WHAT IS MICROPROCESSORWHAT IS MICROPROCESSOR??
A Microprocessor is a multipurpose, programmable, clock-driven,A Microprocessor is a multipurpose, programmable, clock-driven,register-based electronic device that reads binary instruction from aregister-based electronic device that reads binary instruction from astorage device called memory, accepts binary data as input, processstorage device called memory, accepts binary data as input, processthis input data according to the instruction that have been read andthis input data according to the instruction that have been read andthen provides results obtained from this processing as output.then provides results obtained from this processing as output.
So microprocessor is a programmable device that has computingSo microprocessor is a programmable device that has computingand decision-making capability. Hence it plays a significant role in theand decision-making capability. Hence it plays a significant role in thefunctionality of industrial societies.functionality of industrial societies.
This programmable logic device can be used to control various This programmable logic device can be used to control variousprocesses and devices. The products that use microprocessor forprocesses and devices. The products that use microprocessor forcontrolling its various processes are calledcontrolling its various processes are called
Microprocessor- basedMicroprocessor- basedproducts.products.
When microprocessor is used in the embedded form of a largerWhen microprocessor is used in the embedded form of a largersystem and it works as the central processing unit of a computer ,thensystem and it works as the central processing unit of a computer ,thenit is called microcomputer .The communications and operations in theit is called microcomputer .The communications and operations in themicroprocessors are based on the binary numbers via 0,1.These aremicroprocessors are based on the binary numbers via 0,1.These arecalled Bitscalled Bits
..
Each microprocessor have a fixed set of instructions which haveEach microprocessor have a fixed set of instructions which havedifferent binary patterns .This fixed set of instructions is calleddifferent binary patterns .This fixed set of instructions is called
machine languagemachine language
of a microprocessor .These binaryof a microprocessor .These binaryinstructions are given some abbreviated names so that humaninstructions are given some abbreviated names so that humanbeing can easily understand and use the instructions. Thesebeing can easily understand and use the instructions. Theseabbreviated names are calledabbreviated names are called
mnemonicsmnemonics
and the complete Setand the complete Setof mnemonics of a microprocessor is called itsof mnemonics of a microprocessor is called its
assemblyassemblylanguagelanguage
..
The definition of a microprocessor as illustrated above can be The definition of a microprocessor as illustrated above can beshown diagrammatically in figure 1.1.shown diagrammatically in figure 1.1.
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