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Nej, Dec 16,2009
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*g&0ðycJo h nf[k teft,fv'f D ajymcGi&hf yk*Kd~ vf csut f m;vk;H udk axmufcw H ,f? tJ'aD wmh quf
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a':atmifqef;pk=unfu tJ'u D óuqd +kd y;D awmh onf[k od&a=umif; OD;^m%f0if;u ajymjyyg
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tpOfEiS yfh wfoufI oabmxm;ar;jref;cJ+h yD; Ed0k ifbm (11) &ufwiG f Adv k cf sKyrf ;ª }u;D oef;a&$xH
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Nej, Dec 21,2009
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jzpfygw,f? bmrS Action vkyaf qmifjcif; r&dS ,if;udpEP iS yfh wfoufI OD;cifarmif
ao;ygb;l cifAs” [k ajymjyoGm;ygw,f? aqGu “vwfwavmrSmawmh atmufajc tef
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Ekid if aH &;tusO;f olwOD; axmifwiG ;f Y uG,v
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Irrawaddy, Dec 24,2009
Ekid if aH &; tusO;f ol rwifwifaxG; a&mufaom aq;0g;ukor_ ray;Ekid jf cif;/u|r;f
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bmvu oHCmawmfrsm;OD;aqmifonfh a&$0g w,f? ,ckEpS t f wGi;f Yyif trsKd ;om;'Dru dk a&pD
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rE Wav;wkdif;rSm rE Wav;/ aròrd@
(jyifO;D vGi)f eJ@ rk;d ukwòf rŒd wd@k rmS &Sr;f wkid ;f &if;om;
awG OD;a& (80˜000)ausmf &SEd idk w f ,fv@dk 0ef}u;D
OD;atmifaomif;u wGuq f xm;w,fv@kd vnf;
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Irrawaddy, Dec 21,2009
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&Gwyf oJG @kd uAsmjrwfE;dk ol vli,frsm;/ bavmh*g
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f ikd v
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Hung Corporation txnf c sKyf p uf ¶ k H u uJh/ rod&ao;ygbl;/ rod&ao;ygbl;&Sif? tck
tvkyo f rm; (1˜000) ausm[ f m puf¶x Hk J nda‡ ewke;f rk@d aemufrS zke;f jyefqufygaemf?”
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uawmh tvkyo f rm;awG[m tvkyo f rm; t=um; oabmwlnrD _ r&ao;bl;vk@d tvkyf
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'Dae@v,fykdif;rSmyJ &efukeftajcpkduf ILO Weng Hong Hung Corporation
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[dr0EWm tat;vdi+ ;f a-umifh jrefrmjynf a'otcsKŒd tat;vGef
Dvb, Dec 28,2009
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ppftkyfpk. 2010 a&G;aumufyGJtm; qefŒusifwdkufzsuf-u 13

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Xmeu xkwjf yefwhJ pm&if;awGt& od&ygw,fcifAsm? Ñ Ñ Ñ
jrefrmhqidk ;f 0kid ;f wGif taemufwidk ;f wl&,
d mrsm; rok;H &[kxw
k jf yef
Irrawaddy, Dec 29,2009
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“qkid ;f ynm &Si}f u;D awGu ,Ofaus;r_ yg0ifygw,f?
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xGuaf ygufurkd &SmbJ azmufxu 15
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tckawmif jrefrmhqkdif;0kdif;awGudk iSm;wJhol aom v#ypf pfypPn;f rsm; xnfo h iG ;f ok;H pGjJ cif;ukyd g
awmfawmf enf;vm+y?D 'Dvdk uef@owfcsuaf wG ydwyf ifoifo h nf[k ajymygw,f? Ҧk;d &mxde;f
yg xkwv f u dk af wmh ydq k ;kd wmayg”h [k ‚if;uok;H odr;f csiw f ,f qk&d ifawmh pyDumawGyg rok;H
oyfygw,f? jrefrmhw&l , d m ypPn;f rsm;=um;wGif oifb h ;l vk@d t}uHðycsiw f ,f? 'Dvdk acwfaemuf
Ekid if jH cm; wl&, d mypPn;f rsm; a&mpyfI aumif; jyefqaJG ewJh t,ltqawGukd xkwjf yefw,fqdk
rGepf mG tok;H csrnfqv d k #if tok;H csoifah =umif;/ xkd awmh usaemfw@dk widk ;f jynfu (18)&mpkudk ESpf
uJo h @k d tok;H ðyr_rmS tEkynmw&yfrjzpfbJ zsuf oufv@dk jzpfygvrd rhf ,f”[k olu qufajymyg
qD;onfh oabmrsKd ;qkv d #if rvkyo f ifah =umif; w,f?
aw;a&;q&m jrifrh ;dk atmifu ‚if;.tjrifudk jrefrmhqkdif;0kdif; azsmfajzr_rsm;wGif
ajymjyygw,f? eef;awmfa&SŒq&mwif. ajr; taemufwidk ;f *DwoHpOfrsm;ukd wGzJ ufoq D dk
jzpfol Zmwfrif;om;eef;0if;uvnf; “jrefrmh wD;r_wf azsmfajzvmonfrSm 2004 ckESpf
*DweJ@ urBm@*w D ukd a&mpyfv@dk &ygw,f? 'gay aemufyidk ;f rS pwifjzpfEidk af =umif; qkid ;f ynm&Sif
r,fh odyv f eG u
f o J mG ;+y;D ud, k &hf ŒJ ¶k;d &m,Ofaus;r_ oD&ad rmifarmifu ajymjyoGm;ygw,f? Ñ Ñ
&wemyHk owif;pm0efxrf;rsm; tvkyðf ywf
Nej, Dec 21,2009
qlylr_jzifh 'Drdkua&pD&Edkif[k azmfjy tv,fyikd ;f wdik ;f ppfXmecsKyfu xkwf
vdu
k o k wif;pm wm0efcH a0onfh &wemyHk ae@pOfowif;pmwGif +yD;cJh
f nfh rEœav; &wemyHo
t,f'w D mtygt0if xkwv f yk rf w
_ iG f yg0ifol onfh Ed0k ifbm (13) &ufae@u ppftpd;k &tm
tm;vHk;udk tvkyfxkwfvkdufw,fvdk@ od&yg abmfqyl rl j_ zifh 'Dru kd a&pDr&Edik q
f o
kd nfh pmom;
w,f? udk rSm;,Gi;f azmfjyjcif;a=umifh ,if;od@k tvkyrf S

16 'Dru
kd a&pDpepfqw
kd m vlwikd ;f wa,mufe‹J wa,muf av;pm;wJph epfygyJ?
xkwfypfvkdufjcif;jzpfa=umif; rEœav;pnfyif =um;cJyh gw,f? rEœav;wGif ae@pOfxw k f owif;
om,m t}uD;wef;t&m&Su d twnfðyajym pm rEœav;ae@pOfowif;pmudk pnfyifom,m
=um;cJyh gw,f? ,if;od@k rSm;,Gi;f azmfjyvdu k +f yD; aumfrwDuxkwaf 0+y;D &wemyHak e@pOf owif;
aemufw&uf Ed0k ifbm (14) &ufwiG f owif;pm pmudk tv,fyikd ;f wdik ;f ppfXmecsKyfu xkwaf 0
xkwaf 0r_ukd &yfem;um pHpk rf;ppfaq;r_ pwifchJ aejcif;jzpfum &wemyHo k wif;pmu apmifa&
jcif;jzpfygw,f? ydrk sm;ygw,f?
owif;pm wm0efct H ,f'w D m tyg “&wemyHuk a=umfjimyd&k w,f? owif;
t0if wm0ef&o dS rl sm;udk ppfaq;cJah omfvnf; u twlwyl gy?J pnfyife@J wyfe@J u OD;pD;xkwf
rSm;,Gi;f &onfh ta=umif;&if; ray:aygujf cif; wm wyfua=umfjimyd&k w,f? apmifa&enf;
a=umifh 0efxrf;tm;vH;k udk tvkyrf x S w
k yf pf enf;av; ydrk sm;w,f”[k tqdyk g pnfyif0ef
vkud jf cif;jzpfonf[k tqdyk gt&m&du S ajymyg xrf;u ajymjyoGm;ygw,f?
w,f? ‚if;u “w¶k;H vk;H ðywfw,f”[k ajym ÑÑÑ
u&ifEpS o
f pfu;l yJaG wmf Ak;H aygufurJG a+ utef,l ajz&Si;f
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u&ifjynfe,fzmyGefòrdŒ wGifusif;y yif ppfa&;v_y&f mS ;r_rsm; vk;H 0r&Sad =umif;/ rdrw d @dk
onfh u&ifEpS o f pfu;l yJaG wmfnY Ak;H ayguu f cGJ hJ trsK;d om; u&ifEpS o f pfu;l yJaG wmfukd etzu
ojzifh vltrsm;aoaus'%f&m&&Scd o hJ nfh jzpf zsuq f ;D jcif;omjzpfonf[k y'kad ';Apfouabm
&yfonf etzu autef,u l kd acsmufweG ;f &ef u ajymygw,f?
vkyaf qmifjcif;jzpfonf[k autef,l 'k-OuUÏ tqkyd g Ak;H ayguuf rGJ w_ iG f t&yfom;
y'kad ';Apfouabmu ajym=um;vku d yf gw,f? (7)OD;aoqkH;+yD;/ (11)OD;xdckduf'%f&m&SdcJh
‚if;u “tJ'grsK;d autef,u l rvkyf a=umif;/ ,if;jzpf&yfonf autef,. l vky&f yf
bl;? etzu r[kwrf rSef pGypf w GJ m? etzqkd jzpfa=umif; ppftpk;d ydik f jrefrmhtvif;owif;
wmu wkid ;f &if;om;awG&ŒJ ¶k;d &m,Ofaus;r_awG pmwGif pGypf x JG m;ygw,f? ,cifv (11) &ufae@
udk pepfwus zsuq f ;D aew,f? u&ifEpS o f pfu;l uvnf; bm;tH/ a&$*eG ;f ajy;qJo G nfh apmOrRm
&JΠ,Ofaus;r_uv kd nf; zsuq f ;D +yD; wcsucf w k f trnf&dS jynfwiG ;f a&a=umif; yd@k aqmifa&;Xme
ESpcf sujf ywf zefw;D wmjzpfw,f? jynfoal wG ykid f c&D;onfwif ESpx f yfoabFmudk waumif
taeeJ@ tjrifrrSm;zk@d vkw d ,f”[k ajymygw,f? bk;d &GmwGif ypfcwfc&H I c&D;onf (3) OD; aoqk;H
etzonf 2010 a&G;aumufyJG cJrh u
_ v kd nf; etzu autef,u l kd pGypf x
GJ m;
twGuf wkid ;f &if;om;vufeufuikd f tzJ@G tpnf; ygw,f?
rsm;udk jy\em&Smjcif;jzpfa=umif;/ rdrdwkd@ waumifb;dk &Gmom;wOD;rS tqkyd g
wyfz@GJ taejzifh zmyGeòf rdŒteD; ywf0ef;usiw f iG f ypfcwfr_wGif 'DaubDatrS &Jrif;ydkiftzJG@u
vmrnfhab; ajy;awGΠ17
waumifb;dk oabFmqdyrf S 'DaubDat taumufr;ª Akv
d o
f ed ;f wef(ac: ) Akv
d *f syu
k kd pD;yGm;a&;
jy\emrsm;a=umifh vma&mufypfowf&mrS bm;tHo@kd qif;rnfh tqkyd gEpS x f yf oabFmudyk g
ypfcwfcjhJ cif;jzpfonf[k ajymjyoGm;ygw,f?
ÑÑÑ
autJe,
f El iS hf ppftpk;d &wku
d yf GJ ESpOf ;D us/ t&m&St
d ygt0if (6)OD;'%f&m&
Nmg, Dec 23,2009
u&ifjynfe,f/ aumhu&dwòf rdŒe,f '%f&m&olxJrS 'kwyfcJGrSL; Akdvf&JxGÉfa0ESifh
twGi;f u&iftrsK;d om;tpnf;t¶H;k (autJef wyf=uyf}uD;wpfOD;wkd@ tajctaepkd;&drf&
,l) vufatmufcw H yfEiS hf jrefrmppftpk;d &wyf onf[k ppftpk;d &wyfEiS hf eD;pyforl sm;uajym
wk@d jzpfymG ;onfw h u dk yf YGJ ppftpk;d &wyfrS ESpOf ;D a=umif; ‚if;u qufajymjyygw,f?
usqHk;+yD; t&m&SdwpfOD;tygt0if ajcmufOD; “aemufusaemfw@dk owif;jyef&wm
'%f&m&&Scd w hJ ,fv@kd od&ygw,f? u wyf=uyf}uD;wpfa,mufeJ@ 'kcJGrSL;wpf
autJe, f l wyfr[m(6) vufatmuf a,mufawmh pk;d &dr&f w,fv@dk ajymw,f? jr0wD
cHvy_ &f mS ;wyfzŒGJ rS tiftm; (15)OD;ESihf ppftpk;d & ukad &mufawmh aooGm;w,fv@dk tJvdk usaemf
ajcjrefwyf&if; cr& (547)rS tiftm; (80)cef@ wk@d awmh=um;wmyJ?”,ckumvonf ppftpk;d
wk@d ueJav;aus;&GmteD;wGif ,ckv (19)&uf &wyfrsm; tajymif;tvJðyvkyfaecsdefjzpf+yD;
ae@u &ifqidk w f u
dk yf jGJ zpfymG ;cJo
h nf[k e,fajrcH ppfqifa&; uGyu f rJ X_ mecsKyf puc (12) ae&m
wyfrLS ;Akv d }f u;D apmbl;azmu ,ckvakd jymonf? wGif puc (8)rS tpm;xk;d 0ifa&mufvm&m
”oluwyfcsdef;vkdufwmav? puccsdef;wJh wku d yf }GJ uD;rsm;jzpfymG ;r_r&Sad omfvnf; ajymuf
tcsed rf mS tJv&dk ifqidk jf zpfymG ;cJw h mayhg? ae@vnf usm;ESihf &ifqidk w f udk yf rGJ sm; r=umce jzpfymG ;ae
(11)em&D avmufrmS jzpfwm? tJrh mS ESpaf ,muf ygw,f?
yJcG si;f +yD;oGm;w,f? aemufxyf olw@dk ajcmuf ,if;udpEP iS yhf wfoufI autJe, f l
a,muf '%f&m&w,f?” A[krd S ajyma&;qkcd iG &hf o dS l Akv
d rf LS ;apmvSaiGu

qufo,
G rf mS ,lvykd gu shwekhamaukhq@gmail.com,
www.nldla.net.
P.O Box (34)Mae Sot,
Tak 63110.
Thailand.
Ph: 089 856 56 91

18 etz 2010 udk [efcsun

f n
D D wdu
k zf su-f u?
“tJ'h zD ufrmS awmh wku d yf aGJ wGuawmhawmuf a,mufygomG ;w,f? (18)&ufae@rmS yJ awmifil
av#mufjzpfaew,f? usaemfod&oavmuf c¶kid rf mS yJ usaemfw@dk a&wHceG ef @J yvuf0=um;
av? tJ'h zD ufrmS awmh ceceyJ olw@dk jzpfwt hJ cg rSm puc (5)&JΠvufatmufcHwyfu (5)
rSm oH;k av;ig;a,mufuswmwk@d '%f&m&wm a,mufaow,f? (9)a,muf'%f&m&w,f?
wk@d awmh&w dS ,f” [kajymygw,f? autJe, f l aoqH;k oGm;wJx h rJ mS 'kAv
dk wf pfa,mufygomG ;
wyfr[m (2)e,fajrYvnf; ,ck&ufykdif; w,f?” vwfwavmtajctaet& ppftpk;d
twGi;f wku d yf jGJ zpfymG ;r_ ykrd sm;vm+y;D ppftpk;d & wyfEiS hf ('DaubDat) yl;aygi;f wyfw@dk autJef
wyfrS xdckdufusqHk;olrsm;wGif t&m&Sd}uD; ,l vufatmufcH wyfr[m (5/ 6/ 7) e,fajr
tqifx h d yg0ifa=umif; ‚if;u ajymygw,f? rsm;wGif tiftm;ykrd dk jznfw h if;vm+yD; ppfqif
“awmificl &kid f xef;wyifòrdŒe,fu a&;rsm; jyefvnfðyvkyv f mEkid of nf[k Adv
k rf LS ;
wyfr[m(2)rSmqk&d if (16)&ufae@u urlvedk @J apmvSaiGuoH;k oyf ajymqkcd yhJ gw,f?
xD;rl;xm=um;rSm wku d yf w GJ pfyjGJ zpfw,f? yJ}G uD; xk@d tjyif ,ckwpfygwt f wGi;f wk;d
w,fv@dk ajym&rSmayhg? puc (5) vufatmufcH wufaom u&ifA'k b < momwyfrawmf ('Dau
wyf&if;eJ@jzpfw,f? tJ'w D u dk yf rGJ mS &efozl ufu bDat) wyfz@GJ0iftiftm; (1˜000)cef@ autJef
(14)a,mufaow,f? (17) a,muf'%f&m& ,lwyfr[m (5)e,fajrtwGi;f ok@d a&muf&adS e
w,f? aooGm;wJt h xJrmS enf;AsL[mrSL;wpf onf[k autJe, f u l ajymjycJyh gw,f? Ñ Ñ Ñ
xdik ;f Edik if w
H iG f jrefrmtygt0if awmif;pm;olrsm;udk ta&;,lrnf
Nej, Dec 28,2009
xdkif;EdkifiHtwGif; vdkufvHawmif; jzwfcjhJ cif;jzpf+yD; xkid ;f wEdik if v
H ;Hk &dS awmif;pm;
pm;aeolrsm;ESihf *d% k ;f tzG@J rsm;udk xdik ;f tpd;k &u olrsm;udk vdkufvHzrf;qD;um ¶dk;¶dk;om;om;
jyif;xefpGm zrf;qD;ta&;,lawmhrnfh Oya' awmif;pm;olrsm;udk jyefvnfðypkysKd ;axmifa&;
jyÏmef;vdkufaom Xmersm;od@k yd@k aqmifrnfjzpf+yD; awmif;pm;&ef
a=umihf xdkif;EdkifiH apcdik ;f onfh *d% k ;f tzG@J rsm;udk axmif'%f (7)ESpf
twGi;f awmif;pm; ESihf '%faiGbwf(6)aomif; jypf'%fcsrw S f rnf
aeonfh jrefrmrsm; jzpfygw,f? befaumuftygt0if rJaqmuf/
ygta&;,lcH& &aemif;/ r,fqikd pf onfh a'orsm;wGif vdu k v
f H
awmh r nf j zpf y g awmif;pm;ol jrefrmuav;i,f (4˜000)cef@&Sd
w,f? onf[k jrefrmuav;i,frsm;udk okawoe
,ckv (23) &ufwGif ðyvkyfonfh ðyaeonfh tzG@J wzG@J .ppfwrf;udk ud;k um;+yD;
xkid ;f tpk;d &0ef}uD;rsm; tpnf;ta0;wGif qk;H a0gA&DG iS ;f tzG@J 0efxrf;wOD;u ajymygw,f?
ppftm%m&Sifpepf usqHk;a&;twGuf pnf;vHk;-u/ nD!Gwf-u/ xºuG-u? 19
 rJ a qmuf ò rd Œ wG i f awmif ; pm;ol (8)axmif ,lxm;w,f? tvkyf (6)v vkyaf y;
jrefrmEkid if oH m;rsm; uav;vl}uD; (100) cef@&Sd &r,fqdk+yD; aps;xJrSm wae@bwf (100)&
+yD; xuf0ufcef@rmS jr0wDrw S qifh aqGrsK;d om; atmifvdkufawmif;&w,f/ r&&iftdrfrjyef&
csi;f rsm;ESihf vma&muforl sm;jzpf+y;D usew f 0uf bl;/ xrif;vnf;rau|;bl;/ t¶du k cf &H wmvnf;
cef@rmS *d% k ;f rsm;. apcdik ;f jcif;cH&olrsm; jzpfyg &dw S ,f/ taºu;G aus&if usaemhu f kd befaumuf
w,f? yd@k r,fv@kd ajymw,f? tck (6) vjynfah wmhr,f”
touf (75) ESpcf ef@&Sd rsurf jrifzcif [k ajymygw,f?
jzpfot l m; rJaqmufaps;wGif awmif;&rf;&ef rJaqmufòrŒd wGif wm0efusonfh jrLeD
vmyd@k onfo h rD;jzpfou
l “usrwd@k u wu,f pyg,f &J0efxrf;wODu “olawmif;pm; (acgx)H
'kuaQ &mufv@kd yg? &wmawGukd tazhtwGuyf J awGudk t&ifu pDrHcsufeJ@zrf;+yD; jyefydk@wm
oHk;wmyg? &efukeftxd ac:+yD;yg+yD? bdk;bGm; awG&w Sd ,f/ tvkyrf jzpfb;l jyefvm=uwmyJ?
&dyfomqdkwmu ol@tqufeJ@olac:wmyg? ta&jym;a&m*gonfawGygawmh &yfuGufu
wu,fqif;&J EGr;f yg;wJv h q l &kd if vufrcHygb;l / ¶H;k udwk ikd w
f mawG&wSd ,f? tcktpd;k &u w&m;
usrudk,fawG@yg”[k ajymygw,f? xdkif;EdkifiH 0ifOya'xkw+f y;D zrf;zd@k &aSd wmhaps;xJrmS tawmf
twGi;f awmif;pm;oluav;i,fwOD;u“usaemfh enf;oGm;+yD; olawmif;pm;awGu owif;udk
taru oxHu k ae tvkyv f yk zf @kd rJaqmufukd ud, k xhf ufawmif t&ifow d ,f” [k ajymyg
yd@k vu
kd wf myg? taru tvky&f iS q f u D bwfaiG w,f? Ñ Ñ Ñ
xkid ;f Ekid if aH &muf jrefrmtvkyo
f rm;rsm; qENjy awmif;qdck sut
f m;vH;k &&Sd
Nej, Dec 18,2009
xdik ;f Edik if H ywfcsb
f &l cD ¶dik /f prkeaf 'g&dS “wu,fv@kd vduk af vsm ndE‡ id_ ;f ray;
(SAHA FARM Co²Ltd) =uufom;xkwv f yk f bl;qdk&if tvkyfrqif;bJ qENjyr,f? 'Dae@
a&; puf¶w kH iG f jrefrma&$Œajymif; tvkyo f rm; a&$Œajymif;tvkyform;ae@vnf; jzpfw,f?
(5˜000)cef@u tvkyo f rm;tcGit hf a&; wd;k jri‡ hf 'Dae@vnf; usaemfw@kd tvkyrf qif;bl;” [k
&&Sad &;twGuf qENjyawmif;qd=k uvd@k od&yg tvkyform;tcGifhta&; awmif;qdkqENjyol
w,f? udak usmaf usmu f ajymygw,f?
use;f rma&;cGi&hf ufyif cHpm;cGirhf &Sb
d J vkyo
f m;wOD;csi;f tajccHvpm xdik ;f
tvkycf sed f w&uf (12) em&D rem;wrf;cdik ;f apr_/ bwf (4˜500)/ tvkycf sed f w&uf (12) em&D/
tajccHvpm tcsdefydka=u; cHpm;cGifhenf;yg;r_ tcsed yf akd =u;twGuf wem&D bwf(20)om&&Sd
wd@k ukd jyifqifay;&ef tvky&f iS x f H awmif;qd=k u onft h wGuf vkyo f m;wOD; wv tjrifq h ;kH 0if
jcif;jzpfygw,f? aiG bwf(4˜950)om &&Sad =umif; od&ygw,f?
20 etz 2010 udk [efcsun
f n
D D wdu
k zf su-f u?
 jrefrma&$Œajymif;tvkyform;rsm; wJh uwday;=uw,f”[k qENjyr_udk acgif;
qENjyyGu J kd w&m;0if 0ifa&mufaphpyf ndE‡ i_d ;f ay; aqmifco hJ l tvkyo f rm;u tcsu(f 5) csuu f kd
&ef jynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdkifiHtrsdK;om;!Gef@ ajymjyygw,f?
aygif; tpdk;& (NCGUB)u xdkif;a&SŒaersm; ,ck =uufom;xkwv f yk af &; puf¶. kH
aumifpDudk ta=umif;=um;pmay;ydk@xm; vkyif ef;cGJ puf¶wkH ckwiG f +yD;cJ@onfv h u ,ckuhJ
a=umif; od&ygw,f? “xdik ;f a&SŒaersm;aumifpD od@k qENjyawmif;qdrk _ jzpfymG ;cJ+h y;D puf¶}kH u;D =uyf
udk ta=umif;=um;xm;w,f? tck qENjyyGu J kd olrsm;u awmif;qdck surf sm;udk vdu k af vsmrnf
w&m;0if 0ifa&mufnd‡E_dif;ay;zkd@ wdkufwGef; qduk m uwdysucf @J ra_ =umifh ,ckw}udrf xyfrH
xm;ygw,f”[k (NCGUB) 'kuo Q nfrsm;ESihf awmif;qd=k ujcif;jzpfygw,f? “wu,fv@kd olw@kd
a&$Œajymif;tvkyo f rm;a&;&m wm0efcH udo k uf uwdxyfzsufr,fqdk&if w&m;Oya'a=umif;
cdik u
f ajymjyygw,f? t& wdik cf suzf iG vhf @kd &ygw,f”[k udo k ufcikd uf
eHeuf (7) em&DcrJG S pwifonfq h ENjyyGJ ajym=um;cJyh gw,f?
&v'ftjzpf ae@v,f (11) em&DwiG f puf¶}kH uD; (AHA FARM Co²Ltd)u =uufEi S @f
=uyforl sm;u ae@pOf tvkycf sed f (12) em&DrS =uufxu G yf pPn;f xkwv f yk af &;vkyif ef;udk Edik if H
(9) em&Do@kd av#mch say;+yD; tcsed yf t kd vkycf udk wumESifh csdwfqufaqmif&Gufae+yD; w&uf
wem&D xdkif;bwf (30) ay;rnf[k uwdðy =uufaumifa& (5)odef;udk tqifoifhpm;
vdkufaomfvnf;tvkyform;rsm;bufu aomufuek t f qift h xd ukeaf csmxkwv f yk af e
qufvufawmif;qdrk r_ sm;a=umihf rGe;f vGJ (1) ygw,f? Ñ Ñ Ñ
em&Dcw JG iG f jrefrm tvkyo f rm;rsm;. awmif;
qdck suf (5)ckv;kH udk vduk af vsmay;vdu k af =umif; a':atmifqef;pk-unf txde;f odr;f cHc&hJ o!fu
h mvrsm;
od&ygw,f?
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owfrw S cf sed x
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Irrawaddy, Dec 19,2009
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rmpd;k . tpfujkd zpfol udo k ufyikd pf ;kd ESihf a0g}uD; ‚if;udk yJc;l wdik ;f a0gòrdŒe,fom;jzpfI a0g}uD;[k
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24 ppftkyfpk. 2010 a&G;aumufyGJtm; qefŒusifwdkufzsuf-u

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Oya't& twku d t f cHacgi;f aqmifrsm; ryg0if awG@qaHk qG;aEG;r_ pwifz@dktwGuyf g tcGihf tvrf;
bJ/ Edik if w H um. apmih=f unhrf a_ tmufwiG rf &dS ay;xm;ygw,f”[k ‚if;u ajymygw,f?
bJ a&G;aumufyu JG kd usi;f yrnfqykd gu jrefrm +Aw
d ed Ef ikd if 0H ef}u;D csKyf a*:'Geb
f a&mif;
Edik if oH nf oHwreftodik ;f t0dik ;f tv,fwiG f .ay;pmudk jrefrmEdik if H &efuek òf rŒd &dS +Aw d ed o
f ¶H ;Hk rS
txD;usejf cif;/ pD;yGm;a&; wd;k wufrr_ &djS cif;wk@d wqihf ppftpd;k &tm%mydik rf sm;xH ay;yd@k cjhJ cif;
ydkrdkjzpfay:vmum jrefrmppfacgif;aqmifrsm; jzpfygw,f? a':atmifqef;pk=unfonf vGecf hJ
onf jypfwifc&H vdrrfh nf[v k nf; rpPwm a*:'Gef onht f ESpf (20) umvtwGi;f tus,cf sKyjf zifh
ba&mif; xkwjf yefonfph mwGif ajym=um;xm; (14) ESp=f um zrf;qD;xde;f odr;f cHc&hJ +y;D +y;D cJo h nhf
a=umif;vnf; od&ygw,f? =o*kwfvwGif tar&duefEdkifiHom; rpPwm
Edb
k ,fv+f ird ;f csr;f a&;qk&iS f a':atmif ,ufawm a':atmifqef;pk=unfaetdrfokd@
qef;pk=unfEiS fh ppfreS o f nhaf wG@qaHk qG;aEG;r_ ðy a&ul;0ifa&mufcJhonfudk vufcHcJhr_twGuf

26 a':atmifqef;pk-unf/ OD;wifOD;ESifh EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om;rsm; csufcsif;v$wf?

 aemufxyf (18)v aetdrt f us,cf sKyf xyfrcH s ygwDonf 1990 ckwGif usif;ycJhonhf a&G;
xm;jcif;cH&ygw,f? aumufyw
JG iG f jynfv;Hk u|wf tEdik &f &dcS ahJ omf
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trsKd;om;'Drdkua&pDtzGJŒcsKyf teft,fvf'D ay;jcif; r&dcS ahJ y? Ñ Ñ Ñ
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a&$wiG ;f rsm;wGif tvkyo
f rm;rsm;udk bde;f ay;_y;D cdik ;f ap
Nej, Dec 30,2009
ucsifjynfe,f/ [l;aumif;csdKifh0Srf; ‚if;u “tJ'rD mS &dw S hJ bde;f uydwb f ed ;f
txufyikd ;f / wEdik ;f òrdŒe,ftwGi;f &dS tcsKŒd aom vd@k ac:wJh bde;f rsK;d ? a'oxGuaf wGayg?h tJ'eD m;
a&$wiG ;f rsm;wGif tvkyo f rm;rsm;udk bde;f ay; u pdu k w f b hJ ed ;f oD;u tap;jcpf&if rcJawmh ydwf
um cdik ;f apaew,fv@kd od&ygw,f? tusJprSm bdef;ap;awGokwf+yD; tajcmufcH
wEdik ;f òr@d e,ftwGi;f &dS wHyk eDEiS hf w*g; xm;&w,f? tJ'Dbdef;ydwfpawGudk n‡yf+yD;
ca'o a&$wGif;rsm;wGif tvkyform;rsm;udk tvkyo f rm;awG a0ay;aewm? tJ'gukd a&eJ@
yHrk eS t f vkyq
f if;Edik &f efEiS hf tvkyo f rm;xGuaf jy; jyefusK+d yD; aq;xd;k tyfe@J ta=umxJoiG ;f wm
r_rsm; r&daS p&ef &nf&, G +f yD; bde;f oH;k pJo G rl sm;udk vnf;&dw S ,f? iSuaf ysm&Gut f Ekukd "m;eJ@ Ekwf
ae@pOf bde;f ay;um tvkycf ikd ;f apaeonf[k Ekwv f ;SD +y;D tajcmufvyk x f m;wJ[ h meJ@ ydwb f ed ;f
tqdkyga'orS jyefvmonfh a'ocHwOD;u udk tap;xGuv f matmif usKx d m;wJ[ h meJ@ or
ajymygw,f? ‚if;u“wcsKŒd a&$wiG ;f u tvkyf atmifa&m+yD; ¶SLwJhenf;vnf; &dSw,f”[k
orm; (5) a,mufavmufe@J vkyw f m&dw S ,f? ajymygw,f?
wcsKŒd u (50/ 100) txdawmif&w Sd ,f? aiG tvkyo f rm;rsm;rSm aiGcsucf si;f &vdk
t&if;tED;S eJ@ a&$xu G wf thJ ay: rlwnf+y;D tvkyf =uaoma=umihf vpmaiGyHkrSef ray;Edkifonfh
orm;awGac:wm rwlbl;? tJ'Da&$wGif;rSm ae&mrsm;wGif r+rJbx J uG af jy;aer_rsm; &daS eo
bde;f pm;awGyJ tvky+f rJwm? +yD;awmh cdik ;f vd@k jzifh tvkyo f rm; &Sm;yg;r_&aSd ecsed wf iG f ,ckuo hJ @dk
vnf;aumif;w,fw?hJ ausmufw;kH }uD; o,fr bde;f pJaG eonfh tvkyo f rm;rsm;udk iSm;&rf;ae
&wm/ opfw;kH }u;D awG z,f&wm/ reuf csr;f csr;f jcif;vnf; jzpfygw,f? ,ck wHyk eDEiS hf w*g;ca&$
at;at; a&xJrmS tvkyv f yk Ef ikd w
f mu olw@kd wGi;f rsm;wGif wEdik ;f a'oqdik &f m uGyu f rJ p_ pf
yJ&w Sd m”[k ajymygw,f? bde;f pJaG eonfh tvkyf XmecsKyfrS ppfwyfrsm;uvnf; r=umc%vm
orm;rsm;tm; reuf tvkyq f if;cge;D w}udr/f a&muf qufa=u;aiGaumufae=uonf[k
nae tvkyo f rd ;f csed w
f }urd f bde;f yHrk eS af y;ae&+y;D wEdik ;f òrdŒe,frS a'ocHu ajymygw,f?
tpm;taomufEiS hf aexdik pf &mom ay;xm;& ÑÑÑ
a=umif; tqdyk ga'ocHu ajymygw,f?
tusOf;uscH wdkif;&if;om;acgif;aqmifrsm;tm; csufcsif;v$wf? 27
 (62) }urd af jrmuf jrefrmhvw
G v
f yfa&; tar&duef tpd;k & o0%fvm$ ydŒk
Voa, Dec 31,2009
2010 ckESpf Zefe0g&Dv (4)&uf/ axmufcHyga=umif;/ jrefrmEkdifiHom;awG
wevFmae@rmS usa&mufr,fh jrefrmEkid if &H ŒJ (62) tvm;wl vkyaf qmifEidk rf ,fh ae@&ufudk rdrw d @dk
ESpaf jrmuf vGwv f yfa&;ae@rmS jrefrmvlxu k dk apmihaf r#maf eyga=umif;e@J tJ'aD e@&uf r=umcif
tar&duef jynfaxmifpu k qkawmif;arwWm a&mufvmr,fvkd@ rdrdwkd@ar#mfvihfyga=umif;
yd@k ovku d +f y;D vGwv f yf +ird ;f csr;f ºu, G 0f csr;f om tar&duefjynfaxmifpu k jrefrmvlxq k D ay;yd@k
+yD; 'Dru dk a&pDxeG ;f um;wJh jrefrmEkid if jH zpfvmzk@d wJh vGwv f yfa&;ae@ o0%fvm$ rSm azmfjyxm;
tar&duefjynfaxmifpu k tckid t f rmaxmuf ygw,f?
cHyga=umif; tar&duefEkdifiHjcm;a&;Xmeu tar&duef jynfaxmifp[ k m jrefrm
a=unmcsuw f apmifxw k jf yef+yD; ajymqkv d u dk f EkdifiHqkdif&mrl0g' ajymif;vJusifhokH;r,fvkd@
ygw,f? a=unmcJ+h yD;aemufyidk ;f vufaxmuf Ekid if jH cm;
'Dru dk a&pDvv kd m;wJh jrefrmvlx&k ŒJ a&;0ef}uD; umhwu f rf;bJvf (Kurt Campbell)
qEN jynf0h apzk@d jrefrmtpk;d &u t"dym` ,fjynfh jrefrmEkdifiHukd oGm;a&muf+yD; jrefrmppfacgif;
0wJh óud;yrf;tm;xkwfr_awGeJ@ vkyfaqmifr_ aqmifawGtygt0if a':atmifqef;pk=unfe@J
tay: tajccH+yD; ESpEf idk if q H ufqaH &; wk;d wuf awGŒqkH aqG;aEG;cJyh gw,f? tJ'rD wkid cf ifuawmh
atmifvyk af qmifomG ;zd@k tar&duefjynfaxmif txufv$wfawmftrwf *sifrf0ufbf (Jim
pku tqifoih&f adS ew,fv@kd a=unmcsux f rJ mS Webb) oGm;a&mufc+hJ y;D jrefrmppfaumifpa D cgi;f
azmfjyxm;ygw,f? olw@dk &ŒJ vl@tcGit hf a&;udk aqmif Akv d cf sKyfr;ª }uD;oef;a&$e@J yg awGŒqkaH qG;
vGwv f yfpmG tok;H ðywJh ae&mtES@H u vlxak wG aEG;cJyh gw,f?
&JŒ +idr;f csr;f wJh óud;yrf;tm;xkwrf a_ wGukd rdrw d @dk ÑÑÑ
ppfuidk ;f wkid ;f txufyikd ;f udk A[dðk yyD; tiftm;jyif; ivsiv
f y+ f
Dvb, Dec 29,2009
ppfuidk ;f wkid ;f txufyidk ;f azmif;jyif oGm;wJh 'Divsi[
f m jyif;tm; (5)'or (4) &pf
òrd@0ef;usiu
f dk A[kðd y+yD; tiftm;jyif; ivsiw f ck cswmpau;&Syd gw,f? a'opHawmfcsed f rGe;f vJG
(29)&ufae@ rGe;f vGyJ idk ;f u v_ycf wfomG ;a=umif; (3)em&DcrGJ mS v_yof mG ;wm jzpfw,fv@dk od&ay
qif[mG owif;t& od&ygw,f? r,fh tysut f pD;owif;awmh rod&ao;bl;vk@d
azmif;jyifòrd@&@J ta&Sa› jrmufbuf (8) rk;d -Zv Xmeukd uk;d um;+y;D qif[mG owif;rSm
uDvkdrDwmtuGm 'grSr[kwf [krRvif;òrd@&J@ azmfjyxm;ygw,f?
awmifbuf (56) uDvt dk uGmukd A[kðd yv_yf ÑÑÑ

28 ppftm%m&Sifpepf usqHk;a&;twGuf pnf;vHk;-u/ nD!Gwf-u/ xºuG-u?

 [movl&i$ af wmf &S'J ;kd uG,v
f eG f
Nej, Dec 29,2009
2002 ckESpf0ef;usifupI jrefrm awmh oD;oef@cx
JG u
G +f yD; tvkyv
f yk =f uwmjzpf
wEdik if v H ;kH wGif emrnfausm=f um; vlord sm;um vmw,f? 'gayr,fh vlawGom uGw J m/ pdwu f
,ae@wikd af tmifjrifaeqJjzpfonfh (5) OD;aygi;f twlwyl gy?J ,ae@xd twlwyl gy”J [k ajymyg
a&$ n D t pf u d k w,f?
[movl & $ i f &S'J ;kd onf vGecf ahJ om 2005 ck ESpu f
awmftzGJ@rS yif use;f rma&;raumif; pwifjzpfc&hJ m b,f
[mo o¶k y f bufajcaxmufwzufukd jzwfvu kd &f a=umif;/
aqmif &S'J ;kd onf ,if;aemuf aetdrfwGif (6) vcef@em;um
tqkwf/ a&$nDtpfudkESihf twlwGJI AD'D,dkrsm;¶dkuf
ausmuf u yf / ul;cJah =umif; a&$nt D pfut kd zG@J 0if xufxufu
iSufzsm;a&m*g ajymygw,f? &S'J ;kd onf ucsijf ynfe,f zm;uef@
wd@k jzifh 'DZifbm (26)&ufae@ eHeuf (1)em&D a'owcGiEf iS hf ,if;teD;tem;òrŒd wk@d wiG f Zmwf
ausmw f iG f &efuek òf rdŒ ajrmufOuUvmyaq;¶Hk uaeonfrmS (7)vcef@&+dS yDjzpfa=umif; ‚if;.
}u;D Y uG,v f eG o f mG ;ygw,f? ZeD;jzpfou l ajymygw,f? “ol aeraumif;vd@k
2005 ckEpS u f pI +idr;f csr;f / aumif; usru oGm;ac:wm? ol@ukd jyefvu kd zf @kd ajymyg
ausm/f xufxuf/ 0dik ;f cspEf iS hf &S'J ;kd wd@k yg0ifaom w,f? olu ESpfcsKyfuwdpum; qdkxm;wJh
a&$nt D pfut kd zG@J rmS wpkwvH;k wnf; ujyazsmf twGuf ZmwftzG@J rmS xdcu kd rf mS pd;k vd@k jyefrvdu k f
ajzae&mrS wOD;csif;pD. pD;yGm;a&;a=umifh cGJ bl;? olao&ifvnf;ZmwfcakH y:rSm aoygapwJ”h
xGuf tvkyv f yk uf ikd pf ;D yGm;&Sm=u&if; &S'J ;kd (zd;k cspf [k &S'J ;kd .ZeD;u ajymjyygw,f?
Edik )f u ZmwftzG@J jzifh jrefrmwEdik if v H ;kH od@k ‚if; &S'J ;kd vH;k 0 use;f rma&;raumif;onfh
vl&i$ af wmf yifu, kd Af ZD 0goemt& azsmaf jzae twGuf &efuek o f @kd +y;D cJo
h nf'h ZD ifbmvqef;u
cJha=umif; vl&$ifawmf OD;ref;ausmfuajymyg jyefa&mufc+hJ y;D aemuf &efuek f txl;ukaq;cef;
w,f? wckjzpfaom yg&*laq;cef;wGif ukor_c, H cl hJ
a&$nDtpfudk tzGJ@0if vl&$ifawmf um ,if;rS ajrmufOuUvmyaq;¶Hk}uD;odk@
aumif;ausmu f “usaemfw@kd a&$nt D pfukd tzG@J ajymif;a&$ŒukocJjh cif;jzpfygw,f? “&S'J ;kd u e*du k
u tzG@J vu kd t f aeeJ@ tEkynma=u;jrifw h ,f? yJZmwfru&&if raewwfwo hJ /l olu 0goemyg
'gah =umifh iSm;&rf;olawGtaeeJ@vnf; wcsKŒd u w,f? ol@p¶du k f vlwzufom;udk &Datmifvyk f
vludk cGJiSm;vmwmawG&Sdw,f? tJ'Duae+yD; ae&&if auseyfwo hJ ?l Zmwfuae&if; zsm;w,f/

G -f u ?
xGuaf ygufurkd &SmbJ azmufxu 29
tJ'Dzsm;awmh a&mufwJh òrdŒ&JŒeD;pyf&maq;¶Hk jzpfjzpf &S'J ;kd twGuaf wmh usaemfw@kd ZmwftzG@J
awGukd wif&wmaygAh sm? qd;k wmwcku e,f ua&m/ o¶kyfaqmifawGxJuyg rsm;pGmpdwf
aq;¶Hak wG[m use;f rma&; raumif;wJo h al wG raumif;jzpf&w,f? tEkynm&Siaf wGtwGuf
twGuf tqifrh D ukoay;Edik zf @kd tajctaer&Sd vnf; usaemfajymcsifwmu usef;rma&;udk
bl;? usaemfw@kd vkd e,fwumudv k n
S +hf yD; tEk txl;*¶kpu kd =f uzd@k ygy?J 'grS tEkynmeJ jh ynfoul kd
ynmeJ@ rdom;pkpm;0wfaea&;udk taxmuf tvkyt f au|;ðyEkid o f l jzpfvmrSmyg”[k trnf
tul vkyfae&wJholawGtaeeJ@ e,fawGrSm razmfvakd om 0g&ifZh mwfobif/ *DwESihf o¶kyf
usef;rma&;wckck raumif;jzpf&if &efukefudk aqmifwOD;u ajymygw,f?
jyefvmr,fh p&dwu f vnf; qifz;kd xuf c|e;f zd;k [mo vl&i$ af wmf &S'J ;kd onf uG,v f eG f
}uD;aygAh sm? tck ud&k 'JS ;kd u olaewmuvnf; pOfwGif touf (48)ESpf&Sd+yDjzpf+yD; ZeD;ESifh
ayayawawaew,f? +yD;awmh aq;ukor_ touf (11) ESpt f &G,f om;wOD; use&f pfcyhJ g
awGudk cH,lwJhtcgrSmvnf; oltjynfht0 w,f? ‚if;tokbudk ae@v,f (12) em&DwiG f
r&&Smbl;? aiGa=u;a=umifh pD;yGm;a&;udv k nf; a&a0;okomefY rD;o+*õK[fcyhJ gw,f?
aeraumif;wJ=h um;u &SmcJ&h oljzpfw,f? bmyJ ÑÑÑ
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jrefrm tvkyo
f rm;rsm;twGuf tqifjh rifyh nmoifausmif; csi;f rdik w
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Irrawaddy, Dec 31,2009
xdik ;f Edik if H csi;f rdik òf rdŒY jrefrmtvkyf aqmufjcif;rsm;/ yHkESdyfvkyfief;ESifh ywfouf
orm;rsm;twGuf tqifhjrifhynmoif=um; aom ynm&yfEiS hf tyfcsKyfoifwef;rsm; yg0if
Edkif&efESifh udk,fydkif toufarG;0rf;a=umif; rnf[k OD;ode;f 0if;u ajymygw,f? (Bridging
ðyEdik &f eftwGuf (Bridging Educational Access course)twGuf oifwef;cse d f (2) ESp=f umrnfh
to Migrants)(BEAM)trnf&o dS ifwef;ausmif; jzpfygw,f? yxrESpw f iG f t*Fvyd pf m/ ocsmF /
ukd vmrnfZh ef0g&v D qef;ydik ;f wGif pwifziG v
hf pS f pmayESihf tEkynm/ vlra_ &;bmomESihf odyH`
rnf[k od&ygw,f? bmom&yfrsm;udk oif=um;yd@k csrnfjzpf+yD; 'kwd
,if; oifwef;ausmif;wGif aygi;f ul; ,ESpw f iG f (GED)twGuf owfrw S xf m;onfh
ynma&; (Bridging course)ESihf toufarG;r_ oif¶;kd pmtkyrf sm;udk wdu k ¶f ukd o f if=um;yd@k csrnf
ynm&yfrsm;udk oif=um;oGm;rnf[k od&yg jzpfygw,f? bmom&yf tm;vH;k udk t*Fvyd f
w,f? (Bridging course)wGif t*Fvyd pf m/ ocsmF / bmomjzifh oif=um;rnf jzpfygw,f?
pmayESihf tEkynm/ vlra_ &; bmom/ odyb H` m “wcsKŒd vlawGu txufwef;ausmif;
omESihf (GED) ynma&;rsm; yg0ifrnfjzpf+yD; wuf+y;D xdik ;f Edik if u
H kd a&mufvmw,f? wcsK@d u
oufarG;r_ bmom&yfrsm;wGif 0bf'ZD ikd ;f wnf vnf; wuUov kd f yxrESp/f 'kw, d ESpf wuf+yD;

30 a':atmifqef;pk-unf/ OD;wifOD;ESifh EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om;rsm; csufcsif;v$wf?

'Dbufukd a&mufvmw,f? a&mufvmwJh tcg txufwef;ynmESihf wuUov kd yf nm quf
usawmh olw@dk txufwef;ynmeJ@ wuUov dk f vuf oif=um;&ef qEN&adS om ausmif;om;rsm;
ynm qufwufEikd zf @kd u vkad ew,f? tckvkd twGuf tqdyk gausmif; zGiahf y;&ef vkt d yfa=umif;
vkt d yfv@kd q&mwd@k awG wdik yf if+yD; 'Dausmif;udk OD;ode;f 0if;u ajymygw,f?
zGizhf @dk pOf;pm;vku d w f m” [k 'g¶u kd w f m OD;ode;f 0if; “jrefrmjynfrmS qd&k if ydu k qf tH rsm;
u ajymjyygw,f? oifwef;csdefukd eHeuf }uD;ay;rS wufcGifh&w,fav? tck 'DvkdrsdK;
(8)em&DrS ae@v,f (11)em&Dtxd wcsed /f nae tcGit hf a&;awG &wJt h wGuf t&rf;0rf;omyg
(5)em&DrS n (8)em&Dtxd wcsed [ f I
l (2) csed f w,f? tckv@dk jrefrmtvkyo f rm;awGukd tjrif
owfrw S x f m;+y;D (Bridging course) twGuf pkpk us,v f matmif ulnaD y;wJh q&m/ q&mr
aygi;f oifwef;om; (40)wufa&mufciG hf &So d nf awG&w dS t hJ wGuv f nf; t&rf;yDwd jzpfw,f”[k
[k od&ygw,f? (Bridging course)wuf&ef pdw0 f ifpm;aeaom
xdik ;f Edik if H csi;f rdik òf rdŒ&Sd jrefrmtvkyf csif;rdkifnaps;&Sd pm;aomufqdkifwqdkifwGif
orm;rsm;twGuf tajccHynmtqifh oif tvkyv f yk af eonfh vDq;l wdik ;f &ifom; udt k av;
=um;ay;onf h oif w ef ; ausmif ; om&S d + yD ; u ajymoGm;ygw,f? Ñ Ñ Ñ
yl;aygif;aqmif&u
G af &; axmufcrH nf[k jrefrmhta&; aumfrwDajym
Mizzima, Dec 31,2009
a':atmifqef;pk=unfu Akv d cf sKyfr;ª jrefrmta&;aqG;aEG;yGt J m; ,ckvukew f iG f ðy
}uD;oef;a&$xHESifh yl;aygif;aqmif&Gufrnf[k vky&f ef pDpOfxm;aomfvnf; aumfrwD0ifrsm;
qdjk cif;udk axmufcaH =umif; jrefrmhta&; aqG; taejzifh (88)ausmif;om;rsm;/ 0g&ifh Ekid if aH &;
aEG;yGJ usi;f ya&;aumfrwDu ajymygw,f? orm;rsm;/ wkid ;f &if;om; acgi;f aqmifrsm;ESihf
“a':pkudk vGwv f yfpmG aqG;aEG;cGiðhf y Ekid if aH &; wufºuGorl sm;udk vdu k vf aH qG;aEG;r_
yg? a':pk yl;aygif;aqmif&Gufr,fqkdwmukd rsm;r+y;D qH;k ao;ojzifh vmrnfv h 'kw, d ywfo@kd
usaemfw@dk axmufcyH gw,f? t[ef@twm;jzpf ajymif;a&$Œvdkufygw,f? aqG;aEG;yGJusif;y+yD;
atmif raqmif&GufygeJ@? tavsmhay;r_wck aemuf &v'frsm;tm; owif;rD', D mrsm;xHo@kd
jzpfcsijf zpfr,f? 'gayrJh wkid ;f jynftusK;d ukd a&S;¶_ a=ujimay;rnfjzpf+yD; pwifusi;f yonfah e@rmS
r,fq&dk if 'Dtajctaeudk olw@dk vufc&H r,f” yif aumfrwDtm; zsufodrf;vkdufrnfjzpf[k
[k A[ef;òrŒd e,f OD;cspaf rmifvrf;&Sd aumfrwD¶;Hk ukòd zd;rif;ode;f u ajymygw,f?
Y ðyvkyfonfh jrefrmhta&;aqG;aEG;yGJ tóud xkd@tjyif (88)ausmif;om;acgif;
owif;pm &Si;f vif;yGt J +y;D ajymcGi&hf ol ukòd z;d rif; aqmif ukrd if;ukEd idk /f uku
d }dk u;D uvnf; a':aqmif
ode;f u ajymjcif;jzpfygw,f? qef;pk=unftygt0if EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om;
tusOf;uscH wdkif;&if;om;acgif;aqmifrsm;tm; csufcsif;v$wf? 31
rsm;tm;vH;k vGw+f idr;f csr;f omcGiðhf yrS 2010 qufvuf vkyfaqmifoGm;rnfjzpf+yD; trsKd;
a&G;aumufyu JG dk vufcrH nf[o l nfh tcsuEf iS hf om;jyefvnfoifjh rwfa&;twGuf oifyek ;f acs
trsKd;om;'Drkdua&pDtzGJ@csKyf. a&$*Hkwkdif Edik af =umif;ESihf ppfwyftm; &efot l jzpf oabm
a=ujimcsuyf g ta=umif;t&mrsm;udk owif; rxm;a=umif; oluqdyk gw,f?
axmufrsm;tm; &Si;f jycJo h nf[k od&ygw,f? “a&SŒquf+yD; *k%o f uQm&Spd mG jzwf
owif;pm&Si;f yGuJ kd ,refae@ ae@vnf oef;r,f? ppfwyf/ jynfoyl ;l aygi;f &r,fav?
(1)em&DrS (2)em&Dct JG xd usi;f ycJ+h yD; jynfwiG ;f 'gayrJph pfwyfu Ekid if aH &;orm;awGuk d r,H=k unf
owif;Xmersm;jzpfaom &efuek w f idk ;f (rf)/ jrefrm ao;bl;”[k olu ajymygw,f? +yD;cJo h nfh Ek0d if
wkid ;f (rf)/ 7 days/ Flower News/ True News/ bmvv,fwiG f jyef=um;a&;0ef }uD;Xme/ p&z
The VoiceESifh EdkifiHjcm; owif;Xmersm;jzpf t}uD;tuJ 'kAv dk cf sKyf}uD; &JjrifEh iS hf jynfxaJ &;
onfh Reture/ AP/ AFP / tygt0if owif; 0ef}uD;Xmersm;ok@d jrefrmhta&;aqG;aEG;yGJ vkyf
Xme (20)ausmf wufa&mufco hJ nf[k ukòd z;d rif; rnft h a=umif;pm yk@d vu dk &f m Ek0d ifbmv (28)
ode;f u ajymygw,f? tqkyd g owif;pm&Si;f &ufae@wiG f p&zrS aumfrwD0ifrsm;. aetdrf
vif;yGo J @dk p&z (2)OD;cef@ wufa&muf em;axmif rsm;ok@d vma&mufar;jref;pHpk rf;cJah =umif; od&
cJyh gw,f? xd@k tjyif &JEiS hf axmufvrS ;f a&;rsm; ygw,f? ukòd z;d rif;ode;f . aetdru f v kd nf; p&z.
uvnf; apmif=h unfch +hJ yD; wufa&muforl sm; “Ekid if aH &;ygwrD sm; pHpk rf;a&;tzG@J ”rS wyfr;ª wOD;
tm; "gwfyHk¶kduf,lcJha=umif; oluqufajym acgi;f aqmifI vma&muf ar;jref;pHpk rf;cJo h nf[k
ygw,f? EkdifiHa&;ukd yGifhvif; jrifomatmif vnf; od&ygw,f? Ñ Ñ Ñ
tusO;f om; (7)axmiftwGuf q&m0ef (1)OD;om&Sd
Irrawaddy, Dec 29,2009
jrefrmEdik if w
H iG f tusO;f om; (7˜000)v#if q&m0ef (1)OD;E_e;f om cef@tyfxm;a=umif; tusO;f
OD;pD;Xme.pm&if;rsm;t& od&ygw,f? tusO;f om; (2)ode;f cGcJ ef@ukd use;f rma&; apmifah &Smufra_ y;&ef
aq;bufqidk &f m0efxrf; (75)OD;om cef@xm;aoma=umifh tusO;f om;rsm;. use;f rma&;rSm pk;d &drzf , G f
&mtajctaewGif &Sad eonf[k &efuek òf rŒd rS taxGaxGa&m*guk q&m0efwOD;uok;H oyfygw,f? jrefrm
Ekid if &H d S tusO;f axmif (42)ckEiS h f &Jbuftvkypf cef; (109)ckwiG f tusO;f om;ESih f tcsLyfom; ta&twGuf
(248˜664)OD;&Sad omfvnf; tqdyk gtusO;f om;rsm;ESihf tcsKyo f m;rsm;udk use;f rma&; ðypkapmifah &Smuf
r_ay;&ef tusO;f OD;pD;XmewGif q&m0ef (34)OD;/ use;f rma&;rª; (19)OD;/ olemðy(22)OD; pkpak ygi;f (75)
OD;&Sad =umif; tusO;f OD;pD;Xme !$e=f um;a&;rª;csKyf OD;aZmf0if;u &efuek t f if;pdeaf xmifwiG f Ek0d ifbmv
(27)&ufu ðyvkycf o h J nfh tusO;f om;use;f rma&;qkid &f m tvky¶f aH k qG;aEG;yGw
J iG f w&m;0ifxwk af zmfajym
=um;cJyh gw,f? Ñ Ñ Ñ

32 tm%m±l;ppftpdk;&. &ufpuf,kwfrmr+rsm;tm; &J0HhpGmazmfxkwf-u?