar;jref;w,faygh? OD;atmifa&$u
etzppf t pk d ; & &J c sKyf A d k v f r ª ; csKyf c if & D u 'guawmh Ak'b < momxk;H pHt& uefawmhcrH ,fh
trsK;d om;'Dru kd a&pDtzG@J csKyf (teft,fv'f )D olqu D kd uefawmhr,fo h u
l vm&wm jzpfygw,f
OuUÏ OD;atmifa&$aetdro f @dk vma&mufajym wJ?h wa,mufcsi;f pDuefawmhwmudyk J vufcv H kd
qdo k nf[k od&ygw,f? ygw,faygh? okd@aomfvnf;yJ a':atmifqef;pk
eHeuf (10) em&Dcef@wiG f Adv k rf ;ª csKyf =unfu okH;a,mufukd wae&mwnf;rSmpk+yD;
cif&u D OD;atmifa&$xH vma&mufI oabm awmh uefawmhr,h[ f mrsK;d oabmwl&ifvnf;yJ
xm;ar;jref;a=umif; teft,fv'f D A[dt k vkyf OD;atmifa&$taeeJ@ rjiif;ygbl;vdk@ ajymvdkuf
tr_aqmifwOD;jzpfol OD;cifarmifaqGu ajym w,f”[k ajymygw,f?
ygw,f? ‚if;u “OD;atmifa&$u ol@qu D v kd m a':atmifqef;pk=unfESihf ppftpdk;&
+y;D awmh &JcsKyAf v kd rf ;ª csKycf if&uD a':pku OD;atmif qufqaH &;0ef}uD; OD;atmif=unfw@kd 'DZifbm
a&$/ OD;vGief @J OD;vGe;f wifw@kd (3)OD;ukd vma&muf (9)&ufae@wGif awG@qkHcJh+yD;aemuf ,ckuJhokd@
*g&0ðyzd@k tpDtpOf&w Sd ,fayg?h oufqidk &f m &JcsKyfcif&u D OD;atmifa&$tm; oGm;a&mufawG@
tm%mydik b f ufuawmh wae&mwnf;rSmyJ qkHcJhjcif;jzpfygw,f? a':atmifqef;pk=unfu

12 rSeu
f efwhJ OD;aqmifre+ ‹J vlxu
k kd OD;aqmif = etz 2010 ud±k u
kd cf sKd ;
Ed0k ifbm (11)&ufae@pjJG zifh Adv
k cf sKyfr;ª }u;D oef;a&$xH 'kw, d t}urd af &;om;ay;yd@k aompmwGif A[dk
tvkyt f r_aqmiftzG@J 0ifrsm;jzifh pkn H aD wG@qv Hk akd =umif;vnf; xnho f iG ;f azmfjy awmif;qdck yhJ gw,f?
OD;atmifa&$. ajym=um;csut f & a':atmifqef;pk=unf. *g&0ðya&;udpEP iS hf ywfouf
I &JcsKyfAvkd rf ;ª csKyfcif&u
D vma&mufajym=um;aomfvnf; rnfonht f csed f rnfonhaf e&mqdk
onfukd rod&aSd o;a=umif; OD;cifarmifaqGu ajymjyoGm;ygw,f? Ñ Ñ Ñ
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123
&efuek òf rdŒwGif ºuGyºf uGyt
f w
d f oefŒpifa&;ESihf tdwaf [mif;0,f,l
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123
Dvb, Dec 11,2009
obm0ywf0ef;usifxdef;odrf;a&; ckvkd ajymygw,f? “owif;pmxJrSmawmhyg
taxmuftulðywJhtaeeJ@ &efukefwkdif; w,f? tjyifuawmh tJ'aD vmuf r[kwaf o;
twGi;f ae&mig;ckrmS ºuyG ºf uyG t f w d tf a[mif; bl;/ wa,mufrS ra&mif;ao;bl;/ a&mif;wJo h l
awG 0,faew,fv@dk yvpfpwpf vkyif ef;&Sirf sm; awmif odyrf &daS o;bl;/ pnf;urf;odyrf vku d ef m
toif; wm0ef&o dS wl OD;u ajymygw,f? ao;bl;ayg?h ” vSn;f wef;rSm aexkid o f w l OD;u
ºuGyfºuGyftdwf t0,fqkdifawGudk vnf; oGm;a&mif;&r,fhae&m a0;vGef;wm
'*kòH rdŒopfawmifyidk ;f / '*kq H yd u f rf;/ &Gmom}uD; a=umifh roGm;Ekid b f ;l vk@d ajymygw,f? aqG;jrnfh
wd@k rmS wqdik pf eD @J v_id of m,mòrŒd e,frmS ESpq f idk f ausysuzf @kd cJ,Of;wJh ºuyG ºf uyG t f wd [ f m obm0
zGivhf pS x
f m;ygw,f? ºuyG ºf uyG t f w d f trsK;d tpm; ywf0ef;usifudk xdckdufysufpD;apw,fqkd+yD;
ok;H ckucdk +JG y;D 0,frmS jzpf+y;D aq;a=umoef@pif+y;D &efuek w f idk ;f xJu ºuGyºf uGyt f w d pf uf±u Hk kd wdik ;f
om;udk wyd\musy(f 1)axmif/ tv,ftvwf at;csrf;om,ma&;ESifh zGH@òzd;a&;aumifpDu
ukd (600)&meJ@ npfywfwmawGuakd wmh usyf +yD;cJhwJh atmufwdkbmrSm ydwfckdif;cJhygw,f?
(2)&may;rSmvd@k ajymygw,f? 'gayr,fh pzGiw hf hJ vkyif ef;&Siaf wGbufuvnf; tcsed v f vkH akH vmuf
'Dvqef; (1)&ufuwnf;up+yD; tckcsdefxd avmufr&vkd@ qkH;±_H;epfem=uawmhr,fqdk+yD;
vma&mif;wJh olr&Sb d ;l vd@k o&d ygygw,f? jrefrmEdik if H yvwfpwpfvyk if ef;&Sirf sm;toif;&J@
“usaemfwkd@ 0,fwmuawmh (1) tultnDe‹J ndE‡ id_ ;f wJt h cg oufwrf; (4)v
axmif / (600)&m/ (400)&m/ (200)&m/ qufciG ðfh yygw,f? tJ'aD emuf wkid ;f twGi;f rSm
ta[mif;0,fwmuawmh tr_u d ef @J ºuyG ºf uyG f ºuGyºf uGyt f w d f oef@pifa&;taxmuftulðyzk@d
tdwaf wG &Si;f vif;a&;ayg/h t0,fqidk u f avm qkd+yD; jrefrmEdkifiH yvwfpwpfvkyfief;&Sifrsm;
avmq,f (5)qkid /f a&mif;wJo h rl &dbS ;l ?” ºuGyf toif;u ºuyG ºf uyG t f wd t f a[mif;awGudk 0,f
ºuG y f t d w f 0 ,f r ,f q k d w J h a=unmcsuf u d k zk@d a=unmvmwmjzpfygw,f? ºuGyºf uGyt f wd f
owif;pmxJrSm zwf&ayr,fh vufawG@rSm puf±aHk wGudk vmr,fEh pS t f xd oufwrf;wk;d ay;
awmh oGm;a&mif;wJhol rawG@&ao;bl;vkd@ xm;ayr,fh oufwrf;ukev f @dk ydw&f r,fq&dk if
&efuek w f idk ;f awmif'*kòH rŒd e,fu a'ocHwOD;u ºuGwfºuGwftdwftpm; bmudktpm;xdk;oHk;
ppftkyfpk. 2010 a&G;aumufyGJtm; qefŒusifwdkufzsuf-u 13
rSmvJv@dk vkyif ef;&Siwf OD;ukad r;=unfah wmh tck vk@d &ygw,f?”
vdak jz=um;vmygw,f? ppftpd;k &u ºuGyºf uGyt f w d o f ;Hk pGrJ u
_ kd
“tckawmh tpm;xk;d wJt h aeeJ@ yvyf rEœav;eJ@ aejynfawmfrmS pwifuef@owfc+hJ yD;
pwpfudkxkwfrSmaygh/ olu yDpDAGDr[kwfyJeJ@ tifzufawG/ puULawG tpm;xdk;oHk;cdkif;cJhyg
jyL;0g;yvyfpwpfaygh/ tdwftºuGyfuae+yD; w,f? tckawmh &efuek u f puf±aHk wGudk ydwf
awmh yvyfpwpfudk ajymif;r,f/ yvyfpwpfu cdik ;f wmjzpfygw,f? &efuek rf mS rSwyf w Hk ifxm;wJh
&Dqidk u
f ,f vky&f wm vG,w f ,fav/ enf;ynm ºuyG ºf uyG t
f w d pf uf±Hk (146)±kH &Sad e+y;D rSwyf rHk wif
rvkd bl;/ yDpAD u
DG &Dqidk u
f ,f vky&f wmrvG,b f ;l / wJh wydik w f Ekid ±f aHk wGvnf; &Syd gw,f?
enf;ynmvkw d ,f? vkyif ef;yko
H ¿mefajymif; ÑÑÑ
aps;ajymif;a&$Œckid ;f onfukd rauseyfI aps;onfrsm; csw
D ufawmif;qdk
Yoma3, Dec 14,2009
rSm&Sw d hJ aps;udk olw@kd uz,fcikd ;f w,f? 'Dv (11)
&ufae@rmS olw@kd u toHcsupf ufe@J vdu k +f yD;
awmh tJ'aD e&mu aez,fay;yg/ rz,fay;bl;
qdk&if wnfqJOya't& ta&;,lr,fqdk+yD;
awmh toHcsupf ufe@J vdu k af tmfxm;wmudk
bku
d av;òrŒd tcGev
f w
G af ps;
rauseyfv@kd tckvkd csw D ufawmif;qdw k m” [k
ajymygw,f? xdo k @kd cswD ufvmpOf òrdŒe,f&w J yf
bu
kd av;òrdŒay:&Sd tcGev
f w
G af ps;udk zG@J rLS ;u wnfqOJ ya't& ta&;,lrmS r[kwf
ajymif;a&$Œckid ;f onht f wGuf aps;onf (150) a=umif;ajymum vlpkcGJapcJha=umif; tqdkyg
cef@u òrdŒe,ftm%mydik ¶f ;kH rsm;qDo@kd csw D uf a'ocHu qufajymjyygw,f?
awmif;qdck w hJ ,fv@kd od&ygw,f? “trsK;d orD;awGu pk+y;D awmh uGwu f J
tm%mydik rf sm;u ,ckv (15)&uf a&;¶H;k udk oGm;=uw,f? uGwu f aJ &;¶H;k udk oGm;wJh
ae@ aemufqHk;xm;I tcGefvGwfaps;rsm;udk tcg vl}uD;u ra&mufao;awmh (r,u)¶H;k
ajymif;a&$Œ&ef trde@f xw k jf yefxm;cJ+h y;D rvdu
k ef m bufukd qufomG ;wJt h csed f vrf;xdyrf mS &Jwyfz@JG
ygu wnfqOJ ya't& ta&;,lrnf[k a=unm awGu wm;xm;w,f? òrŒd e,frLS ;eJ@ pcef;rSL;wd@k
xm;onht f wGuf ,ckuo hJ @kd csw
D ufawmif; uar;wm/ rif;wd@k bmvkyrf vJayg/h aps;onf
qdck jhJ cif;jzpfa=umif; òrdŒcHwOD;u ajymygw,f? awGu usrwd@k aps;onfae&mwnf+rJa&;/ aps;
“t&ifwkef;u pnfyifom,mu a&mif;&a&;twGuf vl}u;D awGukd toem;cHz@kd /
csay;xm;wJh cGev f wG af ps;&,f/ aemuf 'Dbuf wifjyzd@k usrwd@k vmwmygv@kd ajymw,f? ajym
bke;f }u;D ausmif;a&SŒrSm csay;xm;wJh ae&mawG &if;eJ@ olwdk@uae+yD;awmh aemuf(15)&uf

14 ppftm%m&Sifpepf usqHk;a&;twGuf pnf;vHk;-u/ nD!Gwf-u/ xºuG-u?


twGi;f rSm olw@kd xw k jf yefxm;wJh wnfqOJ ya' bdu
k av;òrŒd ay:wGif ysu
H saps;(4) ck&dS
t& olw@kd u ta&;,lray;ygb;l vd@k ajym+yD; +yD;/ +yD;cJo
h nhf vqef;ydik ;f uwnf;u aps;jyef
jyefvw $ v f u
kd w f m” [k ajymygw,f? vnfae&mcsxm'a&;tzGJ@u vloGm;vlvm
xd@k uohJ @kd aps;onfrsm;csw D ufawmif; enf;yg;onhf òrdŒaomufoHk;a&uefawmf}uD;
qdkr_ESihfywfoufI a'otm%mydkifrsm;u ab;wGif ae&mcsay;cJo h nht f wGuf aps;onf
pkHprf;ppfaq;r_rsm; ðyvkyfaevsuf&Sda=umif; rsm;axmifESihfcsDum tcuftcJóuHawG@ae&
‚if;u ajymygw,f? vsu&f ydS gw,f? Ñ Ñ Ñ
atmifvòH rdŒe,fu awmifol (2)OD;ukd axmif'%f (7) ESpcf s
Dvb, Dec 10,2009
e,fajrcHtm%mydkifawGu v,f yg0ifwidk w
f ef;cJw
h hJ olawGayg?h olw@dk ,majrawG
ajrodr;f qnf;wJt h ay: urBmt h vkyo f rm;a&; jyef&awmh aEG&moDrmS 0ifa&mufxeG , f ufz@dk
&mtzG‹J csKyu f kd wdik =f um;&mrSm yg0ifvufrw S x f ;dk ,mcif;xJrmS &dw S hJ ukid ;f zsm;ukid ;f em;av;awGudk
ol ESpfOD;udk w&m;±kH;u axmif'%f (7)ESpf &Si;f vif;wmukd opfawmOD;pD;rSL;eJ@ &,uðywf
csrw S vf ukd w f ,fv@kd od&ygw,f? ukad tmif0if;wk@d uae &Jpcef;ukd uk^d m%fjrifw h @dk
rauG;wkid ;f atmifvòH rŒd e,f w&m;±k;H u ,luvpfw;Hk awG ckw+f yD; tok;H csaeygw,f
u awmifol OD;^m%fjrifeh @J aygupf av; (ac: ) qk+d yD; wkid w
f ef;w,f? ppfaq;wJt h cg aocsm/
uko d &l atmifw@dk om;tzESpaf ,mufudk jynfol rSeu f efw,fq+dk y;D axmifcsvu dk wf ,f? trSew f
ydik yf pPn;f tvGo J ;Hk pm;r_ yk'rf (6§1)eJ@ axmif u,f olw@dk [m bmrScw k w f mr[kwb f ;l ? rD;
'%f (7)ESppf D csrw S v f u
kd wf myg? olw@kd om; tz aoG;zkww f mvnf; r[kwb f ;l ?” atmifvòH rd@
[m 2007 ckEpS rf mS o=um;pufwm0ef&o dS al wG e,fw&m;ol}uD; OD;0if;jrifu h trde@f csvu dk +f yD;
awmif olawG&@J v,ford ;f wke;f u tdik t f ,fvf wmeJ@ o&ufaxmifudk yk@d vu dk +f yD; trde@f rcscif
tdkudk wdkif=um;olawGxJrSm yg0ifcJh+yD; tdkif atmifvòH rŒd e,f &Jpcef;rSm (4)veD;yg; xde;f odr;f
t,fvt f kd ulnaD jz&Si;f ay;r_a=umihf olw@kd v,f cHc&hJ ygw,f? olw@kd &ŒJ rdom;pk0ifawGu tkid f
awG jyefvyk cf iG &fh cJyh gw,f? tJ'aD emuf opfcw k f t,fvt f u dk dk wkid =f um;&mrSm OD;aqmifv@kd tr_
wJh &Gmom;wcsKŒd u olw@kd v,fay:rSm opfuikd ;f qifaxmifcscHwmvdk‹,lq+yD; t,lcHrwif
&Si;f &if; use&f pfcw hJ hJ opfuikd ;f awGukd ta=umif; awmhb;l vk@d ajymygw,f? “t,lcb H ma=umifh
ðy+yD; opfawmXmeu +yD;cJhwJh=o*kwfvu rwifovJqadk wmh Ekid if aH wmft}u;D tuJawGe@J
w&m;pGcJ w hJ mvk@d rdom;pk0ifwa,mufu &Si;f tkid t f ,fvt f u dk dk wkid x
f m;wJo h al wGjzpfw,f?
jyygw,f? aemufqkH;em;vnfr_ pmc|efv$m&JŒ
“uk^d m%fjrifw h @dk u tkid t
f ,fvt f u dk dk tyd'k rf mS t"rRaxmifcswhJ udpaP wG/ t"rRvyk f
wkid w f ef;wJh tr_xrJ mS vufrw S xf ;dk +y;D OD;aqmif tm;ckid ;f apr_awG rðyvkyyf gb;l vk@d olw@dk taeeJ@

G -f u ?
xGuaf ygufurkd &SmbJ azmufxu 15
uwdu0wf ðyxm;wmudk 'Dvrdk sK;d tr_qif+yD; tkud dk rwkid &f aJ tmif +cdr;f ajcmufwmvk@d rdom;
axmifcswm[m t"rRjzpfae+yD? em;vnfr_ pk0ifawGu ajymygw,f? rw&m;r_awG qufjzpf
pmc|ev
f m$ ukd atmufajctm%mykid af wGu csK;d ae&ifawmh tkid t f ,fvt f edk @J Ekid if aH wmft}uD;
azmufvu dk w
f myJ? 'ga=umifh tkid tf ,fvt f &dk ŒJ tuJawGodatmif qufvufwkdif=um;oGm;
tvkyjf zpfwt hJ wGuf quf+y;D ol@vyk if ef;olvyk f r,fv@dk ajymygw,f? atmifvòH rŒd e,frmS ok;H ESpf
oGm;vdrrhf ,f?” cef‹twGif; tkdift,fvftkdwdkif=um;ol pkpk
w&m;±k;H &JŒ pD&ifcsu[
f m aemufaemif aygif;(20)ausmf w&m;pGJqdk axmifcscH&+yD;
rSm tm%mydik af wG&ŒJ rw&m;r_ukd tkid t f ,fvf jzpfw,fv@kd od&ygw,f? Ñ Ñ Ñ
jr0wDòrŒd &Sd tmZmenfausmufwidk f zsucf &H awmhrnf
Nej, Dec 10,2009
xkdif;- jrefrme,fpyf jr0wDòrdŒ&Sd 0iftrsK;d orD;wpfO;D u tm%mykid x
f rH S wdwf
tmZmenfausmufwidk f pku d x f x
l m;onfh ae&m wqdw0f ,f,v l u
dk o
f nf[k =um;od&a=umif;
tm; pD;yGm;a&;orm;wpfO;D u 0,f,v l u dk o f nfh ,ckvadk jymjyygw,f?
twGuf r=umrD,if;ausmufwidk f tzsucf &H “tJ'Dae&mukd ukefonf}uD;rsm;
awmhrnf[k jr0wDòrdŒcHwOD;u ajymygw,f? toif;OuUX oif;oif;jrwfu 0,fvu dk wf ,f?
tvsm;uku d f (70)/ teHuu dk f (50) tJwm tcka&mif;+yD;awmh taqmuftOD
cef@&Sdonfh xkdae&mtm; ukefonf}uD;rsm; aqmufz@dk vyk rf ,fv@dk ajymw,f? tkwaf wGawmh
toif; OuUXvnf;jzpf jrefrmhtrsK;d orD;a&;&m yHx
k m;+y?D ”,if;ae&mtm; rnfonfh taqmuf
toif;OuUXvnf;jzpfol a':oif;oif;jrwfEiS hf tOD aqmufvyk rf nfudk rod&ao;aomfvnf;
a':0if;0if;jrwfw@dk nDtpfrrS 0,f,v l u dk jf cif; avmavmq,f tkwfjzifh+cHpnf;¶kd;umxm;
jzpfonf[k jr0wDòrŒd cHwpfO;D u ,ckvadk jymjyyg onf[k ‚if;u qufajymygw,f?
w,f? “'Dausmufwkdifae&mukdayghaemf +cH
“a&mif;wmu t&ifajrwkdif;OD;pD; pnf;¶k;d tydwf cwfypfvu dk w
f ,f? ol0,f+yD;rS
a[mif;u a&mif;oGm;wm tJ'DnDtpfrESpf cwfypfvu dk w f m? usaemfxifw,f tdr, f mpDrH
a,mufu0,fxm;wm? olwkd@0,fxm;wm ude;f vkyd pkH rH sK;d taqmuftODyJ aqmufr,fxif
ae&mawmfawmfrsm;rsm;&Sw d ,f? jr0wDurf;ezl; w,f? iSm;pm;zk@d a&mif;pm;zk@d av? ausmufwidk f
wk@d rD;yGKd ifw
h @dk / trsm;}u;D yJ ajruGuaf wGav#muf uawmh ròz&d ao;bl;?”
0,fxm;wm?” ausmufwkdiftjrifh (10)aycef@&Sd+yD;
tjcm;jr0wDòrdŒcHwpfO;D uvnf; xkd vkH;ywf vlwpfzufpmcef@&SdI ausmufwkdif
owif;ESiyhf wfoufI ukeo f nf}u;D rsm; toif; atmufajcav;zufav;wefwGif pkdufxm;

16 'Dru
kd a&pDpepfqw
kd m vlwikd ;f wa,mufe‹J wa,muf av;pm;wJph epfygyJ?
onfh ikwwf idk rf sm;tm; ¶ku d cf sK;d xm;+y[
D k ajymyg xkdae&mtm;0,f,lonfhwefzkd;ukd
w,f? rod&ao;aomfvnf; ,ckEpS t
f wGi;f jr0wDòrdŒ
,if;ausmufwkdiftm; jr0wDòrdŒ ajrta&mif;t0,f aps;E_ef;rsm;rSm ae&m
trSwf(1)&yfuGufY wnfaqmufxm;um aumif;onfh tm&Svrf;r}uD;wav#mufwiG f
,cifu tmZmenfae@ tcrf;tem;rsm;usi;f y tvsm;ay (60)/ teHay (40)us,0f ef;onfh
ðyvkyaf vh&+dS y;D vGecf ohJ nfh oH;k ESpcf ef@u pwifI ajrae&mtm; odef;(700)cef@ aygufaps;&Sdae
tcrf;tem;yJu G si;f yjcif;ukd tm%mykid rf sm;u w,fv@kd od&ygw,f?
ydwyf ifxm;cJyh gw,f? ÑÑÑ
jr0wDòrŒd teD; aus;¶GmOuUX trnfrod aoewform;rsm;ypfcwfI aoqk;H
Irrawaddy, Dec 10,2009
u&ifjynfe,f jr0wDòrdŒe,f rJah xmf jr0wDaq;¶Hrk S 0efxrf;wOD;uvnf;
oav;aus;&Gm OuUX OD;pd;k Edik q f o
kd ul kd +y;D cJo
h nfh “aoewf'%f&meJ@ aoqHk;oGm;cJhwJh rJhaxmf
wevFmae@ nydkif;wGif trnfrod aoewf oav; aus;&GmOuUXudk usaemfw@kd aq;¶Hrk mS
orm;rsm;u vma&muf ypfcwfoGm;ojzifh &ifcpJG pfaq;cJw h m&Sw
d ,f”[k ajymygw,f?
yGcJ si;f +yD;aoqH;k oGm;cJah =umif; od&ygw,f? aoqkH;ol OD;pdk;Edkifonf rJhaxmh
aoewform;rsm;u rJah xmfoav; oav;&Gm &Sr;f pktydik f OuUXjzpf+yD; wbufu
aus;&Gm at;csrf;om,ma&;ESifh zGHŒòzd;a&; ausmif;q&mtvkyf vkyo f jl zpfa=umif;/ ‚if;.
aumifpDOuUX OD;pdk;Ekdif. aetdrfay:odk@vm tdrw f iG f tca=u;aiGjzifh iSm;&rf;upm;&onfh
a&muf ypfcwfomG ;jcif;jzpfonf[k ¶GmcHwOD;u bdv, d ufcv Hk nf; wnfaxmifvyk u f ikd v
f su&f dS
ajymjyygw,f? a=umif; txufyg¶mG cHu ajymygw,f?
“n 8em&D (15)rdepfavmufrSm jr0wDòrŒd awmifbuf (3) rdik cf ef@tuGm
OD;pd;k Edik u
f kd rsuEf mS zH;k pGyx f m;wJh vlwpka&muf rJah xmhoav;&GmwGif ¶Sr;f pkEiS hf Armpk[I l tydik ;f
vm+yD; tdraf y:wufypfomG ;wmyJ/ aoewfoH (2)ydkif;&Sd+yD; tydkif;wydkif;pDwGif OuUXwOD;pD&Sd
ajcmufcsuf=um;vdkuf&w,f/ ol@trsdK;awG a=umif;vnf; od&ygw,f?
ajymwmuawmh usnif g;csurf eS o f mG ;w,fv@kd ,ck ypfcwfr_jzpfyGm;&jcif;ESifhywf
ajymw,f/ yGcJ si;f +y;D aowmyJ/ &GmuvlawGvnf; ouf+y;D / jr0wDòrŒd &Jpcef;od@k qufo, G af r;jref;
a=umuf+y;D b,forl S xGurf =unh&f =J ubl;/ reuf cJ&h m“ol aoewf'%f&mig;csuef J ah ooGm;w,f/
usrS jr0wDaq;¶Hu k kd yd@k vukd &f w,f”[k‚if;u tckavmavmq,f usaemfw@kd ajymEdik w f mu
ajymygw,f? awmh rauseyfv@kd awmbuf(vufeufuikd f

vmrnfhab; ajy;awGΠ17
tzGŒJ rsm;)u vmypfomG ;wmvd@k ,lq&w,f” om;tpnf;t¶k;H (KNU) wyfzŒJG 0ifrsm; 0ifxu G f
[k jyefvnfajz=um;cJyh gw,f? oGm;vmum rnfonft h zGJ @u ypfomG ;onfukd
ppftpdk;&ESifh typftcwf&yfpJa&; cef@reS ;f &cufa=umif; ajymygw,f?
ðyvkyfxm;aom wdk;wufaom Ak'<bmom “'Dupd P b,fo@l vufcsuv f q
J w
kd m
u&iftrsKd ;om;wyfzŒJG (DKBA) wyfom;wOD; odz@kd ppkH rf;ae=uw,f? tcktcsed x f ad wmh vuf
url rJah xmfoav;e,fajronf ,cifu teuf onfray:ao;bl;”[k (DKBA) wyfom;u
a&mife,fajrjzpfc+hJ yD; ,cktcg +idr;f csr;f a&;tzG@J ajymjycJyh gw,f?
rsm;/ etzppftpdk;&wyfrsm;ESifh u&iftrsdK; ÑÑÑ
rckid &f e$ ;f vJ&h nf aoqH;k r+wm0ef&dS q&m0efukd aq;ukocGihf (5) ESpyf w
d yf if
Irrawaddy, Dec 2,2009
&efuek òf rŒd a&$*w
kH ikd f txl;ukaq;cef; v(25)&ufae@wGif aoG;vGefwkyfauG;a&m*g
(SSC)wGif aoqH;k cJa
h om rcdik &f e$ ;f vJ&h nfukd cGJ a=umifh 0rf;Aku d ef maom a0'emjzifh a&$*w Hk idk f
pdwu f o k cJo
h nfh q&m0ef}u;D a'guw f m =unfp;kd aq;cef;od@k a&muf&v dS m&m aq;cef;rS tpm
tm; jrefrmEdik if aH q;aumifpu D aq;ukocGihf tdrEf iS hf tlvrf;a=umif;cGpJ w d f txl;ukq&m0ef
(5)ESpf ydwyf ifvu kd +f yDjzpfa=umif; owif;&&Syd g }uD;u tltwufa&mif a&m*gjzpfaeonf[k
w,f? ajymqk+d yD; cGpJ w d u f o k &mrS atmufwb dk mv
a'guw f m=unfp;kd tm; wm0efr,lr/_ (27)&ufae@wiG f aoqk;H oGm;cJjh cif; jzpfa=umif;
rSm;,Gif;ukor_ESifh qHk;jzwfcsuf rSm;,Gif;r_ od&ygw,f? rcdik &f e$ ;f vJ&h nf aoqH;k +y;D (2) ywf
[laom jypfcsu(f 3)&yfjzifh rcdik &f e$ ;f vJ&h nf ao ausmt f =umwGif &efuek t f ajcpdu
k f v#yw f pf
qHk;&jcif;ESifh ywfouf+yD; ta&;,lcJhjcif;jzpf jyuf*sme,fEiS hf Weekly Eleven owif;*sme,f
a=umif; jynfwiG ;f owif;*sme,f wapmifu wd@k u ‚if;aoqH;k &onfh jzpf&yfEiS yhf wfoufI
ajymygw,f? owif;rsm; a&;om;azmfjycJ=h uygw,f?
rcdik &f e$ ;f vJ&h nf aoqH;k r_EiS hf ywfouf xduk o hJ @kd owif;*sme,frsm;u azmf
I jrefrmEkid if aH q;aumifpu D Ek0d ifbm (26) xk w f w if j ycJ h o nf h t csd e f tawmtwG i f ;
&ufae@wGif pHkprf;ppfaq;r_ aumfrwDzGJŒum a'guw f m=unfp;kd rSm w¶kwjf ynfo@kd c&D;xGuaf e
(30)&ufae@wiG f ‚if;aq;ukor_c, H cl ohJ nfh SSC a=umif; =um;od&ygw,f?
ESihf cGpJ wd u
f qk &m0ef}uD; a'guw f m=unfp;kd udk tqdyk gjzpf&yfEiS hf ywfoufI &efuek f
pwif pHkprf;ppfaq;um ta&;,lvdkufjcif; owif;*sme,f t,f'w D mwOD;u ,ckuo hJ @kd
jzpfygw,f? rD', D m. azmfjyr_a=umifh jzpf&yfreS u f o
kd &d +dS yD;
touf(15)ESpft&G,f (9) wef; ta&;,lEidk cf o hJ nft h wGuf Tjzpf&yfukd trsm;
ausmif;ol rcdik ;f &$e;f vJ&h nfonf atmufwb dk m jynfou l twk,o l ifoh nf[k qdyk gw,f?

18 etz 2010 udk [efcsun


f n
D D wdu
k zf su-f u?
“jzpf&yfrSefudk rD'D,mudk ajym&JwJh ¶kwo f rd ;f ouJo
h @kd rcdik &f e$ ;f vJ&h nf aq;ukor_cH
rdom;pk0ifawGukd cs;D usL;w,f? 'Dvjkd zpf&yfrsK;d ,lc a
h J om (SSC) aq;cef;taeESiv hf nf; um,
awG trsm;}u;D &SEd idk af yr,fh b,forl S rodvu kd f uH&iS f rdom;pktm; 0efcsawmif;yefaprnfjzpf
&bl;? 'Djzpf&yfukd twk,+l yD; vlwidk ;f vlwidk ;f a=umif; od&ygw,f?
rD',
D mudk ajym&JrS aemufyikd ;f b,forl S vuf ,ckuo hJ @kd q&m0efwOD;. aygah vsmh
vGwpf y,f rvky&f rJ mS ”[k olu qufajymyg r_a=umifh vlemwOD; toufqHk;¶_H;&onfh
w,f? “wu,fvdk@ b,folrS rodvdkuf&if owif;udk rD'D,mrsm;wGifazmfjy+yD; vlod&Sif
bmrSrvkyb f J 'Dtwkid ;f yJ +y;D oGm;rSm” [k ‚if;u =um; pHpk rf;ta&;,lr_ ðyvkyo f nfh jzpf&yfrmS
ajymygw,f? jrefrmjynfwiG f yxrqH;k t}urd f jzpfEidk af =umif;
rcdik &f e$ ;f vJ&h nf aoqH;k r_EiS hf ywfouf avhvmolrsm;u oH;k oyfajymqdo k mG ;ygw,f?
I a'guw f m=unfp;kd udk aq;ukocGihf (5)ESpf
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 ÑÑÑ
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
a':atmifqef;pk-unftrd f vHòk caH &;twGuf ðyjyif
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
Irrawaddy, Dec 12,2009
a':atmif 'Dvkd tdrfjyifqifzkd@+yD;cJhwJh oDwif;
qef;pk=unf&JŒ ywfuyJ tm%mydik af wGuae cGiðhf ycJw h m jzpfyg
aetdr+f c0H if;xJ w,f? tckvkd cGiðhf ycsu&f zd@k uv kd nf; tqifq h ifh
udk tar&duef awmif;cHc&hJ wm jzpfw,fv@kd qdyk gw,f? 'gayrJh
EkdifiHom;wOD; 'Duae@rSm aetdrfudkom jyifqifwmjzpf+yD;
ol@oabmeJ@ol a&ul;0ifa&mufc+hJ y;D aemufyikd ;f +c0H if;udk um&Hwm r[kwaf o;wJt h a=umif;/ +c0H if;
aetdrv f òkH cHa&;twGuf jrefrmh'rD u kd a&pDacgi;f vHòk caH &;twGuf tpd;k &uyJquf+y;D wm0ef,x l m;
aqmiftaeeJ@ 'Duae@rmS tdru f kd jyefvnfðyjyif a=umif; tckvkd qufajymygw,f?
rGr;f rHae+yvD @kd ol@r&JŒtusK;d aqmifa&SŒae}u;D jzpf “avmavmq,fumzdk@ tpDtpOf
wJh OD;^m%f0if;u ajymcJyh gw,f? r&Sb d ;l ? tJ'D a&eJ@ urf;pyfe@J (10)ayavmuf
“aetdrf vomaqmifEpS cf u k kd ðyjyif tuGmrSm a&uif;taqmuftODwck &Syd gw,f?
wmyg? vomaqmif ðyjyifwmudu k vkòH cHa&; olw@kd vkòH cHa&; csxm;ygw,f?”
twGuyf g? vomaqmife@J tdrrf }uD;udk 0ifwhJ +yD;cJw
h hJ arvu aetdrrf mS tus,f
xGuw f hJ tayguu f rSew
f cH g;jzpf+y;D awmh oHyef; csKyf uscaH e&wJh a':atmifqef;pk=unf&ŒJ ae
oHwHcg;r&Sdbl;? tJ'gudk vkHòcHa&;t& tcef; tdru f kd tar&duefEidk if o
H m; *|e0f v
D s,
H ufawm
tjzpfzŒJG r,f/ oHyef; oHwcH g;wyfr,f/ tJ'gyg? (John William Yettaw)u tif;vsm;uefbuf
ukd,fem;vnfoavmuf vkHòcHatmifvkyfwJh uae wdww f qdwf a&ul;0ifa&mufcv hJ @kd ppf
oabmyJayg?h ” tpdk;&u a':atmifqef;pk=unfudk aetdrf

ppftm%m&Sifpepf usqHk;a&;twGuf pnf;vHk;-u/ nD!Gwf-u/ xºuG-u? 19


tus,cf sKyf pnf;urf;azmufzsurf e_ @J w&m;pGJ wcsdefwnf;rSmyJ NLD trsKd;om;
qdkcJh+yD; axmif'%f (3)ESpf csrSwfcJhygw,f? 'D
r u
k d a&pD tzGŒJ csKyfu zGŒJ pnf;xm;wJh em*pful
'gayrJh 'Dupd [P m aetdr+f cH0if; vkòH cHa&;,lxm; nDu,fq,fa&; tzGŒJ 0ifawG[mvnf; {&m0wD
olawG&ŒJ wm0efjzpfw,fv@kd a0zef ar;cGe;f xkwf wkid ;f bdu k av;òrŒd udk (2)&uf=um oGm;a&muf+y;D
wmawG &Scd yhJ gw,f? tckvkd tdrjf yifqifciG &hf em*pf'u k oQ nfawGtwGuf vdt k yfwmawGukd
wm[m tdryf ikd q _ kd todtrSwðf y/ rðy ulnaD y;aew,fv@kd vnf; NLD ajymcGi&hf ol
f ikd rf u
d meJ@ rywfoufb;l vd@k vnf; OD;^m%f0if;u a&SŒae}uD; OD;^m%f0if;u ajymqdck yhJ gw,f?
qkw
ajymqdck yhJ gw,f?
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 ÑÑÑ
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123
bwfpu
f m;wkŒd wGif xdik cf rkH &SId jynforl sm; tcuftcJjzpf
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123
Nej, Dec 1,2009
&efuek òf rŒd wGi;f ajy;qJaG eonfh bwfpf um;rsm;ajy;qGaJ eaomfvnf; tJueG ;f rygjcif;/
um;wk@d wiG f xdik cf rkH sm; pepfwuswyfqif&ef cHrk sm;udk 'l;vGwaf tmif rwwfqifbJ vlrsm;
tm%mydkifrsm;u !$ef=um;xm;aomfvnf; rsm;qH&h ef cHak e&mðyjyifxm;jcif;/ &yfp;D c&D;onf
vdkufemjcif;r&Sdojzifh c&D;oGm;jynfolrsm; wifjcif; ponfwkd@a=umifh pdwfat;csrf;om
tcuftcJ jzpfaew,fv@kd o&d ygw,f? rpD;&bJ aps;}u;D ay;&jcif;om tzwfwifa=umif;
,kZe O,smOfòrdŒawmfrS &efuek òf rdŒ wmarGòrŒd e,fwiG f aexdik o f w l OD;u ajymygw,f?
wGi;f ok@d ae@pOftvkyq f if;ol yk*v~ u d ukr% ` D avmavmq,f &efuek òf rdŒwGif ajy;qJaG eonfh
0ef x rf ; wOD ; u um;rsm;teuf ¶d;k ¶d;k bwfpu f m;rsm; tm;vH;k
“usr(62) bwfpf vdv k okd nf twGi;f xdik cf rkH sm;ðzwf+yD; ajy;qJaG e
um;}u;D eJ@ ae@pOf =uygw,f?
òrd Œ xJ u d k vm& txl;um;rsm;rSm rlv Edik if jH cm;u
w,f? um;wdik ;f wywf&pftjzpf wifoiG ;f vmpOfu ygvmonfh
vdv k kd vlrsm;rsm; aumif;rGeaf omxdik cf rkH sm;ukd ðzwfypf+y;D vl (45)
wifEdkifatmif cHkawGtukefvHk; ðzwfxm;=u a,mufpm xdik cf akH e&mwGif vlta,muf (60/
w,f? ab;ESpb f ufrmS yJ opfom;wef;av; ¶ku d f 70) wifEikd &f ef jyefvnfwyfqif=uonft h wGuf
xm;wm&Sw d ,f? um;udk em&D0ufausmaf usmf =uyf!y‡ +f yD; oufaomifo h ufom pD;I r&=u
rwfwyf&yf+yD; ae@wikd ;f pD;&awmh tawmfav; ay? xk@d a=umifh &efuek w f ikd ;f armfawmf,mOfvikd ;f
tcuftcJjzpfw,f? um;=uyf&if ydq k ;kd w,f? aygi;f pHk xde;f odr;f }uD;=uyfra_ umfrwDu xdik cf kH
teH@toufvnf; raumif;/ touf¶v ª nf; ðzwfxm;onfh bwfpu f m;rsm;tm;vH;k owf
r0/ rwfwyfuvnf; &yf&eJ@” [k ajymjyygw,f? rSwcf sut f wdik ;f xdik cf rkH sm;udk jyefvnfwyfqif
usyf (200-300) ay;&onfh txl; &ef +yD;cJhonfh atmufwdkbmvtwGif;u

20 etz 2010 udk [efcsun


f n
D D wdu
k zf su-f u?
!$e=f um;csuf xkwjf yefcyhJ gw,f? rS vma&mufavhvmonfh tzJ@G wcku ajymyg
!$ef=um;csuft& zlqkd/ epfqef;/ w,f? “'Davmufrsm;jym;vSwhJ c&D;onfawG
a'0l;/ [Ge'f ikd ;f ponfh c&D;onfwif,mOf}uD; twGuf toHk;ðyaewJh bwfpfum;awG[m
rsm;wGif c&D;onf (45) OD; vdu k yf gp;D eif;Ekid o
f nfh urBmay:rSm tnHzh si;f qH;k jzpf+yD;/ pDrcH ef@crGJ u
_
xkid cf t
kH a&twGuf yg&&dS rnf[k owfrw S x f m; vnf; tvGefnHhzsif;w,fvdk@ rSwfcsufcs=u
ygw,f? &efuek òf rdŒwGif ae@pOf c&D;onf (3) w,f” [k okawoeðy&mwGif yg0ifun l cD o
Jh nfh
oef;cJcG ef@ c&D;oGm;vmae=ua=umif; *syefEikd if H jrefrmvlrsK;d wOD;u ajymjyoGm;ygw,f? ÑÑÑ
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
5000 usyw
f ef twkvyk o
f w
l csKd Πzrf;qD;&rd[k qdk
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
Irrawaddy, Dec 2,2009
5000 usyw f ef twkðyvkyo f nf[k aomufqikd af wGrmS oGm;+y;D pm;aomuf=uw,f?
,lq&aom vli,fwcsKd Œudk r=umao;cif&uf um&mtdkauqdk yef;uHk;pGyfwmawG vkyf=u
ydik ;f twGi;f u &efuek òf rŒd wGif zrf;qD;rdcaJh =umif; w,fv@kd ajymw,f? pm;aomufqikd f refae*sm
=unfhjrifwdkifòrdŒe,f &Jpcef;rS wm0ef&Sdol u 5000 wefawGuvnf; rsm;aew,f/ aumif
wOD;u ajymygw,f? av;udv k nf; rouFmvd@k olay;wJh 5000 wefe@J
“pDtikd 'f u
D v$aJ jymif; ppfaq;aeyg qdik rf mS &Sw
d hJ ydu
k q f jH yefwu kd f =unfah wmh odomG ;
w,f? usaemfwdk@u owif;t&zrf;w,f/ wm/ qdik &f iS u f &Jukd vSr;f ta=umif; =um;vdu k f
5000weftwk odrf;qnf; &rdwmuawmh wmrSm zrf;rdomG ;wm”[k ajymygw,f?
tukev f ;Hk od+yD;yg+yD? odr;f qnf;&rdwhJ ouf 5000 wef twkvyk o f [l k ,lq&
aocH ypPn;f awGe@J ywfoufv@kd awmh tao; aom vli,fonf touf (20) 0ef;usif
pdyf ajymvd@k r&ao;ygb;l / tckvkd ppfaq;aepOf t&G,jf zpf+y;D e,frv S ma&mufum urm&Gwòf rŒd
umvtwGi;f rSm usaemfw@kd ajymydik cf iG hf r&Syd g e,f/ trSwf (4)&yfuu G f bk&ifah emifvrf;rteD;
bl;? +yD;oGm;&ifawmh usaemfwdk@ &Sif;vif; wdu k t f rSwf (19)wGif iSm;&rf;aexdik af =umif;/
rSmyg”[k ‚if;u ajymjycJyh gw,f? uGefysLwmESifh ywfoufaom tvkyfvkyfol
,if; 5000 usyw f eftwk ðyvkyo f l wOD;jzpfa=umif; oluajymjyygw,f?
[k ,lq&onfh vli,fwOD;udk Ed0k ifbmv (30) xdv k il ,fEiS hf qufpyfaeonfh wjcm;
&ufae@u &efuek òf rdŒ&Sd pm;aomufqikd f wqdik f aomvli,f (3)OD;vnf; zrf;qD;cH&a=umif;
wGif pm;aomufaepOf zrf;qD;cJjh cif;jzpfa=umif; eD;pyforl sm;u ajymygw,f?
od&ygw,f? pwif xde;f odr;f cH&pOfu xdv k il ,f
xdv
k il ,fEiS hf w&yfuu G wf nf; aexdik f (3)OD;udk rdbrsm;u oGm;a&muf awG ch iG &hf &Scd +hJ y;D
ol wOD;uvnf; “'Daumifav;u ol@ oli,f ,ck aemufyikd ;f vH;k 0awGŒcGihf r&awmha=umif;
csif;awGudk rkef@zdk;ay;w,f? aemuf+yD; pm; eD;pyfonfh todik ;f t0dik ;f rS od&ygw,f?

pnf;urf;&S-d u/ pnf;vH;k -u/ nD!w


G -f u = etz 2010 udk wdu
k zf su-f u ? 21
&efuek òf rdŒ&Sd tpd;k & 0efxrf;wOD;u wefe@J vnf; r&if;ES;D bl;av”[k qdyk gw,f?
“tck wcsKd Œaps;awGrmS 5000 wefay;&if aps; tqdyk g 5000 usyw f ef aiGpuUL topf
onfawGu r,lcsi=f ubl;/ twkawGuvnf; udk ppftpd;k &u 2009 ckEpS f atmufwkd bmv
aps;uGux
f rJ mS b,favmufxd a&mufaerSe;f (1)&ufae@wiG f pwifxw k af 0cJjh cif; jzpfygw,f?
vnf; rodb;l / vlawmfawmfrsm;rsm;u 5000 ÑÑÑ
yJc;l bk&m;yGYJ oHCmawmfEiS hf &J t"du±k%;f jzpf
Dvb, Dec 14,2009
yJcl;òrd@ a&$omavsmif;bk&m;yGJrSm trSwf (2)&Jpcef; wm0efus 'k-&Jtyk w
f OD;u
(14)&ufae@ reufykdif;u tm%mykdifawGeJ@ tcif;jzpfw,fqw kd m twnfðyayr,fh tao;
&[ef;ysKdawG t"Du±k%f;jzpfyGm;cJhw,fvdk@ pdwrf ajymEdik af o;bl;vd@k jiif;qkcd yhJ gw,f? “jzpf
od&ygw,f? wmawmh rSeaf wmhreS yf gw,f? tJ'u D pd eP @J ywf
we*FaEGae@ reuf (2) em&Davmuf ouf+yD;awmh wm0efrLS ;/ pcef;r_;awGu c±kid f
rSm Zmwfpifay:wuf+yD; qkcswhJ &[ef;ysKw d yg; rSL;}u;D eJ@ tpnf;ta0;vkyzf @kd oGm;=uw,f?v#KŒd
ukd &Jwyfz@JG 0ifawGu zrf;qD;&muae tcif; 0Sujf zpfaeawmh olw@kd &ŒJ cGiðhf ycsu&f ,l+yD;rS us
pwifjzpfymG ;w,fv@dk rsujf rifwOD;u ajymyg aemfajymvd@k &rSmyg?” tzrf;cH&wJh oHCmawmf
w,f? “qkcs&ygrh vm;qk+d yD; &JvòHk cHa&;u zrf; [m b,fausmif;wku d uf vnf;qkw d mukd pkpH rf;
w,f? jyefvw $ af y;zk@d oHCmawGu 0kid ;f +y;D awmh vk@d r&ao;ygb;l ? bk&m;yGt J eD;w0du k rf mS ausmif;
awmif;qkdwmaygh/ tJ'DrSmwif oHCmtkyfpk wku d af wG trsm;}uD;&S+d yD; tm*E KW oHCmawG
awGu bkef;}uD;zrf;&rvm;qkd+yD; tukefvkH; vnf; pmar;yGaJ jzqkzd @dk òrŒd ay:a&muf aew,fv@dk
±ku d =f uw,f?” yGcJ if;xJrmS &Sad ewJh oHCmtyg; òrdŒcHawGu ajymygw,f?
(60)avmufu vku d of mG ;+yD; &[ef;ysKu d dk jyef tm%mydik af wGu tcif;jzpfymG ;wJh
vGwzf @dk awmif;qk&d muae ±k;H awGudk ±ku d cf sK;d tcsed u f p+y;D bk&m;yGuJ dk ydwx f m;cJah yr,fh 'Dae@
zsuq f ;D =uw,fv@dk vnf; rsujf rifaemufwOD;u rSmawmh yGu J si;f ycGihf wywfxyfciG ðfh yw,fv‹kd
ajymygw,f? a'ocHwOD;u ajymygw,f? “rae@uyJrG ed @f u
“oHCmysKdawG (50)ausmf (60) ydww f ,fav? 'Dae@rS yJrG ed @f jyefziG whf ,fqadk wmh
avmuf qlqn l n H eH @J xGuv f m+yD; &Juakd wGŒ&if oHCmawG pk±;kH pk±;kH eJ@ toHawGawmh xGuaf e
±du k v f @kd atmfvm=uygw,f? atmfvm+y;D awmh wmayg?h tajctaeudk ar#mrf eS ;f vd@k r&ao;bl;
&,u±H;k rSm&dw S hJ qkid ;f bkwaf wG }uHŒckid af &;qkid ;f ayg?h ” 'Dtjzpftysuef @J ywfoufv@kd tm%m
bkw/f &,uqkid ;f bkw/f ±H;k wk@d udk zsuyf pfayg?h ykid af wGu owif;xkwjf yefwm r&Sad o;ygb;l ?
12345678901234567890123456789012
12345678901234567890123456789012
12345678901234567890123456789012
yG±J aHk xmifrh mS &JvòHk caH &; *dww f ck xm;xm;w,f 12345678901234567890123456789012
12345678901234567890123456789012
“PLEASE USE YOUR LIBERTY
12345678901234567890123456789012
tJ'D*dwfukdvnf; olwkd@ ±dkufwmaygh?” yJcl; 12345678901234567890123456789012
TO PROMOTE OURS”
12345678901234567890123456789012

22 rwlwm c%z,f/ wlwmawGeJ‹ pkpnf;/ bHk&efoludk rsufajcrjywfapeJ‹


bdu
k av;òrŒd aus;&Gm (2)&GmY teft,fv'f D t0Dpw
d iG ;f wl;azmfvLS 'gef;rnf
Nej, Dec 8,2009
em*pfavrkew f ikd ;f usa&mufco hJ nfh }uD; odcJh&ygw,f? 'ga=umifh atmufajcudk
jrpf0u|e;f ay:a'o bdu k av;òrdŒe,ftwGi;f &dS wu,f qif;=unf=h uyg? a'ozG@H òz;d a&;vkyif ef;
aus;&Gm (2)&GmwGif t0Dpw d iG ;f (2)wGi;f udk pwif awG trsm;}uD;vky&f ygO;D r,f”[k ‚if;u quf
wl;azmfrnf jzpfa=umif; teft,fv'f D em*pf vufajym=um;cJhygw,f? a&wGif;rsm;ukd ay
avab;u,fq,fa&; aumfrwDOuUÏ OD;tke;f (600)teufxd wl;rnfjzpf+yD; a&=unfrxGuf
óudiu f ajym=um;cJyh gw,f? ygu vkt d yfonfh ayteufudk tcrJx h yfw;l
t0Dpw d iG ;f rsm;udk a&&Snx f ed ;f odr;f ay;rnf[k wGi;f orm;rsm;u tmrcHa=umif;/
Edkifrnhf aus;&Gmtay: =oZmanmif;aom wGi;f wl;crSm wwGi;f ukd (10) ode;f jzifh pmcsKyf
bke;f awmf}u;D ausmif;0if;twGi;f xm;&drS nfjzpf xm;+yD; uefr}uD;/ a&ppfuef/ trk;d / =urf;jyif/
+yD; pufpk-pufqef;'dkife,fteD; usHKu'Gef; a&pkypf uf/ tif*sit f ygt0if usyf (20 -22)
acsmif;eHab; ueD}uD;aus;&GmESihf txufz;kd ndK ode;f ukeu f srmS jzpfygw,f?
aus;&Gmwd@k wiG f wl;azmfrmS jzpfygw,f? tqdyk ga'orS wGi;f a&wd@k wiG f oH"mwf
bdu k av;òrŒd e,f teft,fv'f D pnf; tenf;i,fygwwf+yD; tmZif;epf vH;k 0uif;rJh
¶H;k a&;aumfrwD twGi;f a&;rª; OD;cifarmifcsp/f aeonfrmS a'o. tm;omcsujf zpfaeonf[k
OD;atmifjrifw h @kd u a'owGi;f aomufo;kH a& wGi;f orm;rsm;u ajymygw,f? ,ck t0Dpw d iG ;f
wl;azmfoifhonfh ae&mwdk@udk uGif;qif;avh (2)wGi;f wl;azmf+y;D ygu bduk av;òrŒd rS wae@c&D;
vmum teft,fv'f eD m*pfaumfrwD. qH;k u'Hu k ed atmufbuf yifv,fyikd ;f Y t0Dpw d iG ;f
jzwfcsujf zifh txufyg t0Dpw d iG ;f rsm; wl;azmf (2)wGi;f xyfrw H ;l azmf&ef tpDtpOf&o Sd nf[k
&ef pDpOfcjhJ cif;jzpfygw,f? vnf; od&ygw,f? Ñ Ñ Ñ
“vuf&Sd &efyakH iGukd wGu=f unfah wmh a':atmifqef;pk-unf txde;f odr;f cHc&hJ o!fu
h mvrsm;
aemufxyf aomufa&wGi;f awG xyfw;l zd@k vHk
avmufaewm awG@&w,f? 'gudk tvª&Sif yxrt}udrf txdef;odrf;cH&jcif; = 1989 ck E S p f
ta&muftayguef nf;wJh a'oawG&,f/ aus; Zlvkdifv (20) &ufae‹rS 1995 Zlvkdifv (10)&ufae‹
&Gmvlxk aomufoHk;a&vdktyfcsufudk jznfh txd ?
qnf;Edik zf @kd &,f ckvkd uGi;f qif;wl;azmfjcif;jzpf 'kwd,t}udrf txdef;odrf;cH&jcif; = 2000 ck E S p f /
pufwifbmv (23) &ufae‹rS 2002 ckESpf/ arv (6)
ygw,f”[k OD;tke;f óudiu f ajymygw,f? &ufae‹txd?
“c&D;pOfwav#muf tm%mydik af wG wwd,t}udrf txdef;odrf;cH&jcif; = 2003 ck E S p f /
&JŒ uef@owfwm;jrpfra_ wG r&dyS gb;l ? 'gayr,fh arv (30) &ufae‹rS ,ae‹txd?
tef*st D dk tygt0if a'otm%mydik w f csKŒd &JŒ pwkxWt}udrf txdef;odrf;cH&jcif; - 2009ckESpf/
tusiyhf suf jcpm;r_/ ,dzk w d rf _ owif;awG trsm; -o*kwfv (11)&uf?

trsm;jynfol oabmrwlwJh trdef‹tm%m[lor# wm0eft&zDqef-u 23


1234567890123456789
1234567890123456789
,cifvrStquf â 1234567890123456789
1234567890123456789
owif;pmq&m}u;D OD;0if;wifEiS hf
1234567890123456789
1234567890123456789
qufo, G af r;jref;csuf
1234567890123456789
ar;? ? 2008 tajccH Oya'xJ 1990a&G;aumufyGJ
u b,ftcsuaf wGukd ta&;w}uD; jyifqif &v'fu useaf ew,f
apcsiw f mvJ? As/ 'g}u;D ukd usaemfw@kd
ajz? ? tcsuaf ygi;f (12) csuf vufxJrSm&SdwhJ puULpkwfav;vdk/ opf&Guf
avmuf&Sdw,f? ajymEkdifwmu wyfrawmf ajcmufv/kd opfuikd ;f ajcmufvkd v$irhf ypfEidk b f ;l As/
onf Edik if aH &; OD;aqmifrr_ mS yg0if&r,f qdw k Jh 'g}uD;[m usaemfw@kd awG nHv h @kd / tajctae
tajccHrl trSw(f 6)ukd vufrcHb;l As? tajccH ray;vd@k od@k r[kwf ppftpd;k & zdEydS cf sKyfcs,v f @kd
Oya'udk (75)&mcdkifE_ef; txufrSm&rSom b,fvydk aJ jymajym taumiftxnf razmfEidk f
jyifEidk rf ,f qdw
k t
Jh csuu f v kd nf; jyifz@kd ygw,f? ao;bl;? trsK;d om;nDvmcH}uD;om +yD;oGm;
aemufwcku wdik ;f &if;om;bufukd =unfw h Jh w,f? tajccH Oya'om +y;D oGm;w,f? 'D 1990
tcgusawmh jynfe,fvw $ af wmf OuUÏae&m &v'fukd 'Dae@txd y,fzsujf cif; rvkyEf idk af o;
twGuf AdkvforRwuae csay;wmudk 'D bl;? vkyv f @dk vnf; rjzpfb;l As?
atmufajcu jiif;cGirhf &Sb d ;l ? tJ'v D rkd sK;d [mav; NLD xJrm S vnf;yJ 'Dygwu D kd ESpaf ygi;f
awGu 'D wdik ;f &if;om;awGe@J ywfoufv@kd vnf; (20)avmuf xde;f odr;f vmwhJ vlawG&w dS ,f?
t"du tusq;kH jzpfw,f/ jyifz@dk vw dk ,f? usaemfuawmh ta&;awmfyrkH mefe@J vkyaf eyg
ar;? ? a&G;aumufy0JG ifa&; r0if w,f/ 'D NLD xJrmS &Sw d Jh wcsKŒd yk*K~ v d af wGu
a&;eJ@ ywfoufv@kd NLDxJrmS oabmxm;uGJ awmh qifjcifww kH &m;^m%fe@J pOf;pm;aew,f/
vGaJ ewm/ tjiif;yGm;zG,f jzpfaewmwd@k e@J ywf rmefe@J ^m%fe@J uawmh enf;enf;av; wcgcg
ouf+yD; bmajymcsiyf govJ? usawmh rmefuenf;enf;wif;wif;&Srd ,f/ ^m%f
ajz? ? ud,k ahf cgi;f aqmifawGu uawmh Edi_ ;f Edi_ ;f csed cf sed &f rSd ,f?
vnf; ta&;awmfyu kH xGuv f mwhJ acgi;f aqmif 'Dppftpd;k &u ajymif;r,fv@kd olw@kd u
awGAs/ usaemfvnf; ta&;awmfyHk umvwke;f enf;enf; xifaewm/ usaemfuawmh rajymif;
u pme,fZif;or*~rSm acgif;aqmifchJw,f/ bl;vd@k xifaew,f/ tJrmS enf;enf; uGaJ ewm
axmifxrJ mS tESpf (20)avmuf aecJ@wo Jh ?l aygAh sm? ppftpd;k &u olw@kd ukd vdu k af vsmr,f/
tJ'aD wmh 'Dta&;awmfypkH eH @J yJwikd ;f wm+y;D awmh ouf!‡mr,f/ ppftpdk;& aysmhajymif;vmEkdif
a&G;aumufyeJG @J ywfoufv@kd usaemfu enf; w,f/ em;vnfr&_ v dS mEdik w f ,f/ taumif;buf
enf;cyfjyif;jyif;av;pOf;pm;w,f/ ajymqdw k ,f? udk a&SΦlvmEkid w f ,fv@kd tJ'v D x kd ifae=uwhv J l
aemufwydik ;f uvnf; bmvJqakd wmh awGy?J ppftpd;k &uawmh cgwikd ;f acgi;f rmovdk

24 ppftkyfpk. 2010 a&G;aumufyGJtm; qefŒusifwdkufzsuf-u


acgi;f rmaewmyJ/ olw@kd &ŒJ oufq;kd &Snzf @kd / ppf ac:whJ tiftm;pkawG aemufwcg +idr;f csr;f a&;
tkyfcsKyfa&;udk oufwrf;&Snfzdk@ vkyfwmyJ&Sd tzG@J wcsKŒd ayg/h rGex f rJ mS / ucsirf mS pojzifh tJ'v D kd
w,f? [mawGuvnf; a&G;aumufyb GJ ufudk qJaG e
jynfyrSm&Sw d Jh vli,ftzG@J tpnf;awG/ wmayghAsm?
&[ef;awG/ 'Dru kd a&pDtiftm;pk/ vlrsK;d pkawG NLDu (1990)wke;f u a&G;aumuf
uawmh 'Da&G;aumufyu JG kd oydwaf rSmuf=ur,f yGEJ ikd x
f m;w,f/ a&G;aumufy&JG v'fukd taumif
qdw k Jh toHrsK;d awmh xGuaf ewmyJ? txnf azmfEidk jf cif;bmrSr&Sb d ;l ? tckwcg (90)
jynfwiG ;f rSmvnf; 'D a&G;aumufyu JG kd a&G;aumufyGJ&v'fudk ausmcdkif;+yD;awmh 'D
0ifawmhr,fv@kd ajymwhJ Ekid if aH &;tiftm;pkaygh topfjzpfwJh a&G;aumufyu JG x kd yf+y;D awmh atmf
odyt f iftm; }uD;}uD;rm;rm;awmh r[kwb f ;l / &OD;r,fq&kd if NLDu awmfawmfukd rsuEf mS
olw@kd &ŒJ acgi;f aqmifr/_ olw@kd &ŒJ odumQ orm"d ajymifwu kd +f yD; vkyrf o
S mjzpfr,fh taexm;rsK;d
}u;D wmawmh rSeyf gw,f? jrefrmjynf Ekid if aH &;udk jzpfaewmud;k As?
òc=H unfv h u
kd &f if 'Dru
kd a&pD tiftm;pkawG/ wdik ;f NLDuawmh tckxdawmh b,f
&if;om;tiftm;pkawG jynfwiG ;f a&m jynfyrSm bufurkd S rygao;wm/ tJ'[ D mu vuf&EdS idk if H
a&m oabmxm;u a&G;aumufyeJG @J ywfouf a&;taexm;yJ/ NLD a&G;aumufyJG 0ifawmh
+yD;awmh jywfjywfom;om;yJ/ Novd@k atmfae r,f/ ok@d r[kwf r0ifb;l qd&k if Ekid if aH &; yd+k y;D awmh
wmyJ? wbufuvnf; wwd,tiftm;pkv@kd jywfjywfom;om; jzpfvmr,f? Ó Ó Ó
xdik ;f bk&if arG;aeŒtwGuf jrefrmtvkyo
f rm;rsm;vnf; vSL'gef;
Irrawaddy, Dec 5,2009
'DZifbmv ESihf zHŒG òzd;r_azmifa';&Si;f rS wm0ef &do
S w
l pfO;D u
(5)&ufae@wGif ajymygw,f?
us a&mufaom xdik ;f Ekid if tH ES@H wiG &f adS om jrefrmjynf
xd k i f ; bk & if . om;trsm;tjym;onf xkid ;f bk&if. arG;ae@yGJ
(82) ESpaf jrmuf udk *k%fðyonfhtaejzifh a&muf&Sd&mae&m
arG;ae@txdrf;trSwftjzpf jrefrmtvkyf tvku d /f tzJ@G tpnf;tvku d pf ak ygi;f I tcrf;
orm;rsm;ESifh xkid ;f vlrt
_ zJ@G tpnf;rsm; yl;aygi;f tem;toD;oD; ðyvkyaf vh&ydS gw,f? “bke;f }u;D
+yD; befaumufòrdŒ r[mcsKd ift&yf&Sd bke;f }uD; ausmif;rSm tvkyo f rm;awG&ŒJ vkyt f m;eJ@&wJh
ausmif;wausmif;wGif tvSLyJGusif;yðyvkyf aiGawGukd vSLw,f? tpk;d &XmeawGukd zdw+f yD;
oGm;a=umif; owif;&&Syd gw,f? tvkyo f rm;tcGit h f a&;eJ@ywfoufwh J ta=umif;
xkyd u
GJ kd xkid ;f vlr_ tzJ@G tpnf; (5)zJ@G t&mawGukd a[majymyJv G yk w f ,f? aemuf+yD;
uOD;aqmifusi;f yoGm;a=umif; vl@tcGit hf a&; use;f rma&;XmeawGuv kd nf; zdww f ,f? tvkyf
rSeu
f efwhJ OD;aqmifre+ ‹J vlxu
k kd OD;aqmif = etz 2010 ud±k u
kd cf sKd ; 25
orm;awGukd use;f rma&;eJ@ ywfoufwhJ aqmif tvkyv f yk af eaom &Sr;f wkid ;f &if;olwOD;u ajym
&efa&Smif&efawGuv kd nf; a[myGaJ wGðyvkyo f mG ; ygw,f?
w,fv@kd vnf; od&ygw,f? bk&if}uD;. arG;ae@yu GJ kd Edik if w
H 0ef;
bk&if}u;D . arG;ae@txdr;f trSwt f jzpf vH;k wGi&f adS om xkid ;f jynforl sm;u crf;em;pGm
csi;f rdik Ef iS hf rJaqmufòrdŒ&Sd jrefrmtvkyo f rm; ðyvkyaf y;vsu&f ydS gw,f? xdik ;f bk&if}uD;onf
rsm;. pkaygif;aoG;vSLyJGrsm;vnf;ðyvkyfoGm; touft&G,t f & use;f rma&;csK@d wahJ eaomf
a=umif; od&ygw,f? “usrwk@d tvkyo f rm; vnf; arG;ae@yo JG @kd ud,
k wf ikd w
f ufa&mufa=umif;
awGtaeeJ@ bk&if}uD;&JΠarG;ae@a&mufwidk ;f ESpf udv
k nf; xkid ;f Ekid if x
H w
k of wif;pmrsm;wGif azmfjy
pOf 'Dvakd oG;vSLjzpfygw,f”[k csi;f rdik òf rdŒwGif xm;ygw,f? Ó Ó Ó
ajrmufu&kd ;D ,m; av,mOfyg vufeufrsm; befaumufwiG f zrf;rd
Irrawaddy, Dec 14,2009
ajrmufu&dk ;D ,m;Ekid if H òrdŒawmfòyH,rf;rS yso H ef;
vmjcif;jzpf+y;D 'Ge;f armif; avqdyw f iG f qDjznf&h ef
twGuf qif;oufciG hf awmif;cHco hJ nf[k xkid ;f
bk&ifah vwyfrS ajymcGi&hf Akv d }f u;D rGew
f ,fq[ l dk
cGeu f ajymygw,f? a'owGi;f owif;pmrsm;
ajrmufu&dk ;D ,m; av,mOfrS w&m; wG i f ‚if ; av,mOf o nf oD & d v uF m Ed k i f i H
r0ifvufeufrsm;tm; befaumufòrŒd 'Geaf rmif; ok@d r[kwf ygupPwefEidk if o H @dk qufvuf c&D;quf
avqdyw f iG f zrf;qD;&rdcwhJ ,fv@kd od&ygw,f? vdrrhf nf[k xifa=umif;/ ajrmufu&dk ;D ,m; Ekid if H
tqkyd g tDvsL&Si;f (76) trsKd ;tpm; onf tm&S/ tmz&duESihf vufwiftar&du
ukew f ifav,mOfonf +yD;cJo h nfh paeae@u Ekid if rH sm;ok@d w&m;r0ifvufeufwify@kd aea=umif;
'Gefarmif;avqdyfodk@ qDjznfh&ef a&muf&SdpOf a&;om;xm;ygw,f?
xkid ;f tm%mykid w f @dk u &SmazGc&hJ m a&mhuwf av,mOfay:wGif vkdufygvmonfh
avmifcsmrsm;/ ajrjyifrS a0[ifypf';Hk ysrH sm;tyg vl (5)OD;u zrf;rdco hJ nfh vufeufrsm;ESihf ‚if;wd@k
t0if vufeufppk ak ygi;f (35)wefudk zrf;qD;& roufqkdifa=umif; jiif;qkdxm;aomfvnf;
rdcyhJ gw,f? ‚if;wk@d tm; tmrcHray;Ekid af =umif;/ ¶k;H wifppf
av,mOfay:wGif vkdufygvmonfh aq;rnfjzpfa=umif; xkdif;&Jrª;}uD; Supisarn
Pakdinarunartu ajymygw,f?
umZufpwef Ekid if o H m; (4)OD;ESihf bDvm¶kpEf idk if H
om;wOD;ukv d nf; zrf;qD;cJah =umif; owif;rsm; xkid ;f Ekid if jH cm;a&; 0ef}uD;XmerS ajym
wG i f azmf j yxm;ygw,f ? av,mOf o nf a&;qkcd iG &hf o
dS l Thani Thongphakdi u ,ckuo hJ @dk

26 a':atmifqef;pk-unf/ OD;wifOD;ESifh EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om;rsm; csufcsif;v$wf?


0ifa&muf &SmazG&jcif;rSm ajrmufu&dk ;D ,m;Edik if H ajrmufu&dk ;D ,m; aqG;aEG;r_awGudk qk;d usK;d awG
tm; ukvor*~rS vufeufwify@dk a&mif;csciG hf oufa&mufvmr,hf tvm;tvm&daS eygw,f”
ydwyf ifxm;aoma=umifh jzpfa=umif; ajymyg [kqkdygw,f? Tokd@zrf;qD;r_ESifh ywfoufI
w,f? xko d @dk ukvor*~yw d yf if ta&;,lc&hJ xkid ;f tm%mykid rf sm;ukd tar&duefjynfaxmif
jcif;rSm +y;D cJo
h nfh ZGev f twGi;f ajrmufu&dk ;D ,m; pku owif;ay;onf[k a'owGi;f owif;pm
u EsLuvD,m; prf;oyfcrhJ /_ wma0;ypf 'k;H ysrH sm; rsm;u a&;om;=uaomfvnf; xkdif;EkdifiH&Sd
prf;oyfypfvw $ rf w _ @kd a=umifh jzpfygw,f? w&m; tar&duefoH¶kH; ajymcGifh&yk*~dKvf rkdufu,f
r0if vufeufa&mif;0,faer_rsm; &yfqidk ;f oGm; wmemurl TudpEP iS hf ywfoufI wpkw H &m
ap&ef/ tar&duef/ w¶kw/f ¶k&mS ;/ *syef/ awmif rSwcf suaf y;jcif; r&Sad y?
uk&d ;D ,m;ESihf ajrmufu&dk ;D ,m; (6)Edik if H EsLuvD; xkid ;f tm%mykid w f @dk taejzifh TudpP
,m;aqG;aEG;yGo J @dk ajrmufu&dk ;D ,m;Edik if H jyefvnf udk tao;pdwf pkpH rf;ppfaq;+y;D v#if ukvor*~/
yg0if v map&ef jzpf y gw,f ? “usaemf w k d @ bDvm¶kpEf iS hf umZufpwefEikd if rH sm;ok@d ta=umif;
aoaocsmcsmppfaq;+yD; ukvor*~ ydwq f @dk =um;rnfjzpfa=umif; xkdif;'kwd,0ef}uD;csKyf
ta&;,la&;aumfrwDudk tao;pdwf tpDt&if Suthep Thaugsuban uajymygw,f?
cHr,f”[k Thani Thongphakdi u qkyd gw,f? “jynfoal wG taeeJ@ a=umufvef@
,ckjzpf&yfonf tar&duefEidk if EH iS hf aezkd@ rvkdygbl;/ vlod&Sif=um; pkHprf;+yD;awmh
ajrmufukd&D,m;EkdifiHt=um; ðyvkyfaeonfh Ekid if w
H umukd w&m;0if owif;xkwjf yefay;
EsLuvD;,m;aqG;aEG;yJG ysujf ym;oGm;Ekid af =umif; r,f” [k ‚if;uqkyd gw,f? ,cktcg zrf;qD;&rdchJ
avhvm tuJcwforl sm;u oH;k oyf=uygw,f? onfh vufeufrsm;ukd ppftajcpku d pf cef;jzpf
EsLuvD;,m; vufeufzsuo f rd ;f a&; aqG;aEG;yGJ onfh ecGepf 0rfjynfe,f&dS ppfpcef;ok@d a&$;ajymif;
ok@d ajrmufu&dk ;D ,m;tpk;d & jyefvnfwufa&muf xm;+yD; jzpfa=umif;vnf; od&ygw,f?
&ef tar&dueforRwtkb d m;rm;. txl;uk, d f +yD;cJo
h nfh Zlvidk vf twGi;f uvnf;
pm;vS,t f zGŒJ òy, H rf;òrŒd ok@d (3) &ufc&D; oGm;a&muf jrefrmEkid if t H wGuf w&m;r0if vufeufrsm;
aqG;aEG;cJ+h yD; aemufyidk ;f ,ckuo hJ @dk zrf;qD;&rdchJ wifaqmifvmonf[, k q
l &aomKang Nam1
jcif; jzpfygw,f? trnf&dS ajrmufu&dk ;D ,m; ukew f ifoabmFonf
awmifukd&D;,m;EdkifiH qkd;vfòrdŒ&Sd tar&duef ppfoabmFwpD;u aemufa,mifcH
North Korean Studies wuUov dk rf S ygarmuQ vku d v f H apmif=h unfch ohJ nft h wGuf ‚if;Ekid if q H yd f
Yang Moo-Jinuvnf; “'Djzpf&yfa=umihf ajcmuf urf; eifyo dk @dk jyefvnf ckwaf rmif;oGm;cJ&h onf
Ekid if aH qG;aEG;yJu G dk ajrmufu&dk ;D ,m;jyef+yD; wuf [kvnf; od&ygw,f?
a&mufa&; aqmif&u G cf suaf wGe@J tar&duef - ÓÓÓ

tusOf;uscH wdkif;&if;om;acgif;aqmifrsm;tm; csufcsif;v$wf? 27


,kw&dW o
dS nfh a&G;aumufyJG jzpf&rnf[k *syef0ef}u;D csKyf ,wdjywfajymqdk
Nej, Dec 10,2009

ppf t pd k ; &u t0ifjzpfw,f”[k ta&SŒwDarmorRwu


2010 jynf h E S p f w G i f xyfavmif; ajymqdck yhJ gw,f? tm&Sa'owGi;f
usi;f yrnfqo kd nfh a&G; 'Drukd a&pD zG@òH z;d wd;k wufa&;twGuf ðyvkyo f nfh
aumufyGJonf EdkifiH bmvD'rD u kd a&pDz&kd rfwiG f tmqD,t H ygt0if
wumu vufcEH ikd rf nfh tm&Sa'owGif; EdkifiHwkd@rSudk,fpm;vS,frsm;
,kw&dW o dS nhf a&G;aumuf wufa&mufc=hJ u+y;D Oa&myESihf tar&duefjynf
yGJjzpf&rnf[k *syef0ef}uD;csKyf ,luDtdk[wdk axmifpw k @kd vnf; avhvmolrsm;tjzpf wuf
,mru ,wdjywfajymqdv k u kd yf gw,f? a&muf=uygw,f?
tqdyk gajym=um;csuu f kd tif'ekd ;D &Sm; *syef0ef}uD;csKyfu jrefrmppftpkd;&
Edik if H bmvDu|e;f wGif usi;f yaeonfh 'kw, d tm; zrf;qD;xm;onfh Edik if aH &;tusO;f om;rsm;
t}udrf bmvD'rD u kd a&pDz&kd rfwiG f tzGirhf ed @f ceG ;f udk jyefv$wfay;&efESihf w&m;r#wonfh a&G;
tjzpf ajym=um;&mY xnho f iG ;f ajymqdo k mG ; aumufyjJG zpfap&ef ,ckEpS t f wGi;f *syefEikd if /H
jcif;jzpfygw,f? “*syef0ef}uD;csKyf ajymwmu wduk sKòd rŒd wGif usi;f yonfh rJacgijf rpf0rS ;f (5) Edik if H
ppftpd;k &&JΠ2010 a&G;aumufy[ JG m ygwt D m; tpnf;ta0;Yvnf; ajym=um;cJyh gw,f?
vHk; vlxkvlwef;pm;tm;vHk; yg0ifEdkif&r,f? tqdyk gtcsurf sm;udk vdu k ef mrSom
aemuf Edik if w H umuvnf; vufcEH ikd w f hJ w&m; vlom;csi;f pmemaxmufxm;r_qikd &f m tul
r#wwJh a&G;aumufyt JG jzpf usi;f y&r,f? tJvkd tnDrsm;udk *syefEikd if u H tjynft h 0 jyefvnf
tzGirhf ed @f ceG ;f rSm ajymw,f”[k zd&k rfwufa&muf ay;tyfrnf[v k nf; ajym=um;cJyh gw,f? *syef
aeonfh jrefrmowif;or*~ twGif;a&;rª; tpk;d &onf jrefrmEkid if u H dk vlom;csi;f pmem
OD;pHr;kd a0u ajymygw,f? axmufxm;r_qikd &f m tultnDtrsm;qH;k ay;
(2) &uf=umusi;f yrnfh 'kw, d t}urd f aeaomEdik if jH zpf+yD; pufwifbm oHCmhta&;
bmvD'Drdkua&pDzdk&rfudk tif'dkeD;&Sm;orRw/ tcif;wGif *syefowif;axmuf aoqHk;cJh+yD;
*syef0ef}u;D csKy/f ta&SŒwDarm orRwESihf b¶lEikd ;f onfah emuf ulnrD u _ kd av#mch scyhJ gw,f?
'g¶q k vif bk&ifw@kd u obmywdtjzpf aqmif jrefrmEdik if q
H ikd &f m *syefot H rwf}u;D
&Guyf gw,f? “a'owGi;f rSm&Sw d hJ vlom;wkid ;f [m uvnf; owif;pmq&m}uD; OD;0if;wifudk
'Dru kd a&pDe@J 'Dru kd a&pD&ŒJ toD;tyGiu hf kd cHpm;& ,ckESpftwGif; zdwf=um;awG@qHkcJh+yD; jrefrmh
r,f? tJ'x D rJ mS jrefrmEdik if o H m;awGvnf; tyg ta&;udk aqG;aEG;cJyh gw,f? Ó Ó Ó

28 ppftm%m&Sifpepf usqHk;a&;twGuf pnf;vHk;-u/ nD!Gwf-u/ xºuG-u?


orRw tdb
k m;rm; Ekb
d v
J q
f k vufcH
tar&duef orRwb&ufct f bdk m;rm; (Barack Obama)[m urBmph ifjrihrf mS p+y;D wm0ef
xrf;aqmifwhJ umvrSmyJ &Sad eygao;w,fv@kd aemfa0;Ekid if H atmfpvdòk rdŒawmfrmS 2009 ckEpS f
Ekb
d v
J +f idr;f csr;f a&;qkukd vufc&H ,l&if;eJ@ ajym=um;oGm;cJyh gw,f? rmwifvo l muif; *sLeD,m
(Martin Luther King, Jr.)vdk e,fvq f if rif'v J m; (Nelson Mandela)wk@d vdk t&ifuEkb d vJ f +ird ;f csr;f
a&;&cJo
h al wGe@J E_id ;f ,SO&f ifawmh ol@&ŒJ pGr;f aqmifEidk rf [
_ m rajymyavmufygb;l vd@k orRw tkb d m;
rm;u qkcs;D jr‡iw fh hJ tcrf;tem;rSm ajymoGm;cJw h ,fv@kd od&ygw,f? Ó Ó Ó
ukvor*~ &moDOwk nDvmcH}uD; ukyd ifa[*ifrmS pwifusif;y
&moDOwk ajymif;vJrq _ idk &f mnDvmcHukd ukvor*~&ŒJ pnf;¶k;H a&;rª;u (12)&ufwm
usi;f yr,fh udyk ifa[*if nDvmcH[m ðyjyifv@dk r&wJh uyfab;'kuaQ wGuae urBm}u;D uku d ,fwifz@kd
aemufq;Hk tcGit fh a&; jzpfw,fv@kd nDvmcHziG yhf rGJ mS ajym=um;vku d yf gw,f? Ekid if aH ygi;f (192)
Ekid if u
H ud, k pf m;vS,af wG wufa&mufvm=uwJh 'Dnv D mcHrmS odyyH` nm&Sit f rsm;pkajymae=uwJh
urBm}uD; ylaEG;vmr_ujkd zpfapwJh zefvt Hk rd "f mwfaiGŒav#mch sz@dk pmcsKyfwckukd oabmwlvufrw S f
a&;xk;d zd@k óud;pm;=urSm jzpfw,fv@kd od&ygw,f? Ó Ó Ó
¶k&mS ; n uyG¶J kH rD;avmifr+ vl (100)ausmf aoqH;k
¶k&mS ; Edik if u
H Edu
k uf vyf (Nightclub) wckrmS paeae@u rD;avmifv@kd vlaygi;f (102)
a,muf aoqH;k cJ&h wJt h wGuf Edu k u
f vyf ydik &f iS ef @J refae*smudk oufqikd &f mu xde;f odr;f xm;yg
w,f? yrf; (Perm) òrdŒu vdr;f a[mhpf (Lame Horse) Edu k uf vyfrmS vdu k ef m&r,fh pnf;urf;csuf
awGukd csK;d azgurf e_ @J wm0ef&o dS l (2)a,mufukd zrf;qD;xm;ygw,f? Edu k uf vyfxrJ mS yHrk eS f rD;&SL;rD;
yef;awGavmuf tyl&edS rf jyif;wJh rD;yef;awGazgucf &hJ mu acgirf ;kd rD;pGaJ vmifcyhJ gw,f? rD;avmifr_
a=umifh vlaygi;f (134)a,mufxufrenf; '%f&m&cJyh gw,f? Edu k uf vyf refae*sm[m vdu k ef m
oifwh hJ pnf;urf;csuaf wGukd t}urd }f urd o f wday;aewJ=h um;u rvdu k ef mcJb
h ;l vd@k wm0ef&o dS al wGu
ajymygw,f? orRw 'Drx D &DrufA;D ,m;'yf (Dimitty Medvedev)uvnf; wm0ef&o dS al wGrmS
OD;aESmufyJ r&Sw d mvm;/ tod^m%fyJ uif;rJah ewmvm;vd@k jyif;xefwhJ toH;k tE_e;f awGo;kH +yD;
ajymcJwh ,f od&ygw,f? Ó Ó Ó
qufo,f&ef  shwekhamaukhq@gmail.com, www.nldla.net.
P.O Box (34)Mae Sot,Tak 63110. Thailand.

G -f u ?
xGuaf ygufurkd &SmbJ azmufxu 29
w¶kw=f jrefrme,fpyfwiG f A(H1N1) wkyaf uG; pwifa&muf&Sd
Nej, Dec 14,2009
w¶kw-f jrefrme,fpyf w¶kwjf ynf/ avmufv@kd q+kd yD; ajymw,f? wuUpo
D rm;wd@k /
a&$vòD rŒd wGif urBm@vw l yk af uG;a&m*g A(H1N1) bwfpu f m;'¶dik b
f mwd@k / +y;D awmh 0efxrf;awGukd
yd;k awG@&oSd l ausmif;om;rsm;udk +y;D cJo h nfh oDwif; t"du OD;pm;ay;xdk;ay;aewm”[k ajymyg
ywftwGi;f pwifawG@&cSd o hJ jzifh a&$vòD rdŒay:&dS w,f?
txufwef;/ tv,fwef;/ rlvwef;ESihf rlóud a&$vòD rŒd e,ftwGi;f &dS pmoifausmif;
ausmif;rsm;tm;vH;k +yD;cJo h nfh aom=umae@rS rsm;tm;vHk; ydwfxm;&aoma=umihf tqdkyg
pI ydwx f m;cJw h ,fv@kd od&ygw,f? a&m*gEiS hf ywfoufI a'ocHrsm;t=um; yd+k yD;
a&$vòD rdŒe,f w¶kwt f pd;k & tm%m owdðyrdum *¶kpu kd rf r_ sm;vnf; awG@vmae&
ydik rf sm;u ausmif;rsm;tm;vH;k udk ydwcf ikd ;f cJ+h yD; a=umif; a&$vaD 'ocHwOD;u ajymygw,f? ‚if;
rlóudausmif;udv k nf; (10)&uf=um ydwx f m; u “tcsKdŒvlawGuawmh ESmacgif;zHk;wyf+yD;
rnfjzpfum umuG,af q;xd;k &ef tpDpOfrmS rl oGm;vmwmawG&w Sd ,f? ESpEf ikd if H e,fpyf*w d f
txuftm%mydkifrsm;u wpHkw&majymqdk aygufrSmawmh w¶kwf/ jrefrmESpfbufpvHk;
vmjcif; r&daS o;I rod&ao;a=umif; w¶kwf pmuyfxm;w,f? ud, k t f ylcsed w
f ufae&if/ zsm;
ausmif;q&mrwOD;u ajymygw,f? ‚if;u “ ae&ifuse;f rma&;Xmeudk owif;yd@k yg? aq;ppfr_
tv,fwef;ausmif;u ausmif;om; (3) a,muf cH,lygaygh? jrefrmbufjcrf;u *dwfrSmvnf;
rSm tJvakd &m*gy;kd awG@awmh 'Duausmif;awG use;f rma&;Xmeu q&mrawG &daS ew,f? enf;
tm;vH;k ydwx f m;cdik ;f wmyg? umuG,af q;xd;k enf;zsm;emyHk ayguaf e&ifawmh tylcsed w f ikd ;f ppf
wmuawmh 'Dausmif;u ausmif;om;awG aq;rSmayg?h +yD;awmh vlwikd ;f pm&Gurf mS azmif
twGuf avmavmq,f tpDpOfr&daS o;bl;” jznf&h w,f? trnf/ touf/ rSwyf w kH ifeyH wf/
[k ajymygw,f? b,fudkoGm;r,faygh? rzsm;ygbl; qdkwmaygh?
a&$vDòrdŒ/ a&m*gumuG,faq;xdk; pm&Gurf mS a&;&w,f”[k ajymygw,f?
onfh XmewGiv f nf; umuG,af q;xd;k &ef aq; w¶kwEf ikd if w H 0ef;wGif urBmv h w l yk f
vHak vmufrr_ &do S jzifh vltrsm;ESihf qufqaH e& auG;a&m*g A(H1N1)yd;k awG@&o Sd l (1) ode;f ausmf
olrsm;udo k m t"du umuG,af q;xd;k ay;ae &dSae+yD; tqdkyga&m*ga=umifh aoqHk;olrSm
onf[k uav;rdcifwOD;u ajymygw,f? (326) OD;&daS =umif; w¶kwu f se;f rma&; 0ef}uD;
‚if;u “usr 'Dae@reufomG ;awmh Xmeu r=umao;cifu pm&if;xkwjf yefxm;
aq;r&db S ;l wJ?h b,fae@ukd vmxd;k &rvJqw kd m ygw,f?
vnf; olwdk@u tajzray;Edkifbl;? aq;rvHk ÓÓÓ

30 a':atmifqef;pk-unf/ OD;wifOD;ESifh EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om;rsm; csufcsif;v$wf?


a&G;aumufyt
GJ wGuf olaX;}u;D rsm; pnf;¶H;k ae
Nej, Dec 15,2009
etzppftpd;k &ESiehf ;D pyf+yD; tpd;k &u yef;waemf/ usKH aysmu f yJpukd af wmifol (8˜000)
a&G;aumufy0GJ if&ef a&G;cs,x f m;onfh olaX; cef@ukd w{u usyf (3) aomif;E_e;f jzifh aiGusyf
}uD;rsm; {&m0wDwdkif;wGif pnf;¶Hk;a&;vkyf ode;f aygi;f (13˜000) ausmf xkwaf cs;cJyh gw,f?
aea=umif; "EkjzLòrdŒe,frS v,form;rsm;u ,ckuo hJ @dk ukr%` u D aiGxw k af cs;onfh
ajymae=uygw,f? tcrf;tem;wdik ;f wGif ukr% ` yD ikd &f iS f OD;cspcf ikd f
"EkjzLòrdŒe,ftwGi;f wGif uOPeu|e;f emrnfukd xkwaf zmfa=unm+yD; OD;cspcf ikd o f nf
omukr% ` u D aEGpyg;pdu k &f ef pdu k yf sK;d p&dwrf sm; tqdyk g a'oom; jzpfonft h jyif a'otusKd ;
xkwfacs;ay;aeum "mwfajr=oZmudkvnf; udk a&S;¶_aqmif&u G af ejcif;jzpfa=umif; ajymqdk
acs;aiGoabmrsK;d csay;aea=umif;/ xd@k tjyif onf[k od&ygw,f?
tqdyk gurk % ` o D nf a'gi;f wHceG ef mrnfEiS v fh nf; OD;cspcf ikd . f {'ifurk % ` eD nf;wl xl;
yJpukd af wmiforl sm;tm; pdu k yf sK;d p&dwrf sm; xkwf ukr% ` u D bdu k av;wGiv f nf;aumif;/ OD;aX;
acs;aea=umif; "EkjzLòrŒd e,f tvmrsK;d wdu k ef ,f jrifyh ikd f ,kZeukr% ` u D zsmyH/k qefuek o f nf}uD;
rS aus;&Gmv,form;wOD;u ajymygw,f? rsm;toif;OuUÏ OD;atmifoef;OD;u armfvòrid f
“pdkufysKd;p&dwf acs;aiGxkwfay;wJh u|e;f / OD;aZmfaZmfyikd f rufpu f rk % ` u D tokwf
tcrf;tem;wdkif;rSm olwdk@ajymwmuawmh ponfòh rŒd e,fw@dk wiG f v,form;rsm;udk acs;aiG
olwdk@ukr`%Dvl}uD;[m {'ifukr`%Dydkif&Sif xkwaf y;+y;D pnf;¶H;k a&;vkyaf e=ua=umif; a'ocH
OD;cspcf ikd jf zpfw,f? ol[m 'D"EkjzLom;vnf; jzpf rsm;ajym=um;csut f & od&ygw,f? Ó Ó Ó
w,f? 'Da'ozH@G òzd;a&; OD;aqmifurk % ` u D kd vkyf u¾
w Gef;
udik af e+yD; 'Da'oom;awG tusKd ;udk vkyu f ikd f um
aqmif&u G af ewm cifAsm;wd@k tjrifyq J +kd yD; t+rJ “tajctaeuawmh jrifwJhtwdkif;yJ q&ma&”
ajymw,f? ol@urk % ` uD vlawG ajymqdw k m
awG/ a'ocHawG ajymqdw k mawGukd =unf&h if
OD;cspfcdkif[m vmr,fha&G;aumufyJGtwGuf
"EkjzLuae a&G;aumufyJG0ifzdk@ jyifqifaewJh
oabmawG@&w,f” [k ajymygw,f?
uOPeu|e;f omukr% ` o D nf +y;D cJo h nfh
rdk;&moDY v,form;rsm;udk wv (2)usyf
wd;k E_e;f jzifh usyo f ed ;f aygi;f (6˜000)ausmf xkwf
acs;cJu h m +y;D cJo h nfh yJpu kd &f moDuvnf; "EkjzL/

tusOf;uscH wdkif;&if;om;acgif;aqmifrsm;tm; csufcsif;v$wf? 31


NLD XmecsKyfwiG ðf yvkyaf om urBmh (AIDS)aeŒtcrf;tem;rSww
f rf;

32 tm%m±l;ppftpdk;&. &ufpuf,kwfrmr+rsm;tm; &J0HhpGmazmfxkwf-u?

You might also like