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Music of Asia
Asian music
encompasses numerous different musical styles originating from a large number of Asian cultures. Asian music most often uses the pentatonic scale.Philippine musicuses 8 notes or the European way of music because Philippines was colonized by Spain.The music of  Asiais as vast and unique as the many cultures and peoples who inhabit the region. Principal instrument types are two- or three-stringedlutes, the necks either fretted or fretless;fiddlesmade of horsehair;flutes, mostly open at both ends and either end-blown or side-blown; andJews' harps, either metal or, often inSiberia, wooden.Percussion instrumentsinclude frame drums, tambourines, and kettledrums. Instrumental  polyphonyis achieved primarily by lutes and fiddles. On the other hand, vocal polyphony is achieved in different ways:Bashkirs hum a basic  pitch while playing solo flute.A type of end-blownfluteof varying lengths, with 4-5 holes made with reed or wood. Commonamong Inner Asian  pastoralists, this instrumehent is also known as
tsuur 
(Mongolian),
chuur 
(Tuvan),
 sybyzghy
(Kazakh) and
kurai
(Bashkir).Chopo Choor  Anocarinamade of clay with 3-6 holes, popular with children inKyrgyzstan. Daf  A smallframe drumused as an accompanyoiment to popular and classical music inAzerbaijan. Dayra Aframe drumwith jingles played by men and women amongsedentary  populations inCentral  Asia.Dombra A class of two-stringed, long-necked lutes, the best known of which is afrettedlute that isconsideredKazakhstan's national instrument. It is mostly used to play solo instrumental piecesknown as
kui
. The
dombra
also provides accompaniment toKazakh 
 jyrau
(bards) and singers of 
bel canto
(lyrical song).Dutar  Refers to a variety of two-stringed long-neckedfretted lutesamong Uzbeks,Uyghurs,Tajiks, Turkmens,Karakalpaks, and other groups. Garmon 
 
A smallaccordionused in the Caucasusand among
khalfa
(female wedding entertainers) in theKhorezmregion of northwesternUzbekistan. Ghijak  A round-bodiedspike fiddlewith 3 or 4 metal strings and a short fretless neck used byUyghurs, Uzbeks,Tajiks,TurkmensandKarakalpaks. Also known as a
 Kemanche
- an importantinstrument inIranianandAzericlassical music and popular music inIran. Jew's Harp Called by a variety of names,
 Jew's harps
are traditionally used by pastoraliststhroughout Inner   Asia. They are typically made out of wood or metal.Komuz A three-stringed, fretless long-neck lute typically made fromapricot wood, nut woodor  juniper . It is the principal folk instrument of theKyrgyz. Playing techniques include plucking,strumming, and striking the strings with the fingernails, together with the use of stylised handand arm gestures to add narrative to the performance.Kyl kyyak  TheKyrgyzname for an upright bowed fiddle with twohorse hair strings. InKazakhstanit is known as
qylqobyz
.The deck is usually made fromcamel or cow hide, and the body is carved from a single piece of wood, typicallyapricot.The instrument had a strong connection to both shamanismand the recitation of oral poetry.Rubab A fretless lute withsympathetic stringsplayed in southernTajikistan andAfghanistan. Rawap AnUyghur  long-necked lutesimilar to the
rubab
, but without sympathetic strings. Sato A bowed tanbur , or long-neckedlute, now rare, played by performers of Tajik -Uzbek  classical music.Sybyzgy A Kyrgyzsideblown flutetraditionally played byshepherdsandhorse herders, made from apricot woodor the wood of mountain bushes. The
 sybyzgy
has its own repertory of solo pieces,known as
kuu
, which are distinguished by their lyrical content.
 
Tanbur  A long-necked plucked lutewith raisedfrets used inUzbek , Tajik and Uyghur classical music traditions. AnAfghanivariant hassympathetic strings. Tar  A double-chested, skin-topped, plucked lute with multiplesympathetic stringsused in urbanmusic from theCaucasusandIran(the Iranian version does have sympathetic strings). The
tar 
isalso popular inTajikistan andUzbekistan.
Reference
1.
^
"Aga Khan Music Initiative in Central Asia on the AKDN website". Retrieved on2006-12-08.
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