A Project Report on

‘SWOT ANALYSIS of Punjab Roadways’

Submitted By
Submitted To
Abhishek Sharma
Prof. Harmesh Lal
B.Com Final Head.of
Comm.Dept.
Roll No. 1107

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 I Abhishek Sharma Student of

B.Com Final Submitting

this Presentation on

‘Swot Analysis of Punjab Roadways’

To Our Indain Economy Prof.

Harmesh Lal.

I am Heartly
Thankful to my Subject Teacher

Prof. Harmesh Lal

And Our Respected

Principal Mirs. Amrit

Varsha who provide

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 Us Such a helpul
Enviorenment to creat this

Presentation .

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<Concept> <Page no.>

1. Introduction 4

2. Important Features of staff 6

3. SWOT Analysis 7

4. Strenth 8

5. Weakness 11

6. Opportunities 15

7. Threats 17
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 An Introduction

Punjab Roadways being commercial department

organisation is completely controlled by the Ministry of
Transport in the state and covered by all the rules , such as
Punjab Financial Rules , Civil Services Rules and Punishment
and Appeal rules as are applicable to other departments of
the state.

Punjab Roadways came into being in the year 1948

with a fleet of 13 buses, which rose gradually to its highest
strength of2407 buses in the year 1985. It was an expanding
Department providing a reasonably efficient and comfortable
passenger bus service in the State and at the same time
creating opportunities for employment for the younger
generation who were recruited as drivers, conductors and
technicians. The operational and financial performance was
satisfactory. The things, however, started to slide down
during the years when terrorists’ activities started in the
State.

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 A large number of buses were burnt by terrorists
and other elements (Total - 38). Operation of buses was
drastically curtailed during evenings and nights, bringing
down the utilization of the fleet and the productivity of the
vehicles. Night shift working in the Punjab Roadways
workshops was almost dispensed with, thereby affecting with
noninductionof new buses to replace the over aged ones,
adversely.

Since very few new buses were added during

the past many years the number of over aged buses started

increasing, with the figure touching almost 50% of the fleet

in

1997, when Govt. decided to purchase 1100 buses for Punjab

Roadways by taking loan from banks, through PUNBUS, a

Company floated to construct and maintain bus stands. Even

this ambitious plan got scuttled with only 534 buses having

been added to the fleet during the year1997-98 and 1998-

99.

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Finance Department refused to stand guarantee for securing
loan

for purchase of more buses by PUNBUS.

Condition of the old fleet being bad the Govt.

decided in1999 to ground 150 buses, which were very old
and whose operation was totally un-economical. A similar
Decision has been taken again in March, 2002 and
July/2002withregard to another batch of 299 and 200 old
buses respectively, bringing the fleet of Punjab Roadways
down to 1720 buses. Now,
129 (71 on 15.7.03 and 58 on 15.9.03) more buses have
been
deleted from the fleet, thus reducing its strength to 1591.

 Some Importana Features of Staff Of

Punjab Roadways

LINE OF AUTHORITY AND CHANNELS IN DECISION MAKING PROCESS

IN THE HEAD OFFICE LEVEL:
 Director State Transport, Punjab.
ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICER Chief Stores & Purchase Officer
Mechanical Automobile Engg. Addl. Director (F&A) Dy. Director State
Transport
Supdt.1 Supdt.2 Supdt.3

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  Law Officer
Sr. Assistant s Sectional Officr (SAS) Asstt. Divsional Manager(T&C)
Jr. Assistnts Statistical Officer Supdt.
Dy. Controller (F&A) Clerks/Steno
(Central Store) Peons Supdt. (Commercial)

 Manager (S)
 Manager (P) . Sr. Assistants Sr. Assistants

Sr. Assistants Jr. Assistants Jr. Scale Steno/Clerk

Jr. Assistants Asstt. Controller (F&A) Clerks/Steno-typists Peons/Store
Attendant Sr. Assistants
Clerks/Steno Sr.Asstts. Peons Jr. Assistants
Peons Store Attendants Jr. Scale Steno
Clerks/Peons
Stock Verification Officer
Section Officer
Sr. Assistants
Jr. Assistants Sr. Assistants
Clerks/Steno Jr. Assistants
Peon Sr. Assistants Clerks/Steno
Jr. Assistants Peons
Clerks/Steno
Peons

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 On Punjab Roadways

As far as we will go to SWOT

Analysis on Indian Railways we must clear the meaning of
SWOT. Though at the first look the word ‘SWOT’ seems too
simple, but it is a wide term used as S.W.O.T which contains
all the necessary data or information of a Business
Organization, Firm, Others Institutions etc.

S.W.O.T contains four different aspects in it, in

which ‘S’ stands for ‘STRENTH’ of the concern object, ‘W’
stands for ‘WEAKNESS’ , ‘O’ stands for ‘OPPORTUNITY’ and
‘T’ stands for ‘THREATS’ for that concern object.

As we apply this ‘SWOT’ concept on Punjab

Roadways we see that there is a solid strength of Punjab
Roadways in itself as well as weaknesses of it. It has great
opportunities in its circle as well as threats from other private
sector efforts. In other words we can say that Punjab
Roadways is a widely used term in Indian Economy. It alone
covers more than 25% of Indian Economy Structure.

All the four aspects of SWOT in the manner of

Indian Railways are explained and described further.

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The Strenth Of Punjab Roadways Can be
Shown as Under:-

KM SCHEME BUSES AND ITS PERFORMANCE:-

KM Scheme was started to reinforce the fleet of

Punjab Roadways by hiring private buses and to operate on
the routes, on which Punjab Roadways
holds valid permits for the convenience of the people of the
state . 150 buses were inducted under this scheme in the
year, 2000. Punjab Roadways earned profit from these buses
.

REPLACEMENT /ADDITION OF BUSES

Government has decided to add 360 more buses

in the fleet under replacement scheme through PUNBUS by
raising loan of Rs.40 crore from Oriental Bank of Commerce.
Out of 360 buses, 159buses have been put on road up to
July, 05.

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 GOLDEN ROZGAR SCHEME

Government has also agreed for hiring of 250more

buses under the “Golden Rozgar Scheme” . For this purpose
tenders were floated and were due for process.

CONSTRUCTION OF BUS STANDS

Government has decided to reconstruct/

modernize three Super Bus Stands at Amritsar, Jalandhar and
Ludhiana on Build, Operate & Transfer (BOT) basis by private
participation. In this regard, bus stand Amritsar is already
under construction w.e.f.23.3.04 which is likely to be
completed on September 2005. Bus Stands of Jalandhar &
Ludhiana on BOT basis are under process with the help of
Punjab Infrastructure Development Board ( PIDB)Bus stand
Nawan shehar and Dera BabaNanak have been completed by
Punjab State Industrial and Export Corporation (PSIEC) and
charge of these Bus Stands had been taken over by the
concerned General Manager on dated 25.1.05 & 3.2.05
respectively. Bus stand of Pathankot, Hoshiarpur, Nangal and
Jagraon are under construction which are likely to be
completed by Sept. 2005.

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 FACILITIES OF FREE/CONCESSIONAL TRAVELTO
VARIOUS
CATEGORIES.

Punjab Roadways is providing free/ concessional

travel facilities to various categories like Police/ Jail
personnel, School Students / College Students / I.T.I.
Students Polytechnic Students, Freedom Fighters , Blind &
Handicapped persons Secretariat Employees, women above
60 years of age, widow of Terrorist Victim sand Thalasaemic
and cancer patients etc.

Budgetry Achievement achieved by Punjab

Roadways.

A sum of Rs. 249.18 crore was recoverable from

1996-97 to 2003–04 from different
departments for providing free/ confessional travel facilities
allowed by the Punjab Government to different categories
.Against thisamount credit to the tune of Rs. 241.17 crore
has been afforded tothe Receipt Head of the Transport
Department during 2003-04.

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 During the year 2004-05 this facility amounting to
Rs. 28.77 croreis being provided to these categories. Against
this amount Rs. 20.82crore has been received to the Receipt
Headof the Transport Department. Similarly, facilities to the
tune of Rs. 30.00 crore are also to be provided to these
categories during the year 2005-06.

TRAFFIC MANAGER WORKS MANAGER ASSISTANT

MECHANICAL ACCOUNTS SECTION SUPERINTENDENT LAW
ENGINEER OFFICER OFFICER OFFICERSTATION WELFARE
SERVICE STAT. CHIEF STORESUPERVISOR INSPECTOR
INCHARGE KEEPER DIESEL PUMP PREVENTIVE ACCOUNTANT
ESTABLISHMENTATTENDANT MAINTENANCE ASSISTANT
TECH. GRADE-I STORE KEEPER ENGINEEER CASH LEDGER
ACCOUNTSSECTION SECTION SECTION TECH. GRADE-II ASST.
STORE KEEPER ESTABLISHMENTDUTY ROUTE TIME BUS
STAND CLERKINSP. INSP. TABLE INCHARGE TECH.GRADE-III
STORE ATTDT. TYRE BATTERY INSP. CLERK ATTENDANTDUTY
CLERK PERMIT SUB INSP.CLERK PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
INCHARGE OUT SHEDDER DRIVERS CONDUCTORS

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 There are a lot of losses which Punjab
Roadways
Has to be face each and every financial year
due to ignorance and negligence of its workers
or concerned authorities for which Punjab
Roadways has to face a huge crisis. All thses
are caused are described under:-

 IGNORENCE AND NEGLIGENCE OF OFFICERS

AND EMPLOYEES OF A DEPOT OF PUNJAB
ROADWAYS .

a) LOSSES DUE TO IGNORENCE AND

NEGLIGENCE OF GENERAL MANAGER OF PUNJAB
ROADWAYS

General Manager being the Head of Office is

the overall in charge of the depot. He is to ensure
proper utilization of buses, monitoring of daily bus
utilization and route receipt of PUNBUS, Punjab
Roadways and Kilometer buses and effect control on
the expenditure on various items in the depot.

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General Manager is the administrative and financial
head of the depot. GM has the Negligence of DDO. He
has Quasi Judicious Negligence in the case of
workshop/class IV staff besides punishing authority in
the case of drivers/conductors for minor punishments,
whereas for imposing major penalties the process
from suspension up-to that of completion of regular
departmental inquiry is being got completed by the
General Manager for disposal of the cases by the
Director.

b) LOSSES DUE TO IGNORENCE AND

IRRESPOSIBILITIES OF WORKS MANAGER.

1.To ensure / proper and timely maintenance /

servicing of vehicles
2. To enquire into each breakdown and fix
Negligence of negligence, if any
3.To verify the out side repair bills
4.To ensure punctuality by the workshop/store staff
5.Preparing of annual store demand and its
transmission to Directorate
6.Purchase of spares/accessories to meet the
urgent demand from local market, Rate contract
firms and Authorized dealers and checking of
their quantity and quality.
7.Ensuring of proper cleanliness of workshop
premises/ buses and their washing
8.Making of buses available to the Duty section as
per duty roster for operation after the issue of
Fitness Certificate by the Workshop about their

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 road worthiness.
9. Making of arrangement for attending towing
accident /breakdown buses from the site to
workshop.
10) Condemnation of buses: Fair and timely
disposal of condemned of buses unserviceable/
old parts/tyres/drums etc. through public
auctions.
10. Prepare of duty rota of w/shop as per instruction.

c) LOSSES DUE TO IGNORENCE OF ASSTT.

MECHNICAL ENGINEERS
The Assistant Mechanical Engineer in a depot is
responsible for all matters relating to
procurement/consumption of Diesel and Lubricants,
consumption of New tyres and retreaded tyres ,
consumption of batteries, pollution checking of buses
and road accidents besides conducting inquries and
to examine the reasons of the accidents.

d) LOSSES DUE TO IGNORENCE AND

NEGLIGENCE OF ASSISTANT CONTROLLER (F&A)
1.Maintenance of all accounts (including those for
cash and stores) strictly on accordance with the

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 Accounting Rules Procedure for Govt. Transport
Services, other and instructions issued from time
to time. The results of various transactions should
be depicted in a manner that it should provide
check and safeguard against wasteful
expenditure, extravagance, carelessness or fraud
in realization or utilization of Govt. money and
other assets.
2.To bring up-to-date all arrears in maintenance of
accounts and clearance of liabilities.
3.A complete daily check of the transactions
appearing in the Cash Book,and its subsidiaries,
imprest and personal ledger and personal ledger
accounts. The cash book should be closed daily
and summary of unpaid items drawn up in the
cash book at the close of each month along-with
physical verification of cash checking of
T.A/overtime bills.
4.To ensure that cash balance is kept at the
minimum with the cashiers and also that all Govt.
Revenue of Roadways collected by various
agencies is deposited and reconciled promptly
and also that all advances are adjusted without
delay.

e) LOSSES DUE TO IGNORENCE OF TRAFFIC

MANAGER
Traffic manager is entirely responsible for the
operation of buses. He is to keep liaison between duty
section and workshop and likewise with other
branches of Traffic. He is to perform / ensure the

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following:
1.Preparation of duty Rota according to condition of
buses and significance of routes
2.To deploy smart/energetic drivers on long routes
and display of duty rota daily
3. Supervision of early morning bus operation and
change in the routes of drivers/ conductor’s
weekly/monthly and checking of norm register
daily and to prepare cases against those bringing
low route receipts.
4.Monitoring of route checking/surprise checking
and change in duty rota of inspector after every
three months. Analysis of reports detected by the
inspectors
5.Control on Advance Booking
6.conductors
7.
f) LOSSES DUE TO IGNORENCE AND
NEGLIGENCE OF SECTION OFFICER.
1.To apply the prescribed checks necessary to
effect economy and to guard against waste and
loss of public money.
2.To bring to the notice of Director State Transport,
through the Accounts Officer all errors and
irregularities of serious nature.
3.Pre-audit of all quotations and vouchers relating
to contingent and capital expenditure and the
audit detailed bills.
4.Internal audit of purchase, Cash and Stores
Accounts, Stationary, Uniforms, Accounts and
Stock ledgers, sanctions, Muster Rolls, Job cards

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etc.

Due to survive in this complicated

business Punjab Roadways has made many a
new Opportunities for itself for earning more
and more money. There are a lot of
opportunities for The Punjab Roadways in this
field of Transportation. All these are explained
under:-

• PTC launches in house computerization of

Bus Passes from 1st July, 2007.
• 31 Bus Pass Centers computerized and one
pass center is functioning manual all over
Punjab.
• Bus Passes shall be issued by computers
within 2 minutes.
• Each Bus Pass holder shall be
photographed through a web camera and
issued a ID card cum bus pass.
• Rs. 15 towards cost of ID Card-cum-Bus
Pass shall be payable for issuing the Photo
ID Card-cum-Bus Pass.
• Bus Pass shall be issued for 1-2-3-4-5-6
months as per choice of the applicant
except student concession, destination,
residents of resettlement colonies, route

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 pass, which will be issued on month basis
only. Passes to Freedom Fighters shall be
issued on yearly basis.
• No security is required to deposit. No
requirement of carrying photograph with
application.
• Bus Passes can be renewed during the last
5 days of the expiry of Bus Pass
• No change in existing Bus Pass fare
structure.

• PTC launches in house computerization of

Bus Passes from 1st July, 2007.

• 31 Bus Pass Centers computerized and one

pass center is functioning manual all over
Punjab.

• Bus Passes shall be issued by computers

within 2 minutes.

• Each Bus Pass holder shall be

photographed through a web camera and
issued a ID card cum bus pass.

• Rs. 15 towards cost of ID Card-cum-Bus

Pass shall be payable for issuing the Photo
ID Card-cum-Bus Pass.

• Bus Pass shall be issued for 1-2-3-4-5-6

months as per choice of the applicant

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 except student concession, destination,
residents of resettlement colonies, route
pass, which will be issued on month basis
only. Passes to Freedom Fighters shall be
issued on yearly basis.

• No security is required to deposit. No

requirement of carrying photograph with
application.

• Bus Passes can be renewed during the last

5 days of the expiry of Bus Pass.

PTC has manpower of about 27818

employees comprising of drivers, conductors,
traffic supervisory, repair and maintenance and
administration staff. The Corporation is having
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depots with sufficient parking capacity for
buses.
These depots are involved in operation and
maintenance of buses. Each depot is headed
by a

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Depot Manager, who is having subordinate
officers
in mechanical, traffic and account wings, to
assist
him in depot functioning. There are 7 regions in
PTC, each headed by Regional Manager, who is
having 4 - 6 depots under his Admn. Control.

State Transport Authority has made

amendments in the permit condition of stage
and contract carriage CNG propelled Omni
buses to ensure safety of the commuters and
other road users. Now it is mandatory for
permit holders to get their vehicles checked for
CNG leakage every quarter from the approved
centers of PTC. PTC will issue a certificate to
the vehicle owner which will be valid for three
months from the date of issue. The checking
will be carried out as per the provisions of
Annexure-VIII of AIS: 024 standards
(Automotive Industry Standards) in regard to
CNG Leakage. A fee of Rs. 500/- (Rupees Five
Hundred only) will be charged for CNG Leakage
checking. In case of leakage, a leakage report
will be provided to the operator specifying the
point of leakage for rectification of the defect.
Rs. 250/- (Rs. Two hundred fifty) only will be
charged for rechecking of the vehicle if the
vehicle is produced for rechecking within three
working days from the date of 1st checking. Rs.

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500/- (Rs. Five hundred) only will be charged
for rechecking of the vehicle if the vehicle is
produced after three working days from the
date of 1st checking. All these centers work for
seven days a week, except holidays from 08.30
hours to 17.00 hours. Private operators will
have facility to book their vehicle for checking
in advance to avoid trip missing of their
vehicle.

Hence, there is a lot of threats which

have been received by Punjab Roadways from
Private sector respectively. So to avoid these
threats Punjab Roadways must have to
improve its services as given by the Private
sector.

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