Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Alexandru Juncu
alex.juncu@rosedu.org
New CCNA 307 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 1
Agenda
Telefonia IP
– concepte
– pros & cons
VoIP în practică
– SIP
–Asterisk
New CCNA 307 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 2
Telefonia clasică
CO CO
CO
CO
New CCNA 307 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 3
Telefonia clasică
Semnalizare + Voce
CO CO
CO
CO
New CCNA 307 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 4
Telefonia digitală
CO CO
New CCNA 307 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 5
Rețeaua de date
IP Date
New CCNA 307 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 6
Ce avem...
PSTN Internet
New CCNA 307 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 7
Ce se dorește...
Rețea
convergentă
New CCNA 307 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 8
VoIP: de ce da?
New CCNA 307 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 9
VoIP: de ce nu?
Reinventarea roții?
– dar e o roată nouă
New CCNA 307 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 10
Componentele unei rețele VoIP
New CCNA 307 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 11
VoIP în 5 minute...
Semnalizare
Voce
New CCNA 307 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 12
Cum ajunge Vocea un pachet?
Digitalizare
– eșantionarea semnalului analogic
– cuantizarea eșantionului
– encodarea eșantionului
– (opțional) compresia datelor
New CCNA 307 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 13
Codarea vocii
Pulse
Code
Modulation
(ITU-T G.711)
Compresie:
64kbps
(DS0)
New CCNA 307 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 14
Codec-uri
Bit Rate Scor
Metodă de compresie Delay Compresie(ms)
(kbps) MOS
G.711 PCM 64 4.1 0.75
G.726 ADPCM 32 3.85 1
G.728 LD-CELP 16 3.61 3 to 5
G.729 CS-ACELP 8 3.92 10
G.729 x 2 Encodings 8 3.27 10
G.729 x 3 Encodings 8 2.68 10
G.729a CS-ACELP 8 3.7 10
G.723.1 MP-MLQ 6.3 3.9 30
G.723.1 ACELP 5.3 3.65 30
New CCNA 307 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 15
Pachetele de voce
• Sunt mici…
20-30 ms de voce
New CCNA 307 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 17
SIP
Adresare:
–sip://alexj@telephony.cs.pub.ro
New CCNA 307 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 18
Asterisk PBX
Open Source
Server SIP
PBX
– interconectare cu PSTN
Bazat pe contexte
New CCNA 307 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 19
Configurare Asterisk
Terminal în rețea
– are implementată stiva TCP/IP
– are MAC
– are IP, subnet mask, default gateway, nameserver
Client SIP
– are configurat un SIP Proxy
– se autentifică printr-un cont SIP
New CCNA 307 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 21
Softphone
Aplicație software
Se bazează pe
– stiva TCP/IP din sistemul de operare
– placa de rețea a PC-ului
Client SIP
– la fel cu un IP Phone
– are configurat un SIP Proxy
– se autentifică printr-un cont SIP
New CCNA 307 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 22
To wrap things up...
Am vorbit despre
– de unde a pornit lumea telefoniei ...
– ... și unde a ajuns
– ce este VoIP și ce probleme vine să rezolve
– the good, the bad and the ugly... parts of VoIP
Întrebări?
New CCNA 307 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 23
Voice over IP
Mulțumesc
New CCNA 307 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 24