Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1.1Site Layout
Prior to commencement of the works on a construction site, the Following provisions shall
be made and recorded in a site layout planes appropriate:
1. Arrange perimeter fencing or hoarding where appropriate.
2. Ensure good visibility and safe access at site entrances.
3. Provide adequate warning signs at the entrances and exits where necessary.
4. Provide areas for loading and unloading, storage of materials, plant and machinery.
5. Post emergency procedure and statutory notices at conspicuous locations.
6. Arrange suitable positioning of hoists and cranes.
7. Consider welfare facilities to offices, compounds and workshops, arrange ventilation,
lighting and temporary connections to utility services.
8. Provide mobile phones until fixed phones are installed.
9. Arrange electrical supply requirements and incoming mains.
10. 10. Provide skips or dumping areas for rubbish and waste materials, and arrange for
their clearance on a regular basis.
11. Arrange storage, transport and use of:
a. Fuel;
b. Other flammable materials;
c. Explosive materials.
12. Obtain the necessary licenses from appropriate authorities.
13. Plan fire escape routes and locate fire fighting equipment.
14. Provide access roads and plant movement areas within theworks area/site.
15. Provide designated car parking areas.
16. Provide wheel-washing basin for vehicles at the exits of the site.
17. Provide first-aid facilities and post notices at the various worksareas to show the
locations of those facilities.
18. Provide adequate warning of overhead or underground utilities.
19. Provide lighting on hoarding or external fencing for public safety.
20. Provide and maintain proper drainage and means of sewage disposal.
Lighting levels:
Path ways /road ways: 20 to 50 lux
General area : 100 lux
Working areas : 300 lux
Precision work :750 lux
Note: The above referenced light intensities are for both indoor and outdoor, and to be
adjusted according to district brightness.
Chapter 2
2.1Scaffolding and Working Platforms
Scaffold should be provided above the height of 2 meters . All scaffolds shall be
inspected by a competent person prior to their being put into use for the first time, after
erection or alteration, at biweekly interval and after exposure to adverse weather
conditions. The competent person shall report on the prescribed form to the contractor
that the scaffold, including its associated working platforms is safe for use. Working
platform shall be checked to ensure that the platform is of an appropriate width
(minimum230mm (for workers) or 400 mm (for workers and materials)) 40 mm thick
ness, 3.4 mm long closely boarded with planks. The landing platforms are provided at
intervals not greater than 10 to 12 m. The boards shall be free from patent defects, and
be evenly supported to prevent tipping. Unsafe scaffolds partially erected/dismantled or
under repair, shall be prevented from being use, and warning signs touch effect shall be
posted at conspicuous positions on the scaffolds. Mixing brands of modular scaffolding
should be avoided as mismatched combinations pose a significant threat to safety.
Competent person for scaffolding work refers to a person who has substantial training and
practical experience. Scaffolds must always be erected , maintained and dismantled by
competent and trained person.
Construction
1. The height of the bamboo scaffold should not be higher than the topmost part of the
building/structure by one storey.
2. For building works, provide a safe working platform which could be achieved by
erecting double row scaffold.
3. Scaffold greater than 15 (m) in height should be certified by a professional engineer.
4. Distance between two adjacent standards should not be greater than 1.3 m. Distance
between two adjacent transoms should not be greater than 0.75 m. Distance between
two ledgers should not be greater than 1.2 m. Height of the boarded lift for forming
working platform should be between 1.9 m to 2 m. (see Figure for details)
5. Working platform on bamboo scaffold should be at least 400 mm wide.
6. Provide all scaffolds with adequate cross bracing. The horizontal span of each 'X'
shaped bracing shall not be greater than 9 m. The members of the 'X' bracing should
not be erected
4. at more than 60o from the horizontal.
7. For bamboo scaffold higher than 7 m, there should be ties to fasten the scaffold
securely to the building facade, the horizontal space and vertical space between ties
should be less than 7 m
5. and 4 m respectively. Besides, at every tie, a short length of bamboo of effective
diameter not less than 40 mm should be connected between the inner scaffold and
the building facade to restrict any inward movement of the scaffold.
8. Overlapping of two bamboo members should be 1.5 m to 2 m for standards, and at
least 2 m for ledgers and bracing.
9. Place materials and tools at the inner side of working platform on the scaffold to
maintain the stability of the scaffold.
10. When dismantling the scaffold, start work from upper level to lower level, from
exterior to interior and from non-load bearing parts to load bearing parts.
11. Space between the working platform and the external wall of a building or structure
should be as small as possible.
12. The scaffold shall be erected, maintained, altered and dismantled by trained
workmen under the immediate supervision of a competent person
1.
Chapter 3
3.1 Ladders
1. Use ladders only for simple work of short duration. They should be use primarily as a
means of access and NOT as a working platform.
2. Ladders shall be of good construction with no missing or defective rungs, of sound
material and of adequate strength for the purpose for which it is used and is properly
maintained.
3. Only erect ladders on a firm and level base.
4. Do not erect straight ladder at a base angle exceeding 75 degrees or a 4 (rise) : 1
(base) ratio. (Figures 2.2.6 – 1 refers)
5. For vertical access ladder, provide a landing point for rest purposes every 9 m.
6. Secure a straight ladder at the top. When it is impracticable to do so, firmly secure the
ladder at the base by some effective means or by any person.
7. Rise ladders at least 1.05m for handhold above their landing place or above the highest
rung.
8. The rungs shall be free from moisture, dirt and grease.
9. The footwear of the user shall be in good condition and free from moisture, dirt and
grease.
10. Securely lock the spreaders of a step ladder in position. Do not use a step ladder as
a straight ladder.
11. Always spare one hand to hold the ladder firmly. Never lean over or stretch out to
reach the work.
S.R.P** NICMAR-2ND TERM- SAFETY Page 287
12. Always face a ladder when going up or down and use both hands to grasp the rungs
for support. Do not carry tools or materials in hand when climbing up or down. If
necessary, use a
1. tool holster to carry hand tools to spare hands for holding the ladder.
2.
13. Use wooden or fiber-glass ladders for electrical work or when working near electrical
conductors, etc.
14. Do not use aluminum ladders or other ladders which are electrically conductive for
electrical work unless they have been fully insulated especially at footing of the ladder.
15. Wear safety harness with lanyard anchored properly when working on the ladder at
height of 2m or more if the provision of working platform is not reasonably practicable.
16. Inspect the ladder for any defects before each use. Do not use wooden ladder that
has been painted as painting may cover up the defects. Display warning label to the
defective ladder.
17. Avoid step on the top two rungs of an A-shape ladder.
Builders’ Lift
1. Protect the builders‟ lift by substantial enclosure.
2. Routine maintenance shall be carried out by trained workmen at intervals not more
than 7 days and details of the maintenance works shall be recorded on prescribed
forms kept by the registered contractor. The builder's lift shall also be thoroughly
examined and tested by a registered examiner at intervals not more than 6 months.
7. Fit the lift cage with an electrically and mechanically operated cage unless all lift
cage gates are closed. If a lift cage has more than one lift cage gate, each lift cage
gate shall have its independent electrically and mechanically operated locking
device.
3. Protect the electrically and mechanically operated locking device of the lift cage gate
against operation by unauthorised persons.
4. In the case of a lift cage gate with hinged joints at its lower edge, the lift cage gate
shall not be used as a gangway for loading and unloading of passengers and/or
materials.
5. Provide the lift cage with an emergency opening either as a door in the lift cage
(width and height at least 400mm and 1,800mm respectively) or as a trapdoor in the
lift cage roof (width and length at 400mm and 600mm respectively). Provide a ladder
inside the lift cage giving access to the emergency trapdoor if an emergency
trapdoor is provided.
6. Provide a safety switch to interrupt the control circuit and prevent the movement of
the lift cage if the emergency door or trapdoor is not properly closed and locked.
7. The emergency trapdoors and emergency doors shall be provided with a means for
manual locking. They shall be opened from outside the lift cage without a key and
from inside the lift
8. cage with a removable key. The key shall be kept by the competent operator inside
the lift cage at all times during operation of the builders‟ lift.
9. The landing platform shall be either closely boarded, planked or plated, or shall be of
a platform consisting of open metal work having interstices none of which exceeds
38 cm2 in area.
10. Provide a landing gate for every access to the lift cage. Landing gates shall be
rigid and shall not open towards the liftway.
11. Provide the lift cage and the landing platform with electric lighting that can
provide a light intensity of at least 50 lux at floor level and at the controls.
S.R.P** NICMAR-2ND TERM- SAFETY Page 289
12. Provide every landing with a call button for the passenger to activate an
electric bell located at a specified location (usually at the base enclosure or main
access) when requesting lift service.
13. The lift cage shall, during normal operation, be power driven upwards and
downwards at all times. Do not allow the lift cage to descend under gravitational
force by alternatively applying
14. and releasing the driving machine brake or alternatively opening and closing
the restrictor valve during normal operation.
15. Provide every builders‟ lift with an overload sensing device to give clear visual
and audio warning signals in the lift cage in case of overloading and over-movement.
16. Equip every lift cage with an audible alarm device easily recognisable and
accessible to the competent operator.
1. Ensure that a written method statement has been prepared and agreed with the
Architect/Engineer. All precautionary measures are in place before commencement of
demolition works. Pay special attention to the demolition of special structures,
cantilever, chimney, and pre-stressed structure.
2. Ensure that a professional engineer has inspected the structure/adjacent structure and
a competent person is in charge of the operation.
3. Obtain information on the building structure, including its previous use.
4. Pay attention to the presence of flammable or hazardous substances such as asbestos
in insulation, lead in paints and radio-active
substances in laboratory equipment. In buildings
where carcinogenic chemicals may have been
used or stored such as factory and hospitals,
associated hazards shall be identified by an
experienced competent person.
5. Consult the utility companies and disconnect or
divert all services. Arrange removal of any
tramway attachment.
6. Ensure that existing floors planned to be used are
not overloaded. Otherwise, shoring should be
installed to support the floors.
7. Provide sufficient shoring to prevent premature
structural collapse or damage to adjacent property.
8. Ensure that the site is properly enclosed. Scaffold
with screen and catch-fan, and hoarding or
covered walkway shall be erected.
9. Erect warning notices.
10. Ensure that all ladders, cranes, cables and
other equipment are in good order.
11. Ensure that suitable personal protective
equipment is provided and used during operation. Suitable anchorage points for safety
belts and safety harnesses shall be identified and assessed by competent persons or
Professional Engineers.
1. The Gas Safety (Gas Supply) Regulations require that (a) Any persons who work in the
vicinity of a gas pipe should take all reasonable steps to identify the location and position
of gas pipes before commencement of work; and
(b) Any persons working in the vicinity of gas pipes should take all reasonable measures to
protect the gas pipe from damage when carrying out the work.
2. Follow the guidelines of 'Code of Practice - Avoiding danger from gas pipes' for
precautionary measures against damage to gas pipes.
5.1 Cranes
1. Maintain at least 600mm clearance between cranes and obstructions to prevent
anyone from becoming trapped. Switch off the engine of the crane when it is left
unattended.
2. Provide barriers to separate cranes from overhead power lines. The barriers shall be
at a horizontal distance of at least 6m plus jib length from the power lines. Mark the
danger area with
1. permanent stakes or flags and high visibility tape.
2. When there are several cranes on site they shall be sited clear of each other.
3. Site the crane away from excavations, slopes, underground services or soft ground with
outriggers fully extended. Use grillages to distribute the load where appropriate.
4. Except for the purpose of training in which case each trainee shall be under the direct
supervision of a qualified person, ensure that only trained and competent operators
over 18 years
5. of age who hold a valid certificate recognized by Labor Department (such as a CITA
certificate) operate the cranes.
6. A crane shall not be used if the report on weekly inspection and the report of result of
thorough examination and the certificate of test and thorough examination are not
available. A notice to
7. prohibit its use shall be prominently displayed in the operator's cabin.
8. Ensure that the crane operator has:
(a) Inspected the whole machine including ropes, tyres and tracks, lifting gear,
including chains;
(b) Checked that the automatic safe load indicator and load/radius indicators are
working; and
(c) Put the crane through all its movements to check brake and clutch operation.
9. Ensure that the loads are only lifted vertically and not pulled, dragged or swung,
sideways or in line with the jib of the crane.
10. Ensure that the weight of any load to be lifted are accurately determined and never
guessed.
11. Ensure that the platform provided in a crane for the use of the operator or for the
signaller is:
(a) Of sufficient area,
(b) Either plated or closely planked; and
(c) Provided with a safe means of access.
S.R.P** NICMAR-2ND TERM- SAFETY Page 303
12. Provide and affix a guard rail of adequate strength and of a height of not less than
900mm to the platform and any raised standing place of a crane.
13. Provide and place toe boards of not less than 200mm in height above the level of
the platform of a crane and any raised standing place and in a position that will prevent
the fall of
14. persons, materials, and tools, from the platform.
12. Do not use the rails on which cranes are mounted or the sleepers supporting the
rails as anchorage for them.
15. 14 Affix a suitable diagram or notice to cranes indicating the position and amount of
weights to be used to secure their stability.
16. Do not use cranes under adverse weather conditions likely to endanger their
stability.
17. Clearly and legibly mark on cranes:
(a) The safe working load at various radii of jibs, trolleys or crabs, and
(b) The maximum radius at which the derrick jib may be operated.
18. Fit an accurate indicator to a crane, clearly visible to the operator, which shows the
radius of jibs, trolleys or crabs and the safe working load applicable to that radius.
19. Ensure that the crane is equipped with an automatic safe load indicator and that the
outriggers for supporting the crane are fully extended and secure on sleepers resting on
firm ground before any lifting work. Outriggers shall not sit directly on asphalt pavement
or concrete footpath.
20. Provide banks man if the view of the crane operator is restricted.
21. Establish a safe system of work in case the operating spaces of two cranes overlap
with each other. Some check points are: ! Warning system in form of light or sound is
considered as a minimum to signify the operator the approach of overlapping area. !
Appointment of Over-lapping Area Lifting Supervisor
22. (OALS) is require to ensure the co-ordination & control of the lifting operation in
overlapping area.
23. ! OALS is considered to be optional when an automatic control device will be
activated to prevent the overlapping situation occur. ! Adequate buffer zone on both
sides should be allowed to slow down the slowing of the crane so as to prevent a
sudden stop which might induce an inertia
24. to the moving load. ! All detection / warning / control device should be checked to
ensure its functional before any work commence.
1. Ensure that only trained, authorized and licensed drivers operate the vehicles.
2. The movement of the vehicle shall be supervised by a competent person who shall
ensure that no one is getting close to the vehicle when it is moving or reversing.
3. Switch off the engine of an unattended vehicle.
4. Protect the drivers against falling objects.
5. Carry out periodic servicing to the manufacturers‟ requirements. All records of
maintenance and repairs should be in writing and kept on site.
6. Keep to speed limits.
7. Do not carry any passengers.
8. Provide stop blocks when the vehicle is running alongside excavations.
9. Park only on level ground, in neutral with the parking brake applied.
10. Never mount or dismount from a moving vehicle.
1. Regularly check and maintain the machine. These should be carried out by competent
persons. All records of maintenance and repairs should be kept on site.
2. Visual check before commencing piling work the conditions of the machine, including
pipes, hoses, fittings, guards, pulleys, drums, wire ropes, winches, brake systems etc.
Do not start work if abnormal conditions are found.
3. Check visibility of surroundings from driver/operator position to ensure no danger will be
caused to him or others during piling work.
4. If necessary fence off the danger zone and provide warning notices/signs to prevent
people from entering during piling operation.
5. Do not check, maintain or service the piling equipment alone unless it is completely
shut down and the means of starting are isolated.
6. Ensure that moving parts that transmit power are provided with guards of robust
construction to prevent risk of contacts. Ensure that they are secured.
7. Note the location of the emergency stops/ safety stops of the machine and ensure it is
functioning before commencing work.
8. Ensure that the piling equipment operator is well trained, competent and conversant
with its operation. Training shall include emergency and rescue procedures.
9. Ensure that the operator‟s manual in appropriate language is available on the machine
in a place specially intended for.
10. Ensure that the procedures for all conditions of use, e.g. transportation, rigging,
starting, and working, finishing operations, dismantling and storage are followed.
Ensure that there are at least two people present taking care the safety of each other
during work.
11. Work only during approved/prescribed time period.
12. Position machine on leveled foundation /ground and/or stable position.
13. Piling equipment shall be fitted with means to avoid tipping over of the pile.
14. Do not go into an unsafe position to lock, open or release piling connections when
piles and other loads are being lifted.
6.4 Asbestos
1. You may find asbestos in the following situations:
(a) As asbestos insulation or coating used for:
I. thermal insulation of boilers;
1. ii. Fire protection of structural steelworks;
2. iii. Thermal and acoustic insulation of buildings;
(b) As asbestos insulating board used in a wide variety of places such as:
i. fire protection on doors, protected exits, structural steelworks,
etc.;
ii. Cladding on walls, ceilings, etc.;
iii. Internal walls and partitions;
iv. Ceiling tiles in a suspended ceiling;
(c) As asbestos cement, which is found as:
i. corrugated sheets (roofing and cladding of buildings);
ii. Flat sheeting for partitioning, cladding and door facings;
iii. Gutters and down pipes.
2. Arrange a Registered Asbestos Consultant to conduct analysis and prepare an
asbestos investigation report if you are not sure whether the material and boarding
contain asbestos.
3. As soon as asbestos is identified, the concerned area shall be closed off and any
work in this area shall only be carried out by approved specialist contractors under
continuous supervision by
3. a Registered Asbestos Supervisor.
4. Use working methods that keep asbestos dust levels as low as possible (e.g. use hand
tools and avoid breaking boards).
5. Wear suitable protective clothing including respirators when working with asbestos.
6. Provide washing and changing facilities for workers, and arrange to allow the
separation of person from protective clothing. The cleaning of protective clothing shall
be carried out in a suitable equipped facility located on the premises where work with
asbestos is being done or in a suitable equipped laundry elsewhere, and if protective
clothing is to be removed from the
7. person for cleaning or disposal, it shall be packed in a suitable container and labeled.
8. Do not eat, drink or smoke in area with suspected presence of asbestos dust.
D dust
M molten metal
NOTE : Cartridge respirator and canister respirator shall only be used where the
concentration of toxic gases is low and where there is no risk of oxygen deficiency.
7. Note that all respirators, with the exception of disposable types, require cleaning and
inspection after use and before wearing by another person. Cartridges and filters have a
limited life which can vary depending upon the environment in which they are used and
manufacturer‟ s recommendations should be closely followed.
�. Store respirators properly when not in use.
Breathing Apparatus
1. Breathing apparatus offers the most effective protection against toxic gases and in an
oxygen deficient environment.
2. Ensure that every person designated to wear breathing apparatus shall be certified fit
by a doctor.
3. Adequately train every person designated to wear breathing apparatus and give them
adequate practice in its use.
a. Closed circuit type
b. Open circuit type
c. Fresh air hose and compressed air line
d. Escape type
4. Note the pressure gauge readings when using breathing apparatus and make sure that
there is adequate gas in the cylinder before use.
5. Service and check the breathing apparatus regularly by the manufacturer. Check
leakage of the gas hose and replace immediately if a defect is found.
6. Store the breathing apparatus properly when not in use, and maintain proper record.
10.1 Generators
1. Ensure that generators are operated only by authorised persons who should be
adequately trained. Training should include emergency and shutdown procedures.
2. Ensure that proper fire precautionary measures are observed. Suitable fire
extinguishers and fire fighting equipment should be provided near the generator.
3. Regularly check and maintain the generator and its ancillary equipment. These should
be carried out by competent and trained persons.
4. Visual checks the conditions of the generator and its ancillary equipment before
operation, including the mechanical system, the electrical system, the fuel oil system
and the safety features. Do not start if abnormal conditions are found.
5. Ensure that the fuel oil supplies (in drums or tanks) are stored in a proper dangerous
goods store and that it does not exceed the prescribed quantities on site.
6. Handle the fuel oil with care to prevent spillage and fire; and also to prevent hazards to
health of the operators. Use suitable personal protective clothing.
7. Do not drain the fuel oil to the road drain. Use proper container for disposal.
8. Do not smoke in the vicinity of the generator and the fuel oil storage area.
9. The generator shall be located in a safe area to exclude access and handling by
unauthorised person. Fence off the area if necessary.
10. Ensure that the generator, if portable, is anchored safely to the desired location to
avoid shifting away.
11. All electrical connections shall be securely fixed to the generator. The work shall be
carried out by Registered Electrical Workers.
12. Avoid connecting too many electrical loads to the generator to cause overheating
and subsequent danger.
13. Load connections must be carried out when the generator is under shutdown
conditions.
14. Ensure that adequate ventilation is provided during operation of the generator.
15. Ensure that the exhaust pipe of the generator is not directed to people and work
areas.
16. Ensure that proper lagging and/or protective guards are provided for exhaust pipe,
radiator to avoid scalding.
17. Ensure that all moving parts are properly guarded by enclosures which should be
secure.
18. If it is necessary to move the generator from place to place, ensure that it is shut
down before moving. Take special care during transportation to avoid damage which
10.2 Switchboard
1. Ensure that switchboards are installed, repaired and maintained by authorized
persons who should be competent and adequately trained. Training should also
include emergency and rescue procedures.
2. A permit-to-work system shall be established to include only authorised and
competent persons who are Registered Electrical Workers to work on the
switchboards.
3. Ensure that all system operating procedures for the switchboard are established and
followed.
4. Ensure that the switchboards are regularly checked and maintained by Registered
Electrical Workers.
5. Ensure that all connections of equipment and tools to the switchboard are carried
out by Registered Electrical Workers.
6. Prove that the system is made “dead” (i.e. at or about zero voltage and disconnected
from any live system) as far as possible before connections are made to the
switchboard. Otherwise authorisation, adequate supervision and precautionary
measures must be provided.
7. Ensure that all circuits under isolation or being worked on are either made “dead”
and/or locked off and that proper warning signs and notices are provided.
8. The switchboards and distribution circuits shall be equipped with suitable protection
devices such as Miniature Circuit Breaker (MCB) and Residual Current Device
(RCD) to protect against overcurrent and earth leakage respectively.
9. Ensure that temporary switch boxes, socket outlets, plugs and cable couplers are of
splash-proof type with a protection class of IP54 or above.
10. Ensure that for work sites within occupied premises, the fixed electric
equipment should not be connected directly to the existing permanent switchboards
but through temporary switchboards with proper protective devices.
11. All outgoing cables shall be protected and supported. Never leave them lying
on ground unprotected to avoid damage and tripping over.
12. Ensure that all connections including cables, plugs, connectors are of proper
sizes/ratings, firmly wired up and the protective conductors are earthed.
13. Ensure that no illegal connections/extensions, however temporary, are
allowed. Keep the doors of switchboard locked.
14. Never use worn or damaged accessories.
15. Ensure that adequate "Danger" notices/signs are provided to indicate that the
switchboard is alive. Warning signs and locks, as appropriate, shall be provided on
doors of switch rooms to
1. guard against unauthorised entry.
16. Ensure that suitable type starters are provided for electrical machines, and
that earthing provided to all machines, including their enclosures.
17. Ensure that insulating mat is provided for the switchboard, stand on it while
operations are carried out. Take special care when the site conditions are damp.
18. Ensure that all electrical connections, including temporary ones, are properly
installed and tested.
S.R.P** NICMAR-2ND TERM- SAFETY Page 332
19. Use electrical connections that are suitable for the type of environmental
conditions of the site.
20. Ensure that the electrical wiring diagram for the switchboard is provided and
displayed prominently in its vicinity.
Ensure that the Registered Electrical Worker / Registered Electrical Contractor to
complete a Work Completion Certificate (Form WR1) after satisfactory inspection and
testing of the electrical installation as required by the Code of Practice for the Electricity
(Wiring) Regulations. The Proforma of Form WR1 can be obtained from the Customer
Service Office at the Headquarters of the Electrical and Mechanical Services
Department.
2. Maintain a logbook to record results of regular inspection and testing on the
electrical installations by a Registered Electrical Worker.
3. Ensure that some personnel trained and familiar with first aid and cardio-pulmonary
resuscitation (CPR) are available to treat electric shock.
SPECIFIC RESPONSIBILITIES
Provide assistance to the Safety Officer. Ensure all Safety functions continue
when the Safety Officer is attending meetings.
1. Draft initial emergency response site safety plan. Ensure copies get distributed
as soon as possible to staging areas and field personnel.
2. Receive reports from Site Safety Enforcement Assistant and incorporate changes
into the site safety plan.
3. Ensure site safety plan is completed in time to be incorporated into Incident
Action Plan.
4. Provide safety messages for ICS form204, prior to the planning meeting. If site
safety plan is
5. completed, consider inserting: “All personnel shall review site safety plan prior to
commencement of operations.”
6. Review Medical Plan 206 and forward to the Safety Officer for signature.
7. Review Incident Action Plan. Ensure plan provisions are in compliance with 29
CFR 1910.120.
8. Review HAZWOPER Compliance Checklist to ensure requirements met.
I. INTRODUCTION
This Safety Manual is for the management, staff and workers of Toyo-Tobishima Joint
Venture Project, this will serve as a guideline for accident prevention in the construction
site.
It is the primary objective of this company that all employees must comply and follow this
Safety Manual in order for this program to be effective and successful.
A First Aider was also appointed based on the of workers as per D.O. 13, duly
certified
by the Philippine National Red Cross, see attached certification (exhibit 2).
1. PROJECT IN CHARG
Ensure the creation of a Project Safety Plan that complies with the
requirements of the
company saf ety policy.
Ensure that work is executed according to the Safety Plan.
Ensure that the implementation of the Project Safety Plan is monitored and that
the plan is reviewed as and when necessar y.
Promote an interest, enthusiasm and commitment to Health, Safety, and
Environment issues throughout the Project.
Ensure the provision of competent safety personnel.
Respond to the recommendations of the project safety personnel.
Set a good example.
4. CONSTRUCTION WORKERS
Safety knowledge, attitude, skills and habits at all levels of the project workforce shall
be promoted, maintained and enhanced by regular and continuing safety
training and education.
2. REQUIREMENTS
Safety Orientation :
New workers will be required to attend a Safety Orientation course before
deployment for work. Upon completion of the orientation, a new worker will
be issued with a site ID card or gate pass and a safety sticker for his hard
hat. He will then be required to sign a safety orientation form.
Induction seminar of workers will also include the company safety and
health policy,
project clinic procedures, and the company code of employee discipline. The
seminar will be participated by the project nurse or first-aider and the project
administrative officer of his representative.
Safety talks will be scheduled on a weekly basis. Such talks will be carried out
by the
supervisors (leadmen, capatazes, foremen) assisted by the safety officer. The
talks will be of
short duration on a relevant safety topic and records of attendance will be
maintained. Each
talk will likely last for at least 15 minutes ever y Monday morning or as
determined by the project.
1. OBJECTIVE
Pertinent information shall be communicated to all employees at the
work site by practical means, to make employees well informed about
matters important to their safety and well being.
2. REQUIREMENTS
2.1 Safety shall be included in all job instructions.
2. RESPONSIBILITIES
Project supervisors shall include the safety aspects when they give job
instructions to their workers.
The project supervisors and the safety officer shall be responsible for the
control of postings and the upkeep of their bulletin boards.
The safety officer shall provide posters and other safety information materials
for the bulletin boards..
1. OBJECTIVE
In compliance to Rule 1054 of the OSHS of DOLE, records of accidents and illness
shall be kept and maintained open at all times for inspection by authorized
personnel. All accidents and downgrading incidents shall be thoroughly investigated
to find the root causes. Measures to prevent recurrence of the accidents/incidents
tend to be more effective if targeted to the root causes; otherwise, treating the
symptoms would just increase the waste of resources.
An immediate investigation will be completed by crew supervision,
foremen/leadmen. The investigation process shall be supervised by the project
incharge and project safety officer.
2.1 The Incident/Accident Investigation Report Form should be used we can use
the forms from the OSHS manual.
2.3 High potential accidents and near- accidents shall be reported to the attention
of upper levels of management to assure full investigation and action by
appropriate authorities.
2.4 The safety officer shall ensure that all corrective actions listed for major
high-potential loss accident are implemented.
4. CONTENTS
The project incharge will report in writing to the owner. Anarrative of accident
details and what was done or is being done to prevent recurr ence. This
written report may be receded by a telephone call for possible representation of
the owner. The narrative report will include the following information;
Injured employee(s) name(s), occupation, length of employment, age, sex,
date,
and time of accident.
Description of accident; detail of what the employee was doing and what tools,
equipment, structures, or fixtures were involved.
Nature of injuries or illness
Accident causes that contributed to the incident.
Steps to be taken to see that this is done
Provide a detailed sketch, if needed to explain the accident scene.
5. RECORDKEEPING PROCEDURES
The First Aid personnel with the assistance of the project safety officer must maintain
a variety of records for protection of the employees, the company and client.
1. REQUIREMENTS
Standard warning signs, traffic signs and barricades shall be installed as required
by government regulations and by the OSHS for building projects.
Flagmen directing traffic shall follow standard signals and procedures.
Operation of heavy equipment and hoists shall use standard signals
When the distance between the operator and the signalman exceeds 200 feet, a
portable radio communication system shall be used.
Only trained and qualified personnel shall be assigned as vehicle drivers,
equipment operators, signalmen and flagmen.
Safety nets, inverted umbrella, and covered walkway shall be installed as required
to protect the public from falling debris.
Signs, barricades and other safeguards installed shall be protected from misuse,.
2. RESPONSIBILITIES
The Project-in-char ge shall anticipate the project needs and order the
preparation the required devices.
The project supervisors shall install required traffic signs and barricades, and
safety nets as required by the project. They shall also protect these devices and
public
safeguards from misuse, abuse, damage or interference.
Supervisors shall instruct and monitor traffic flagmen.
Supervisors and the Equipment-in-Charge shall instruct and monitor their
operators for heavy and critical equipment.
The Project-in-charge shall strictly enforce the assignment of qualified personnel
to do certain jobs as stated above.
The project safety officer shall conduct daily inspection of the installed
safeguards.
1. EXCAVATION
Excavation is defined as making a depression or cavity in the earth‟s surface
including the removal of previously installed roadways, slabs or foundations at
and below the surrounding ground level. The principal hazards associated with
S.R.P** NICMAR-2ND TERM- SAFETY Page 344
excavation are:
a. The major hazards associated with the use of scaffolding and ladders are
falling men, material or tools.
g. If adjusting screws are used, they shall be installed only at baseplates. They
shall never be used on scaffolds with casters.
j. Personnel shall have both hands unencumbered when climbing ladders. All
climbing and descending shall be done facing the ladder.
k. Metal ladders shall not be used in the vicinity of electrical equipment or circuits.
The major hazards associated with burning and welding operations are:
Heat and fire
Electrical shock
Toxic gases and fumes
Intense light, ultraviolet or infrared rays
Restricted visibility while working
Proper care of welding and burning equipment is a requisite for minimizing
hazards.
All gas cylinders shall have their contents clearly labeled.
Gas cylinders shall always be stored, transported, used and secured in an
upright position. Valve keys must be on cylinder when in use.
Gas hoses shall be regularly checked for abrasion, cuts, leaky joints or other
damage.
Welding cable shall be similarly checked for external damage and for properly
connected and insulated joints. In running hoses and cables to work,
preferably they should be located overhead. If not possible, and particularly in
heavy traffic areas, protective cover should be provided when run on the
ground.
The hazards associated with the use of hand and power tools are:
Failure or disintegration of tool.
Proximity to moving or cutting parts of tool.
Flying particles from tool and work.
Heat and sparks.
Electrical shock.
Crushing or pinching.
Tools that are right for the job, in safe condition and used properly will provide
productivity as well as safe work conditions.
Wood handles on tools shall be free of splinters, cracks, and solidly attached
to their working heads.
Electric powered tools shall be double insulated or properly grounded. Electric
cords shall be maintained free of cuts, abrasion and kinks. Cords shall not be
used for hoisting tools.
Tools with exposed moving parts shall be provided with guards to minimize
exposure of tool operator.
All powered tools shall be stopped and, as applicable, air or electric supply
disconnected, to make any adjustments to tool. Fuel powered tools shall be
shutdown for refueling.
Impact-type (percussion) tools shall have suitable retainers to hold tool bits in
place during operation.
Extension or leverage increasers shall not be used on tool handles.
6. MATERIALS HANDLING
Proper storage will reduce potential for damage and assist in the safe handling of
materials.
Material shall be stored to provide access for men and equipment when
handling and moving. Aisles and access ways shall be kept free.
Material shall be stored off the ground by use of pallets, chocks or dunnage.
Flammable or combustible materials shall be segregated and potential
hazards identified.
Suitable fire protection equipment shall be provided at storage areas for
combustible materials and potential sources of ignition shall be restricted
from these areas.
Mobile equipment is frequently used for handling materials.
When moving, material shall be secured to the vehicle.
During transportation any overhanging material shall be tagged or marked for
easy visibility.
For heavy or bulky material, routes of movement shall be checked for clearance and load carrying adequacy.
The major hazards of electricity are electrical shock and the accompanying
possibility of death. Fatal electrical shock can be sustained with voltages of
120 or less with current as low as 50 200 milliamperes. These numbers
indicate that care must be exercised with any work utilizing electricity since the
hazard is present over the range of currents and voltages in service at
construction site. Because the distribution system is temporary and because of
conditions inherent with a construction site- much activity, many people, water
and dust care in the layout and installations of the temporary electrical system
is required.
The major source and distribution equipment (generators, transformers and
switch racks) shall be isolated by fences or in building with access restricted to
authorized personnel only.
All temporary circuits at the construction site shall be grounded with the
ground circuit having a resistance no greater than 25 ohms.
All circuits shall be provided with fuses or circuit breakers sized to prevent
overloading of the wire and equipment in the circuit.
All non-current carrying metal frames or containers of electrical equipment
shall be grounded.
The conductors for the temporary electrical distribution system shall be located
to minimize possible external damage and/or contact by people and
equipment.
Conduits or protective covering may be required in areas of heavy traffic or
congestion. Only qualified electricians shall do any alteration or extension to
the system.
9. PAINTING
Painting frequently includes the use of toxic and/or flammable materials. Prior
to staring work, workmen shall be made aware of the hazards of the materials
they are using and the protective equipment required. When using flammable
or combustible materials in confined spaces, adequate ventilation must be
provided. Respiratory equipment shall be used as the conditions and materials
dictate.
Surface preparation for painting can present a variety of hazards dependent
on the method used.
When solvent cleaning, the toxic and combustion characteristics of the solvent
shall be determined, and appropriate protection provided.
When mechanical cleaning, such as chipping, scraping or wire brushing, eye
protection is mandatory.
If sandblasting is done, workmen doing the work shall be equipped with fresh
air masks with the source of air supply monitored for suitability for breathing
purposes. Eye protection is required for those doing the blasting and other
S.R.P** NICMAR-2ND TERM- SAFETY Page 348
persons exposed in the area.
During any surface preparation involving the use of heat or fire, fire
extinguishers shall be located within 25 ft. (7.5 m) of the work.
The use of safety belts or safety harnesses is mandatory for all work more
than 10 ft (3m) above grade, which is not done from a fixed platform with
guardrails.
Pressurized spray guns are frequently used for paint application.
10. MASONRY
11. HOUSEKEEPING
Inherent with good housekeeping is the elimination of many hazards that could
result in falls, trips, cuts, fires and many other potential accidents. Good
housekeeping is a visible advertisement and promotion of safe working
conditions.
Containers for trash and debris shall be deployed throughout the site.
Schedule of pick-up and disposal of trash shall be set to prevent overfilling
containers and large accumulations at any location.
If work restricts traffic on roads, barricades to divert traffic shall be used.
Similarly, clear walkways for access to site shall be maintained. Hoses and
electric cords shall be laid to minimize road and walkway crossings. Where
necessary, these shall be run overhead, or provided with protective covering if
run at ground level.
Clean up is a part of every job to be done. Excess and scrap materials shall be
stored when not in use. Working platforms on long-standing scaffolds shall be
S.R.P** NICMAR-2ND TERM- SAFETY Page 349
periodically cleaned of debris.
Safety signages should be provided in order to warn the workers and the public of
hazards existing in the workplace. It shall be posted in the appropriate areas,
strategic locations and should be understandable. The size should conform with the
OSHS manual and same with color. All signages should be kept clean and be
inspected regularly. It should be in good condition, damage signages should be
removed or replaced.
1. OBJECTIVE
This plan covers and should be applied to all works in this project.
2.RESPONSIBILITIES
The Project-in-Charge shall be responsible for the implementation of this
Environmental Control Plan.
The Project-in-Charge shall ensure that the plan conforms to the project risk
assessment done for the project.
The Project Safety Officer shall assist the PIC in the implementation of this
plan. He shall conduct daily inspection of the site to identify non-compliance
with this plan and to determine other hazards and concerns not identified by
previous risk assessment and hazard analysis.
DUST
Sprinkle dry grounds with water
Place gravel around field office areas
Implement site speed limit at 20 kph or as required by the owner for all
vehicles
NOISE
Mount equipment so that vibration will be reduced
Position equipment as further away from the field offices and active areas as
practicable Install muffler to exhaust systems of machines and equipment
Provide ear protection for workers exposed to noise
EXHAUST EMISSION
Direct exhaust of stationary equipment away from work areas and field offices
Position machine or equipment in open areas
Do not run any gas or diesel engine inside confined spaces
Implement preventive maintenance schedule
5. MONITORING
The Project Safety Officer shall continuously monitor on-site conditions; detect
changes andnew hazards not previously identified in this plan. He shall require
immediate actions to control the hazard and prevent possible damage or
serious impact to the environment and surrounding communities.
All employees are required to wear appropriate personal protective equipment in all
operations where there is exposure to hazardous conditions or where there is need
for using such equipment to reduce the hazard to the employees.
Once issued, it is the respon maintained in safe condition and inspected daily.
1. MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS
Safety Helmet, Safety Shoes , Pants (trouser) ,maong. ,No worn out pants
,Long Sleeve T-Shirt
HEARING PROTECTION
High noise levels pose the long-range health hazard of loss of hearing to exposed
workers. Permissible noise exposures are given in Table 8b of the OSHS. Because
of the changing activities and conditions, periodic monitoring for the noise levels
throughout the construction site are required. When noise levels above permissible
level are observed, the preferred course of action is to control or isolate the noise
source thus reducing it to a permissible level for exposed workers. If it is impractical
to do this, hearing protection shall be
provided for exposed employees. Earmuffs or plugs of material designed for sound
muffling
shall be used.
FOOT PROTECTION
It is advisable for all workers on a construction site to wear safety shoes because of
the many hazards exposing feet to injury. In addition, used of boots may be required
when work is in water or feet are exposed to chemical or acids.
HAND PROTECTION
Various types of gloves shall be available and used to protect the hands from cuts,
abrasions and punctures, sparks, heat, cold, and molten metal; contact with
electricity, and exposure to toxic chemicals and acids.
SAFETY BELTS
Safety belts shall be used by all workers on elevated work where scaffolding,
ladders, catch platforms or temporary floors are not provided. Safety belts or safety
harnesses shall be attached to a fixed support, and lanyard shall restrict fall to 6 ft.
(1.8 m).
General precautions:
Read the MSDS and Label Prevent illness and injury by reading the
Material
Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) and container label for each hazardous
substance used.
These give key health and safety information about the hazardous substances
in the work area.
Container Labels/Storage of Harmful Substance Each label should list the
substance name, hazardous ingredients, hazard warnings and the
manufactuname and address.
Harmful substance should be stored in a safe plce with secured facilities.
Special Protection
MSDS gives information on the personal protective equipment (PPE) required
for the particular work being performed. These sheets would list specific types
that are recommended, such as full-face mask respirator, rubber gloves and
chemical goggle.
A logbook for data on maintenance, repairs, tests and inspections for each
heavy equipment should be maintained.
Japuz-Jansol Enterprises will hire skilled workers who are certified by TESDA, this
goes also for the heavy equipment operators. In conformity with the requirement
based on the Department Order 13.
1. FIRE PREVENTION
Good housekeeping in the construction site is the first step in a fire prevention
program. Trash shall be picked up and disposed to prevent accumulations that
can cause or contribute to a fire. Paper, rags, sawdust and scrap lumber are
commonly present; containers shall be provided to gather such debris. The
containers shall b e emptied on a schedule that avoids excessive accumulations
and overfilling.
Sources of fire ignition exist throughout a construction site with welding, flame
burning, grinding, heaters, and exhaust from engines or sparks from electrical
equipment. Scheduling shall minimize work with combustible materials in the
vicinity of ignition sources. When this is impractical, fire protection equipment
shall be provided and consideration given to providing a fire watchman to initiate
action should a fire occur when the fire hazard is large.
Only approved containers should be used to store or transport fuel.
Fuel storage tanks, hoses, etc., should be grounded.
No smoking rules must be established and enforced without exception.
Fire extinguishers should be available to all welders.
Fire drills should be considered especially if the project is in or near an existing
operating facility.
FACILITIES
The first aid station or clinic should consist the following equipment and medicines
as a
requirement of D.O.13.
Equipments
Washing Area Dressing Pads
First Aid Cabinet
Stretcher Gauze pads, finger size
Examining Table and chair Gauze swabs, medium size
First Aid Pamphlet Gauze swabs, large
Cotton Adhesive dressing
Adequate toilet, washroom and change facilities shall be provided for the work
force. Daily janitorial service shall be provided for these facilities.
A temporary bunkhouse for the workers, this will serve as a temporary shelter
complete with lockers, storing of personal belongings of workers.
A canteen will be provided for clean and sanitize food for the workers.
The work schedule will be from Monday to Saturday, 8:00 am- 5:00pm, with
15minutes
break in the morning and afternoon and one (1) hour break for lunch.
2. GARBAGE
Designate garbage collection area Clean up the site daily Dispose
garbage off site regularly and frequently Disallow eating in the work areas
1. OBJECTIVES
2. EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
Should emergency occur, the Project Incharge on site shall: Immediately secure
the area and implement the emergency action plan. According to the situation, the
person in charge will delegate authority and assure the safety of those responding.
Ensure notification of the project safety officer. Provide information regarding the
emergency to rescue personnel and project management representatives only.
Question from the press and media will referred to the
Project Management.
1. OBJECTIVE
In our company Japuz-Jansol Enterprises the workers will conduct tool box
S.R.P** NICMAR-2ND TERM- SAFETY Page 358
meeting every morning for 15 minutes, here they will identify hazard in every scope
of work and give corrective action in order to avoid accidents.
2. BENEFITS
Potential for injury property damages could be prevented and eliminated
Identified hazards could be used as a tool in the foresight of scheduled
activities
Necessary safety precautions could be planned
Job procedures and construction methods could be adjusted or improved
Provides training
Increases awareness
1. REWARD
Since the manpower of this project is less than fifty (50), we in Toyo-Tobishima
Joint Venture propose using incentives to the job-site Project Incharge, supervisor,
project safety officer, leadmen, foremen and workers based on a target recordable
injury incidence rate measured at end of the project.
2. PENALTIES/ SANCTIONS
Offenses and Description. Violation of any safety rules, regulations and general
practices promulgated by the project and/or the company.
Chemical Products
Hazard Probable
Substances Activities Control
Measures
Preservatives/ Damage to
Resin systems
Isocyanates Methylene :
Epoxy Respiratory irritant diphenyl Mechanical
Polyester causing asthma diisocyanate ventilation,
and (MDI) for thermal breathing
sensitisation.Severe insulation of apparatus,
irritant and buildings (e.g. suitable
sensitiser, toxic roof sprayed) PPE and
Styrene vapour Polyurethane for washing facilities
both toxic by decorative work Mechanical
inhalation, narcotic by ventilation,
and irritant to eyes brush, roller or breathing
and skins. spraying. apparatus,
Work using high suitable
strength PPE and
adhesives washing facilities
for joining Mechanical
structure units, ventilation,
floor, tube breathing
and pipe apparatus,
coatings. Glass suitable
fibre reinforced PPE and
structure work, washing facilities
claddings and
coatings.
S.R.P** NICMAR-2ND TERM- SAFETY Page 362
Site Microbiological risks Site Thorough site
contaminants include Weil‟ s redevelopment examination and
disease, involving ground clearance
tetanus, hepatitis B work, demolition,
tunnelling
activities,
work near
contaminated
water
courses.
Others
APPENDIX D.
We need you - work safely
Safety is a cheap and effective insurance policy
Ignoring a warning can cause much mourning
Replacing a saw guard is easier than replacing a finger
Safety - it's in your hands
Protect your hands...Use your head
Be hand-in-glove with safety
Use your wits.....use padded mitts
Only you can prevent forest fires
Practice Fire Safety. Watch what you heat
Learn not to burn
Electrical safety leads to fire safety
To :
Construction manager/
Supervisor/engineer
Resident engineer
of contractor
APPENDIX E
ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION REPORT
Site :
Date :
Name and designation of the injured person :
Date and time of accident :
Exact location in which accident took place :
What was the injured doing at the time of accident :
Describe briefly how the accident occured (add
sketches & additional sheets,if necessary) :
what was the unsafe act/condition which caused
the accident ? :
what are the precations taken to prevent similar
accidents ? :
Any other information :
2. The purpose of investigation is to find out the causes, not to fix the
blame on somebody
HAZARD & RISK / CONSEQUENCE IDENIFICATION FOR A FEW ACTIVITIES IN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRIES