BIBLIOGRAFIA

I.- INTRODUCCIÓN A LOS GENERADORES DE VAPOR

C. D. Shields.- BOLIERS: TYPES, CHARACTERISTICS AND FUNCTIONS.- McGraw-Hill.- 1961

A. W. Jackson.- THE HOW AND WHY OF BOILER DESIGN.- Engineers Society of Western Pa.- 1967

A. R. Foster & R. L. Wright, Jr..- BASIC NUCLEAR ENGINEERING.- Allyn and Bacon, 1973
F. S. Ashner.- PLANNING FUNDAMENTALS OF THERMAL POWER PLANTS.- Wiley.- 1977
M. Wiener.- THE LAST DEVELOPMENTS IN NATURAL CIRCULATION BOILER DESIGN.- Proceeding of the A.P.C..-
1977
M. M. El-Wakil.- POWER PLANT TECHNOLOGY.- McGraw-Hill.- 1984
K. W. Li & A. P. Priddy.- POWER PLANT SYSTEM DESIGN.- Wiley.- 1985
J. G. Collier & G. F. Hewitt.- INTRODUCTION TO NUCLEAR POWER.- Hemisphere.- 1987

W. H. Axtman, R. N. Mosher & C. R. Bahn.- THE AMERICAN BOILER INDUSTRY - A CENTURY OF INNOVATION.- Ame-
rican Boiler Manufacturers Association.- 1988

II.- TRANSFORMACIONES TERMODINÁMICAS

N. B. Vargaftik.- TABLES ON THE THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF LIQUIDS AND GASES.-
Wiley.- 1975

J. H. Keenan, J. Chao & J. Kaye.- GAS TABLES.- Wiley.- 1980

C. A. Meyer & al..- ASME STEAM TABLES.- American Society of Mechanical Engineers.- 1983

M. W. Chase & al..- JANAF THERMOCHEMICAL TABLES.- A, Ch, S. & A. I. Ph..- 1986
CRC.- HANDBOOK OF CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS.- CRC Press.- 1989

B&W.- STEAM: ITS GENERATION AND USE , 40t hEdition, Chapter 2.- The Babcock & Wilcox Company.- Barberton, Ohio,
USA.- 1992

III.- DINÁMICA DE FLUIDOS

E. D. Grimison.- CORRELATION AND UTILIZATION OF NEW DATA ON FLOW RESISTANCE AND HEAT TRANSFER
FOR CROSSFLOW OF GASES OVER TUBE BANKS, Trans. ASME, Vol.59, pp. 583-594, (1937)

L. F. Moody.- FRICTION COEFICIENTES FOR PIPE FLOW, Journal of Heat Transfer, Vol.66, pp. 671-684, (1944)
A. Y. Gunter & W. A. Shaw.- A GENERAL CORRELATION OF FRICTION COEFICIENTES FOR VARIOUS TYPES OF
SURFACES IN CROSSFLOW, Trans. ASME, Vol.67, pp. 643-660, (1945)

D. Q. Kern.- PROCESS HEAT TRANSFER, McGraw-Hill, New York, (1950)

H. Ito.- FRICTION COEFICIENTES FOR TURBULENT FLOW IN CURVED PIPES, Journal of Basic Engineering, Vol. 81,
pp.123-126, (1959)

D. E. Briggs & E. H. Young.- CONVECTION HEAT TRANSFER AND PRESSURE DROP OF AIR FLOWING ACROSS
TRIANGULAR PITCH BANKS OF FINED TUBES, AIChE, Nº.41, Vol.59, pp.1-10 (1963)

R. N. Wimpress.- HYDROCARBON PROCESSING AND PETROLEUM REFINER, AIChE, Nº.10, Vol.42, pp.115-126, (1963)

S. Patankar.- NUMERICAL HEAT TRANSFER AND FLUID FLOW, Hemisphere, Washington D.C., (1980)
L.C. Burmeister.- CONVECTIVE HEAT TRANSFER, Wiley, New York, (1983)

D. A. Anderson, J. C. Tannehill & R. H. Pletcher.- COMPUTATIONAL FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER, He-
misphere, Washington D.C., (1984)
W. Rohsenow, J. Hartnett & E. Ganic.- HANDBOOK OF HEAT TRANSFER FUNDAMENTALS, McGraw-Hill, New York,
(1985)
1023
I. D. Idelchik.- HANDBOOK OF HYDRAULIC RESISTANCE, Hemisphere, Washington D.C., (1986)

B & W.- STEAM: ITS GENERATION AND USE, 40t hEdition, Chapter 3, The Babcock & Wilcox Company, Barberton, Ohio,
USA, (1992)

IV.- TRANSMISIÓN DE CALOR

A. Colburn.- A METHOD OF CORRELATING FORCED CONVECTION HEAT TRANSFER DATA AND A COMPARISON
WITH FLUID FRICTION, A.I.Ch.E., Vol.29, pp.174.- 1933
T. F. Schmidt.- WÄRME LEISTUNG VON GERRIPTEN FLÄCHEN.- Mitt. des Kältetechn.,Inst. der T.H. Karlsruhe, Vol.4.-
1949
W. McAdams.- HEAT TRANSMISSION.- McGraw-Hill.- 1967
F. Incropers & D. Dewitt.- INTRODUCTIO TO HEAT TRANSFER.- McGraw-Hill.- 1980
S. Patankar.- NUMERICAL HEAT TRANSFER AND FLUID FLOW, McGraw-Hill.- 1980

F. C. Lockwood & R. A. Wessel.- NEW RADIATION SOLUTION METHOD FOR INCORPORATION IN GENERAL COM-
BUSTION PREDICTION PROCEDURES.- The Combustion Institute, pp.1405˜1414.- 1981

C. A. Meyer & al..- ASME STEAM TABLES: THERMODYNAMIC AND TRANSPORT PROPERTIES OF STEAM.- American
Institute of Mechanical Engineers (ASME).- 1983
W. A. Fiveland.- DISCRETE-ORDINATES SOLUTIONS OF THE RADIATIVE TRANSPORT EQUATION FOR RECTAN-
GULAR ENCLOSURES.- Journal of Heat Transfer, Vol.106.- 1984

W. Roshenaw, J. Hartnett & E. Ganic.- HANDBOOK OF HEAT TRANSFER FUNDAMENTALS.- McGraw-Hill.- 1985

F. Kreith & M. Bohn.- PRINCIPLES OF HEAT TRANSFER.- Harper and Row.- 1986

W. A. Fiveland & R. A. Wessel.- A NUMERICAL MODEL FOR PREDICTING PERFORMANCE OF THREE-DIMENSIO-

NAL PULVERIZED FUEL FIRED FURNACES.- Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbine and Power, Vol.110, No.1.- 1988

W. A. Fiveland.- THREE-DIMENSIONAL RADIATIVE HEAT TRANSFER SOLUTIONS BY THE DISCRETE-ORDINATES

METHOD.- Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer, Vol.2, No.4.- 1988

B&W.- STEAM: ITS GENERATION AND USE.- 40t hEdition, Chapter 4.- Barberton, Ohio, USA.- 1992

V.- INTERCAMBIADORES DE CALOR

A. Colburn, A METHOD OF CORRELATING FORCED CONVECTION HEAT TRANSFER DATA AND A COMPARISON
WITH FLUID FRICTION, A.I.Ch.E., Vol.29, pp.174, (1933)
T. F. Schmidt, WÄRME LEISTUNG VON GERRIPTEN FLÄCHEN, Mitt. des Kältetechn., Inst. der T.H. Karlsruhe, Vol.4
(1949)

W. McAdams, HEAT TRANSMISSION, McGraw-Hill (1967)

F. Incropers; D. Dewitt, INTRODUCTIO TO HEAT TRANSFER, McGraw-Hill, (1980)

S. Patankar, NUMERICAL HEAT TRANSFER AND FLUID FLOW, McGraw-Hill (1980)

F. C. Lockwood; R. A. Wessel, NEW RADIATION SOLUTION METHOD FOR INCORPORATION IN GENERAL COM-
BUSTION PREDICTION PROCEDURES, The Combustion Institute, pp.1405-1414 (1981)

C. A. Meye., ASME STEAM TABLES: THERMODYNAMIC AND TRANSPORT PROPERTIES OF STEAM, American Institute
of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) (1983)
W. A. Fiveland, DISCRETE-ORDINATES SOLUTIONS OF THE RADIATIVE TRANSPORT EQUATION FOR RECTANGU-
LAR ENCLOSURES, Journal of Heat Transfer, Vol.106, (1984).

Roshenaw, J. Hartnett & E. Ganic, HANDBOOK OF HEAT TRANSFER FUNDAMENTALS, McGraw-Hill (1985)
F. Kreith & M. Bohn, PRINCIPLES OF HEAT TRANSFER, Harper and Row (1986)

1024
W. A. Fiveland & R. A. Wessel, A NUMERICAL MODEL FOR PREDICTING PERFORMANCE OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL
PULVERIZED FUEL FIRED FURNACES, Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbine and Power, Vol.110, No.1, (1988)
W. A. Fiveland, THREE-DIMENSIONAL RADIATIVE HEAT TRANSFER SOLUTIONS BY THE DISCRETE-ORDINATES
METHOD, Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer, Vol.2, Nº.4, (1988)

B&W, STEAM: ITS GENERATION AND USE, 40t hEdition, Chapter 4, Barberton, Ohio, USA (1992)

VI. VAPORIZACION
L.S. Tong.- BOILING HEAT TRANSFER AND TWO-PHASE FLOW.- Wiley.- 1965
G.B. Wallis.- ONE-DIMENSION TWO-PHASE FLOW.- McGraw- Hill.- 1969
Y.Y. Hsu & R.W. Graham.- TRANSPORT PROCESSES IN BOILING AND TWO-PHASE SYSTEMS.- Hemisphere.- 1976
D. Butterworth & G.F. Hewitt.- TWO-PHASE FLOW AND HEAT TRANSFER.- Oxford University Press.- 1977
R.T. Lebey & F.J. Moody.- THERMAL HYDRAULICS OF BOILING WATER NUCKEAR REACTORS.- American Nuclear
Society.- 1977
A.E. Bergles&al..- TWO-PHASE FLOW AND HEAT TRABNSFER IN THE POWER AND PROCESS INDUSTRIES.- He-
misphere.- 1981

B&W.- STEAM: ITS GENERATION AND USE.- 40t hEdition, Chapter 5.- Barberton, Ohio, USA.- 1992

F. J. Moody.- MAXIMUM FLOW RATE OF A SINGLE COMPONENT, TWO-PHASE MIXTURE, Journal of Heat Transfer,
Vol. 87, 1965.
J.S. Gittinger B&W; W.J. Arvan, Palm Beach Resource Recovery Corporation.- CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE DESIGN OF
RDF-FIRED REFUSE BOILERS.- Presented to: Power-Gen Europe ’98.- June 9-11, 1998.- Milan, Italy

VII.- METALURGIA, MATERIALES Y ENSAYOS UTILIZADOS EN LOS GENERADORES DE VAPOR

E.C. Bain & H.W. Paxton.- ALLOYING ELEMENTS IN STEEL.- American Society for Metals.- Metals Park, Ohio.- 1961

R.A. Swaling.- THERMODYNAMICS OF SOLIDS.- Wiley, New York.- 1962

H.W. Hayden & al..- THE STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS.- Vol.III, Mechanical Behavior.- Wiley, New
York.- 1965

H.E. McGannon, ed..- THE MAKING, SHAPING AND TREATING OF STEEL.- 9th.Edition, United States Steel, Pittsburgh.-
1970

C.J. Long & W.T. DeLong.- THE FERRITE CONTENT OF AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL WELD METAL.- Welding
Journal, Research Supplement, pp. 2818-2978, Vol. 52 (7).- 1973

M. Gold .- THE EFFECT OF VARYING DEGREES OF COLD CORK ON THE STRESS-RUPTURE PROPERTIES OF 304
STAINLESS STEELS.- Trans. ASME.- J. Eng. Materials and Technology, (1975)

R.A. Higgings.- PROPERTIES OF EMGINEERING MATERIALS.- Hodder and Staughton, London (1979)

D. Benjamin.- PROPERTIES AND SELECTION: STAINLESS STEELS, TOOL MATERUALS AND SPECIFIC PURPOSE
METALS.-Metals Handbook, 9th. Edition, Vol. 3, American Society for Metal, Ohio, (1980)

C. Weisman.- WELDING HANBOOK.- 7t h Edition, Vol. 1, p.272, American Welding Society, Florida (1981)

V.K. Sikka.- MODIFIED 9Cr + 1Mo STEEL - AN IMPROVED ALLOY FOR STEAM GENERATOR APPLICATION.- Ferritic
Steels for High Temperature Applications, Proceedings of ASM International Conference, Pennsylvania (1981)

W.T. Lankford,Jr..- THE MAKING, SHAPING AND TREATING OF STEEL.- 10t h.Edition, Association of Iron and Steel En-
gineers, Pittsburgh, (1970)

J.L. Barna.- FURNACE WALL CORROSION IN REFUSE-FIRED BOILERS.- American Society of Mechanical Engineers,
12t h. Biennial National Waste Processing Conference, Colorado, (1986)

A.H. Rudd & J.M. Tanzosh.- DEVELOPMENTS APPLICABLE TO IMPROVED COAL-FIRED POWER PLANTS.-1st.EPRI
International Conference, California, Electric Power Research Institute (1986)
1025
J.M. Barson & S.T. Rolfe.- FRACTURE AND FATIGUE CONTROL IN STRUCTURES.- 2nd.Edition, Prentice-Hall, New Jer-
sey , (1987)

R. Viswanathan.- LIGAMENT CRAKING AND THE USE OF MODIFIED 9Cr + 1Mo ALLOY STEEL (P91) FOR BOILER
HEADERS.- ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference, Tennessee, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, New
York, (1990)
M. Prager & C. Cantzlereds.- NEW ALLOYS FOR PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING.- ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping
Conference, Tennessee, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, New York, (1990)
R.W. Swindeman & M. Gold.- DEVELOPMENTS IN FERROUS ALLOY TECHNLOGY FOR HIGH TEMPERATYRE SERVI-
CE.- Trans. ASME, J. Pressure Vessel Technology, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, New York, (1991)

B&W.- STEAM: ITS GENERATION AND USE.- 40t h.Edition, Chapter 6, The Babcock and Wilcox Company, Barberton,
Ohio, USA, (1992)

VIII.- DISEÑO Y ANÁLISIS ESTRUCTURAL DE RECIPIENTES A PRESIÓN

W.C. Kroenke.- CLASSIFICATION OF FINITE ELEMENT STRESSES ACCORDING TO ASME SECTION III STRESS CA-
TEGORIES.- Pressure Vessels and Piping, Analysis and Computers, ASME, (1974)

R.D. Cook.- CONCEPTS AND APPLICATIONS OD FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS.- Wiley, New York, (1974)

K.R. Wichman, A.G. Hopper & J.L. Mershon.- LOCAL STRESSES IN SPHERICAL AND CYLINDRICAL SHELLS DUE TO
EXTERNAL LOADINGS.- WRC.- BULLETIN nº. 107 , Welding Research Council, New York, (1979)
V. Kumar&al..- AN ENGINEERING APPROACH FOR ELASTIC-PLASTIC FRACTURE ANALY-SIS.- Report EPRI, Nº. P-
1931, Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, California, (1981)

J.R. Farr & M.H. Jawad.- STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF PROCESS EQUIPMENT.- Wiley-Interscience, New
York, (1984)

J.F. Harvey.- THEORY AND DESIGN OF PRESSURE VESSELS.- Van Nostrand, New York, (1985)

J.M. Bloom.- DEFORMATION PLASTICITY FAILURE ASSESSMENT DIAGRAM .- Elastic Plastic Fracture Mechanics Te-
chnology, ASTM STGO-896, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, (1985)

A. Saxena.- CREEP CRACK GROWTH UNDER NON-STEADY-STATE CONDITIONS.- Fracture Mechanics, Vol. 17, ASTM
STP-905, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia. (1986)
J.L. Bassani, D.E. Hawk & A. Saxena.- EVALUATION OF THE Ct PARAMETER FOR CHARACTERIZING CREEP CRACK
GROWTH RATE IN THE TRANSIENT REGION.- 3rd Int. Sym. on Nonlinear Fracture Mechanics, ASTM STP-995, American
Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, (1989)

WSC.- GUIDANCE ON METHODS FOR ASSESSING THE ACCEPTABILITY OF FLAWS IN FUSION WELDED STRUC-
TURE.- Welding Standards Committee, PD-6493, London, (1991)

B&W.- STEAM: ITS GENERATION AND USE.- 40t h Edition, Chapter 7, The Babcock & Wilcox Company, Barberton, Ohio,
USA, (1992)

IX.- FUENTES DE ENERGÍA

C.L. Wagoner; A.F. Duzy.- BURNING PROFILES FOR SOLID FUELS,. Technical Paper 67-WA-FU-4, American Society of
Mechanical Engineers, ASME, New York, (1967)

S.J. Vecci; C.L. Wagoner; G.B. Olson.- FUEL AND ASH CHARACTERIZATION AND ITS EFFECT ON THE DESIGN OF
INDUSTRIAL BOILERS.- Proceedings, Vol. 40, pp. 850-864, American Power Conference, (1978)

G.A. Farthing..- PROPERTIES AND PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF WATER-COAL FUELS.- American Chemi-
cal Society National Meeting, Seatle, Washington, (1983)

D.L. Sala; S.P. Babu; W.J. Bair.- MILD GASIFICATION OF COAL: POTENTIAL OPPROTUNITIES FOR VALUE-ADDED
USES.- Coal: Targets of Opportunity Workshops; Proceedings, Report CONF-880770-2, U.S. Department of Energy, Wa-
shington, D.C., (1988)

WEC.- SURVEY OF ENERGY RESOURCES.- World Energy Conference, London, U.K., (1989)

ESTIMATES OF U.S. COAL RESERVES BY COAL TYPE.- Report DOE / EIA-0529, U.S. Energy Information Administration,
1026
Washington, D.C. (1989)

B&W.- STEAM: ITS GENERATION AND USE.- 40t h Edition, Chapter 8, The Babcock & Wilcox Company, Barberton, Ohio
USA, (1992)

X.- PREPARACIÓN Y MANIPULACIÓN DE COMBUSTIBLES SÓLIDOS

E.P. Pfleider.- SURFACE MINING.- The American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical and Petroleum Engineers, New York,
(1968)
A.T. Yu.- TRANSFER AND STORAGE.- Mining Engineering Handbook, Vol. 2, Section 18.6, Society of Mining Engi-neers,
New York, (1979)
I.A. Given, ed.- MINING ENGINEERING HANDBOOK.- The American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical and Petro-leum En-
gineers, New York, (1979)
R.H. Scott.- COMPETITIVE COAL TRANSPORTATION.- Coal Marketing Days Conference, Pittsburgh, (1983)
T.F. Edgar.- COAL PROCESSING AND POLLUTION CONTROL.- Gulf, Tulsa, Oklahoma, (1983)

R.D. Besset.- COAL TRANSPORTATION.- Handbook of Energy System Engineering, Wiley, New York, (1985)
D. Mahr.- COAL TRANSPORTATION AND HANDLING.- Power Engineering, pp. 38-43, November, (1985)

R.G. Schwieger.- COAL HANDLING.- Standard Handbook of Powerplant Engineering, McGraw-Hill, New York, (1989)
J.B. Smitham & S.K. Nicol.- PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PRINCIPLES CONTROLLING THE EMISSION OF DUST FROM
COAL STOCKPILES.- Powder Technology, Vol. 64, pp. 259-270, February, (1991)

B&W.- STEAM: ITS GENERATION AND USE.- 40t h Edition, Chapter 11, The Babcock & Wilcox Company, Barberton, Ohio,
USA, (1992)

XI.- INTRODUCCIÓN A LA COMBUSTIÓN

F.D. Rosini & al.- SELECTED VALUES OF PHYSICAL AND THERMODINAMIC PROPERTIES OF HYDROCARBONS
AND RELATED COMPOUNDS.- Research Project 44, American Petroleum Institute, Pittsburgh, (1953)

D. McA.Mason & B.E. Eakin.- PROPOSED STANDARD METHOD FOR CALCULATING HEATING VALUE AND SPECI-
FIC GRAVITY FROM GAS COMPOSITION.- American Gas Association Proceedings, CEP-61-11, (1961)

I.P..- GAS ENGINEERS HANDBOOK.- The Industrial Press, New York, (1965)

JANAF.- THERMODUNAMICAL TABLES, 2nd Ed..- Publication NSRDS-NBS-37, U.S. National Bureau of Standards ,
(National Institute of Standards and Technology), Washington, D.C., (1971)
NASA.- PUBLICATION SP-273.- (1971)

M.A. Elliot, ed..- CHEMISTRY OF COAL UTILIZATION, 2nd Suppl. Vol., Wiley, New York, (1981)
C.A. Meyer & al..- ASME STEAM TABLES.- American Society of Mechanical Engineers, New York, (1983)

J. Entwistle, T.C. Heil and G.E. Hoffman.- STEAM GENERATION EFFICIENCY REVISITED.- Technical Paper 88-
JPGC/PTC-3, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, New York, (1988)

CRC.- HANDBOOK OF CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS, 71st Ed..- CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, (1990)

P.M. Gehart, T.C. Heil and J.T. Phillips.- STEAM GENERATOR PERFORMANCE CALCULATION STRATEGIES FOR
ASME PTC-4.- Technical Paper 91-JPGC/PTC-1., American Society of Mechanical Engineers, New York, (1991)

B&W STEAM: ITS GENERATION AND USE.- 40t h Edition, Chapter 9.- The Babcock & Wilcox Company, Barberton, Ohio,
USA, (1992)

XII.- COMBUSTIÓN DE GASES Y FUELÓLEOS

B&W.- STEAM: ITS GENERATION AND USE.- 40t h Edition, Chapter 10.- The Babcock & Wilcox Company, Barberton,
Ohio, USA (1992)

1027
G. A. Cato, et al., Field Testing: Application Of Combustion Modifications To Control Pollutant .- Emissions From Industrial
Boilers—Phase II, EPA-600/ 2-76-086a, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, April 1976.
Particulate Emission Control Systems For Oil Fired Boilers, EPA-450/3-74-063, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Re-
search Triangle Park, NC, December 1974.
Field Chemical Emissions Monitoring Project, Site 112 Emissions Report, Preliminary Draft, Carnot, Tustin, California, Fe-
bruary 24, 1994. (EPRI Report)

http://www.osti.gov/energycitations/purl.cover.jsp?purl=/5067102-5mw8gF/
Sustainable Development Business Case Report.- Clean Conventional Fuel.- Oil and Gas.- SD Busines Case TM, versión 1.-
Noviembre 2006. www.sdtc.ca
V. V. Makarov, G. I. Ksandopulo, and V. M. Potekhin.- FUEL OIL PYROLYSIS INITIATED BY PROPANE-BUTANE-
OXYGEN FLAME.- St. Petersburg State Technological Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia , 2002

XIII.- PULVERIZADORES DE CARBÓN

R.R. Piepho & D.R.Dougan.- GRINDABILITY MEASUREMENTS ON LOW RANK FUELS.- Proceedings, Coal Technology
81, vol. 3, pp. 111 a 121, (1981)

T.D. Johnson & al..- PULVERISED FUEL SYSTEM EROSION.- EPRI Conference on Coal Pulverizers, pp. 18˜22, Central
Electricity Generating Board , England, (1985)

R.G. Zalosh.- REVIEW OF COAL PULVERIZAR FIRE AND EXPLOSION INCIDENTS ASTM-ST958, p. 194., American So-
ciety for Testing and Materials , Philadelphia, (1987)

R.T. Donais, A.L. Tyler & W.T. Bakker.- THE EFFECT OF QUARTZ AND PYRITE ON ABRASIVE WEAR IN COAL PUL-
VERIZERS.- International Conference on Advances in Material for Fossil Fuel Plants, Proceedings of the American Society for
Metals, p. 643, (1987)
Draft Standard ISO/DIS-9931.- COAL: SAMPLING OF PULVERIZED COAL CONVEYED BY GASES IN DIRECT FIRED
COAL SYSTEMS.- International Standards Organization, (1989)

A.C. Wiley & al.- MICRONIZED COAL FOR BOILER UPGRADE/RETROFIT.- Proceedings on Power-Gen 90, p. 1155 a
1170, Houston, (1990)

B&W.- STEAM: ITS GENERATION AND USE.- 40t h Edition, Chapter 12, The Babcock & Wilcox Company, Barberton, Ohio,
USA, (1992)
DEMONSTRATION OF COAL REBURNING FOR CYCLONE BOILER NOx CONTROL, Los Alamos
National Laboratory, Clean Coal Technology Compendium

Combustion Engineering.- COMBUSTION: FOSSIL POWER SYSTEMS.- 3rd ed. Windsor. 1981.
Esa Vakkilainen.- LECTURE SLIDES AND MATERIAL ON STEAM BOILER TECHNOLOGY, 2001

CFB ENGINEERING MANUAL, extract supplied by Foster Wheeler

CYCLONE FIRED WET BOTTOM BOILERS, IEA COAL RESEARCH CENTRE, Web Page, http://www.iea-
coal.org.uk/CCTdatabase/cyclone.htm , read 15.8.2002

Sebastian Teir.- MODERN BOILER TYPES AND APPLICATIONS.- Helsinki University of Technology
Department of Mechanical Engineering.- Energy Engineering and Environmental Protection

XIV.- COMBUSTORES CICLÓN

B&W.- STEAM: ITS GENERATION AND USE.- 40t h Edition, Chapter 14, The Babcock & Wilcox Company, Barberton, Ohio,
USA, (1992)

B. Fungtammasan, J. Torero& P. Joulain.- AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE COMBUSTION CHARACTERISTICS OF

SAWDUST IN A CYCLONE COMBUSTOR . Laboratoire de Chimie-Physique de la Combustion Universite de Poi tiers - UA
872 au CNRS .- ENSMABP 109-Sitedu Futuroscope.- 86960 Futuroscope Cedex, France

P. Jittrepit.- THE BURNING CHARACTERISTICS OF ASAW DUSTJIRED CYCLONE COMBUSTOR.- M. Eng. thesis, King
Mongkut's Institute of Technology North Bangkok, 1993.

N.A. Cheromisnoff.- ENCYCLOPEDIA OF FLUID MECHANICS, Vol. 4.- (Solidand Gas/Solid Flow), Guff Publishing, Hous-
1028
ton, 1986.

M. Beer, and N. A. Chigier.- COMBUSTION AERODYNAMICS, Applied Science Publishers Ltd., 1972.

XV.- HOGARES MECÁNICOS

B&W.- STEAM: ITS GENERATION AND USE.- 40tt h Edition, Chapter 15.- The Babcock & Wilcox Company.- Barberton,
Ohio, USA.- 1992

Olle Nyström Technical Expert Carl Bro International EC ASEAN Cogeneration Programme EUROPEAN EQUIPMENT
APPLICABILITY AND COMPETITIVEPOSITIONIN ASEAN COGENERATION.- Krakow, Polen, November 23-24, 2004

XVI.- CALDERAS DE LECHO FLUIDIFICADO

H.S. Mickley & C.A. Trilling.- INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY. Vol. 41, nº 6 (1949)
M. Leva.- CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING, Vol. 35, pp. 71-76 (1957)
H.A. Vreendenberg.- CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE, Vol. 9, pp. 53-60 (1968)
N.I. Gelperin, V.A. Ainshtein & L.A. Korotyanskaya.- INTERNATIONAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING, Vol. 9, nº1, pp.137-
142 (1969)

S.P. Babu, B. Shah & A. Talwalkar.- AIChE SYMPOSIUM, Series nº 176, Vol. 176, pp. 176-186.- (1978)
F.W. Staub & G.S. Canada.- FLUIDIZATION, pp. 339-344, Cambridge University Press (1978)

L.R. Gliksman & N.A. Deker.- PROCEEDINGS OF THE 6t h INTERNATIONAL FLUIDIZED BED COMBUSTION CONFE-
RENCE, pp. 1152-1158, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (1980)

J.T. Tang & al..- AIChE SPRING NATIONAL MEETING, March 27-31, Houston, Texas, USA, (1983)

H. Kobro & C. Brereton.- CIRCULATING FLUIDIZED BED TECHNOLOGY, Proceeding of the First International Confe-
rence on Circulating Fluidized Beds, pp. 263-272, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada (1985)

B&W.- STEAM : ITS GENERATION AND USE, 40t h Edition, Chapter 16, The Babcock Wilcox Company, Barberton, Ohio,
USA, (1992)
Paper Nº. FBC99-0082.- Update of Operating Experience of B&W IR-CFB Coal-Fired Boilers.- Proceedings of the 15th Inter-
national Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion.- May 16 - 19, 1999.- Savannah, Georgia

XVI.- GASIFICACIÓN DEL CARBÓN

P.R. Grosman & R.W. Curtis.- PULVERIZED-COAL-FIRED GASIFIER FOR PRODUCTION OF CARBON MONOXIDE
AND HYDROGEN, Transactions of the ASME, Paper nº.53-A-49-1953

P.B. Probert.- INDUSTRIAL FUEL GAS FROM COAL, American Ceramic Society, Washington D.C., 1975

Dravo Corporation.- HANDBOOK OF GASIFIERS AND GAS TREATMENT SYSTEMS, USERDA, Report FE-1772-11-1976
M.P. May.- SUSPENSION GASIFIER OFFERS ECONOMICS OF SCALE, Iron and Steel Engineer, pp. 45-62-1977

M.A. Elliot.- CHEMISTRY OF COAL UTILIZATION, 2nd.Suppl. Volume, Chapters 23-24-25-Wiley, New York-1981

EPRI Report AP-3109.- COAL GASIFICATION SYSTEMS: A GUIDE TO STATUS, APPLICATIONS AND ECONOMICS,
Synthetic Fuel Association-1983

J. Huebler & J.C. Janka.- FUEL SYNTHETIC, Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, 3rd ed., Vol. 11, Wiley Inters-cience-
1983

R.A. Meyers, ed.- HANDBOOK OF SYNFUELS TECHNOLOGY, Part 3-Mc.Graw Hill, N.Y.-1984

SFA Pacific, Inc.- DRY FEED ENTRAINED-FLOW COAL GASIFICATION PROCESS TECHNOLOGY STATUS, The SFA
Quarterly Report-1988

W.T. Bakker.- MATERIALS FOR SYNGAS COOLERS IN INTEGRATED GASIFICATION-COMBINED CYCLE POWER
PLANTS, Technical Brief PR-2048-1988

1029
D.M. Rib.- COOL WATER ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE UTILIZING FOR COAL FEEDSTOCKS, Eighth Annual
EPRI Coal Gasification Contractor's Conference-1988
J.E. Notestein.- UPDATE ON DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY HOT GAS CLEANUP PROGRAMS, Eighth Annual EPRI Confe-
rence on Coal Gasification, 1988
J.R. Ebbins & E. Ruhl.- THE BGL GASIFIER: RECENT ENVIRONMENTAL RESULTS, Eighth Annual EPRI Conference on
Coal Gasification, 1988

A.B. Krewinghaus & P.C. Richards.- COAL FLEXIBILITY ON THE SHELL COAL GASIFICATION PROCESS, Pittsburgh
Coal Conference, 1989
D.C. Baker & al.- ENVIRONMENTAL CHARACTERIZATION OF THE SHELL COAL GASIFICATION PROCESS, III, SO-
LID BY-PRODUCTS, Seventh Annual Pittsburgh Coal Conference, 1990
W.T. Bakker.- MATERIALS FOR COAL GASIFICATION, AN EPRI PERPECTIVE, EPRI Conference on Gasification Power
Plants, 1990
D.L. Peterson & al..- TREATMENT OF GASIFICATION WASTE WATER: TREATABILITY TEST RESULTS AND DEVE-
LOPMENT OF A PROCESS DESIGN MANUAL, Ninth Annual EPRI Conference on Coal Gasification Power Plants, 1990
SFA Pacific, Inc..- THE CLAUSS SULFUR RECOVERY PROCESS, The SFA Quarterly Report, 1990

R.P. Allen, R.A. Battista & T.C. Ekstrom.- CHARACTERISTICS OF AN ADVANCED GAS TURBINE WITH COAL DERIVED
FUEL GASES, Ninth Annual EPRI Conference on Coal Gasification Power Plants, 1990

XVIII.- CALDERAS, SOBRECALENTADORES Y RECALENTADORES

B&W.- STEAM: ITS GENERATION AND USE.- 40t h Edition, Chapter 18.- The Babcock & Wilcox Company.- Barberton,
Ohio, USA.-1992

XIX.- ECONOMIZADORES Y CALENTADORES DE AIRE

W. H. Mc Adams.- HEAT TRANSMISSION.- Mc Graw-Hill (1954)

E. H. Mayer&G. M. Mc Carver.- ECONOMIZER TECHNOLOGY FOR UTILITY AND INDUSTRIAL BOILERS.- Course for
the Center for Professional Advancement.- E. Brunswick (1991)

B&W.-STEAM: ITS GENERATION AND USE.- 40t h Edition, Chapter 19.- The Babcock-Wilcox Company.- Barberton, Ohio,
USA (1992)

XX.- EFECTO DE LA CENIZA DEL COMBUSTIBLE SOBRE EL DISEÑO Y FUNCIONAMIENTO

B&W.- STEAM: ITS GENERATION AND USE, 40t h Edition, Chapter 20.- The Babcock and Wilcox Company Barberton,
Ohio, USA (1992)

XXII.- CIERRES EN CALDERAS

B&W.- STEAM: ITS GENERATION AND USE.- 40t h Edition, chapter 22.- The Babcock & Wilcox Com-pany.- Barberton,
Ohio, USA.- 1992

XXIII.- ELEMENTOS AUXILIARES DE CALDERA

AMCA.- PUBLICATION 850- 84.- Air Movement and Control Association.- Arlington Heights, Illinois.- 1984

American Society of Mechanical Engineers.- ASME BOILER AND PRESSURE VESSEL CODE, SECTION I.- ASME.- New
York.- 1988

B&W.- STEAM: ITS GENERATION AND USE.- 40th Edition, chapter 23.- The Babcock&Wilcox Company.- Barberton, Ohio,
USA.- 1992

XXIV.- CALDERAS PARA PLANTAS ELÉCTRICAS

B&W.- STEAM: ITS GENERATION AND USE.- 40t h Edition, chapter 24.- The Babcock & Wilcox Company.- Barberton,
Ohio, USA.- 1992
1030
BENSON Boilers for Maximum.- Cost-Effectiveness in Power Plants, 2002
B&W.- A Wide Range of Quality Products and Services, 1998
Sebastian Teir.- MODERN BOILER TYPES AND APPLICATIONS .- Helsinki University of Technology .- Department of Me-
chanical Engineering

XXV.- DISEÑO DE CALDERAS INDUSTRIALES

B&W.- STEAM: ITS GENERATION AND USE, 40t h Edition, chapter 24, The Babcock & Wilcox Company Barberton, Ohio,
USA.-1992
Helmut Anderl; Kurt Kaufmann .- 110 MWTH CFB BOILER RV-LENZING FOR INCINERATION OF WASTE MATERIALS
(RDF) AND SLUDGE.- Babcock Borsig Power – Austrian Energy.- Austria

XXVI.- RECUPERACIÓN DE PRODUCTOS Y CALOR EN LA INDUSTRIA PAPELERA

R.P. Whitney.- CHEMICAL RECOVERY IN ALKALINE PULPING PROCESSES.- TAPPI, Monograpch Series Nº 32, p.40.-
1968
G.W. Hough.- CHEMICAL RECOVERY IN ALKALINE PULPING PROCESSES.- TAPPI, p.197.- 1985

G.A. Smook.- HANDBOOK FOR PULP AND PAPER TECHNOLOGISTS.- Joint Textbook Committee of the Paper Industry.-
TAPPI / CPPA , p.69.- 1986

A. Elaahi & H.E. Lowitt.- THE PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRY: AN ENERGY PERSPECTIVE.- DOE / RL / 01830 - T 57.-
April, 1988
Miller Freeman.- PULP AND PAPER 1990 NORTH AMERICAN FACTBOOK.- Pulp and Paper International.- 1991

Miller Freeman.- 1991 INTERNATIONAL FACT AND PRICE BOOK.- Pulp and Paper International.- 1992

B&W.- STEAM : ITS GENERATION AND USE.- 40t h Edition, Chapter 26.- The Babcock and Wilcox Company.- Barberton,
Ohio, USA.- 1992

Larson, Eric D.- A COST-BENEFIT ASSESSMENT OF BIOMASS GASIFICATION POWER GENERATION IN THE PULP
AND PAPER INDUSTRY PRINCETON ENVIRONMENTAL INSTITUTE - Princeton University, Stefano Consonni, Diparti-
mento di Energetica, Politecnico di Milano, and Ryan E. Katofsky, Navigant Consulting, Inc. October 8, 2003.

Chemrec AB.- TECHNOLOGY.- http://www.chemrec.se/ (April 20, 2004).

Brown, Robert C.- BIORENEWABLE RESOURCES ENGINEERING NEW PRODUCTS FROM AGRICULTURE.- Iowa State
Press, Ames IA. 2003

ThermoChem Recovery International, Inc.; TRI SOLUTION.- http://www.tri-inc.net/solution.htm (April 20, 2004).
Ryham & Rolf & Nikkanen, Samuli.- HIGH SOLIDS FIRING AT RECOVERY BOILERS, TAPPI Kraft Recovery . Operations
Short Course. pp. 233-238 , 1992 .

Vakkilainen, Esa K. & Taivassalo, V. & Kjäldman, L.& Kilpinen, P. & Norström, T.- High Solids Firing in an Operating Re-
covery Boiler - COMPARISON OF CFD PREDICTIONS TO PRACTICAL OBSERVATIONS IN THE FURNACE. TAPPI .-
International Chemical Recovery Conference, Tampa, Florida., 1998

Vakkilainen, Esa.- RECOVERY BOILER. Chapter 13 in Book 6, Chemical Pulping, Finnish Paper Engineers' Association and
TAPPI , 2000.
Vakkilainen, Esa.- PREDICTING ASH PROPERTIES IN RECOVERY BOILERS. CONFERENCE ON BEHAVIOR OF INOR-
GANIC MATERIAL IN RECOVERY BOILERS, June 4-9, 2000, Bar Harbor, Maine , 2000.

Vakkilainen, Esa. & William J. & Reis, V.V. & Wåg, Kaj. J.- POTASSIUM AND CHLORINE ENRICHMENT DURING
BLACK LIQUOR COMBUSTION. LABORATORY AND MILL MEASUREMENTS AND A MECHANISTIC MODEL.- Proce-
edings 1995.- International Chemical Recovery Conference, Toronto, 1995.

Söderhjelm, L. & Sägfors, P-E. & E. Kiiskilä.- FACTORS INFLUENCING HEAT TREATMENT OF BLACK LIQUOR. TAPPI
International Recovery Conference, Tampa, Florida , 1998.
Vakkilainen, Esa, Backman, Rainer, Forssén, Mikael, Hupa, Mikko.- EFFECTS OF LIQUOR HEAT TREATMENT ON
BLACK LIQUOR COMBUSTION PROPERTIES. TAPPI International Recovery Conference, Tampa, Florida, 1998
1031
Helpiö, T. & Kankkunen, A.- MEASUREMENTS OF THE EFFECT OF BLACK LIQUOR FIRING TEMPERATURE ON
ATOMIZATION PERFORMANCE.- Part 1: Nozzle Flow Properties and Sheet Breakup, Helsinki University of Technology,
Laboratory of Energy Engineering and Environmental Protection , 1994.
Helpiö, T. & Kankkunen, A.-MEASUREMENTS OF THE EFFECT OF BLACK LIQUOR FIRING TEMPERATURE ON ATO-
MIZATION PERFORMANCE, Part 2: Drop Size Distributions, Helsinki University of Technology, Laboratory of Energy En-
gineering and Environmental Protection , 1995.

Järvinen, M.& Forssén, M.,& Vakkilainen, E. & Zevenhoven, R. & Hupa, M..-BLACK LIQUOR.- DEVOLATILIZATION AND
SWELLING DETAILED DROPLET MODEL. Conference on Behavior of Inorganic Material In Recovery Boilers, June 4-9,
2000, Bar Harbor, Maine.
Frederick, W.J.& Hupa, M..-COMBUSTION PROPERTIES OF KRAFT BLACK LIQUORS, Åbo Akademi Department of
Chemical Engineering, Report 93-3 , 1993.
McKeough, P.J. & al,.- THE RELEASE OF CARBON, SODIUM AND SULPHUR DURING RAPID PYROLYSIS OF BLACK
LIQUOR. TAPPI International Recovery Conference, Toronto Canada, Preprints, pp. A217-A226 , 1995.
Manninen, J. & Vakkilainen, E.- REDUCTION OF SULFUR EMISSIONS FROM KRAFT RECOVERY FURNACE WITH
BLACK LIQUOR HEAT TREATMENT.- Finnish-Swedish Flame Days, Naantali , 1996.

Ingvar Landälv & Chemrec AB.- EUROPEAN CONFERENCE on BIOREFINERY.-Advances in Black Liquor Gasification.-
Helsinki, 19 and 20 October 2006

XXVII.- CENTRALES QUE QUEMAN BASURAS

R.S. Rochford & S.J.Witkowski.- CONSIDERATION IN THE DESIGN OF A SHREDDED MUNICIPAL REFUSE BURNING
AND HEAT RECOVERY SYSTEM.- Proceedings of the ASME Waste Processing Conference.- Chicago, 1978

D.I. Cramblitte & al..- AKRON RECYCLE SYSTEM IS ON-LINE.- Proceedings of the ASME Waste Processing Conference.-
Washington, D.C., 1980

E.J. Campobenedetto & al..- CITY OF LAKELAND TO GENERATE POWER AND BURN MUNICIPAL WASTE.- Proce-
edings of the American Power Conference.- Chicago, 1982
J.F. Clunie & al..- THE INPORTANCE OF PROPER LOADING OF REFUSE FIRED BOILERS.- Proceedings of the ASME
National Waste Processing Conference- Orlando, Florida, 1984

J.D. Blue & J.R. Strempek.- CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE DESIGN OS REFUSE-FIRED WATER WALL INCINERATORS.-
Proceedings of the Conference on Energy from Municipal Waste, Washington, D.C., 1985
J.L. Barna & J.D. Blue & P.L. Daniel.- FURNACE WALL CORROSION IN REFUSE FIRED BOILERS.- Proceedings of the
ASME National Waste Processing Conference.- Denver, Colorado, 1986
M.P. Hepp & R.M. Nethercutt & J.F. Wood.- CONSIDERATIONS IN THE DESIGN OF HIGH TEMPERATURE AND
PRESSURE REFUSE FIRED POWER BOILERS.- Proceedings of the ASME National Waste Processing Conference.- Denver,
Colorado, 1986

P.S. Larsen.- CONTINNOUSLY MONITORING FURNACE TEMPERATURE IN REFUSE BOILERS USING ACOUSTIC
PYROMETRY.- Proceedings of the Waste Technology Conference.- Chicago, 1986

C.W. Chambliss & J.T. Hestle & R.M. McNertney.- OPERATING EXPERIENCE IS REFLECTED IN NASHVILLE'S NEW
REFUSE BOILER.- Proceedings of the ASME/IEEE Power Generation Conference.- Portland, Oregon, 1986
N.H. Johnson & D.C. Reschly- MSW AND RDF: AN EXAMINATION OF THE COMBUSTION PROCESS.- Proceedings of
the ASME Joint ASME/IEEE Power Generation Conference.- Portland, Oregon, 1986

D.R. Gibbs & L.A. Kreidler.-FROM HAMILTON TO PALM BEACH: THE EVOLUTION OF DEDICATED RDF PLANTS.-
Proceedings of the Processed Fuels and Material Recovery from Municipal Waste Symposium.- Washington, D.C., 1986

R.H. Herrmann.- RDF- FIRED SYSTEMS.- Proceedings of Waste-to-Energy: Exploring the Total Market.- Washington, D.C.,
1987

J.A. Barsin.- INITIAL OPERATIONAL RESULTS OF A COAL-FIRED STEAM GENERATOR CONVERTED TO 100% RDF
FUEL.- Proceedings of the ASME Joint Power Conference.- Miami, Florida, 1987

J.A. Barsin & al..- INITIAL OPERATING RESULTS OF COAL-FIRED STEAM GENERATORS CONVERTED TO 100% RE-
FUS DERIVED FUEL.- Proceedings of the American Power Conference.- Chicago, 1988
J.D. Blue & D.R. Gibbs & M.P. Hepp.- DESIGN AND OPERATING EXPERIENCE WITH HIGH TEMPERATURE AND
1032
HIGH PRSSURE REFUSE-FIRED BOILERS.- Proceedings of the ASME National Waste Processing Conference.- Philadel-
phia, 1988
L. Strach.- OPERATING EXPERIENCE OF REFRACTORY LININGS IN MASS-REFUSE FIRED WATERWALL BOILERS.-
Proceedings of the ASME National Waste Processing Conference.- Philadelphia, 1988
B.W. Jackson & J.E. Scheatzle & D.A. Taylor.- DESIGN TO CONVERT A THREE BOILER POWER PLANT TO RDF
FIRING.- Proceedings of the Industrial Power Conference.- Houston, Texas, 1988

P.H. Schueler.- THE CASE OF DEDICATED REFUSE CONVERSION OF UTILITY BOILERS.- Proceedings of the Power-
Gen Conference.- Orlando, Florida, 1988
J.D. Blue & al..- STANDARD HANDBOOK OF POWERPLANT ENGINEERING, Section 3, Chapter 6, McGraw-Hill, 1989
G.T. Bielawski & al..- RESOURCE RECOVERY IN PALM BEACH.- Proceedings of the International Conference on Municipal
Waste Combustion.- Hollywood, Florida, 1989

J.D. Blue & al..- WASTE FUELS: THEIR PREPARATION, HANDLING AND FIRING.- Standard Handbook of Powerplant
Engineering, Section 3, Chapter 6, McGraw-Hill, 1989
D.R. Gibbs & L.A.Kreidler.- WHAT RDF HAS EVOLVED INTO.- Waste Age, 1989

D.E. Burnham & al..- THE EVOLUTION OF RDF BOILER DESIGNS THROUGH STATE-OF-THE-ART SYSTEM AT
PALM BEACH.- Proceedings of the EPRI Conference on Municipal Solid Waste as a Utility Fuel.- Springfield, Massachusetts,
1989

W.C. Hanson & J.E. Scheatzle.- THE DESIGN AND START-UP OF ELK RIVER'S CONVERSION TO RDF FIRING.- Proce-
eding of the EPRI Conference on Municipal Solid Waste as a Utility Fuel.- Springfield, Massachusetts, 1989

R.H. Herrmann.- IMPROVEMENTS IN THE QUALITY OF RDF.- Proceedings of the EPRI Conference on Municipal Solid
Waste as a Utility Fuel.- Springfield, Massachusetts, 1989
R.H. Herrmann.- PALM BEACH COUNTY WASTE PROCESSING FACILITY.- Proceedings of the GRCDA Resource Reco-
very Symposium.- West Palm Beach, Florida, 1990

D.R. Gibbs & M.P. Hepp.- MASS-BURN PLANT ACHIEVES HIGH AVAILABILITY, LOW EMISSIONS.- Power , 1990
E. Boman & al..- THE GREATER BRIDGEPORT REGIONAL RESOURCE RECOVERU PROJECT: A WASTE-TO-ENERGY
REINCARNATION.- Proceedings of the ASME National Waste Processing Conference.- Long Beach, California, 1990

S.A. Scavuzzo & J.R. Strempek & L. Strach.- THE DETERMINATION OF THE THERMAL OPERATING CHARACTERIS-
TICS IN THE FURNACE OF A REFUSE-FIRED POWER BOILER.- Proceedings of the ASME Waste Processing Conferen-
ce.- Long Beach, California, 1990

B&W.- STEAM: ITS GENERATION AND USE.- 40t h Edition, Chapter 27.- The Babcock and Wilcox Company.- Barberton,
Ohio, USA, 1992.

XXVIII.- CENTRALES QUE QUEMAN MADERAS

B&W.- STEAM : ITS GENERATION AND USE.- 40t h Edition, Chapter 28.- The Babcock and Wilcox Company.-Barberton,
Ohio, USA, 1992

J.S. Gittinger .- B&W .- Barberton, Ohio, U.S.A. ; W.J. Arvan Palm Beach Resource Recovery Corporation .-Florida, U.S.A. -
CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE DESIGN OF RDF-FIRED REFUSE BOILERS BR-1657 .- Presented to: Power-Gen Europe
’98 .- Milan, Italy, 1998

Technical Paper BR-1393.- THE EVOLUTION OF RDF BOILER DESIGNS THROUGH THE STATE-OF-THE-ART SYS-
TEM AT PALM BEACH.- Babcock & Wilcox, Barberton, Ohio, 1989.

Technical Paper BR-1366.- RESOURCE RECOVERY IN PALM BEACH.- Babcock & Wilcox, Barberton, Ohio, 1989.

XXIX.- COMBUSTIÓN EN LECHO FLUIDO PRESURIZADO

IEA Clean Coal Centre | Pressurized fluidized bed combustion (PFBC)

http://www.iea-coal.org.uk/site/ieacoal/clean-coal-technologies-pages/clean-coal-technologies-pressurized-fluidized-bed-
combustion-pfbc
W.F. Podolski & al..- PRESSURIZED FLUIDIZED BED COMBUSTIÓN TECHNOLOGY.- Noyes Data, Park Ridge, New
Jersey, 1989
1033
D. Geldart.- GAS FLUIDIFICATION TECHNOLOGY.- Wiley, New York, 1986

H.R. Hoy & al..- PART-LOAD OPERATION OF PRESSURIZED FLUIDIZED BED COMBUSTORS: A REVIEW.- 9t h Inter-
national Fluidized Bed Combustion Conference, Boston, 1987

J. Stringer, EPRI.- CURRENT INFORMATION ON METAL WASTAGE IN FLUIDIZED BED COMBUSTORS.- 9t h Interna-
tional Fluidized Bed Combustion Conference, Boston, 1987

F.L. Kinsinger & D.K. MacDonald.- COMBINED CYCLE USING PFBC.- American Power Conference, Chicago, 1988
D.K. McDonald & P.S. Weitzel.- THE PFBC BOILER FOR AEP's TIDD PLANT; DESIGN FOR PERFORMANCE AND
OPERATION.- EPRI Seminar on Fluidized Bed Combustion Technology for Utility Applications, Palo Alto, California, 1988
R.K. Clark & al..- COMPARATIVE PERFORMANCE OF THE GRIMETHORPE PFBC COMBUSTOR WHEN FED UIT
DRY COAL AND COAL WATER MIXTURES.- 10t h International Fluidized Bed Conference, San Francisco, 1989

D. Boersma & al..- NOx EMISSIONS FROM PRESSURIZED FLUIDIZED BED COMBUSTIÓN.- 10t h International Fluidi-
zed Bed Conference, San Francisco, 1989
F.L. Kinsinger.- PRESSURIZED FLUIDIZED BED COMBUSTION - UTILITY BOILER IN A PRESSURE VESSEL.- National
Board Bulletin.- National Board of Boiler and Pressure Vessel Inspectors, Vol. 45, Nº. 8, April 1989

A.J. Minchener & al..- NOx STUDIES ON THE PFBC FACILITY AT THE BRITISH COAL RESEARCH ESTABLISHMENT.-
10t h International Fluidized Bed Conference, San Francisco, 1989

M. Mudd.- STATUS OF AEP's TIDD PFBC DEMOSTRATION PLANT.- 10t h International Fluidized Bed Conference, San
Francisco, 1989
P.S. Weitzel & al..- THE USE OF ADVANCED CERAMICS FOR HOT GAS CLEAN UP.- AIChE Annual Meeting, Chicago,
1990

B&W.- STEAM : ITS GENERATION AND USE.- 40th Edition, chapter 29.- The Babcock and Wilcox Company, Barberton,
Ohio, USA, 1992
Basu, P.& Fraser, S.A.-CIRCULATING FLUIDIZED BED BOILERS.- Butterworth-Heinemann, Boston, 349pp.(1991).

Caputo, A.C.& Pelagagge, P.M.- RDF PRODUCTION PLANTS: I DESIGN AND COSTS.- Applied Thermal Engineering, 22,
423-437 (2002a).
Caputo, A.C.& Pelagagge, P.M.- RDF PRODUCTION PLANTS: II ECONOMICS AND PROFITABILITY.- Applied Thermal
Engineering, 22, 439-448 (2002b).

Nielsen, H.P.& Frandsen, F.J.& Dam-Johansen & K., Baxter, L.L.- THE IMPLICATIONS OF CHLORINE-ASSOCIATED
CORROSION ON THE OPERATION OF BIOMASS-FIRED BOILERS.- Prog. Energy and Combustion Sci, 26, 283-298
(2000).

Piao, G. & Aono, S. & Mori, S. & Deguchi, S. & Fujima Y. & Kondoh, M. & Yamaguchi, M.- COMBUSITON OF REFUSE
DERIVED FUEL IN A FLUIDIZED BED.- Waste Management, 18509-572(1998).

Shun, D. & al.- DEVELOPMENT OF CIRCULATING-FLUIDIZED-BED COAL COMBUSTION TECHNOLOGY FOR CO-
GENERATION.- Korea Institute of Energy Research Kier-973403, Ministry of Trade Industry and Energy, 331pp. (1997).

Shun, D. & al.- DEVELOPMENT OF CIRCULATING FLUIDIZED BED COMBUSTION AND EMISSION CONTROL TE-
CHNOLOGY.- Korea Institute of Energy Research KE-A03707, Ministry of Energy and Resources, 144pp. (2000).

Tagashira, K. & Torii, I. & Myouyou, K. & Takeda, K. & Mizuko, T. & Tokushita, Y.- COMBUSTION CHARACTERISTICS
AND DIOXINE BEHAVIOR OF WASTE FIRED CFB.- Chemical Engineering Science, 34, 5599-5607 (1999). 8
Gary J. Stiegel.- GASIFICATION.-Versatile Solutions DOE’s Gasification Program Overview Version O.- October 2007, Ga-
sification Technology Manager National Energy Technology Laboratory, US Department of Energy

Leonard M. Bartone, Jr., P.E.- INDUSTRIAL SIZE GASIFICATION FOR SYNGAS, SUBSTITUTE NATURAL GAS AND
POWER PRODUCTION.-DOE/NETL-401/040607/FR-53769211.- Office of Systems Analysis and Planning Support.- Worley
Parsons Group Inc.- National Energy Technology Laboratory.- April 2007 www.netl.doe.gov

J. Stringer, R. McCarron, A. M. Beltran, A. J. Minchener, J. S. Anderson, and R. A. Mountford.- RESULTS FROM THE TUR-
BINE MATERIALS TESTING PROGRAM ON THE IEA GRIMETHORPE EXPERIMENTAL PFBC FACILITY pp. 772-793 in
Proc. Eighth Intl. Conf. on Fluidized-Bed Combustion, Vol. II, DOE/METC-85/6021, July 1985.

1034
J. Stringer, A. J. Leitch, and R. K. Clark.- THE EPRI HOT-GAS FILTER PLANT AT GRIMETHORPE: WHAT WORKED,
WHAT BROKE, AND WHERE DO WE GO NOW? pp. 971-984 in Proc. 1991 Intl. Conf. on Fluidized-Bed Combustion, E. J.
Anthony, Ed., ASME (1991).
TIDD PFBC DEMONSTRATION PROJECT.- Clean Coal Technology Demonstration Program Project Performance
Summary, Ohio Power Company, Report No. DOE/FE-0398, June 1999.
J. M. Wheeldon, R. A. Brown, R. R. McKinsey, and S. G. Dawes.- AN EVALUATION OF THE UNITED KINGDOM CLEAN
COAL POWER GENERATION GROUP’S AIR-BLOWN GASIFICATION CYCLE.- pp. 279-287 in Proc. Pittsburgh Coal
Conference (1996).
P. Almhem and L. Anderson.- COTTBUS OPTS FOR PFBC REPOWERING.- Modern Power Systems, Supplement, pp. 27-36
(1996).
K. Omata, and L. Anderson.- KARITA 360 MW PFBC AN IMMINENT PROSPECT.- Modern Power Systems, 17 (4) 33-38
(1997).
S. Kaneko, M. Kinoshita, and Y. Hyakutake.- COMMERCIAL OPERATION OF THE FIRST PFBC PLANT WITH HIGH-
TEMPERATURE CERAMIC FILTER.- presented at Power-Gen Intl.’98, December 9-11, 1998, Orlando, Florida.
S. J. Provol.- AHLSTROM PYROFLOW PRESSURIZED CIRCULATING FLUIDIZED BED TECHNOLOGY: TECHNICAL
DEVELOPMENT STATUS AND PREPARATION FOR COMMERCIAL DEMONSTRATION.- pp. 335-343 in Proc. 1991 Intl.
Conf. on Fluidized-Bed Combustion, E. J. Anthony, Ed., ASME (1991).

G. Dehn, H. Meier, H. Möllenhoff, H. Rehwinkel, and G. von Wedel.- 15 MWTH PFBC OPERATING EXPERIENCE WITH
THE DEUTSCHE BABCOCK PILOT PLANT AND OUTLOOK ON FUTURE DEVELOPMENT.- pp. 345-362 in Proc. 1991
Intl. Conf. on Fluidized-Bed Combustion, E. J. Anthony, Ed., ASME (1991).

M. Shimizu and K. Horiuchi.- CURRENT OPERATING STATUS OF OSAKI POWER PLANT.- pp. 274-282 in Proc. Confe-
rence: Fourth Advanced Clean Coal Technology International Symposium, Tokyo, Japan, January 2001.
M. Kubota.- STATUS OF OPERATION OF PFBC COMBINED CYCLE POWER GENERATION PLANT.- pp. 252-256 in
Proc. Conference: Fourth Advanced Clean Coal Technology International Symposium, Tokyo, Japan, January 2001.

P. Almqvist, A. Dahl, and B. Nordmark.- COMMISSIONING OF THE PFBC PLANT IN VÄRTAN, STOCKHOLM.- pp. 795-
800 in Proc. 1991 Intl. Conf. on Fluidized-Bed Combustion, E. J. Anthony, Ed., ASME (1991).
J. Anderson and S. A. Jansson.- COMMISSIONING EXPERIENCE FROM THREE PFBC PLANTS.- pp. 787-794 in Proc.
1991 Intl. Conf. on Fluidized-Bed Combustion, E. J. Anthony, Ed., ASME (1991).

A. Dahl.- OPERATION EXPERIENCE OF THE PFBC PLANT AT VÄRTAN, STOCKHOLM.- pp. 931-935 in Proc. 12th Int.
Conf. on Fluidized-Bed Combustion, ASME (1993).

J. Alsparr.- THE VÄRTAN PFBC PLANT, STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN: EXPERIENCE OF THE TECHNOLOGY Pp. 268-273
in Proc. Conference: Fourth Advanced Clean Coal Technology International Symposium, Tokyo, Japan, January 2001.

M. Marrocco, J. E. Hollback, and H. K. Stogran.- TIDD PFBC DEMONSTRATION PLANT START-UP.- pp. 801-804 in
Proc. 1991 Intl. Conf. on Fluidized-Bed Combustion, E. J. Anthony, Ed., ASME (1991).

T. Matsuo.- OUTLINE AND OPERATIONAL TEST OF NEW KARITA UNIT 1 (PFBC).- pp. 257-267 in Proc. Conference:
Fourth Advanced Clean Coal Technology International Symposium, Tokyo, Japan, January 2001.

XXX.- CICLOS COMBINADOS, RECUPERACIÓN DE CALOR RESIDUAL Y OTROS SISTEMAS

O.W. Durrant.- SOLAR POWER GENERATION SYSTEM.- Second Conference on Air Quality Management in the Electric
Power Industry.- Austin, Texas, USA.- 1980

U.S. DOE PON Number DE-AC22-87PC79338.- MHD TECHNICAL SUPPORT SERVICES.- Subcontract nº. 08-8244-
0104.- 1987

B&W.- STEAM: ITS GENERATION AND USE.- 40th Edition, Chapter 31.-The Babcock and Wilcox Company.- Barberton,
Ohio, USA.- 1992

Ake, T.R. & Erickson, C.A & Nystedt, P.& Hutcheson, L.K. & Martin, M.& McGinnis, G. & Favor, C. - SELECTIVE CA-
TALYTIC REDUCTION SYSTEM PERFORMANCE AT DUKE ENERGY'S CLIFFSIDE UNIT 5 POWER STATION. EPRI
2002 Workshop on Selective Catalytic.- Reduction.- Atlanta, GA.- October 22-23, 2002

Ake, T.R.& Erickson, C.A& Medeiros, W.& Hutcheson, L.K.& Barger, M.& Rutherford, S.- LIMESTONE INJECTION FOR
PROTECTION OF SCR CATALYST PAPER nº175 COMBINED POWER PLANT AIR POLLUTION CONTROL MEGA
SYMPOSIUM, Washington, DC May 19- 22, 2003
1035
Marilynn Martin, Hans Hartenstein, Hans Sobolewski, Horst Rhein.- STEAG AG, Herne Cogeneration Plant.- STEAG’S
LONG-TERM CATALYST OPERATING EXPERIENCE AND COST.- Combined Power Plant Air Pollutant Control Mega
Symposium Sponsored by EPA, NETL, EPRI, AWMA.-Baltimore, Maryland.-August 28-31, 2006

XXXI.- CONSIDERACIONES MEDIOAMBIENTALES

D. Zimmerman & al..- ANTHROPOGENIC EMISSIONS DATA FOR THE 1985 NAPAP INVENTORY .- Final report.- U.S.
Govt. Report No. EPA-600/7-88-022.- November, 1988
J.K. Rice.- STANDARD HANDBOOK OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING.- Legislation and pollution sources.-
McGraw-Hill .- New York, 1989
J.L. Vernon.- MARKET IMPACTS OF SULPHUR CONTROL: THE CONSEQUENCES FOR COAL.- Report IEA/CR18.- In-
ternational Energy Agency .- Coal Research .- London, October, 1989

Saeger & al..- THE 1985 NAPAP EMISSIONS INVENTORY (VERSION 2): DEVELOPMENT OF ANNUAL DATA AND MO-
DELERS TAPE.- U.S. Govt. Report EPA-600/7-89-12a.- Noviembre, 1989
R.A. Corbitt, ed..- STANDARD HANDBOOK OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING,. McGraw-Hill
New York, 1990

A.K. Hjalmarsson & H.N. Soud.- SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLING NOx FROM COAL COMBUSTION.- Report IEA/CR30.-
International Energy Agency / Coal Research .- London, December, 1990

B&W.- STEAM: ITS GENERATION AND USE.- 40t h ed., chapter 32 .- The Babcock and Wilcox Company.- Barberton, Ohio,
USA, 1992

A.D. La Rue & E.M. Schulz & D.P. Tonn.- 4 x 550 MWe BOILER OPERATING EXPERIENCE AT 0,15 lb /106BTU NOx
EMISSION LEVEL FIRING A BROAD RANGE OF COALS.- Babcock & Wilcox.- Barberton, Ohio, U.S.A. Presented to:
EPRI-DOE-EPA Combined Utility Air Pollutant Control Symposium, Atlanta, Georgia, USA, August 16-20. 1999

XXXII.- ELIMINACIÓN DE PARTÍCULAS

H.J. White.- INDUSTRIAL ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATION.- Addison-Wesley, Reading .- Massachusetts, 1963

F.A. Bagwell, L.F. Cox , E.A. Pirsh.- DESIGN AND OPERATING EXPERIENCE WITH A FILTER-HOUSE INSTALLED ON
AN OIL-FIRED BOILER.- Air Pollution Control Association.- June 1968

C.E. Billings & al..- HANDBOOK OF FABRIC FILTER TECHNOLOGY.- GCA Corporation .- Bedford, Massachusetts, De-
cember 1970

R.E. Bickelhaupt.- A TECHNIQUE FOR PREDICTING FLYASH RESISTIVITY.- Report EPA-600/7-79-204 .- U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency.- Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, July 1979

J. Katz.- THE ART OF ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR.- Precipitator Technology, Inc..- Munhall, Pennsylvania, 1981

W.R. Lane & A. Koshla.- COMPARISON OF BAGHOUSE AND ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR FINE PARTICULATE,
TRACE ELEMENT AND TOTAL EMISSIONS.- ASME-IEEE Joint Power Conference.- Indianapolis, Indiana, September 1983

M.G. Faulkner, J.L. DuBand.- A MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATION (Rev. 3).- Report EPA-
600/7-84-069 .- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.- Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, July 1984

J.C. Bustard & al.- FABRIC FILTRES FOR THE ELECTRIC UTILITY INDUSTRY .- (Vol. 1) Report CS-5161 .- Electric
Power Research Institute .- Palo Alto, California, 1988

B&W.- STEAM : ITS GENERATION AND USE .- 40t h Edition, Chapter 33.- The Babcock and Wilcox Company.- Barberton,
Ohio, USA, 1992

M.A. Alvin.- PERFORMANCE AND STABILITY OF POROUS CERAMIC CANDLE FILTERS DURING PFBC OPERA-
TION.- Materials at High Temperatures, 1997, 14 (3), 355-364.

XXXIII.- CONTROL Y ELIMINACIÓN DE LOS NOx

A.F. Sarofim&J.H. Pohl.- KINETICS OF NITRIC OXIDE FORMATION IN PREMIXED LAMINAR FLAMES.- 14t h Sympo-
sium on Combustion.- Pennsylvania State University , 1972

A.F. Sarofim&J.H. Pohl.- DEVOLATILIZATION AND OXIDATION OF COAL NITROGEN.- 16t h Symposium on Combus-
1036
tion.- Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 1976

K.J. Lim&al.- ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF UTILITY BOILER COMBUSTION MODIFICATION NOx

CONTROLS.- Contract 68-02-2160.-U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Report, 1980
B.E. Hurst & C.M. White.- THERMAL deNOx : A COMMERCIAL SELECTIVE NONCATALYTIC REDUCTION PROCESS
FOR WASTE-TO-ENERGY APPLICATIONS.- 12t h Biennial National Waste Processing Conference.- Proceedings of the AS-
ME, 1986
J.A. Miller & T. Bowman.- MECHANISM & MODELING OF NITROGEN CHEMISTRY IN COMBUSTION.- Fall Meeting of
the Western States.- The Combustion Institute, 1988
American Lung Association Report.- WHY NOx? THE COSTS, CONSEQUENCES AND CONTROL OF NITROGEN OXI-
DES IN THE HUMAN AND NATURAL ENVIRONMENTAL.- 1989
R.M. Perhac.- ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF NITROGEN OXIDES.- Symposium on Stationary Combustion Nitrogen
Oxide Control.- Report GS6423- Vol.1.- Electric Power Research Institute , 1989
Prepared for Conference Technology Center.- SOURCEBOOK NOx CONTROL TECHNOLOGY DATA.- U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, 1990

B&W.- STEAM : IST GENERATION AND USE.- 40t h Edition, Chapter 34.- The Babcock and Wilcox Company.- Barberton,
Ohio, USA, 1992
EPA, 1999. US Environmental Protection Agency, Clean Air Technology Center. Technical Bulletin: Nitrogen Oxides (NOx ),
Why and How They Are Controlled. Research Triangle Park, NC. 1998.

EPA, 2002. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards. EPA Air Pollution Control
Cost Manual, Section 4 Chapter 1. EPA 452/B-02-001. 2002.
ICAC, 2000. Institute of Clean Air Companies, Inc. WHITE PAPER: SELECTIVE NON-CATALYTIC REDUCTION (SNCR)
FOR CONTROLLING NOx EMISSIONS.- Washington, D.C. 2000.

NESCAUM, 2002. Northeast States for Coordinated Air Use Management. Status Reports on NOx. Controls for Gas Turbi-
nes, Cement Kilns, Industrial Boilers, and Internal Combustion Engines: Technologies & Cost Effectiveness. Boston, MA.
2002.
D.P. Tonn&T.A. Uysal.- 2200 MW SCR INSTALLATION ON NEW COAL-FIRED PROJECT.- Babcock & Wilcox.- Barber-
ton, Ohio, U.S.A.Presented to: Institute of Clean Air Companies, ICAC Forum ’98, Durham, North Carolina, U.S.A., March
18-20, 1998

L.N. Plummer, T.M.L.Wwgley & D.L. Parkhurst.- THE KINETICSOF CALCITE DISSOLUTION IN CO2-WATER SYSTEMS
AT 5ºC TO 60ºC AND 0 TO 1 ATM CO2 .- American Journal of Science, 1978

XXXIV.- CONTROL Y ELIMINACIÓN DE LOS SOx

Report DOE / IRA 0381.- ANNUAL ENERGY REVIEW.- U.S. Energy Information Agency, 1991

B&W.- STEAM : ITS GENERATION AND USE.- 40t h Edition, Chapter 35.- The Babcock and Wilcox Company.- Barberton,
Ohio, USA, 1992

Ellison Consultants Paper: SIMULTANEOUS SOx , NOx AND HGO REMOVAL IN DRY/SEMI-DRY FGD OPERATION.-
For Presentation at The 29t h International Technical Conference on Coal Utilization & Fuel Systems Clearwater Beach, Flo-
rida , April 18 to 22, 2004

XXXV.- CONTROL MEDIOAMBIENTAL. APARATOS.

B.G.Liptak, ed.- INSTRUMENT ENGINEERS HANDBOOK. Chilton, Radnor, Pennsylvania, 1982

F.Rothstein & J.E.Fisher

pH MEASUREMENT: THE METER.- American Laboratory, 1985

T.C.Elliot.- MONITORING POLLUTION, Power, pp. 51 - 56, September 1986

1037
G.Gilbert.- THREE WAYS TO MEASURE FLOW IN POWER PLANT DUCTS, Power, pp. 63 - 72, June 1987

L.R.Robertson.- CONTINUOUS EMISSION MONITORING AND QUALITY ASSURANCE REQUIREMENTS FOR NEW
POWER PLANTS, The American Society of Mechanical Engineers, pp.13 - 15, 1988

B&W.- STEAM : ITS GENERATION AND USE , 40th ed., chapter 36, The Babcock and Wilcox Company Barberton, Ohio,
USA, 1992

F.Rothstein & J.E.Fisher.- pH MEASUREMENT: THE METER.- American Laboratory.- 1985

J.V.L.Kiser.- CONTINUOUS EMISSIONS MONITORING: A PREMIER.- Waste Age, pp. 64- 68.- 1988

Performance Test Code Committee nº.40.- FLUE GAS DESULFURATION UNITS (Draft VII).- The American Society of Me-
chanical Engineers.- 1989

B&W.- STEAM : ITS GENERATION AND USE .- 40th ed., chapter 36.- The Babcock and Wilcox Company.- Barberton,
Ohio, USA.- 1992

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