Prepared by Aviti T. Mushi & Jackson J. Justo for the 3
rd
TCTP 2009 at EEPIS-ITS
1
COUNTRY REPORTUNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA
General Implementation of Information Technology on Power Electronics andDrives System Technology
General Introduction
The United Republic of Tanzania is located in Eastern Africa between longitude 29
o
and 41
o
East, Latitude 1
o
and 12
o
South [1]. It occupies total area of 948,350 km
2
which include land, water, forest and woodlands. Tanzania is the biggest (landarea) among the East African countries (i.e. Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi andTanzania). By 2005 the population of Tanzania was estimated to be over 33.5million and the latest projections estimate that now the population is 43,171,105 in2009 [1].Tanzania is bordered by Kenya on the North East, Uganda on the North, Rwanda,Burundi and the Republic of Congo (D.R.C) on the North West, Zambia on the West,Malawi and Mozambique on the South, and on the East the border is in the IndianOcean where the Zanzibar Islands are located. With its position on the IndianOcean, Tanzania uses her Dar es Salaam and Tanga ports to cater for the needs of its neighbours. Its capital city is called Dar es Salaam, meaning the “
port of peace
.”Tanzania has a spectacular landscape of mainly three physiographic regions namelythe Islands and the coastal plains to the east; the inland saucer-shaped plateau;and the highlands. The Great Rift Valley that runs from north east of Africa throughcentral Tanzania is another landmark that adds to the scenic view of the country.
The country has the largest concentration of wild animals. It also has pristinesandy beaches and Africa’s highest and snow-capped mountain, Mt. Kilimanjaro.
Tanzania is home to the world famous National Parks and Game Reserves
of:Ngorongoro Crater, Selous Game Reserve, Gombe Stream, Tarangire, Lake Manyara,Mikumi, Ruaha, Saadani, Udzungwa Mountains, and Mkomazi Game Reserve. OtherGame Reserves include: Amani, Kigosi, Lukwika-Lumesule, Maswa, MonduliMountains, Msangesi and Ugala. In addition, Tanzania is home to world famousZanzibar Spice Islands on the Indian Ocean. These islands serve as tourist attractionsince they hold a large piece of East African history with its narrow streets, oldestSultan houses and the Slave market.Its main exports comprise of coffee, cotton, cow meat, and tilapia. Currently thereis an ongoing campaign of reviving the agricultural sector through the motto“Kilimo Kwanza”, which means agriculture first. To achieve this, the country hassought aid from Indonesia in terms of tractors and expertise. Another key player inthe campaign is South Korea who is providing the same assistance as Indonesia.The following is a map of the United Republic of Tanzania which highlights some of the above mentioned facts.
Prepared by Aviti T. Mushi & Jackson J. Justo for the 3
rd
TCTP 2009 at EEPIS-ITS
2
Figure 1: The map of Tanzania showing some facts [2].Tanzania and Indonesia have been friends for some time through which Indonesiahas helped in terms of technical expertise and consultations in agriculture andindustry. This vibrant relationship continues until today. Recently the TanzanianPrime Minister Mr. Mizengo Pinda visited Indonesia in the month of September, andthe picture below in Figure 2 show him shaking hands with President SusiloBambang Yudhoyono.
Prepared by Aviti T. Mushi & Jackson J. Justo for the 3
rd
TCTP 2009 at EEPIS-ITS
3
Figure 2: Tanzania’s Prime Minister on the left is seen greeting the President of Indonesia on the right [3].
General Description of IT Field
Information and Communication Technologies (
ICTs
) services, such as telephones,e-mail, Internet etc., are concentrated in urban areas. The Tanzanian Nationalvision 2025 is looking forward to facilitate the ICT services in all possible sectors [4-5].ICT sectors have been identified as the key factor for social and economicdevelopment in parts of the world. However in Tanzania, the ICT has limitedinfrastructure and cost of implementation is very high. This has resulted in lowusage and penetration of ICT services in rural areas. Establishing and operatingrural ICT service centres is perceived to be more costly based on the infrastructurein the sparsely populated areas with low income per capita. This indirectly, hascaused the ICT centres in rural areas to be risky and costly compared to the urbanareas. This situation is worsened by the lack of reliable electricity as the prevailingpower rationing [6]. The current access of rural population to electricity is lessthan 2% [7] and the national statistics show that only 12% had access to electricityby 2007 [8]; and availability is not guaranteed with long time power rationing orload shedding [6, 7, 8].Nevertheless, ICT sector is growing though expensive at the moment. Use of computers in universities and colleges has been achieved for some time now. Most
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