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Flowchart

Plant transpiration
Introduction
Methodology
Results and discussion
Summary and Conclusions

Light and Photosynthesis


Introduction
Methodology
Results and discussion
Summary and Conclusions
Flowchart

Plant transpiration
Introduction
Methodology
Summary and Conclusions
Results and discussion

Light and Photosynthesis


Introduction
Methodology
Summary and Conclusions
Results and discussion
Plant Transpiration
Lateral Movement
And
Path of Water Rise
Flowchart

Plant transpiration
Introduction
Methodology
Results and discussion
Summary and Conclusions

Light and Photosynthesis


Introduction
Methodology
Results and discussion
Summary and Conclusions
Definition
 Transpiration

evaporation of water from plants. It occurs


chiefly at the leaves while their stomata are
open for the passage of CO2 and O2 during
photosynthesis.
Factors Affecting Transpiration
• Light
• Humidity
• Temperature
• Wind
• Soil moisture
• Internal Conc. Of CO2
light
 Plants transpire more rapidly in the light than
in the dark.

 light stimulates the opening of the stomata.


Light warms the leaf.
Temperature
 Plants transpire more rapidly at higher
temperatures

 Temperature affects humidity


Humidity
 When the surrounding air is dry, diffusion of
water out of the leaf goes on more rapidly.

 Humidity is affected by temperature


Wind
 no breeze air is humid thus reducing the
rate of transpiration

 breeze  humid air is carried away and


replaced by drier air.
Internal Concentration of CO2
 If CO2 concentration decreases  stomata
opens

 Reverse is also true


Underlying Principle of the
Experiment

 Rate of transpiration = Rate of water absorption

Transpiration decreases the water potential in the mesophyll cell,


and thus, pulls water up from the roots and stems in vessels and
xylems
Xylem
 Consists of tracheids and vessel cells
 Transport water
 Have pits at the side to allow lateral movement
Flowchart

Plant transpiration
Introduction
Methodology
Summary and Conclusions
Results and discussion
Summary and Conclusions

Light and Photosynthesis


Introduction
Methodology
Results and discussion
Summary and Conclusions
Methodology
Control set-up
 Kept inside the room
120 (botany lab)
 Away from electric
fans and windows
 One branch covered
with plastic
 Held by iron clamps
 Experiment lasts for
2 hours
Under bright light set-up
 Kept inside the
room 120 (botany
lab)
 Away from
electric fans but
BESIDE THE
WINDOWS
 Held by iron
clamps
 Experiment lasts
for 2 hours
Moving air set-up
 Kept inside the
room 120 (botany
lab)
 BESIDE the
electric fan but
away from the
windows
 Held by iron
clamps
 Experiment lasts
for 2 hours
Blocked stomata setup
 Kept inside the room 120 (botany lab)
 Away from the electric fan and from the
windows
 Held by iron clamps
 Experiment lasts for 2 hours
 Stomata were blocked by Petroleum jelly
Lateral movement setup
 Lasts for 24
hours
Flowchart

Plant transpiration
Introduction
Methodology
Results and discussion
Summary and Conclusions

Light and Photosynthesis


Introduction
Methodology
Results and discussion
Summary and Conclusions
Results and Discussion
mL of H2O left
unabsorbed
Control 3.2

Under strong sunlight 1.5

Covered stomata 4.5

With Moving air 2.4


Versus control
 Plants absorb more water if exposed to strong
light and moving air

 More water transpires from the leaves if the


plant is exposed to strong sunlight or moving
air
Versus replicates
 Less water is absorbed if the stomata are
blocked

 Less water is transpired when the stomata are


blocked
Covered branch in Control
 Water droplets form at the walls of the plastic
Begonia setup
 A tube like structure was observed when begonia
absorbed the dye
Flowchart

Plant transpiration
Introduction
Methodology
Results and discussion
Summary and Conclusions

Light and Photosynthesis


Introduction
Methodology
Results and discussion
Summary and Conclusions
Summary and Conclusion
 Plants transpire more if exposed to strong
light and moving air

 Plants transpire less if the stomata are blocked


Conclusion
 Plants transpire more if the moisture content of air
(humidity) is less than the concentration of water
inside the leaves

 Humidity of air adjacent to the plant leaf (or stomata)


is inversely proportional to heat, light and wind

 Plants transpire more if there is more heat, light, and


wind
Presence of water droplets
 Presence of water droplets indicate that water
was released from the branch

 Specifically H20 was released from the stomata


and accumulated in the walls of the plastic
Begonia setup
 Water travels through the xylem

 Xylary elements are hollow


Flowchart

Plant transpiration
Introduction
Methodology
Results and discussion
Summary and Conclusions

Light and Photosynthesis


Introduction
Methodology
Results and discussion
Summary and Conclusions
Light and Photosynthesis
Flowchart

Plant transpiration
Introduction
Methodology
Results and discussion
Summary and Conclusions

Light and Photosynthesis


Introduction
Methodology
Results and discussion
Summary and Conclusions
Photosynthesis
 Uses photons to eject electrons from the trap
molecules in photosystems I and II

 Thus, the presence of light affects


photosynthesis
Flowchart

Plant transpiration
Introduction
Methodology
Results and discussion
Summary and Conclusions

Light and Photosynthesis


Introduction
Methodology
Results and discussion
Summary and Conclusions
Methodology
Hydrilla setup
 Bubbles came out from the
shoot when the setup was
exposed to bright light
Coleus setup
 Pigments being
extracted using 95%
ethanol

 Coleus leaf starts to


lose its greenish color
Coleus setup
 IKI dropped to the coleus
sample

 IKI is an indicator for the


presence of starch
Coleus sample
Flowchart

Plant transpiration
Introduction
Methodology
Results and discussion
Summary and Conclusions

Light and Photosynthesis


Introduction
Methodology
Results and discussion
Summary and Conclusions
Results and Discussions
Coleus setup Hydrilla setup
 Bluish coloration on the  Bubbles were released

uncovered leaf was upon exposure to


greater compared to that sunlight
of the covered leaf
Time interval Dim light Bright light
1 minutes 0 20
2 0 17
3 0 14
4 Hydrilla
0 setup
12
5 0 12
6 0 10
7 0 11
8 0 14
9 0 13
10 0 12
Hydrilla setup
no. of bubbles per minute interval
no. of bubbles
per minute
20
20
18 17
16
14
14
12 12 12 14
10 13
10 11 12
8
6
4
2
0 0 0 0 0
1 2 0 0
3 0 bright light
4 0 0
5 6 0 dim light
7 8 9 10
minute interval

dim light bright light


Flowchart

Plant transpiration
Introduction
Methodology
Results and discussion
Summary and Conclusions

Light and Photosynthesis


Introduction
Methodology
Results and discussion
Summary and Conclusions
Hydrilla graph
 The number of bubbles seems to be
diminishing as time passes by

 Dissolved CO2 may have been used up

 No evidence (bubbles) for the occurrence of


photosynthesis in dim light
Summary and Conclusion
 Light is needed in photosynthesis

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