Photo
I
(PMA
101)


Edward
Stapel

Assignment
1:
How
changes
in
aperture
and
shutter
speed
affect
exposure.



Portrait
with
gray
card.



You
should
get
close
enough
to
your
subject
to
fill
the
frame
with
their
face
and
the
gray

card.

You
must
do
this
outdoors
with
smooth,
even
light
(open
shade
is
perfect).

Make

sure
that
your
subject
is
not
back
lit.

Do
not
do
this
indoors.




1. Borrow
a
friend
and
have
him
or
her
stand
in
an
area
that
is
evenly
lit
holding
a

gray
card
under
their
face.



2. Take
a
meter
reading
off
of
the
gray
card
(make
sure
that
the
shutter
speed
is
set

to
1/60
or
faster
to
prevent
camera
shake).

3. Take
first
picture
at
indicated
reading.

Write
down
shutter
speed
and
f/stop

below.



Shutter
Speed
_________




f/stop
_________



4. Leave
shutter
speed
at
the
same
setting
and
close
down
the
aperture
one
stop

(for
example:
if
you
are
at
f/8
go
to
f/11
–‐‐
remember:
bigger
number
=
smaller

aperture).



f/stop
________



5.


Now
close
down
one
more
stop.
 
 f/stop
________



6. Refer
back
to
your
initial
setting
in
step
3.

Now
open
up
one
stop
(for
example:

if
you
are
at
f/8
go
to
f/5.6
‐‐‐
remember:
smaller
number
=
bigger
aperture).



f/stop
________



7.



Now
open
up
one
more
stop

 
 
 f/stop
________



Still
life
with
gray
card.



1. Set
up
your
gray
card
in
an
outdoor
scene
making
sure
that
the
card
is
evenly
lit.

2. Take
a
meter
reading
off
of
the
gray
card.

3. Take
first
picture
at
indicated
reading.
Write
down
shutter
speed
and
f/stop

below.



Shutter
Speed
_______
 f/stop
________



 4. Leave
the
aperture
at
the
same
setting
and
change
the
shutter
speed
to
one
stop

faster
(for
example:
if
you
are
at
1/125
go
to
1/250).



Shutter
Speed
_______



5. Now
one
stop
faster
again.



Shutter
Speed
_______



6. Refer
back
to
your
initial
setting
in
step
3.

Now
change
the
shutter
speed
to
one

stop
slower
(for
example:
if
you
are
at
1/125
go
to
1/60)



Shutter
Speed
_______



7. Now
one
stop
slower
again.



Shutter
Speed
_______



Something
Light.



1. Take
something
light
in
color,
but
not
white,
such
as
an
off‐white
curtain,
or
a

light
gray
t‐shirt.

2. Take
a
meter
reading
directly
off
of
the
subject.

3. Take
first
picture
at
indicated
reading.
Write
down
shutter
speed
and
f/stop

below.



Shutter
Speed
_______
 f/stop
_______



4. Now
leave
the
shutter
speed
setting
and
open
the
aperture
one
stop.


 
 
 


 
 
 
 
 
 
 f/stop
_______




5.

Now
open
up
one
more
stop
 
 
 f/stop
_______



Something
Dark.



1. Take
something
dark
in
color,
but
not
black,
such
as
a
dark
gray
sweatshirt.

2. Take
a
meter
reading
directly
off
of
the
subject.

3. Take
first
picture
at
indicated
reading.
Write
down
shutter
speed
and
f/stop

below.




 

 
 Shutter
Speed
_______
 f/stop
_______



4. Now
leave
the
aperture
setting
and
change
the
shutter
speed
to
one
stop
faster

 


 

 
 Shutter
Speed
_______



5. Now
change
the
shutter
speed
one
stop
faster
again




 

 
 Shutter
Speed
_______









Helpful
reminders:



f/stops:


 
 2
 2.8
 4
 5.6
 8
 11
 16
 22
 32


 
 Larger
apertures
 
 
 
 
 Smaller
apertures


 
 Let
in
more
light
 
 
 
 
 Let
in
less
light





Shutter
speeds:
 
4
 8
 15
 30
 60
 125
 250
 500
 1000


 
 Slower
speeds

 
 
 
 
 
 Faster
speeds


 
 Let
in
more
light
 
 
 
 
 
 Let
in
less
light