The Path to Carbon Dioxide-Free Power:
Switching to Clean Energy in the Utility Sector
A Study for
World Wildlife Fund
Alison BailieStephen BernowBrian CastelliPete O’Connor Joseph RommTellus Institute &The Center for Energy and Climate SolutionsApril 2003
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Table of Contents
Acknowledgments...........................................................................................................................ii1Executive Summary................................................................................................................12Introduction.............................................................................................................................43Technologies...........................................................................................................................53.1 Energy Efficiency – Demand Side.....................................................................................63.2Energy Efficiency – Power Sector.....................................................................................73.3 Renewable Energy Technologies.......................................................................................94Policies..................................................................................................................................114.1Policies in the Buildings and Industrial Sectors..............................................................114.2Policies in the Electric Generation Sector.......................................................................155Methods and Assumptions....................................................................................................176Results...................................................................................................................................186.1Electricity Generation......................................................................................................216.2 Economic Impacts............................................................................................................236.3Air Pollution Reductions.................................................................................................247The Path to Zero-Carbon Power...........................................................................................258Conclusions...........................................................................................................................26Appendix 1 - About the Contributors...........................................................................................27Appendix 2 – Analytical Approach..............................................................................................28Sources..........................................................................................................................................29
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Acknowledgments
We wish to thank Monica DeClerq, Rebecca Eaton, Lara Hansen, Katherine Silverthorne andKathleen Sullivan of WWF for their assistance on this report.We would like to thank colleagues at the American Council for an Energy Efficient Economyand the Union of Concerned Scientists with whom Tellus has worked on similar analyses in therecent past and from which this work has benefited.We wish to thank the following people who gave their expertise in reviewing this study:
Mark Bernstein of Rand Corporation, Thomas R. Casten of Private Power LLC, Ken Colburn of Northeast States for Coordinated Air Use Management (NESCAUM), Dan Lashof of NaturalResources Defense Council, Scott Sklar of The Stella Group, and Marika Tatsutani of NESCAUM.
Review of the report does not imply endorsement of its contents. Information and opinions contained inthis report are the views of the authors and of WWF.
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